1448. Count Good Nodes in Binary Tree.cpp

Given a binary tree root, a node X in the tree is named good if in the path 
from root to X there are no nodes with a value greater than X.

Return the number of good nodes in the binary tree.

 

Example 1:



Input: root = [3,1,4,3,null,1,5]
Output: 4
Explanation: Nodes in blue are good.
Root Node (3) is always a good node.
Node 4 -> (3,4) is the maximum value in the path starting from the root.
Node 5 -> (3,4,5) is the maximum value in the path
Node 3 -> (3,1,3) is the maximum value in the path.
Example 2:



Input: root = [3,3,null,4,2]
Output: 3
Explanation: Node 2 -> (3, 3, 2) is not good, because "3" is higher than it.
Example 3:

Input: root = [1]
Output: 1
Explanation: Root is considered as good.
 

Constraints:

The number of nodes in the binary tree is in the range [1, 10^5].
Each node's value is between [-10^4, 10^4].
   Hide Hint #1  
Use DFS (Depth First Search) to traverse the tree, and constantly keep track of the current path maximum.











/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    int res = 0;
    
    void traversal(TreeNode *root, int maxi) {
        if (!root) return;
        
        if (root->val >= maxi) res++;
        
        maxi = max(maxi, root->val);
        
        traversal(root->left, maxi);
        traversal(root->right, maxi);
    }
        
    int goodNodes(TreeNode* root) {
        if (!root) return res;
        
        traversal(root, root->val);
        
        return res;
    }
};