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hardikSinghBehlhardikSinghBehl
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codebase/hibernate-stateless-session [BAEL-8322] (#18778)
* add domain entities * add main application entry * add test cases * explicitly enable cascade and lazy loading * improve indentation * add test cases for dirty checking * add test case for loading association eagerly using EntityGraph * refactor: update variable name
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‎persistence-modules/hibernate6/src/main/java/com/baeldung/statelesssession/Application.java

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package com.baeldung.statelesssession;
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import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
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import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
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@SpringBootApplication
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class Application {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
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}
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}

‎persistence-modules/hibernate6/src/main/java/com/baeldung/statelesssession/Article.java

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package com.baeldung.statelesssession;
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import jakarta.persistence.Column;
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import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
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import jakarta.persistence.FetchType;
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import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;
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import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType;
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import jakarta.persistence.Id;
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import jakarta.persistence.JoinColumn;
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import jakarta.persistence.ManyToOne;
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import jakarta.persistence.Table;
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@Entity
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@Table(name = "articles")
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class Article {
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@Id
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@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
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private Long id;
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@Column(nullable = false)
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private String title;
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@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
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@JoinColumn(name = "author_id", nullable = false)
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private Author author;
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public Long getId() {
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return id;
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}
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public String getTitle() {
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return title;
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}
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public void setTitle(String title) {
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this.title = title;
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}
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public Author getAuthor() {
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return author;
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}
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public void setAuthor(Author author) {
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this.author = author;
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}
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}

‎persistence-modules/hibernate6/src/main/java/com/baeldung/statelesssession/Author.java

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package com.baeldung.statelesssession;
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import jakarta.persistence.CascadeType;
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import jakarta.persistence.Column;
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import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
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import jakarta.persistence.FetchType;
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import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;
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import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType;
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import jakarta.persistence.Id;
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import jakarta.persistence.OneToMany;
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import jakarta.persistence.Table;
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import java.util.List;
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@Entity
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@Table(name = "authors")
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class Author {
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@Id
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@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
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private Long id;
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@Column(nullable = false)
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private String name;
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@OneToMany(mappedBy = "author", cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
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private List<Article> articles;
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public Long getId() {
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return id;
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}
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public String getName() {
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return name;
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}
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public void setName(String name) {
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this.name = name;
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}
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public List<Article> getArticles() {
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return articles;
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}
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public void setArticles(List<Article> articles) {
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this.articles = articles;
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}
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}

‎persistence-modules/hibernate6/src/test/java/com/baeldung/statelesssession/StatelessSessionIntegrationTest.java

