all-fives.yaml

# All Fives — Compact Convention Card
# Quick reference for table use. Full specification: all-fives-verbose.yaml

system: All Fives
tagline: "Every 1-level suit opening promises 5+ cards (with known exceptions)."

# ── Openings ──────────────────────────────────────

openings:
  1NT:
    1st_2nd: 12-14 HCP, balanced (4333/4432/5332 incl. 5M)
    3rd_4th: 15-17 HCP, balanced
    responses:
      2C: "Split Stayman — 4-card major ask (inv+). Crawling: weak 4-4 majors"
      2D: "5-card major ask (inv+, 8+ HCP). Artificial 2!H denial"
      2H: "Natural, to play (weak, 5+ !H)"
      2S: "Natural, to play (weak, 5+ !S)"
      2NT: "Natural invitation (no 4M, no 5M)"
      3C: "5-5 minors, slam interest"
      3D: "5-5 majors, GF"
      3H: "Splinter — short !H, 5-4+ minors, slam interest"
      3S: "Splinter — short !S, 5-4+ minors, slam interest"
    split_stayman_2C:
      opener_rebids:
        2D: "No 4M (denial)"
        2H: "4+ hearts (may also have 4 spades)"
        2S: "4 spades, not 4 hearts"
      after_2D_denial:
        pass: "Weak, no 4M (drop)"
        2H: "Crawling — weak 4-4 majors. Opener passes or corrects to 2!S"
        2NT: "Invitational, no 4M"
        3H: "Smolen — 5!S + 4!H, GF (right-sides 5-3 !S fit)"
        3S: "Smolen — 5!H + 4!S, GF (right-sides 5-3 !H fit)"
        3NT: "Game values, no 4M"
    five_card_ask_2D:
      opener_rebids:
        2H: "No 5M (artificial denial — keeps 2NT free for invite)"
        2S: "5 spades"
        2NT: "5 hearts"
      after_2H_denial:
        pass: "Weak hand (rare — usually uses 2H/2S natural instead)"
        2S: "Natural invite, 5+ !S"
        2NT: "Invitational, no fit"
        3NT: "Game values, no fit"
      after_2S_five_spades:
        3S: "Invite with !S support"
        4S: "Game with !S support"
      after_2NT_five_hearts:
        3H: "Invite with !H support"
        4H: "Game with !H support"
    interference_after_asks:
      principle: "Pass = stolen denial. X = their suit. 3-level+ = system OFF."
      after_2D_X: "System ON (opener bids normally). Responder XX = penalty."
      after_2D_2H: "Pass = no 5M. X = 5!H. 2!S = 5!S."
      after_2D_2S: "Pass = no 5M. X = 5!S. 2NT = 5!H."
      after_2D_3plus: "System OFF. X = penalty-oriented."
      after_2C_X: "System ON (opener bids normally). Responder XX = penalty."
      after_2C_overcall: "Pass = no 4M. X = their suit. Bid = natural."
      after_2C_3plus: "System OFF. X = penalty-oriented."
    escape_1NTx:
      name: Helvic Wriggle
      XX: "One-suited (opener bids 2!C, pass or correct)"
      2C: "!C+!D (touching)"
      2D: "!D+!H (touching)"
      2H: "!H+!S (touching)"
      Pass: "To play / later"
      delayed_XX: "Non-touching (!C+!H or !D+!S)"
      strong_10plus: "Pass for penalty"

  1C_3rd_4th:
    seat: "3rd/4th"
    hcp: "8+"
    promise: "3+ clubs (best minor — SAYC style). 12-14 bal opens longest minor, 3-3 = 1♣."
    forcing_1nt: "OFF (responder is a passed hand — cannot force). 1NT = natural 6-10."
    note: "Best minor for balanced hands. 1♣ may be 3. 1♦ may be 3. 1♥/1♠ = strict 5+ in 3rd/4th."

