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Linux桌面发行版遇到的问题
2018-12-15 03:16:42 -0800
工具使用经验
Linux

💠

💠 2024-10-15 09:56:12

Linux桌面发行版遇到的问题

软件问题

命令找不到

  • sudo找不到 安装 sudo
  • locale-gen 找不到 安装 locales 使用locale-gen --purge命令进行更新编码

Linux上的报错, 提示说找不到共享库 | 参考解决方式

终端响铃

参考: Linux中关闭响铃

  1. 临时关闭：rmmod pcspkr 临时开启：modprobe pcspkr
  2. 编辑 /etc/inputrc，找到#set bell-style none这一行，去掉前面的注释符号
  3. xset -b

下面的方法不敢试

  • 对于Debian/Ubuntu系统，使用root身份执行：
    • sudo echo "blacklist pcspkr" >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist
  • 对于CentOS/Redhat/RHEL/Fedora系统，使用root身份执行：
    • echo "alias pcspkr off" >> /etc/modprobe.conf

输入法

fcitx

Flash

  • 点击官网下载地址下载,然后解压,
  • 将文件复制进火狐插件目录:sudo cp libflashplayer.so /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins
  • 添加其他用户可执行权限chmod 755 /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins/libflashplayer.so

tracker-extract 高CPU内存占用

参考: Go Away, tracker-store
参考: tracker store

  1. 复制 cp /etc/xdg/autostart/tracker-miner-fs-3.desktop ~/.config/autostart/ 等若干文件 并追加 Hidden=true
  2. 禁用服务 : systemctl --user mask tracker-store

驱动问题

显卡

  • 查看显卡列表 lspci -vnn | grep '\''[030[02]\]'
  • 测试显卡 FPS glxgears

休眠后的唤起 vscode vivaldi chrome 均出现假死半分钟后才恢复的情况，禁用硬件加速可避免

Nvidia

NVIDIA

常见驱动方案有: Nouveau, bumblebee, NV_Prime

Bumblebee

大多数笔记本都是 Intel集显和 Nvidia/AMD 组成双显卡, 双显卡的管理就成了问题(指的是Linux下)

参考: 使用 Bumblebee 控制 NVIDIA 双显卡

Serious Issue with NVIDIA Drivers: Compatibility Problems with Linux Kernel 6.10 | by Niemand | Aug, 2024 | Medium升级Manjaro到24.1后没注意到升级了内核和驱动，然后lightdm以及X都崩溃了

  • 依据启动的内核，将驱动从 linux510 升级到 linux610-nvidia 550.120-6 问题就解决了，没有那么多奇奇怪怪的问题了（/boot分区加载失败，X启动失败找不到屏幕（nvidia内核模块加载失败），某个分区加载失败无法识别 ext4 文件系统）

Manjaro 的NVIDIA驱动问题

参考: Manjaro NVIDIA驱动问题的解决方案

  1. inxi -G 检查已安装的驱动程序
  2. sudo mhwd -a pci nonfree 0300 安装NVIDIA驱动
  3. 重启
  4. mhwd -li 执行确认驱动程序(Bumbee)已安装并且正在运行,此时不要着急使用nvidia-settings

Deepin 的NVIDIA驱动问题

  • 论坛博客
    • sudo apt-get install bumblebee-nvidia nvidia-driver nvidia-settings

配置问题

Ubuntu与Windows10时间相差8小时的解决

  • timedatectl set-local-rtc true

终端开启慢

  • 检查 .bashrc 文件 看是否有可疑脚本,
    • 这次就是因为 sdkman 的原因(总是在检查自动更新, 虽然说关掉就好了)导致巨慢, 打开终端要一分钟
    • 那上次搞得我新建用户,重装系统是什么原因呢?

