默认 k8s 集群安装后配置的 kubectl 客户端拥有所有的管理权限,而有时候我们需要把只读权限分发给普通开发人员,本文档将创建一个只读权限的kubectl 配置文档 kubeconfig。
- 执行如下命令成功后查看/root/.kube/read.config 即为只读权限
ansible-playbook /etc/ansible/roles/deploy/deploy.yml -t create_ro_kctl_cfg -e CREATE_READONLY_KUBECONFIG=true
- 验证只读权限
$ kubectl --kubeconfig=/root/.kube/read.config get deploy -n kube-system
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
coredns 2/2 2 2 13d
dashboard-metrics-scraper 1/1 1 1 13d
kubernetes-dashboard 1/1 1 1 13d
metrics-server 1/1 1 1 13d
traefik-ingress-controller 1/1 1 1 13d
$ kubectl --kubeconfig=/root/.kube/read.config delete deploy kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
Error from server (Forbidden): deployments.apps "kubernetes-dashboard" is forbidden: User "read" cannot delete resource "deployments" in API group "apps" in the namespace "kube-system"
对照文件/etc/ansible/roles/deploy/tasks/create-ro-kubeconfig.yml
,创建主要包括三个步骤:
- 创建 group:read rbac 权限
- 创建 read 用户证书和私钥
- 创建 kubeconfig
所有权限控制魔法在k8s
中由rbac
实现,所谓read
权限类似于集群自带的clusterrole view
,具体查看:
kubectl get clusterrole view -o yaml
read
权限配置roles/deploy/files/read-group-rbac.yaml
是在clusterrole view
基础上增加了若干读权限(Nodes/Persistent Volume Claims)
准备 read 证书请求:read-csr.json
{
"CN": "read",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"ST": "HangZhou",
"L": "XS",
"O": "group:read",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
- 注意: O
group:read
,kube-apiserver 收到该证书后将请求的 Group 设置为group:read
;之前步骤创建的 ClusterRoleBindingread-clusterrole-binding
将 Groupgroup:read
与 ClusterRoleread-clusterrole
绑定,从而实现只读权限。
kubeconfig 为与apiserver交互使用的认证配置文件,如脚本步骤需要:
- 设置集群参数,指定CA证书和apiserver地址
- 设置客户端认证参数,指定使用read证书和私钥
- 设置上下文参数,指定使用cluster集群和用户read
- 设置指定默认上下文
创建完成后生成配置文件为/root/.kube/read.config
,可以将该文件发给只读权限的普通用户