  1_suit:
    1st_2nd: "12+ HCP (~7 losers)"
    3rd: "8+ HCP (light, tactical). Best minor: 1♣ may be 3, 1♦ may be 3. 1♥/1♠ strict 5+."
    suit_promises:
      1C: "4+ clubs (1st/2nd: 4 only with 15+ bal 3334. 3rd/4th: 3+ best minor)"
      1D: "4+ diamonds (1st/2nd). 3+ diamonds (3rd/4th best minor)"
      1H: "5+ hearts (may be 4: 4333 with 15+ bal in 1st/2nd only. 3rd/4th: strict 5+)"
      1S: "5+ spades (may be 4: 4333 or 4-4 majors in 1st/2nd. 3rd/4th: strict 5+)"
    rules:
      - "4-4 majors with 4+ minor: open the minor, show majors naturally"
      - "4-4 majors, no 4+ minor (15 HCP 1st/2nd): open 1♠, bid 2♥ next"
      - "4-4 majors, no 4+ minor (3rd/4th 12-14): open 1♣ (best minor)"
      - "4-4 majors, no 4+ minor (1st/2nd, 16-17): open 1♠, rebid 2NT"
      - "4-4 majors, no 4+ minor (3rd/4th, 15-17): open 1NT"
      - "4333 with 15+ bal: open the 4-card suit, rebid 2NT"
      - "2NT rebid = balanced (opening suit may be only 4)"
    1NT_response:
      meaning: "6-12 HCP, FORCING one round (DEC-6)"
      conditions: "No fit (≤3 cards), no new suit at 1-level. 1st/2nd seat only. OFF in competition and 3rd/4th seat (passed hand)."
      opener_rebids:
        after_1M:
          2_new_suit: "4+ cards, any strength"
          2M: "6+ in opened major, minimum"
          2NT: "15-17 balanced (4-card opening)"
          3M: "6+ in opened major, invitational"
          note: "After 1!S: 2!H is NOT a reverse (below 2!S)"
        after_1m:
          2_new_suit: "4+ cards (may be convenient rebid)"
          2m: "6+ in opened minor, minimum"
          2H_2S: "Reverse — 16+ HCP, 4+ (forcing)"
          2NT: "15-17 balanced (4-card opening)"
          3m: "6+ in opened minor, invitational"
      responder_second_bid:
        weak_6_9: "Place the contract: pass, correct to long suit, or give preference"
        inv_10_12: "Bid again: raise, preference, or 2NT"
        hidden_4M: "After 1m: show 4-card major now (inv+ values)"
      new_suit_at_1_level: "1st/2nd: 5+ (4-card hands route through forcing 1NT). Exception: 1♣-1♦ = 4+. 3rd/4th: 4+ (forcing 1NT off — passed hand)."
    raises:
      single: "6-9 HCP, 3+ support, 9-10 losers"
      limit: "10-12 HCP, 4+ support, 7-8 losers"
      game: "Distributional, 5+ support, 6-7 losers"
    raise_note: "After fit, use LTC: 24 - combined losers = tricks (H-8)"
    jump_responses_over_1M:
      seat_note: "1st/2nd seat (forcing 1NT ON) vs 3rd/4th (OFF) changes 2NT and 3M meaning."
      first_second:
        2NT: "LTC weak-suit ask — GF raise, 4+ trumps (opener: 3C/3D/3oM=3 losers in that suit, 3M=no weak suit)"
        3_new_suit: "Fit jump — good 5+ suit + 3+ support, inv 10-12"
        3M: "Slam try — 4+ trumps, GF, continue with cue-bids"
        4M: "Game raise, no slam interest (opener may try with 3 extra covers)"
      third_fourth:
        2NT: "Natural inv 11-12"
        3_new_suit: "Fit jump (same as 1st/2nd)"
        3M: "Limit raise 10-12, 4+ support"
        4M: "To play, distributional"
    jump_responses_over_1m:
      2NT: "Natural inv 11-12 balanced"
      3m: "Inv raise, 5+ support, 10-12"
      jump_major: "Strong jump shift — 16+ GF, 5+ suit"
      jump_other_minor: "Inv, 5+ suit, 10-12"
    two_over_one_gf:
      trigger: "New suit at 2-level by unpassed hand (13+ HCP) = GF"
      opener_rebids: "2M=6+, new suit=4+, 2NT=12-14 bal, raise=4+, 3M=6+ extras, 3NT=15-17 bal"
      responder_after_nt: "Pass 3NT, 4M=3+ support, 4NT=quantitative, new suit over 2NT=forcing"
      fourth_suit: "Natural (4+ cards) — GF already established, no artificial ask needed"
      competitive: "GF survives interference. Pass=forcing, X=penalty, new suit=natural forcing"
      slam: "Cuebid controls up the line (bypass=denial), then RKCB 4NT"
      minor_fit: "Prefer 3NT unless unstopped suit, extreme shape, or 33+ HCP"
      exceptions: "OFF in 3rd/4th seat (passed hand) and after interference on the opening bid"

