Add a cli flag to fail if the patch is remote

[nlighteneddesign]

Verification

• I have updated Composer to the most recent stable release (composer self-update)
• I have updated Composer Patches to the most recent stable release (composer update cweagans/composer-patches)
• I am using one of the supported PHP versions (8.0+)
• I have searched existing issues and discussions for my idea.

Is your feature request related to a problem?

Most of my clients have a requirement that patches be local. It would be great to have a flag to enforce that upstream.

Describe your proposed solution(s)

Add a flag such as --local-patches-only

Describe alternatives

No response

Additional context

No response

[github-actions]

👋 Thanks for the idea! Please remember that this is an open source project - feature requests may or may not be implemented, and if they are, the timeline is unknown. If you need a guaranteed implementation or timeline, sponsorships are welcome!