added counting sort

Author: Shruti Shree

Sorting/countingsort.py

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+class CountingSort:
+    def __init__(self, array):
+        self.array = array
+
+    def sort(self):
+        if not self.array:
+            return []
+
+        # Find the maximum and minimum values
+        max_val = max(self.array)
+        min_val = min(self.array)
+        range_of_elements = max_val - min_val + 1
+
+        # Initialize the count array
+        count = [0] * range_of_elements
+        output = [0] * len(self.array)
+
+        # Count occurrences
+        for num in self.array:
+            count[num - min_val] += 1
+
+        # Update count array to store cumulative sums
+        for i in range(1, len(count)):
+            count[i] += count[i - 1]
+
+        # Build the output array
+        for num in reversed(self.array):
+            output[count[num - min_val] - 1] = num
+            count[num - min_val] -= 1
+
+        # Copy sorted elements back to original array
+        self.array[:] = output
+
+    def get_sorted_array(self):
+        return self.array
+
+
+# Example Usage:
+arr = [4, 2, 2, 8, 3, 3, 1]
+cs = CountingSort(arr)
+cs.sort()
+print("Sorted Array:", cs.get_sorted_array())