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Let $(a,b,c,\ell)$ be a Frey package, with associated Frey curve $E$ and mod $\ell$ Galois
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representation $\rho=E[\ell]$. We now work through a proof that $\rho$ is hardly ramified.
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\begin{theorem}\label{Frey_curve_good} If $p\not=\ell$ is a prime not dividing $abc$ then
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\begin{theorem}\label{Frey_curve_good}\notready If $p\not=\ell$ is a prime not dividing $abc$ then
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$\rho$ is unramified at~$p$.
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\end{theorem}
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\begin{proof}\uses{Frey_curve_good_reduction,good_reduction_implies_unramified} Indeed, $E$ has good reduction at $p$, and hence $\rho$ is unramified at $p$
\begin{proof}\uses{Frey_curve_j} Indeed $p$ does not divide $2^8$ as $p>2$, and (using the notation of the previous theorem) $p$ does not divide $C^2-AB$ either, because it divides precisely one of $A$, $B$ and $C$. Hence $v_p(j)=-2v_p(a^\ell b^\ell c^\ell)=-2\ell v_p(abc)$ is a multiple of $\ell$.
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\end{proof}
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\begin{corollary}\label{Frey_curve_unram} If $(a,b,c,\ell)$ is a Frey package, if $2<p\mid abc$
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\begin{corollary}\label{Frey_curve_unram}\notready If $(a,b,c,\ell)$ is a Frey package, if $2<p\mid abc$
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is a prime with $p\not=\ell$, then the $\ell$-torsion in the Frey curve is unramified
\begin{corollary}\label{frey_curve_unramified} If $(a,b,c,\ell)$ is a Frey package, then the $\ell$-torsion in the Frey curve is unramified at all primes $p\not=2,\ell$.
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\begin{corollary}\label{frey_curve_unramified}\notready If $(a,b,c,\ell)$ is a Frey package, then the $\ell$-torsion in the Frey curve is unramified at all primes $p\not=2,\ell$.
\begin{theorem}\label{Frey_curve_mod_ell_rep_at_ell}\uses{finite_flat_group_scheme} Let $\rho$ be the $\ell$-torsion in the
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\begin{theorem}\label{Frey_curve_mod_ell_rep_at_ell}\uses{finite_flat_group_scheme}\notready Let $\rho$ be the $\ell$-torsion in the
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Frey curve associated to a Frey package $(a,b,c,\ell)$. Then the restriction of $\rho$ to $\GQl$ comes from a finite flat group scheme.
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\end{theorem}
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\begin{proof}\uses{good_reduction_implies_flat, multiplicative_reduction_torsion} The Frey curve either has good reduction at $\ell$ (case 1 of FLT) or multiplicative
We have now proved the first main result of this chapter.
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\begin{theorem}\label{frey_curve_hardly_ramified}\uses{EllipticCurve.torsionGaloisRepresentation} Let $\rho$ be the Galois representation on the
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\begin{theorem}\label{frey_curve_hardly_ramified}\uses{EllipticCurve.torsionGaloisRepresentation, hardly_ramified}\notready Let $\rho$ be the Galois representation on the
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$\ell$-torsion of the Frey curve coming from a Frey package $(a,b,c,\ell)$. Then $\rho$ is hardly
Copy file name to clipboardexpand all lines: blueprint/src/chapter/chtopbestiary.tex
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and $n\geq1$ such that $|f(x)\leq C||x||_\rho^n$.
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\end{definition}
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\begin{theorem} This is independent of the choice of $\rho$ as above
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\begin{theorem}\label{slowly_increasing_well_defined}\uses{slowly_increasing}\notready This is independent of the choice of $\rho$ as above
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\end{theorem}
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\begin{proof} Follows from the above.
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\end{proof}
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We can now give the definition of an automorphic form. For FLT we only need the definition for $G$ being either an abelian algebraic group, or an inner form of $GL(2)$, but we have chosen to work in full generality here.
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\begin{definition}\label{automorphic_form}\uses{slowly_increasing,connected_reductive_group, lie_group_from_algebraic_group, topology_on_affine_variety_computation}\notready An \emph{automorphic form} is a function $\phi:G(\A_N)\to\C$ satisfying the following conditions:
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\begin{definition}\label{automorphic_form}\uses{slowly_increasing_well_defined,connected_reductive_group, lie_group_from_algebraic_group, topology_on_affine_variety_computation}\notready An \emph{automorphic form} is a function $\phi:G(\A_N)\to\C$ satisfying the following conditions:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item$\phi$ is locally constant on $G(\A_N^f)$ and $C^\infty$ on $G(N_\infty)$. In other words, for every $g_\infty$, $\phi(-,g_\infty)$ is locally constant, and for every $g_f$, $\phi(g_f,-)$ is smooth.
The big theorem, which again we are far from even \emph{stating} right now, is
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\begin{theorem}\label{Galois_representation_from_automorphic_representation_on_GL_2_form}\uses{automorphic_representation,Shimura_varieties}\notready Given an automorphic representation $\pi$ for an inner form of $\GL_2$ over a totally real field and with reflex field~$E$, such that $\pi$ is weight 2 discrete series at every infinite place, there exists a compatible family of 2-dimensional Galois representations associated to $\pi$, with $S$ being the places at which $\pi$ is ramified, and $F_{\p}(X)$ being the monic polynomial with roots the two Satake parameters for $\pi$ at $\p$.
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\begin{theorem}\label{Galois_representation_from_automorphic_representation_on_GL_2_form}\uses{automorphic_representation,Shimura_varieties,compatible_family}\notready Given an automorphic representation $\pi$ for an inner form of $\GL_2$ over a totally real field and with reflex field~$E$, such that $\pi$ is weight 2 discrete series at every infinite place, there exists a compatible family of 2-dimensional Galois representations associated to $\pi$, with $S$ being the places at which $\pi$ is ramified, and $F_{\p}(X)$ being the monic polynomial with roots the two Satake parameters for $\pi$ at $\p$.
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