  2C:
    name: Benji
    type_1: "22-23 bal (2!C-2!D-2NT)"
    type_2: "Strong major, ~5 losers, 5+ suit, 3 top honours (2!C-2!D-2!H/2!S)"
    type_3:
      name: "Strong Two-Suiter (~4 losers, 5-5+)"
      after_2C_2D:
        3C: "Clubs + any suit. Suit=pass/correct (3!D nat, pass/3!H/3!S). 3NT asks (4!C=C+D, 4!D=C+H, 4!H=C+S)"
        3D: "Diamonds + a major. 3!H=pass/correct (pass=D+H, 3!S=D+S). 3NT asks (4!C=D+H, 4!D=D+S)"
        3H: "Both majors (known — bid naturally)"
        3S: "4!S + 6+ minor. 4!C=pass/correct (pass=S+C, 4!D=S+D). 3NT asks (4!C=S+C, 4!D=S+D)"
        3NT: "4!H + 6+ minor. 4!C=pass/correct only (pass=H+C, 4!D=H+D)"
    responses:
      2D: "Relay (always) — opener describes hand with rebid"

  2D:
    name: Strong Game-Force
    ltc: "3-4 losers"
    responses_controls: "A=2, K=1"
    2H: "0-1"
    2S: "2"
    2NT: "3"
    3C: "4"
    3D: "5"
    3H: "6"
    interference:
      principle: "DOPI/ROPI — preserve control steps. Penalties on second round (forcing pass)."
      after_X: "ROPI: XX=0-1, Pass=2, 2H=3, 2S=4, 2NT=5, 3C=6"
      after_2H: "DOPI: X=0-1, Pass=2, 2S=3, 2NT=4, 3C=5, 3D=6"
      after_2S: "DOPI: X=0-1, Pass=2, 2NT=3, 3C=4, 3D=5, 3H=6"
      after_2NT: "DOPI: X=0-1, Pass=2, 3C=3, 3D=4, 3H=5, 3S=6"
      after_3_level: "DOPI compressed: X=0-1, Pass=2, cheapest=3, next=4..."
      after_4_level: "DEPO: X=even (0,2,4,6), Pass=odd (1,3,5)"
      after_5_level: "Forcing pass. Pull of X = slam values."
      penalty: "Second-round X by either partner = PENALTY"

  2H_2S:
    name: Weak Two
    hcp: 6-10
    ltc: "8-9 losers"
    suit: 6+ cards, 2+ of top 5 honours
    style: "Disciplined, especially vulnerable"
    avoid: "Void or strong 4-card side suit"
    ogust_2NT_asks:
      3C: "Min, poor suit"
      3D: "Min, good suit"
      3H: "Max, poor suit"
      3S: "Max, good suit"
      3NT: "Solid (AKQxxx+)"
    ogust_continuations:
      3M: "Sign-off"
      new_suit_3: "Forcing"
      3NT: "To play"
      4M: "To play"
      new_suit_4: "Cue-bid, slam try"
    interference_DOPI:
      XX: "= 3!C (min/poor)"
      Pass: "= 3!D (min/good)"
      overcall: "Ogust off, natural"

  2NT:
    hcp: 20-21, balanced
    responses:
      3C: "Puppet Stayman"
      3D: "Transfer to !H"
      3H: "Transfer to !S"
      4NT: "Quantitative (invite 6NT)"

  preempts:
    3x: "7+ cards, ~5-10 HCP, 7-8 losers (fav: 8-9, unfav: 7), destructive"
    3NT: "UCM Shape — two same-shape suits (♠♦ or ♥♣), 5-5+, ≤3 losers. 4♣ asks: 4♦=pointed, 4♥=rounded"
    4C: "UCM Color — two same-color suits (♥♦ or ♠♣), 5-5+, ≤3 losers. 4♦ asks: 4♥=red, 4♠=black"
    4D: "UCM Rank — two same-rank suits (♠♥ or ♣♦), 5-5+, ≤3 losers. 4♥ asks: 4♠=majors, 4NT=minors"
    4H_4S: "To play (distributional or preemptive)"
    4NT: "Acol Specific Ace Ask (monster hand): 5C=none, 5D=♦A, 5H=♥A, 5S=♠A, 5NT=♣A, 6C=two aces"
    5C_5D: "Extreme preempt or to play"

