09_BuiltIns.ipynb

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   "source": [
    "# Builtins\n",
    "https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/methods/built-in"
   ]
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    "<table>\n",
    "  <thead>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <th>\n",
    "        Method </th>\n",
    "      <th>\n",
    "        Description </th>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "  </thead>\n",
    "  <tbody>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        abs() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns absolute value of a number </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        all()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns true when all elements in iterable is true</td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        any()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Checks if any Element of an Iterable is True</td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        ascii()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Returns String Containing Printable Representation </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        bin()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        converts integer to binary string </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        bool()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Coverts a Value to Boolean </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        bytearray()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns array of given byte size </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        bytes()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns immutable bytes object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        callable()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Checks if the Object is Callable </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        chr()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Returns a Character (a string) from an Integer</td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        classmethod()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns class method for given function </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        compile()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Returns a Python code object</td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        complex()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Creates a Complex Number </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        delattr()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Deletes Attribute From the Object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        dict()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Creates a Dictionary </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        dir()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Tries to Return Attributes of Object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        divmod()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Returns a Tuple of Quotient and Remainder </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        enumerate()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Returns an Enumerate Object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        eval()</td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Runs Python Code Within Program </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        exec() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Executes Dynamically Created Program </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        filter() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        constructs iterator from elements which are true </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        float() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns floating point number from number, string </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        format() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns formatted representation of a value </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        frozenset() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns immutable frozenset object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        getattr() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns value of named attribute of an object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        globals() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns dictionary of current global symbol table </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        hasattr() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns whether object has named attribute </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        hash() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns hash value of an object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        help() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Invokes the built-in Help System </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        hex() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Converts to Integer to Hexadecimal </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        id() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Returns Identify of an Object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        input() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        reads and returns a line of string </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        int() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns integer from a number or string </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        isinstance() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Checks if a Object is an Instance of Class </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        issubclass() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Checks if a Object is Subclass of a Class </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        iter() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns iterator for an object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        len() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Returns Length of an Object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        list() Function </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        creates list in Python </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        locals() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns dictionary of current local symbol table </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        map() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Applies Function and Returns a List </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        max() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns largest element </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        memoryview() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns memory view of an argument </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        min() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns smallest element </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        next() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Retrieves Next Element from Iterator </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        object() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Creates a Featureless Object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        oct() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        converts integer to octal </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        open() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Returns a File object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        ord() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns Unicode code point for Unicode character </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        pow() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns x to the power of y </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        print() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Prints the Given Object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        property() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns a property attribute </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        range() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        return sequence of integers between start and stop </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        repr() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns printable representation of an object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        reversed() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns reversed iterator of a sequence </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        round() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        rounds a floating point number to ndigits places. </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        set() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns a Python set </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        setattr() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        sets value of an attribute of object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        slice() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        creates a slice object specified by range() </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        sorted() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns sorted list from a given iterable </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        staticmethod() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        creates static method from a function </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        str() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        returns informal representation of an object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        sum() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Add items of an Iterable </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        super() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Allow you to Refer Parent Class by super </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td> tuple() Function </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Creates a Tuple </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        type() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Returns Type of an Object </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        vars() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Returns __dict__ attribute of a class </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        zip() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Returns an Iterator of Tuples </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "    <tr>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        __import__() </td>\n",
    "      <td>\n",
    "        Advanced Function Called by import </td>\n",
    "    </tr>\n",
    "  </tbody>\n",
    "</table>\n"
   ]
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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(abs(-1))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# all values true\n",
    "l = [1, 3, 4, 5]\n",
    "print(all(l))\n",
    "\n",
    "# all values false\n",
    "l = [0, False]\n",
    "print(all(l))\n",
    "\n",
    "# one false value\n",
    "l = [1, 3, 4, 0]\n",
    "print(all(l))\n",
    "\n",
    "# one true value\n",
    "l = [0, False, 5]\n",
    "print(all(l))\n",
    "\n",
    "# empty iterable\n",
    "l = []\n",
    "print(all(l))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "l = [1, 3, 4, 0]\n",
    "print(any(l))\n",
    "\n",
    "l = [0, False]\n",
    "print(any(l))\n",
    "\n",
    "l = [0, False, 5]\n",
    "print(any(l))\n",
    "\n",
    "l = []\n",
    "print(any(l))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "normalText = 'Python'\n",
    "print(ascii(normalText))\n",
    "\n",
    "otherText = 'Pythön'\n",
    "print(ascii(otherText))\n",
    "\n",
    "print('Pyth\\xf6n')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(bin(2))\n",
    "print(bin(11))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(bool(0))\n",
    "print(bool(1))\n",
    "print(bool(-1))\n",
    "print(bool(123))\n",
    "print(bool(None))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "string = \"Python is interesting.\"\n",
    "\n",
    "# string with encoding 'utf-8'\n",
    "arr = bytearray(string, 'utf-8')\n",
    "print(arr)\n",
    "\n",
    "my_val = [1, 2, 3]\n",
    "\n",
    "# string with encoding 'utf-8'\n",
    "val_arr = bytearray(str(my_val), 'utf-8')\n",
    "print(val_arr)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "source": [
    "# KeyWords"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from keyword import kwlist\n",
    "print(kwlist)"
   ]
  }
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