Add some new ruby stuff

Author: BlackIQ

Ruby/examples/01-output.rb

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+# Ruby cheatsheet number 1
+# Print stuff in cli
+
+# Print single lines
+puts "Hello Jupiter!"
+puts 1
+puts true
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+# Print multi lines
+print <<"EOF";
+Line one
+Second line
+EOF
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+# Execute codes in cli | One
+print <<`EOF`
+echo "Hello"
+echo "Bye"
+EOF
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+# Execute codes in cli | Two
+print <<`EOF`
+ls
+ruby --version
+EOF
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+# Print multi-multi line
+
+# Here we add some parts and in each one we add lines
+# We can have 3 or 5 items and 3 or 5 lines!
+print <<"One", <<"Two"
+Text one & Line one
+Text one & Line two
+One
+Text two & Line one
+Text two & Line two
+Two

Ruby/examples/02-begin-end.rb

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+# Ruby cheatsheet number 2
+# BEGIN and END statements
+
+# This is the code stuff
+
+print <<"Run"
+This is running and stuff
+Run
+
+# Begin
+# In "begin" we add some codes that are going to run at the first
+
+BEGIN {
+  puts "Begin part of app!"
+  puts "- - - - -"
+}
+
+# End
+# In "End" we add some codes that are going to run at the end
+
+END {
+  puts "- - - - -"
+  puts "End part of app!"
+}

Ruby/examples/03-classes.rb

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+# Ruby cheatsheet number 3
+# Classes
+
+# Define a global variable
+$year = 2022
+
+# Define a class
+class Person
+  # Add initial method
+  def initialize(name, born)
+    # Add variables
+    @name = name
+    @age = born
+  end
+
+  # Add a sample method
+  def age
+    # Return something and using global variable
+    $year - @age
+  end
+
+  # Create a function with params
+  def friend(friend)
+    # Define friend
+    @friend = friend
+
+    # Print with variables
+    puts "#{@name} is friend with #{@friend}."
+  end
+end
+
+# initial a class with values
+amir = Person. new("Amir", 2003)
+
+# using class method and add it to a value
+age = amir.age
+
+# Print age
+puts age
+
+# Use a class method with params
+amir.friend("Fatemeh")

Ruby/examples/04-arrays.rb

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+# Ruby cheatsheet number 4
+# Arrays | 1
+
+# Create just a list
+names = [ "Amir", "Fatemeh", "Mohammad", "Ali" ]
+
+# For loop in a list
+names.each do | name |
+  # Print name
+  puts name
+end
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+# Create a JSON array
+person = {
+  "name" => "Amir",
+  "age" => 19,
+  "born" => "Nov 20 2003",
+  "city" => "Tehran",
+}
+
+# For loop in person with key and value
+person.each do |key, value|
+  # Print key and value
+  puts "#{key} is #{value}"
+end
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+(0..10).each do |i|
+  puts "Running for #{i} time"
+end

Ruby/examples/05-operators.rb

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+# Ruby cheatsheet number 5
+# Operators
+
+# =
+a = 1
+b = 2
+c, d, e, f = 3, 4, 5, 6
+a, b = c, d
+
+# +
+z = a + b + c + d + e + f
+puts z
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+# defined
+# We use this operator to check that variable is defined or not
+puts defined? a
+puts defined? y
+
+puts "- - - - -"

Ruby/examples/06-conditions.rb

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+# Ruby cheatsheet number 6
+# Conditions
+
+username = "Amir"
+password = "hello"
+
+# If, Else
+if username == "Amir"
+  if password == "hello"
+    puts "User is authenticated"
+  else
+    puts "Password is wrong"
+  end
+else
+  puts "Username is wrong"
+end
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+age = 19
+
+# Unless
+unless age > 20
+  puts "Age is less than 20"
+else
+  puts "Age is greater than 20"
+end
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+# Case
+action = "login"
+case action
+when "login"
+  puts "Login user"
+when "logout"
+  puts "Logout user"
+else
+  puts "Action not found"
+end