# ── Defensive Bidding (when opponents open) ───────

competitive:
  vulnerability_ltc:
    principle: "All defensive actions governed by LTC adjusted for vulnerability"
    favorable: "NV vs Vul — act with 1 more loser than standard"
    equal: "Both Vul or both NV — standard thresholds"
    unfavorable: "Vul vs NV — require 1 fewer loser than standard"

  overcalls:
    simple: "8 losers at equal (9 fav, 7 unfav), 5+ cards, suit quality > HCP"
    jump: "Weak, 9 losers at equal (10 fav, 8 unfav)"
    takeout_X: "All unbid suits, 6 losers at equal (12+ HCP or any 17+)"

  RAPTOR:
    trigger: "1NT overcall of opponent's suit opening"
    shows: "4 in unbid major + 5+ in a minor, 8 losers (9 fav, 7 unfav)"
    vs_major:
      cue_bid: "Asks major"
      2_other_minor: "To play"
      2_unbid_major: "Natural 5+"
      2NT: "Invitational+"
    vs_minor:
      2C_cheapest: "Pass or correct"
      cue_bid: "Asks major"
      2H_2S: "Natural 5+"
      2NT: "Invitational+"

  UCM:
    name: "UCM over artificial/strong openings (Untouched-Color-MinorMajor)"
    trigger: "Opponents open artificial/strong or short/garbage (strong 1!C, 2!C, 2!D, short !C 2+, garbage 1!D). NOT Multi 2!D."
    principle: "Untouched-Color-MinorMajor: three bids showing two-suited hands by suit pairing"
    definitions:
      Untouched: "Two non-adjacent suits (!S+!D pointed or !H+!C rounded)"
      Color: "Two same-color suits (!H+!D reds or !S+!C blacks)"
      MinorMajor: "Two same-rank suits (!H+!S majors or !C+!D minors)"
    vs_strong_2C:
      X: "Color"
      2D: "MinorMajor"
      2H_2S: "Natural 5+"
      2NT: "Untouched"
    vs_strong_1C:
      X: "Color"
      1D: "MinorMajor"
      1H_1S: "Natural 5+"
      1NT: "Untouched"
    vs_strong_2D:
      label: "Vs strong/garbage 2!D (NOT Multi)"
      X: "Color"
      2H: "MinorMajor"
      2S: "Natural 5+"
      2NT: "Untouched"
    vs_garbage_1D:
      label: "Vs garbage/short 1!D"
      X: "Color"
      1H: "MinorMajor"
      1S: "Natural 5+"
      1NT: "Untouched"
    requirements: "5-4+ shape (5-5+ unfav), LTC: 8 equal / 9 fav / 7 unfav"
    advancer: "Pass/correct — bid better suit in the shorter possible pair"

  defense_vs_1NT:
    name: "UCM defense to 1NT (differentiated by strength)"
    vs_strong_NT:
      label: "Vs strong NT (15-17)"
      X: "Color"
      2C: "MinorMajor"
      2D: "Untouched"
      2H_2S: "Natural 5+"
    vs_weak_NT:
      label: "Vs weak NT (12-14)"
      X: "Penalty (15+)"
      2C: "Color"
      2D: "MinorMajor"
      2H_2S: "Natural 5+"
      2NT: "Untouched"
    after_penalty_X: "If opponents run: revert to natural bidding"
    requirements: "5-4+ shape, LTC: 8 equal / 9 fav / 7 unfav. Penalty X: 15+ HCP"

  michaels:
    name: "Michaels Cuebid"
    trigger: "Cuebid of opponent's natural suit opening"
    over_minor: "Both majors (5-5+)"
    over_major: "Other major + unspecified minor (2NT/3!C asks which)"
    range: "Weak (8-9 losers) or strong (5-6 losers); intermediate overcall first"

  unusual_2NT:
    name: "Unusual 2NT"
    trigger: "Jump to 2NT over opponent's 1-level suit opening"
    shows: "Two lowest unbid suits (5-5+)"
    range: "Same as Michaels: weak (8-9 losers) or strong (5-6 losers)"

