capture_jpeg() does not return an image #32
Description
Hey! I was looking for something that uses the picamera2 and streams images. I found your beautiful codebase! Thanks for making this - and open-source! :-)
The scenario is the following: I let it run on a raspberry pi zero and stream images, once in a while I want to get (raw) images from the camera for hologram reconstruction. Students should do that through a statically hosted jupyter notebook (e.g. https://youseetoo.github.io/jupyter). Here, I cannot install the labthings fastapi due to some missing wheels it seems, hence I wanted to work with requests only. I wanted to retreive the image via the swagger ui, which produces a valid response, but no image:
<span style="color: rgb(59, 65, 81); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><div class="opblock opblock-get is-open" id="operations-default-list_invocations_camera_capture_jpeg_get" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(97, 175, 254); border-radius: 4px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19) 0px 0px 3px; margin: 0px 0px 15px; background: rgba(97, 175, 254, 0.1);"><div class="no-margin" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: none; height: auto; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div class="opblock-body" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="responses-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="responses-inner" style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 20px;">
[ { "status": "pending", "id": "3fa85f64-5717-4562-b3fc-2c963f66afa6", "action": "string", "href": "string", "timeStarted": "2025-06-02T06:33:33.877Z", "timeRequested": "2025-06-02T06:33:33.877Z", "timeCompleted": "2025-06-02T06:33:33.877Z", "input": { "resolution": "main", "wait": 0.9 }, "output": { "additionalProp1": "string", "additionalProp2": "string", "additionalProp3": "string" }, "log": [ { "message": "string", "levelname": "string", "levelno": 0, "lineno": 0, "filename": "string", "created": "2025-06-02T06:33:33.877Z" } ], "links": [ { "href": "string", "type": "string", "rel": "string", "anchor": "string", "additionalProp1": {} } ] } ] | No links
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</div></div></div></div></div></span><span style="color: rgb(59, 65, 81); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><div class="opblock opblock-post" id="operations-default-start_action_camera_capture_jpeg_post" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(73, 204, 144); border-radius: 4px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19) 0px 0px 3px; margin: 0px 0px 15px; background: rgba(73, 204, 144, 0.1);"><div class="opblock-summary opblock-summary-post" style="box-sizing: border-box; align-items: center; cursor: pointer; display: flex; padding: 5px; border-color: rgb(73, 204, 144);"><button aria-expanded="false" class="opblock-summary-control" style="color-scheme: inherit; forced-color-adjust: inherit; mask: inherit; math-depth: inherit; position: inherit; position-anchor: inherit; text-size-adjust: inherit; appearance: inherit; color: inherit; font: inherit; font-palette: inherit; font-synthesis: inherit; position-area: inherit; text-orientation: inherit; text-rendering: inherit; text-spacing-trim: inherit; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; -webkit-locale: inherit; -webkit-text-orientation: inherit; -webkit-writing-mode: inherit; writing-mode: inherit; zoom: inherit; accent-color: inherit; place-content: inherit; place-items: inherit; place-self: inherit; alignment-baseline: inherit; anchor-name: inherit; anchor-scope: inherit; animation-composition: inherit; animation: inherit; app-region: inherit; aspect-ratio: inherit; backdrop-filter: inherit; backface-visibility: inherit; background: inherit; background-blend-mode: inherit; baseline-shift: inherit; baseline-source: inherit; block-size: inherit; border-block: inherit; border-bottom: 0px; border-radius: inherit; 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counter-set: inherit; cursor: inherit; cx: inherit; cy: inherit; d: inherit; display: inherit; dominant-baseline: inherit; dynamic-range-limit: inherit; empty-cells: inherit; field-sizing: inherit; fill: inherit; fill-opacity: inherit; fill-rule: inherit; filter: inherit; flex: 1 1 0%; flex-flow: inherit; float: inherit; flood-color: inherit; flood-opacity: inherit; grid: inherit; grid-area: inherit; height: inherit; hyphenate-character: inherit; hyphenate-limit-chars: inherit; hyphens: inherit; image-orientation: inherit; image-rendering: inherit; initial-letter: inherit; inline-size: inherit; inset-block: inherit; inset-inline: inherit; interpolate-size: inherit; isolation: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; lighting-color: inherit; line-break: inherit; list-style: inherit; margin-block: inherit; margin: inherit; margin-inline: inherit; marker: inherit; mask-type: inherit; math-shift: inherit; math-style: inherit; max-block-size: inherit; max-height: inherit; max-inline-size: inherit; max-width: inherit; min-block-size: inherit; min-height: inherit; min-inline-size: inherit; min-width: inherit; mix-blend-mode: inherit; object-fit: inherit; object-position: inherit; object-view-box: inherit; offset: inherit; opacity: inherit; order: inherit; orphans: inherit; outline: inherit; outline-offset: inherit; overflow-anchor: inherit; overflow-block: inherit; overflow-clip-margin: inherit; overflow-inline: inherit; overflow-wrap: inherit; overflow: inherit; overlay: inherit; overscroll-behavior-block: inherit; overscroll-behavior-inline: inherit; overscroll-behavior: inherit; padding-block: inherit; padding: 0px; padding-inline: inherit; page: inherit; page-orientation: inherit; paint-order: inherit; perspective: inherit; perspective-origin: inherit; pointer-events: inherit; position-try: inherit; position-visibility: inherit; print-color-adjust: inherit; quotes: inherit; r: inherit; resize: inherit; rotate: inherit; ruby-align: inherit; ruby-position: inherit; rx: inherit; ry: inherit; scale: inherit; scroll-behavior: inherit; scroll-initial-target: inherit; scroll-margin-block: inherit; scroll-margin: inherit; scroll-margin-inline: inherit; scroll-marker-group: inherit; scroll-padding-block: inherit; scroll-padding: inherit; scroll-padding-inline: inherit; scroll-snap-align: inherit; scroll-snap-stop: inherit; scroll-snap-type: inherit; scroll-timeline: inherit; scrollbar-color: inherit; scrollbar-gutter: inherit; scrollbar-width: inherit; shape-image-threshold: inherit; shape-margin: inherit; shape-outside: inherit; shape-rendering: inherit; size: inherit; speak: inherit; stop-color: inherit; stop-opacity: inherit; stroke: inherit; stroke-dasharray: inherit; stroke-dashoffset: inherit; stroke-linecap: inherit; stroke-linejoin: inherit; stroke-miterlimit: inherit; stroke-opacity: inherit; stroke-width: inherit; tab-size: inherit; table-layout: inherit; text-align: inherit; text-align-last: inherit; text-anchor: inherit; text-box: inherit; text-combine-upright: inherit; 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-webkit-rtl-ordering: inherit; -webkit-ruby-position: inherit; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: inherit; -webkit-text-combine: inherit; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: inherit; -webkit-text-fill-color: inherit; -webkit-text-security: inherit; -webkit-text-stroke: inherit; -webkit-user-drag: inherit; white-space-collapse: inherit; widows: inherit; width: inherit; will-change: inherit; word-break: inherit; word-spacing: inherit; x: inherit; y: inherit; z-index: inherit;"><span class="opblock-summary-method" style="background: rgb(73, 204, 144); border-radius: 3px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; min-width: 80px; padding: 6px 0px; text-align: center; text-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) 0px 1px 0px;">POST</span><div class="opblock-summary-path-description-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; align-items: center; display: flex; flex-flow: wrap; flex-grow: 1; gap: 0px 10px; padding: 0px 10px;"><span class="opblock-summary-path" data-path="/camera/capture_jpeg" style="align-items: center; color: rgb(59, 65, 81); display: flex; font-family: monospace; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; word-break: break-word; flex-shrink: 1;"><a class="nostyle" href="http://100.88.140.127:5000/docs#/default/start_action_camera_capture_jpeg_post" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; color: inherit; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: inherit;"><span>/camera<wbr>/capture_jpeg</span></a></span><div class="opblock-summary-description" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(59, 65, 81); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; word-break: break-word;">Acquire one image from the camera as a JPEG</div></div></button><div class="view-line-link copy-to-clipboard" title="Copy to clipboard" style="box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; margin: 0px; position: static; top: 2px; transition: 0.5s; width: 0px; align-items: center; background: rgb(125, 130, 147); border: none; border-radius: 4px; bottom: 10px; display: flex; height: 26px; justify-content: center; right: 100px;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 15 16" width="15" height="16" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><g transform="translate(2, -1)"><path fill="#ffffff" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2 13h4v1H2v-1zm5-6H2v1h5V7zm2 3V8l-3 3 3 3v-2h5v-2H9zM4.5 9H2v1h2.5V9zM2 12h2.5v-1H2v1zm9 1h1v2c-.02.28-.11.52-.3.7-.19.18-.42.28-.7.3H1c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1V4c0-.55.45-1 1-1h3c0-1.11.89-2 2-2 1.11 0 2 .89 2 2h3c.55 0 1 .45 1 1v5h-1V6H1v9h10v-2zM2 5h8c0-.55-.45-1-1-1H8c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1s-.45-1-1-1-1 .45-1 1-.45 1-1 1H3c-.55 0-1 .45-1 1z"></path></g></svg></div><button aria-label="post /camera/capture_jpeg" class="opblock-control-arrow" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="-1" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; text-transform: none; appearance: button; cursor: pointer; background: none; border: none; text-align: center;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 20 20" class="arrow" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M17.418 6.109c.272-.268.709-.268.979 0s.271.701 0 .969l-7.908 7.83c-.27.268-.707.268-.979 0l-7.908-7.83c-.27-.268-.27-.701 0-.969.271-.268.709-.268.979 0L10 13.25l7.418-7.141z"></path></svg></button></div></div></span><span style="color: rgb(59, 65, 81); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><div class="opblock opblock-get" id="operations-default-get_property_camera_capture_metadata_get" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(97, 175, 254); border-radius: 4px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19) 0px 0px 3px; margin: 0px 0px 15px; background: rgba(97, 175, 254, 0.1);"><div class="opblock-summary opblock-summary-get" style="box-sizing: border-box; align-items: center; cursor: pointer; display: flex; padding: 5px; border-color: rgb(97, 175, 254);"><button aria-expanded="false" class="opblock-summary-control" style="color-scheme: inherit; forced-color-adjust: inherit; mask: inherit; math-depth: inherit; position: inherit; position-anchor: inherit; text-size-adjust: inherit; appearance: inherit; color: inherit; font: inherit; font-palette: inherit; font-synthesis: inherit; position-area: inherit; text-orientation: inherit; text-rendering: inherit; text-spacing-trim: inherit; -webkit-font-smoothing: inherit; -webkit-locale: inherit; -webkit-text-orientation: inherit; -webkit-writing-mode: inherit; writing-mode: inherit; zoom: inherit; accent-color: inherit; place-content: inherit; place-items: inherit; place-self: inherit; alignment-baseline: inherit; anchor-name: inherit; anchor-scope: inherit; animation-composition: inherit; animation: inherit; app-region: inherit; aspect-ratio: inherit; backdrop-filter: inherit; backface-visibility: inherit; background: inherit; background-blend-mode: inherit; baseline-shift: inherit; baseline-source: inherit; block-size: inherit; border-block: inherit; border-bottom: 0px; border-radius: inherit; border-collapse: inherit; border-end-end-radius: inherit; border-end-start-radius: inherit; border-image: inherit; border-inline: inherit; border-left: inherit; border-right: inherit; border-start-end-radius: inherit; border-start-start-radius: inherit; border-top: inherit; inset: inherit; box-decoration-break: inherit; box-shadow: inherit; box-sizing: inherit; break-after: inherit; break-before: inherit; break-inside: inherit; buffered-rendering: inherit; caption-side: inherit; caret-color: inherit; clear: inherit; clip: inherit; clip-path: inherit; clip-rule: inherit; color-interpolation: inherit; color-interpolation-filters: inherit; color-rendering: inherit; columns: inherit; column-fill: inherit; gap: inherit; column-rule: inherit; column-span: inherit; contain: inherit; contain-intrinsic-block-size: inherit; contain-intrinsic-size: inherit; contain-intrinsic-inline-size: inherit; container: inherit; content: inherit; content-visibility: inherit; counter-increment: inherit; counter-reset: inherit; counter-set: inherit; cursor: inherit; cx: inherit; cy: inherit; d: inherit; display: inherit; dominant-baseline: inherit; dynamic-range-limit: inherit; empty-cells: inherit; field-sizing: inherit; fill: inherit; fill-opacity: inherit; fill-rule: inherit; filter: inherit; flex: 1 1 0%; flex-flow: inherit; float: inherit; flood-color: inherit; flood-opacity: inherit; grid: inherit; grid-area: inherit; height: inherit; hyphenate-character: inherit; hyphenate-limit-chars: inherit; hyphens: inherit; image-orientation: inherit; image-rendering: inherit; initial-letter: inherit; inline-size: inherit; inset-block: inherit; inset-inline: inherit; interpolate-size: inherit; isolation: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; lighting-color: inherit; line-break: inherit; list-style: inherit; margin-block: inherit; margin: inherit; margin-inline: inherit; marker: inherit; mask-type: inherit; math-shift: inherit; math-style: inherit; max-block-size: inherit; max-height: inherit; max-inline-size: inherit; max-width: inherit; min-block-size: inherit; 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-webkit-tap-highlight-color: inherit; -webkit-text-combine: inherit; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: inherit; -webkit-text-fill-color: inherit; -webkit-text-security: inherit; -webkit-text-stroke: inherit; -webkit-user-drag: inherit; white-space-collapse: inherit; widows: inherit; width: inherit; will-change: inherit; word-break: inherit; word-spacing: inherit; x: inherit; y: inherit; z-index: inherit;"><span class="opblock-summary-method" style="background: rgb(97, 175, 254); border-radius: 3px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; min-width: 80px; padding: 6px 0px; text-align: center; text-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) 0px 1px 0px;">GET</span><div class="opblock-summary-path-description-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; align-items: center; display: flex; flex-flow: wrap; flex-grow: 