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package com.baeldung.statelesssession;
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import jakarta.persistence.EntityGraph;
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import jakarta.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
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import net.bytebuddy.utility.RandomString;
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import org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException;
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import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
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import org.hibernate.StatelessSession;
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import org.hibernate.TransientObjectException;
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import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
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import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
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import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
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import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
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import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
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@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class)
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class StatelessSessionIntegrationTest {
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@Autowired
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private EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;
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@Test
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void whenInsertingEntityWithUnsavedReference_thenTransientObjectExceptionThrown() {
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SessionFactory sessionFactory = entityManagerFactory.unwrap(SessionFactory.class);
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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Author author = new Author();
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author.setName(RandomString.make());
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Article article = new Article();
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article.setTitle(RandomString.make());
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article.setAuthor(author);
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Exception exception = assertThrows(TransientObjectException.class, () -> {
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statelessSession.insert(article);
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});
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assertThat(exception.getMessage())
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.contains("object references an unsaved transient instance - save the transient instance before flushing");
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}
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}
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@Test
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void whenInsertingEntitiesInsideTransaction_thenEntitiesSavedSuccessfully() {
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SessionFactory sessionFactory = entityManagerFactory.unwrap(SessionFactory.class);
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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statelessSession.getTransaction().begin();
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Author author = new Author();
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author.setName(RandomString.make());
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statelessSession.insert(author);
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Article article = new Article();
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article.setTitle(RandomString.make());
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article.setAuthor(author);
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statelessSession.insert(article);
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statelessSession.getTransaction().commit();
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assertThat(author.getId())
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.isNotNull();
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assertThat(article.getId())
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.isNotNull();
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assertThat(article.getAuthor())
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.isEqualTo(author);
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}
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}
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@Test
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void whenCollectionAccessedLazily_thenLazyInitializationExceptionThrown() {
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SessionFactory sessionFactory = entityManagerFactory.unwrap(SessionFactory.class);
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Long authorId;
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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statelessSession.getTransaction().begin();
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Author author = new Author();
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author.setName(RandomString.make());
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statelessSession.insert(author);
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Article article = new Article();
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article.setTitle(RandomString.make());
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article.setAuthor(author);
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statelessSession.insert(article);
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statelessSession.getTransaction().commit();
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authorId = author.getId();
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}
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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Author author = statelessSession.get(Author.class, authorId);
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assertThat(author)
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.hasNoNullFieldsOrProperties();
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assertThrows(LazyInitializationException.class, () -> {
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author.getArticles().size();
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});
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}
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}
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@Test
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void whenRelatedEntityFetchedUsingJoin_thenCollectionLoadedEagerly() {
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SessionFactory sessionFactory = entityManagerFactory.unwrap(SessionFactory.class);
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Long authorId;
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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statelessSession.getTransaction().begin();
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Author author = new Author();
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author.setName(RandomString.make());
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statelessSession.insert(author);
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Article article = new Article();
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article.setTitle(RandomString.make());
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article.setAuthor(author);
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statelessSession.insert(article);
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statelessSession.getTransaction().commit();
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authorId = author.getId();
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}
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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Author author = statelessSession
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.createQuery(
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"SELECT a FROM Author a LEFT JOIN FETCH a.articles WHERE a.id = :id",
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Author.class)
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.setParameter("id", authorId)
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.getSingleResult();
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assertThat(author)
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.hasNoNullFieldsOrProperties();
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assertThat(author.getArticles())
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.isNotNull()
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.hasSize(1);
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}
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}
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@Test
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void whenRelatedEntityFetchedUsingEntityGraph_thenCollectionLoadedEagerly() {
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SessionFactory sessionFactory = entityManagerFactory.unwrap(SessionFactory.class);
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Long authorId;
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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statelessSession.getTransaction().begin();
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Author author = new Author();
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author.setName(RandomString.make());
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statelessSession.insert(author);
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Article article = new Article();
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article.setTitle(RandomString.make());
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article.setAuthor(author);
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statelessSession.insert(article);
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statelessSession.getTransaction().commit();
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authorId = author.getId();
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}
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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EntityGraph<Author> authorWithArticlesGraph = statelessSession.createEntityGraph(Author.class);
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authorWithArticlesGraph.addAttributeNodes("articles");
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Author author = statelessSession
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.createQuery("SELECT a FROM Author a WHERE a.id = :id", Author.class)
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.setParameter("id", authorId)
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.setHint("jakarta.persistence.fetchgraph", authorWithArticlesGraph)
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.getSingleResult();
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assertThat(author)
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.hasNoNullFieldsOrProperties();
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assertThat(author.getArticles())
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.isNotNull()
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.hasSize(1);
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}
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}
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@Test
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void whenSameEntityRetrievedMultipleTimes_thenDifferentInstancesReturned() {
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SessionFactory sessionFactory = entityManagerFactory.unwrap(SessionFactory.class);
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Long authorId;
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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statelessSession.getTransaction().begin();
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Author author = new Author();
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author.setName(RandomString.make());
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statelessSession.insert(author);
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statelessSession.getTransaction().commit();
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authorId = author.getId();
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}
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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Author author1 = statelessSession.get(Author.class, authorId);
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Author author2 = statelessSession.get(Author.class, authorId);
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assertThat(author1)
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.isNotSameAs(author2);
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}
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}
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@Test
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void whenEntityModifiedInStatelessSession_thenChangesNotAutomaticallyPersisted() {
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SessionFactory sessionFactory = entityManagerFactory.unwrap(SessionFactory.class);
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Long authorId;
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String originalName = RandomString.make();
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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statelessSession.getTransaction().begin();
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Author author = new Author();
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author.setName(originalName);
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statelessSession.insert(author);
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author.setName(RandomString.make());
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statelessSession.getTransaction().commit();
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authorId = author.getId();
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}
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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Author author = statelessSession.get(Author.class, authorId);
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assertThat(author.getName())
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.isEqualTo(originalName);
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}
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}
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@Test
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void whenEntityExplicitlyUpdated_thenChangesPersisted() {
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SessionFactory sessionFactory = entityManagerFactory.unwrap(SessionFactory.class);
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Long authorId;
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String newName = RandomString.make();
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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statelessSession.getTransaction().begin();
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Author author = new Author();
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author.setName(RandomString.make());
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statelessSession.insert(author);
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author.setName(newName);
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statelessSession.update(author);
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statelessSession.getTransaction().commit();
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authorId = author.getId();
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}
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try (StatelessSession statelessSession = sessionFactory.openStatelessSession()) {
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Author author = statelessSession.get(Author.class, authorId);
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assertThat(author.getName())
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.isEqualTo(newName);
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}
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}
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}

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