  lebensohl:
    name: "Lebensohl after double of weak two"
    trigger: "Partner doubles opponent's weak two for takeout"
    2NT: "Relay to 3!C (weak hand, pass or correct)"
    direct_3_level: "Invitational (8-11 HCP)"
    cuebid: "Game-forcing, asks stopper"
    slow_shows_fast_denies: "Via 2NT then 3NT = stopper; direct 3NT = no stopper"
    pass: "Penalty conversion (5+ strong trumps in opponent's suit, partner leads trump)"

  defense_vs_multi_2D:
    name: "Defense to Multi 2!D (Fighters style)"
    trigger: "Opponent opens Multi 2!D (weak two in either major). UCM excluded."
    direct_seat:
      X: "12-15 balanced OR any 19+"
      2H_2S: "Natural, 5+ suit, 10+ HCP"
      2NT: "16-18 balanced (systems on)"
      3_level: "Natural, good suit, constructive"
      Pass: "Default (most hands)"
    after_suit_revealed: "Treat as standard weak two: X = takeout, Lebensohl applies"

  defense_vs_55_openings:
    name: "Defense to 5-5 openings"
    trigger: "Opponent opens 2!H (5!H + 5m) or 2!S (5!S + 5m)"
    treatment: "Standard weak-two defense of the bid major"
    X: "Takeout of bid major, Lebensohl applies"
    2NT: "16-18 balanced (systems on)"
    new_suit: "Natural, constructive"
    cuebid: "Game-forcing, stopper ask"
    note: "Opener has 5-card minor — bid minors cautiously"

  defense_vs_3_level_preempts:
    name: "Defense to 3-level preempts"
    trigger: "Opponent opens 3!C / 3!D / 3!H / 3!S"
    X: "Takeout/cooperative (bid with shape, pass with flat defence)"
    3NT: "To play (stopper required)"
    new_suit_3: "Forcing, natural"
    new_suit_4: "To play (not forcing)"
    4NT: "Unusual (two lowest unbid suits)"
    note: "Lebensohl does NOT apply (already at 3-level)"

  defense_vs_4_level_preempts:
    name: "Defense to 4-level preempts"
    trigger: "Opponent opens 4!C / 4!D / 4!H / 4!S"
    X_of_major: "Penalty-oriented (pass unless very distributional)"
    X_of_minor: "Takeout (room to find major fit)"
    4NT: "Two-suited takeout"
    5_level: "To play"

  balancing:
    name: "Balancing (protection)"
    trigger: "Opponent's bidding dies at low level: (1x)-P-P-?"
    principle: "Act ~3 HCP less than direct ('borrow a king from partner')"
    1NT: "~11-14 (not 15-18)"
    X: "10+ (not 12+)"
    overcall: "8+, reasonable suit"
    jump_overcall: "Intermediate (not weak)"
    partner_note: "Partner downgrades ~3 HCP ('return the borrowed king')"

  advancing_overcall:
    name: "Advancing partner's overcall"
    trigger: "(1x) - 1y/2y [partner overcalls] - ?"
    simple_raise: "Competitive 6-9, 3+ support (NOT invitational)"
    cuebid: "Limit raise+ (10+, 3+ support)"
    jump_raise: "Preemptive (weak, 4+ support, NOT invitational)"
    2NT: "Sound raise (9-11, 3+ support)"
    new_suit: "Non-forcing (constructive)"
    jump_new_suit: "Fit-showing (good suit + support, invitational)"

  advancing_takeout_double:
    name: "Advancing partner's takeout X (of 1-level)"
    trigger: "(1x) - X - Pass - ?"
    cheapest_suit: "Minimum (0-8), forced"
    jump_suit: "Invitational (9-11)"
    cuebid: "Game force (12+)"
    1NT: "6-10 with stopper"
    2NT: "11-12 with stopper (invitational)"
    pass: "Penalty conversion (rare — 5+ strong trumps in opener's suit)"

  lead_directing_doubles:
    name: "Lead-directing doubles"
    principle: "X of any artificial bid = lead that suit"
    X_Stayman: "Lead clubs"
    X_transfer: "Lead the suit doubled (not target major)"
    X_cuebid: "Lead that suit"
    Lightner: "X of slam = unusual lead (NOT normal lead)"

  defense_vs_transfers:
    name: "Defense to opponents' transfers over 1NT"
    trigger: "(1NT) - P - (transfer) - ?"
    X: "Lead-directing (the transfer suit, not target)"
    bid_transfer_suit: "Natural (you hold that suit)"
    bid_target_suit: "Takeout/lead-directing"

  sandwich_position:
    name: "Sandwich position"
    trigger: "(1x) - P - (1y) - ? [between two bidders]"
    X: "Both unbid suits, moderate values"
    1NT: "Unusual (two lower unbid, NOT natural)"
    overcall: "Natural, good suit required"
    note: "Dangerous position — only act with shape or genuine strength"

