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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="author" content="Matt Makai">
<meta name="description" content="Python 可以通过分析、可视化、持久化来处理数据。到 Full Stack Python 上学习更多相关知识。">
<title>数据 - Full Stack Python</title>
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<h1>数据</h1>
<p>虽然数据是一个极其庞大的主题，但它可以细分成许多的子主题，包括（排序不分先后）：</p>
<ul>
<li>数据处理</li>
<li>机器学习</li>
<li>数据分析</li>
<li>可视化</li>
<li>地理空间映射</li>
<li>通过 <a href="/databases.html">关系型数据库</a> 和 <a href="/no-sql-datastore.html">NoSQL 数据存储</a> 进行持久化</li>
<li><a href="/object-relational-mappers-orms.html">对象-关系 映射器</a></li>
<li>自然语言处理 (NLP)</li>
<li>索引，搜索和提取</li>
</ul>
<p>针对以上的所有主题， Python 社区已经创建并将持续创建大量的开源库和教程资料。</p>
<h2>为什么说 Python 是一门处理数据任务的好语言？</h2>
<p>Python 有着广泛的开源代码库，它的社区成员来自各行各业，具有不同的行业背景，他们的贡献使得这些库变得日益精良。</p>
<p>另外， Python 处理数据的相关代码能和 <a href="/web-frameworks.html">Web 框架</a> 及 <a href="/application-programming-interfaces.html">Web API</a> 结合，从而创建一些很难用其它语言创建的软件。例如，Ruby 对于创建 Web 应用来说是一门极好的语言，但是它的数据分析和可视化的相关库，相比于 Python 生态系统的当前状况，会显得相当匮乏。</p>
<h2>Python 基于数据的应用为何变得如此广泛？</h2>
<p>Python 是一门通用编程语言，它适用于很多的问题领域。在过去的几十年中， Python 在科学和金融社区中变得越来越流行。那些项目，像 <a href="http://pandas.pydata.org/">pandas</a> 已经成长为一个由对冲基金赞助的项目了，而 <a href="http://www.numpy.org/">NumPy</a> 和 <a href="http://www.scipy.org/">SciPy</a> 都是在学术环境中创建的，之后的改进由更广大的开源社区进行。</p>
<p>问题是：为什么使用 Python 来创建这些项目？答案是运气和开源社区的成长皆而有之：随着 Python 的成熟，那些没有按计算机科学家的标准通过正式培训的人也能开始使用了。它的实效型语法和显式方式，使得那些没有编程背景知识的高智商的人们能够立即拾起这门语言，以相比于其它编程语言更加自然的方式完成他们自己的工作，而正是这种广泛采用促进了社区的发展。随着时间的推移，在金融界和科学社区中使用的这些代码被共享了出来，与此同时，全球的开源社区也正在蓬勃发展，这进一步促进了它在更多的软件开发者中的流行和使用。</p>
<p>在 Python 被广泛用于处理所有类型的数据的背后，毫无疑问有这样的因素：它恰好是那个地点那个时间最合适的那门语言。尽管如此，创建如今这么多的数据处理代码库，对于全球范围内的大量工程师和科学家来说，也是一项相当艰巨的工作。</p>
<h3>通用 Python 数据相关的资源</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="http://pydata.org/">PyData</a> 是一个 Python 数据工具的开发者和用户社区。他们在世界各地开展精彩的会议，并资助开源的数据相关的库进行持续开发。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://continuum.io/">Continuum Analytics</a> 是著名的 Python 公司之一，它将大量的时间和金钱投入到了数据领域。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://nbviewer.ipython.org/gist/rpmuller/5920182">针对科学家的 Python 速成课程</a> 使用 iPython Notebook 为科学领域的人们提供了 Python 语言的概要阐述。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Travis Oliphant 在他的两个视频 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXRvpBJ-Dkc">Python 在大数据分析中的角色：过去、现在和将来</a> 及 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d9Qm3PPoYNQ">创建 PyData 社区</a>中，根据他作为该社区的领导者和成员的亲身体验，以历史的角度讲述了 Python 数据工具在过去的 20 年中是如何演化的。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>有关 Python 和数据你还想学习其它哪些知识？</h3>
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<p class="under-btn">告诉我有关标准关系型数据库的知识。</p> </div>
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<p class="under-btn">那些时髦的开发者一直谈论的 NoSQL 数据存储到底是什么？</p> </div>
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<p class="under-btn">为什么说 Python 是一门不错的编程语言？</p> </div>
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<a href="/introduction.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>1. 简介</a><a href="/learning-programming.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>学习编程</a><a href="/why-use-python.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>为什么用 Python？</a><a href="/python-2-or-3.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>Python 2 还是 3？</a><a href="/enterprise-python.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>企业 Python</a><a href="/python-community.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>Python Community</a><a href="/best-python-podcasts.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>Best Python Podcasts</a><a href="/best-python-resources.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>最佳 Python 资源</a><a href="/best-python-videos.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>最佳 Python 视频</a><a href="/development-environments.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>2. 开发环境</a><a href="/vim.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>Vim</a><a href="/emacs.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>Emacs</a><a href="/python-programming-language.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>3. 核心语言</a><a href="/generators.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>生成器</a><a href="/comprehensions.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>推导式</a><a href="/web-development.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>4. 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Web APIs</a><a href="/api-integration.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>API 集成</a><a href="/api-creation.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>API 的创建</a><a href="/twilio.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>Twilio</a><a href="/deployment.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;'>7. 部署</a><a href="/servers.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>服务器</a><a href="/platform-as-a-service.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>平台即服务（PaaS）</a><a href="/operating-systems.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; padding-left:27px'>操作系统</a><a href="/web-servers.html" class="list-group-item smaller-item" style='font-family: "Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; 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