Merge bitcoin#27412: logging, net: add ASN from peers on logs

0076bed logging: log ASN when using `-asmap` (brunoerg)
9836c76 net: add `GetMappedAS` in `CConnman` (brunoerg)

Pull request description:

  When using `-asmap`, you can check the ASN assigned to the peers only with the RPC command `getpeerinfo` (check `mapped_as` field), however, it's not possible to check it in logs (e.g. see in logs the ASN of the peers when a new outbound peer has been connected). This PR includes the peers' ASN in debug output when using `-asmap`.

  Obs: Open this primarily to chase some Concept ACK, I've been using this on my node to facilitate to track the peers' ASN especially when reading the logs.

ACKs for top commit:
  Sjors:
    tACK 0076bed
  jamesob:
    ACK 0076bed ([`jamesob/ackr/27412.1.brunoerg.logging_net_add_asn_from`](https://github.com/jamesob/bitcoin/tree/ackr/27412.1.brunoerg.logging_net_add_asn_from))
  achow101:
    ACK 0076bed

Tree-SHA512: c19cd11e8ab49962021f390459aadf6d33d221ae9a2c3df331a25d6865a8df470e2c8828f6e5219b8a887d6ab5b3450d34be9e26c00cca4d223b4ca64d51111b

Author: achow101

src/net.cpp

@@ -4708,6 +4708,11 @@ size_t CConnman::GetMaxOutboundOnionNodeCount()
     return m_max_outbound_onion;
 }
 
+uint32_t CConnman::GetMappedAS(const CNetAddr& addr) const
+{
+    return m_netgroupman.GetMappedAS(addr);
+}
+
 void CConnman::GetNodeStats(std::vector<CNodeStats>& vstats) const
 {
     vstats.clear();
@@ -4719,7 +4724,7 @@ void CConnman::GetNodeStats(std::vector<CNodeStats>& vstats) const
         }
         vstats.emplace_back();
         pnode->CopyStats(vstats.back());
-        vstats.back().m_mapped_as = m_netgroupman.GetMappedAS(pnode->addr);
+        vstats.back().m_mapped_as = GetMappedAS(pnode->addr);
     }
 }
 

src/net.h

@@ -1501,6 +1501,7 @@ friend class CNode;
     size_t GetNodeCount(ConnectionDirection) const;
     size_t GetMaxOutboundNodeCount();
     size_t GetMaxOutboundOnionNodeCount();
+    uint32_t GetMappedAS(const CNetAddr& addr) const;
     void GetNodeStats(std::vector<CNodeStats>& vstats) const;
     bool DisconnectNode(const std::string& node);
     bool DisconnectNode(const CSubNet& subnet);

src/net_processing.cpp

@@ -3741,10 +3741,11 @@ void PeerManagerImpl::ProcessMessage(
         if (fLogIPs)
             remoteAddr = ", peeraddr=" + pfrom.addr.ToStringAddrPort();
 
-        LogPrint(BCLog::NET, "receive version message: %s: version %d, blocks=%d, us=%s, txrelay=%d, peer=%d%s\n",
+        const auto mapped_as{m_connman.GetMappedAS(pfrom.addr)};
+        LogPrint(BCLog::NET, "receive version message: %s: version %d, blocks=%d, us=%s, txrelay=%d, peer=%d%s%s\n",
                   cleanSubVer, pfrom.nVersion,
                   peer->m_starting_height, addrMe.ToStringAddrPort(), fRelay, pfrom.GetId(),
-                  remoteAddr);
+                  remoteAddr, (mapped_as ? strprintf(", mapped_as=%d", mapped_as) : ""));
 
         int64_t nTimeOffset = nTime - GetTime();
         pfrom.nTimeOffset = nTimeOffset;
@@ -3780,7 +3781,9 @@ void PeerManagerImpl::ProcessMessage(
         // Log succesful connections unconditionally for outbound, but not for inbound as those
         // can be triggered by an attacker at high rate.
         if (!pfrom.IsInboundConn() || LogAcceptCategory(BCLog::NET, BCLog::Level::Debug)) {
-            LogPrintf("New %s %s peer connected: version: %d, blocks=%d, peer=%d%s\n",
+            const auto mapped_as{m_connman.GetMappedAS(pfrom.addr)};
+            LogPrintf("New %s %s %s peer connected: version: %d, blocks=%d, peer=%d%s\n",
+                      (mapped_as ? strprintf(", mapped_as=%d", mapped_as) : ""),
                       pfrom.ConnectionTypeAsString(),
                       TransportTypeAsString(pfrom.m_transport->GetInfo().transport_type),
                       pfrom.nVersion.load(), peer->m_starting_height,