# ── Defensive Carding ─────────────────────────────

carding:
  principle: "Use your head first. Signals are a last resort."

  signal_selection:
    axis_1_partner_need: >
      Ace lead → count. Dummy threatens → count. Shift question → suit preference.
      Default → attitude. Trumps → suit preference (TSP).
    axis_2_card_cost: "Cheapest card that conveys the message. Never signal with a trick."
    axis_3_adversarial_cost: >
      FREE signal = declarer already knows (bid suit count, obvious shift, overcalled suit).
      COSTLY signal = declarer gains info (unbid suit count, ambiguous attitude, critical guess).
      Prefer free. Costly only when defensive gain outweighs declarer gain.

  attitude:
    low: encourage
    high: discourage
    obvious_shift: >
      Trick 1: attitude refers to the obvious shift suit (dummy's shortest side suit,
      ≤1 honor, excluding trump/led/declarer's suits; vs NT = shortest). Encourage =
      continue (no shift tolerance). Discourage = wants the obvious shift. FREE signal.

  parity_count:
    even_spot: "even count (highest even card)"
    odd_spot: "odd count (highest odd card)"
    truth_check: "high→low same parity = TRUE, low→high same parity = FALSE"

  smith_echo:
    name: "Reverse Smith Echo"
    when: "vs NT only, trick 2+, following to declarer's suit"
    low: "Like the opening lead suit (continue)"
    high: "Don't like it (switch)"
    adversarial_cost: "FREE"
    note: "Reverse Smith — matches our attitude (low = encourage)"
    exception: "Count overrides when dummy has entryless long suit"

  trump_signals:
    high_low: "Prefer higher-ranking side suit (TSP)"
    low_high: "Prefer lower-ranking side suit (TSP)"
    caution: "Never signal with potential trump tricks (Qxx)"

  suit_preference:
    name: Italian Style (on discards)
    odd_card: "Interest in discarded suit"
    low_even: "Interest in lower suit"
    high_even: "Interest in higher suit"

  signal_freedom:
    definition: "SFS = count of free (non-trick) cards. Determines signal capacity."
    sfs_0_1: "0 bits — forced play. Silence = you hold honours (inference rule)."
    sfs_2: "1 bit — binary only. Use priority table: Ace lead→count, sequence→attitude, trump→TSP."
    sfs_3: "~1.6 bits — good. Attitude + count over 2 tricks."
    sfs_4_plus: "2+ bits — full signaling."
    paradox: "More tricks = less signal capacity. AKQxx has 1 bit, xxxxx has 2.3 bits."

  discard_discipline: "Never signal with potential tricks. Cheapest FREE card (SFS-aware)."

  leads:
    from_length: "3rd or 5th highest"
    from_sequences: "Top of sequence (AKx→K, KQx→K, QJx→Q, JTx→J, T9x→T)"
    AK_agreement: "K lead from AK; A asks for count"
    from_xx: "Higher (prefer even-ranked card for even parity signal)"
    from_xxx: "Lowest (3rd highest; prefer odd-ranked for odd parity signal)"
    from_xxxx: "2nd highest then low (prefer even-ranked for even parity signal)"
    with_J: "Lead 4th highest (KJ732→3)"
    parity_note: "Led card parity signals count: even spot=even cards, odd spot=odd cards"
    vs_suits: "Prefer sequences; avoid unsupported honours"
    vs_NT: "Longest suit unless bidding says opponents hold it"