数据问题

突然断电

由于Linux延迟写的特性，如果遇到操作系统突然断电，会导致文件损坏或缺失，从而引发各种诡异问题

  1. 开机报错信息: fsck exited with status code 4
  1. 根据报错提示的分区, 进行修复, 由于我的Linux是ext3文件系统 ext4 则是 fsck.ext4
  2. fsck.ext3 -y /dev/sda9 分区根据实际情况
  3. 完成后重启即可
  1. 导致了 Git 仓库都损坏了 fatal: loose object

ZSH: corrupt history file

mv .zsh_history .zsh_history_bad
strings .zsh_history_bad > .zsh_history
fc -R .zsh_history
  1. 导致了终端输出中文乱码 Unicode乱码，但是应用内(firefox vscode)中文输入正常，且粘贴板复制中文内容

启动问题

can't resume from suspend

i386-pc not found

  • /boot/grub/i386-pc BIOS 安装的引导
  • /boot/grub/x86_64-efi EFI安装的引导

/boot/grub/i386-pc/normal.mod not found.

gist

崩溃

高内存占用，桌面管理器失去响应 journalctl -b -2 --since "2024-01-18" 重启过两次

    Jan 18 09:23:21 lightdm[2507179]: gkr-pam: unable to locate daemon control file
    Jan 18 09:23:21 lightdm[2507179]: gkr-pam: stashed password to try later in open session
    Jan 18 09:23:21 systemd[1]: Stopping Session c147 of User lightdm...
    Jan 18 09:23:21 lightdm[2507112]: pam_unix(lightdm-greeter:session): session closed for user lightdm
    Jan 18 09:23:21 systemd[1]: session-c147.scope: Deactivated successfully.
    Jan 18 09:23:21 systemd[1]: Stopped Session c147 of User lightdm.
    Jan 18 09:23:21 systemd[1]: session-c147.scope: Consumed 7.307s CPU time.
    Jan 18 09:23:21 systemd-logind[660]: Removed session c147.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[1]: Stopping User Manager for UID 966...
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Activating special unit Exit the Session...
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Stopped target Main User Target.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Stopping Accessibility services bus...
    Jan 18 09:23:31 gvfsd[2507153]: A connection to the bus can't be made
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Stopping D-Bus User Message Bus...
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Stopping Virtual filesystem service...
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Stopped Accessibility services bus.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Stopped Virtual filesystem service.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Stopped target Basic System.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Stopped target Paths.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Stopped target Sockets.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Stopped target Timers.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Closed D-Bus User Message Bus Socket.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Closed GnuPG network certificate management daemon.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Closed GCR ssh-agent wrapper.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Closed GNOME Keyring daemon.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Closed GnuPG cryptographic agent and passphrase cache (access for web browsers).
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Closed GnuPG cryptographic agent and passphrase cache (restricted).
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Closed GnuPG cryptographic agent (ssh-agent emulation).
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Closed GnuPG cryptographic agent and passphrase cache.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Closed p11-kit server.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Closed PipeWire Multimedia System Sockets.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Closed Sound System.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Removed slice User Application Slice.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Reached target Shutdown.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Finished Exit the Session.
    Jan 18 09:23:31 systemd[2507120]: Reached target Exit the Session.

