[fix](iceberg) Add FE refresh logging after ALTER TABLE … EXECUTE (#58355)

### What problem does this PR solve?

Invoke logRefreshExternalTable whenever ALTER TABLE … EXECUTE finishes
so FE metadata stays in sync with external sources

Author: suxiaogang223

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/plans/commands/ExecuteActionCommand.java

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 import org.apache.doris.common.DdlException;
 import org.apache.doris.common.UserException;
 import org.apache.doris.datasource.CatalogIf;
+import org.apache.doris.datasource.ExternalObjectLog;
 import org.apache.doris.datasource.ExternalTable;
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.Expression;
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.plans.PlanType;
@@ -104,6 +105,7 @@ public void run(ConnectContext ctx, StmtExecutor executor) throws Exception {
 
             action.validate(tableNameInfo, ctx.getCurrentUserIdentity());
             ResultSet resultSet = action.execute(table);
+            logRefreshTable(table);
             if (resultSet != null) {
                 executor.sendResultSet(resultSet);
             }
@@ -141,4 +143,25 @@ public Optional<PartitionNamesInfo> getPartitionNamesInfo() {
     public Optional<Expression> getWhereCondition() {
         return whereCondition;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Log refresh table to make follow fe metadata cache refresh.
+     *
+     * @param table the table to log
+     * @throws UserException if the table type is not supported
+     */
+    private void logRefreshTable(TableIf table) throws UserException {
+        if (table instanceof ExternalTable) {
+            ExternalTable externalTable = (ExternalTable) table;
+            Env.getCurrentEnv().getEditLog()
+                    .logRefreshExternalTable(
+                            ExternalObjectLog.createForRefreshTable(
+                                    externalTable.getCatalog().getId(),
+                                    externalTable.getDbName(),
+                                    externalTable.getName()));
+        } else {
+            // support more table in future
+            throw new UserException("Unsupported table type: " + table.getClass().getName() + " for refresh table");
+        }
+    }
 }

regression-test/suites/external_table_p0/iceberg/action/test_iceberg_rewrite_data_files_where_conditions.groovy

@@ -71,6 +71,10 @@ suite("test_iceberg_rewrite_data_files_where_conditions", "p0,external,doris,ext
     // Test 1: Rewrite without WHERE condition (baseline - should rewrite files)
     logger.info("Test 1: Rewrite without WHERE condition (baseline)")
 
+    def totalRecordsBaselineBefore = sql """SELECT COUNT(*) FROM ${table_baseline}"""
+    logger.info("Baseline table record count before rewrite: ${totalRecordsBaselineBefore[0][0]}")
+    assertTrue(totalRecordsBaselineBefore[0][0] == 30, "Total record count should be 30 before baseline test")
+    
     def rewriteResultNoWhere = sql """
         ALTER TABLE ${catalog_name}.${db_name}.${table_baseline} 
         EXECUTE rewrite_data_files(
@@ -90,6 +94,7 @@ suite("test_iceberg_rewrite_data_files_where_conditions", "p0,external,doris,ext
 
     // Verify data integrity
     def totalRecords1 = sql """SELECT COUNT(*) FROM ${table_baseline}"""
+    logger.info("Total record count after baseline test: ${totalRecords1[0][0]}")
     assertTrue(totalRecords1[0][0] == 30, "Total record count should be 30 after baseline test")
 
     // Test 2: Rewrite with WHERE condition matching subset of data