  dummy_analysis:
    principle: "Classify dummy's suits → reconstruct declarer from bidding → choose defence line"
    suit_categories:
      running_threat: "5+ cards, 3+ honours (AKQxx, KQJ9x) — RACE to cash or CUT entries"
      establishable_source: "4+ cards, 1-2 honours (KJ84, Q10753) — HOLD UP, attack entries"
      attack_target: "≤3 cards or long without honours (73, xxx) — safe to LEAD"
      entry_suit: "Contains A or K as side entry — attack to strand long suit"
      trump_ruffing: "Short side suit + trumps = lead trumps to CUT RUFFS"
    five_lines:
      1_race: "Running threat + entries → cash winners NOW"
      2_entries: "Establishable source + limited entries → attack entries"
      3_passive: "Flat dummy, no threats → don't break new suits"
      4_cut_ruffs: "Singleton + trumps → lead trumps"
      5_force: "You have 4+ trumps → force declarer to ruff, shorten their trumps"
    bidding_clues:
      "1NT-3NT": "Balanced ~25 HCP, no long suit. Lead longest, then passive."
      "1M-2M-4M": "Dummy 6-9. Check for singleton. Flat = passive."
      "1M-3M-4M": "Dummy 10-12, 4+ trumps. More entries. Be active."
      "Weak two-4M": "Shape but no tricks. Cash fast."

  psychology:
    principle: "Protocol-driven psychology across 4 pillars."
    reading_opponents:
      didd: "Distribute → Infer → Decide → Do. By trick 8-9, know all suit lengths."
      negative_inferences: "What they DIDN'T do constrains their hand. No overcall = weak suit. No raise = short."
      tempo_reads: "Opponent hesitations are legal data. Partner's are not."
    table_presence:
      half_a_loaf: "Best result possible, not best possible result. Safe line > greedy line."
      archetypes: "Aggressive → let them overbid. Timid → compete harder. Tilted → apply pressure."
      tempo: "5-10 seconds per routine decision. Consistent speed = zero free info."
    deception:
      free: "From equals (Q from QJ) — always. Costs nothing."
      costly: "Risks a trick — only when expected gain > risk AND you can be smooth."
      cardinal_rule: "No hesitation before false-cards. Pre-plan or don't attempt."
    pressure:
      have_not: "Weak hand → obstruct, deceive, harass. Strong hand → construct."
      reset: "Bad board → deep breath → next board is a new session."
      momentum: "Last 5 boards = new session. Exploit opponent tilt."
    common_errors:
      1: "Telegraphing false-cards (hesitation)"
      2: "Ignoring negative inferences"
      3: "Same strategy vs all opponents"
      4: "Greedy play (risking contract for overtrick)"
      5: "Tilt cascade (one bad board infects the next)"

# ── Convention Summary ─────────────────────────────

convention_summary:
  bidding:
    - "Split Stayman (2C) — 4-card major ask over 1NT"
    - "5-Card Major Ask (2D) — finds 5M in opener"
    - "Smolen — right-sides 5-3 major fits"
    - "Helvic Wriggle — escape from 1NTX"
    - "Puppet Stayman — over 2NT"
    - "Benji 2C — balanced 22-23 / strong major / strong two-suiter"
    - "Strong 2D — GF, 24+ HCP or 4- losers"
    - "Weak Twos (2H/2S) — 5-10 HCP, 6-card major"
    - "Ogust — 2NT enquiry over weak two"
    - "Forcing 1NT — over 1M (1st/2nd seat)"
    - "2/1 Game Force — new suit at 2-level = 13+ GF"
    - "2NT LTC Weak-Suit Ask — GF raise, asks 3-loser suit"
    - "3M Slam Try — GF raise + cue-bids"
    - "4M Game Raise — to play (unless 3 extra covers)"
    - "Fit Jumps — good suit + support, inv"
    - "UCM — vs artificial/strong openings"
    - "UCM vs 1NT — differentiated by strength"
    - "Michaels Cuebid — two-suited vs natural opening"
    - "Unusual 2NT — two lowest unbid (5-5+)"
    - "RAPTOR 1NT — 4M + 5+m overcall"
    - "Lebensohl — after X of weak two"
    - "Fighters — defense to Multi 2D"
    - "Lead-Directing Doubles — Lightner + lead direction"
    - "RKCB 4NT — Roman Keycard Blackwood"
    - "Cue-bids — after 1M-3M slam try"
  carding:
    - "Attitude — low = encourage, high = discourage"
    - "Obvious Shift — trick 1: high = shift to obvious suit"
    - "Parity Count — even spot = even, odd spot = odd; truth check by order"
    - "Reverse Smith Echo — vs NT: low = like lead suit"
    - "Trump Suit Preference — high-low = higher side suit"
    - "Italian Discards — odd = want; even low = lower; even high = higher"
    - "3rd/5th leads — 3rd from 3-4, 5th from 5+"
    - "Jack Exception — 4th highest with J in suit"
    - "K from AK — Ace asks for parity count"
    - "Parity in leads — led card parity signals count"