The hive subagents (hive-scout, hive-reviewer) return their results as Honey
Lever-3 handoffs. This measures that the format they emit is smaller than what
an agent naively returns, and lossless — the orchestrator recovers every fact.
Two layers, both reproducible:
node bench/hive/check.mjs — the exact payloads the subagents return, every format
round-tripped losslessly before measurement, sized with the same two tokenizers
the ESO bench uses (Claude @anthropic-ai/tokenizer, OpenAI o200k_base).
hive-reviewer findings (10-record uniform array):
| Format | Bytes | vs pretty | Claude tok | o200k tok | lossless |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pretty JSON | 1540 | 0% | 586 | 553 | ✓ |
| compact JSON | 1119 | -27% | 384 | 334 | ✓ |
| columnar JSON (default) | 796 | -48% | 276 | 244 | ✓ |
| ESO (opt-in) | 665 | -57% | 268 | 195 | ✓ |
hive-scout hits (5-record locate map):
| Format | Bytes | vs pretty | Claude tok | o200k tok | lossless |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pretty JSON | 579 | 0% | 226 | 219 | ✓ |
| compact JSON | 398 | -31% | 139 | 125 | ✓ |
| columnar JSON (default) | 288 | -50% | 108 | 98 | ✓ |
| ESO (opt-in) | 229 | -60% | 105 | 79 | ✓ |
hive-builder changes (3-record manifest): columnar 84 Claude tok vs pretty
151 — −44%, lossless; ESO 86.
Columnar JSON — the hive default — saves 44–53% of Claude tokens vs the pretty JSON a subagent emits by default, with zero loss. ESO buys a little more but costs a format primer; it stays opt-in for high-volume cached pipes. The check exits non-zero if any format fails to round-trip or the default fails to beat pretty JSON.
The format alone is only half the claim — a too-dense handoff a receiver silently
misparses would look cheaper while dropping accuracy. The relay tier
(bench/tasks/findings-relay, config-relay) encodes a payload, then a separate
receiver agent answers ground-truth questions using only that handoff. Quality is
lossless recovery, not prose.
Live, claude-opus-4-8, STAMP=hive-p0:
| Variant | Recovery | Output tok | vs baseline | $ vs base |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| baseline | 100% | 1,135 | +0% | +0% |
| caveman | 100% | 818 | -28% | -25% |
| ponytail | 100% | 855 | -25% | -3% |
| honey | 100% | 537 | -53% | -43% |
The Honey Lever-3 format the hive emits cuts handoff size ~53% at no loss of recovery — the biggest, cleanest win of any tier.
Reproduce:
cd bench
npm run bench:hive # offline, no key
ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=sk-... STAMP=hive-p0 \
node src/run.js --tasks findings-relay,config-relay # live recoveryGenerated 2026-06-21, Node v22.13.0. The live
$/CO₂ figures are modeled, not invoiced (seebench/README.md). The receiver column is the trustworthy signal: smaller handoff, every answer still correct.