Ruby/examples/07-loops.rb

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+# Ruby cheatsheet number 7
+# Loops
+
+# While
+while_i, while_j = 1, 5
+
+while while_i < while_j do
+  puts "While is running, i is #{while_i}"
+  while_i += 1
+end
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+# Until
+until_i, until_j = 1, 5
+
+until until_i > until_j do
+  puts "Until is running, i is #{until_i}"
+  until_i += 1
+end
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+# For
+for_n = 5
+
+for n in 0..for_n
+  puts "For is running, i is #{n}"
+end
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+# Each
+each_array = [ "name", "age", "born", "sruff" ]
+
+each_array.each do |item|
+  puts "Each is running, i is #{item}"
+end
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+# Next, Break
+for i in 0..5
+  puts "Number is #{i}"
+  if i != 4
+    puts "Number is #{i}. Let's next!"
+    next
+  else
+    puts "Number is #{i}. Let's break!"
+    break
+  end
+end

Ruby/examples/08-method.rb

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+# Ruby cheatsheet number 8
+# Methods
+
+# Create a sample method
+def method1
+  puts "Method 1 is run"
+end
+
+# Create a method with value
+def method2(name, age)
+  puts "#{name} is #{age} years old!"
+end
+
+# Return value
+def method3(a, b)
+  a + b
+end
+
+# Run methods
+method1
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+method2("Amir", 19)
+
+puts "- - - - -"
+
+puts method3(10, 20)

Ruby/examples/09-strings.rb

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+# Ruby cheatsheet number 9
+# Strings
+
+name = "amir"
+
+# Downcase
+puts name.downcase
+
+# Uppercase
+puts name.upcase

Ruby/examples/10-arrays-2.rb

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+# Ruby cheatsheet number 10
+# Arrays | 2
+
+# Create test array
+test = Array.new(20)
+
+# Get length and size
+puts test.length # 20
+puts test.size # 20
+
+# Create array with length and item
+test2 = Array.new(10, "Amir")
+puts test2
+
+# Create array like a loop
+test3 = Array.new(0..10)
+puts test3
+
+# Create array with []
+test4 = Array.[](1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+test5 = Array[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

Ruby/examples/11-hash.rb

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+# Ruby cheatsheet number 11
+# Hash
+
+# Create a hash array
+a = Hash.new("a")
+a = {
+  "name" => "Amirhossein",
+  "age" => 19
+}
+
+# Print name
+puts a["name"]

Ruby/examples/12-datetime.rb

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+# Ruby cheatsheet number 12
+# Date and Time
+
+# New time
+time1 = Time.new
+puts time1
+
+# Now time. Same as new
+time2 = Time.now
+puts time2
+
+# Current time
+time3 = Time.now
+puts time3.inspect
+
+# More about methods
+time = Time.new
+
+puts time.year       # => Year of the date
+puts time.month      # => Month of the date (1 to 12)
+puts time.day        # => Day of the date (1 to 31 )
+puts time.wday       # => 0: Day of week: 0 is Sunday
+puts time.yday       # => 365: Day of year
+puts time.hour       # => 23: 24-hour clock
+puts time.min        # => 59
+puts time.sec        # => 59
+puts time.usec       # => 999999: microseconds
+puts time.zone       # => "UTC": timezone name
+puts time.zone       # => "UTC": return the timezone
+puts time.utc_offset # => 0: UTC is 0 seconds offset from UTC
+puts time.zone       # => "PST" (or whatever your timezone is)
+puts time.isdst      # => false: If UTC does not have DST.
+puts time.utc?       # => true: if t is in UTC time zone
+puts time.localtime  # Convert to local timezone.
+puts time.gmtime     # Convert back to UTC.
+puts time.getlocal   # Return a new Time object in local zone
+puts time.getutc     # Return a new Time object in UTC