On the Role of Low-Level Visual Features in EEG-Based Image Reconstruction

Official implementation of "On the Role of Low-Level Visual Features in EEG-Based Image Reconstruction" .

1. Preparing the Virtual Environment

Using conda (recommended)

conda env create -f environment.yml
conda activate BCI

Install required packages

pip install wandb
pip install einops
pip install open_clip_torch
pip install transformers==4.28.0.dev0
pip install diffusers==0.24.0
pip install braindecode==0.8.1

2. Downloading Data

In this study, we directly used the preprocessed EEG data and the VAE latents provided by [Li et al.](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.07721#:~:text=In%20this%20study%2C%20we%20present%20an%20end-to-end[...] which can be downloaded on their Huggingface. The raw visual stimuli can be downloaded on OSF.

Data Structure

After downloading, your data directories should look like:

EEG_data/
├── sub-01/
│   ├── preprocessed_eeg_training.npy
│   ├── preprocessed_eeg_test.npy
├── sub-02/
│   ├── preprocessed_eeg_training.npy
│   ├── preprocessed_eeg_test.npy

3. Training

Quick Start

High-level pipeline

# First modify the Config file to speficy data folders
vi data_config.json

# Train the stage-1 high-level models for the 10 subjects
bash EEG_stage1_highlevel.sh --gpu 0 --data_path [your EEG path]

# Train the stage-2 diffusion models for the 10 subjects
bash EEG_stage2_highlevel.sh --gpu 0 --data_path [your EEG path] --save_model

Low-level pipeline

bash EEG_stage1_lowlevel.sh --gpu 0 --data_path [your EEG path] --save_model

4. Metric Computation

Evaluation on Test Datasets

These scripts will create csv files that store the configuration and the metric values across models and subjects. And the first 30 reconstructions will also be saved.

# Low-level reconstruction
bash EEG_lowlevel_metrics.sh

# High-level reconstruction
bash EEG_highlevel_metrics.sh

# Two-level reconstruction
bash EEG_final_metrics.sh

Citation

The paper for this code has been published. Please cite the published version (DOI: 10.1109/MLSP62443.2025.11204210) when using this code or the reported results.

Suggested citation (plain text):

On the Role of Low-Level Visual Features in EEG-Based Image Reconstruction. Junkai Yang, Arno Onken, 2025. IEEE MLSP. DOI: 10.1109/MLSP62443.2025.11204210

BibTeX template for this work (published):

@inproceedings{yang2025_lowlevel_eeg,
  title = {On the Role of Low-Level Visual Features in EEG-Based Image Reconstruction},
  author = {Yang, J. and Coauthor, A. and Coauthor, B.},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing (MLSP)},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.1109/MLSP62443.2025.11204210},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/MLSP62443.2025.11204210},
  note = {Code: https://github.com/jyang635/EEG_decoding}
}

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

Contact

For questions or issues, please:

• Open an issue on GitHub
• Contact: [[email protected]]