1; gap: 0px 10px; padding: 0px 10px;"><span class="opblock-summary-path" data-path="/camera/capture_metadata" style="align-items: center; color: rgb(59, 65, 81); display: flex; font-family: monospace; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; word-break: break-word; flex-shrink: 1;"><a class="nostyle" href="http://100.88.140.127:5000/docs#/default/get_property_camera_capture_metadata_get" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; color: inherit; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: inherit;"><span>/camera<wbr>/capture_metadata</span></a></span><div class="opblock-summary-description" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(59, 65, 81); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; word-break: break-word;">Return the metadata from the camera</div></div></button><div class="view-line-link copy-to-clipboard" title="Copy to clipboard" style="box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; margin: 0px; position: static; top: 2px; transition: 0.5s; width: 0px; align-items: center; background: rgb(125, 130, 147); border: none; border-radius: 4px; bottom: 10px; display: flex; height: 26px; justify-content: center; right: 100px;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 15 16" width="15" height="16" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><g transform="translate(2, -1)"><path fill="#ffffff" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2 13h4v1H2v-1zm5-6H2v1h5V7zm2 3V8l-3 3 3 3v-2h5v-2H9zM4.5 9H2v1h2.5V9zM2 12h2.5v-1H2v1zm9 1h1v2c-.02.28-.11.52-.3.7-.19.18-.42.28-.7.3H1c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1V4c0-.55.45-1 1-1h3c0-1.11.89-2 2-2 1.11 0 2 .89 2 2h3c.55 0 1 .45 1 1v5h-1V6H1v9h10v-2zM2 5h8c0-.55-.45-1-1-1H8c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1s-.45-1-1-1-1 .45-1 1-.45 1-1 1H3c-.55 0-1 .45-1 1z"></path></g></svg></div><button aria-label="get /camera/capture_metadata" class="opblock-control-arrow" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="-1" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; text-transform: none; appearance: button; cursor: pointer; background: none; border: none; text-align: center;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 20 20" class="arrow" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M17.418 6.109c.272-.268.709-.268.979 0s.271.701 0 .969l-7.908 7.83c-.27.268-.707.268-.979 0l-7.908-7.83c-.27-.268-.27-.701 0-.969.271-.268.709-.268.979 0L10 13.25l7.418-7.141z"></path></svg></button></div></div></span><span style="color: rgb(59, 65, 81); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><div class="opblock opblock-get" id="operations-default-list_invocations_camera_capture_raw_get" style="box-sizing: border-box; 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{
"status": "pending",
"id": "3fa85f64-5717-4562-b3fc-2c963f66afa6",
"action": "string",
"href": "string",
"timeStarted": "2025-06-02T06:33:33.877Z",
"timeRequested": "2025-06-02T06:33:33.877Z",
"timeCompleted": "2025-06-02T06:33:33.877Z",
"input": {
"resolution": "main",
"wait": 0.9
},
"output": {
"additionalProp1": "string",
"additionalProp2": "string",
"additionalProp3": "string"
},
"log": [
{
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"created": "2025-06-02T06:33:33.877Z"
}
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{
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]First question now: Is this intentianally? I'm working with the latest version from Github and don't seem to get any errors on the server side. Looking into the JPEGBlob return type I should be able to get a JPEG image, right? the following code produces an error:
import io
import requests
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
def capture_jpeg_numpy(
host: str = "http://100.88.140.127:5000",
resolution: str = "main",
timeout: float = 2.0,
) -> np.ndarray:
"""
Download a JPEG from the Pi-camera service and return it as a NumPy array (H, W, 3).
"""
url = f"{host.rstrip('/')}/camera/capture_jpeg"
r = requests.post(url, json={"resolution": resolution}, timeout=timeout)
r.raise_for_status()
return np.array(Image.open(io.BytesIO(r.content)))
if __name__ == "__main__":
img = capture_jpeg_numpy()
print(img.shape, img.dtype)The error states - it'S not an image - surprise ;-)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
UnidentifiedImageError Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[3], line 17
14 r = requests.post(url, json={"resolution": resolution}, timeout=timeout)
15 r.raise_for_status()
---> 17 img = np.array(Image.open(io.BytesIO(r.content)))
20 img = capture_jpeg_numpy()
21 print(img.shape, img.dtype)
File ~/mambaforge/envs/imswitch311/lib/python3.11/site-packages/PIL/Image.py:3536, in open(fp, mode, formats)
3534 warnings.warn(message)
3535 msg = "cannot identify image file %r" % (filename if filename else fp)
-> 3536 raise UnidentifiedImageError(msg)
UnidentifiedImageError: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x10997fc90>I guess I'll do something obviously wrong, maybe you know the cause already? :)
CC: @julianstirling