崩溃，切换TTY5登录后终端疯狂输出日志无响应

Used+Cached高内存， journalctl -b -1查日志

    Jan 29 11:28:49 zk-pc systemd[1]: Started Getty on tty5.
    Jan 29 11:28:53 zk-pc dbus-daemon[668]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.home1' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.home1.service' requested by ':1.3512' (uid=0 pid=3819>
    Jan 29 11:28:54 zk-pc dbus-daemon[668]: [system] Activation via systemd failed for unit 'dbus-org.freedesktop.home1.service': Unit dbus-org.freedesktop.home1.service not found.
    Jan 29 11:28:57 zk-pc login[3819083]: pam_unix(login:session): session opened for user zk(uid=1000) by zk(uid=0)
    Jan 29 11:29:01 zk-pc systemd-logind[671]: New session 279 of user zk.
    Jan 29 11:29:01 zk-pc systemd[1]: Started Session 279 of User zk.
    Jan 29 11:29:03 zk-pc login[3819083]: LOGIN ON tty5 BY zk
    Jan 29 11:29:05 zk-pc kernel: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xff00000000000010: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI
    Jan 29 11:29:06 zk-pc kernel: CPU: 8 PID: 3807890 Comm: Storage Diagnos Not tainted 5.15.139-1-MANJARO #1 096934fa2aab193b2a40cf54023e5b05e5276eb2
    Jan 29 11:29:07 zk-pc systemd-journald[375]: Missed 364 kernel messages
    Jan 29 11:29:07 zk-pc kernel: ---[ end trace 56f99a5ae8056f6e ]---
    Jan 29 11:29:08 zk-pc systemd-journald[375]: Missed 910 kernel messages
    Jan 29 11:29:08 zk-pc kernel: RSP: 002b:00007f6803a98590 EFLAGS: 00010217
    Jan 29 11:29:10 zk-pc systemd-journald[375]: Missed 1440 kernel messages
    Jan 29 11:29:10 zk-pc kernel: RSP: 0000:ffff9ee142597c30 EFLAGS: 00010246

    Mar 19 14:46:19 zk-pc sudo[2511882]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by zk(uid=1000)
    Mar 19 14:46:19 zk-pc sudo[2511882]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
    Mar 19 14:46:25 zk-pc dbus-daemon[584]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.home1' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.home1.service' requested by ':1.2243' (uid=0 pid=2512>
    Mar 19 14:46:25 zk-pc dbus-daemon[584]: [system] Activation via systemd failed for unit 'dbus-org.freedesktop.home1.service': Unit dbus-org.freedesktop.home1.service not found.
    Mar 19 14:46:25 zk-pc sudo[2512066]:       zk : TTY=pts/47 ; PWD=/home/zk/Work/tg-assets-backend ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/bin/lsof -p 2453453
    Mar 19 14:46:25 zk-pc sudo[2512066]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by zk(uid=1000)
    Mar 19 14:46:25 zk-pc sudo[2512066]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
    Mar 19 14:48:49 zk-pc rtkit-daemon[1023]: Supervising 7 threads of 6 processes of 1 users.
    Mar 19 14:48:49 zk-pc rtkit-daemon[1023]: Supervising 7 threads of 6 processes of 1 users.
    Mar 19 14:49:33 zk-pc rtkit-daemon[1023]: Supervising 7 threads of 6 processes of 1 users.
    Mar 19 14:49:33 zk-pc rtkit-daemon[1023]: Supervising 7 threads of 6 processes of 1 users.
    Mar 19 14:49:33 zk-pc rtkit-daemon[1023]: Supervising 7 threads of 6 processes of 1 users.
    Mar 19 14:49:33 zk-pc rtkit-daemon[1023]: Supervising 7 threads of 6 processes of 1 users.
    Mar 19 14:49:33 zk-pc rtkit-daemon[1023]: Supervising 7 threads of 6 processes of 1 users.
    Mar 19 14:49:33 zk-pc rtkit-daemon[1023]: Supervising 7 threads of 6 processes of 1 users.
    Mar 19 14:51:35 zk-pc systemd-journald[375]: Under memory pressure, flushing caches.
    Mar 19 14:51:45 zk-pc systemd-journald[375]: Under memory pressure, flushing caches.
    Mar 19 14:51:46 zk-pc sshd[2517295]: ssh_dispatch_run_fatal: Connection from 192.168.131.11 port 9778: Broken pipe [preauth]
    Mar 19 14:53:45 zk-pc sshd[2517303]: fatal: Timeout before authentication for 192.168.131.11 port 9791
    Mar 19 14:53:51 zk-pc rtkit-daemon[1023]: Supervising 7 threads of 6 processes of 1 users.