fix sprintf WIP

Author: fglock

src/main/java/org/perlonjava/operators/SprintfOperator.java

@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@ public class SprintfOperator {
 
     private static int charsWritten = 0;
 
+    // Maximum practical limit for width/precision to prevent memory issues
+    private static final int MAX_PRACTICAL_FORMAT_SIZE = 2000000000;
+
     /**
      * Formats the elements according to the specified format string.
      * <p>
@@ -64,7 +67,10 @@ public static RuntimeScalar sprintf(RuntimeScalar runtimeScalar, RuntimeList lis
                     (spec.precision != null && spec.precision == Integer.MAX_VALUE) ||
                     (spec.parameterIndex != null && spec.parameterIndex == Integer.MAX_VALUE) ||
                     (spec.widthArgIndex != null && spec.widthArgIndex == Integer.MAX_VALUE) ||
-                    (spec.precisionArgIndex != null && spec.precisionArgIndex == Integer.MAX_VALUE)) {
+                    (spec.precisionArgIndex != null && spec.precisionArgIndex == Integer.MAX_VALUE) ||
+                    // Check for impractically large width/precision values
+                    (spec.width != null && spec.width > MAX_PRACTICAL_FORMAT_SIZE) ||
+                    (spec.precision != null && spec.precision > MAX_PRACTICAL_FORMAT_SIZE)) {
                     throw new RuntimeException("Integer overflow in format string for sprintf ");
                 }
 

src/main/java/org/perlonjava/operators/sprintf/SprintfNumericFormatter.java

@@ -290,6 +290,12 @@ public String formatFloatingPoint(double value, String flags, int width,
             cleanFlags = cleanFlags.replace("0", "");
         }
 
+        // Java requires width when using - flag, but Perl doesn't
+        // Add a minimal width if - flag is present but width is 0
+        if (cleanFlags.contains("-") && width == 0) {
+            width = 1;  // Minimal width to satisfy Java's formatter
+        }
+
         // Special handling for %g to remove trailing zeros
         if ((conversion == 'g' || conversion == 'G')) {
             return formatGFloatingPoint(value, cleanFlags, width, precision, conversion);