Run tests in CI with address sanitizer (and maybe other sanitizers)

[rburing]

See e.g. godotengine/godot/platform/linuxbsd/detect.py for some compiler/linker flags like -fsanitize=address.

[fredrik-johansson]

Can confirm that compiling with -fsanitize=undefined,shift,shift-exponent,integer-divide-by-zero,unreachable,vla-bound,null,return,signed-integer-overflow,bounds,float-divide-by-zero,float-cast-overflow,nonnull-attribute,returns-nonnull-attribute,bool,enum,vptr,pointer-overflow,builtin and running tests makes for very interesting output.

[fredrik-johansson]

Perhaps we can add a ./configure option for this so that one does not have to set CFLAGS manually.