diff --git a/.devcontainer/car.py b/.devcontainer/car.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b371ee3b --- /dev/null +++ b/.devcontainer/car.py @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +#car +#Yuzhe Zheng +# +#guess the price of car +print("Guess the price and win the prize!") +n = 0# initialized the value +while True: + n += 1# increment + price = int(input("Enter your guess:")) + if price == 44500 and n <= 5:# take 5 times and guess correctly, win + print("It took",n, "guesses.") + print("You won the car!") + break + if price == 44500 and n > 5:# although got correct answer, but still lose + print("It took",n, "guesses.") + print("Too many guesses!") + break + + if price > 44500:# to see if the answer is too high or too low + print("Too high!") + if price < 44500: + print("Too low!") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/22_Feb_class.py b/22_Feb_class.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..5e7a0073 --- /dev/null +++ b/22_Feb_class.py @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +# #tsv_2_csv.py + + +# filename = input("INput filename: ") +# infile = open(filename) +# filename = input("Result filename: ") +# outfile = open("filename","w") + +# for line in infile: +# line.strip() +# line = line.replace("\t",",") + +# print(line) +# line += "\n" +# outfile.write(line) + + +# tsv or csv + +filename = input("filename: ") +if filename[-4:] == ".csv": + csv = True +else: + csv = False + +infile = open(filename) + +#get values to keep and put in list +outlines = [] +keep = input("Column to keep") +index = int(keep) - 1 + +for line in infile: + line = line.rstrip("\n") + if csv: + cols = line.split(",") + else: + cols = line.split("\t") + value = cols[index] + outlines.append(value) + +filename = input("Ourfilename: ") +outfile = open(filename,"w") +print(line) + + diff --git a/Alice.txt b/Alice.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9b5bc62a --- /dev/null +++ b/Alice.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3404 @@ +# Project Gutenberg's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll +# +# This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +# almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +# re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +# with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org +# +# +# Title: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland +# +# Author: Lewis Carroll +# +# Posting Date: June 25, 2008 [EBook #11] +# Release Date: March, 1994 +# [Last updated: December 20, 2011] +# +# Language: English +# +# Character set encoding: ASCII +# +# *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ALICE'S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND *** +# +# +# +# +# +# +# +# +# +# +ALICE'S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND + +Lewis Carroll + +THE MILLENNIUM FULCRUM EDITION 3.0 + + + + +CHAPTER I. Down the Rabbit-Hole + +Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the +bank, and of having nothing to do: once or twice she had peeped into the +book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in +it, 'and what is the use of a book,' thought Alice 'without pictures or +conversations?' + +So she was considering in her own mind (as well as she could, for the +hot day made her feel very sleepy and stupid), whether the pleasure +of making a daisy-chain would be worth the trouble of getting up and +picking the daisies, when suddenly a White Rabbit with pink eyes ran +close by her. + +There was nothing so VERY remarkable in that; nor did Alice think it so +VERY much out of the way to hear the Rabbit say to itself, 'Oh dear! +Oh dear! I shall be late!' (when she thought it over afterwards, it +occurred to her that she ought to have wondered at this, but at the time +it all seemed quite natural); but when the Rabbit actually TOOK A WATCH +OUT OF ITS WAISTCOAT-POCKET, and looked at it, and then hurried on, +Alice started to her feet, for it flashed across her mind that she had +never before seen a rabbit with either a waistcoat-pocket, or a watch +to take out of it, and burning with curiosity, she ran across the field +after it, and fortunately was just in time to see it pop down a large +rabbit-hole under the hedge. + +In another moment down went Alice after it, never once considering how +in the world she was to get out again. + +The rabbit-hole went straight on like a tunnel for some way, and then +dipped suddenly down, so suddenly that Alice had not a moment to think +about stopping herself before she found herself falling down a very deep +well. + +Either the well was very deep, or she fell very slowly, for she had +plenty of time as she went down to look about her and to wonder what was +going to happen next. First, she tried to look down and make out what +she was coming to, but it was too dark to see anything; then she +looked at the sides of the well, and noticed that they were filled with +cupboards and book-shelves; here and there she saw maps and pictures +hung upon pegs. She took down a jar from one of the shelves as +she passed; it was labelled 'ORANGE MARMALADE', but to her great +disappointment it was empty: she did not like to drop the jar for fear +of killing somebody, so managed to put it into one of the cupboards as +she fell past it. + +'Well!' thought Alice to herself, 'after such a fall as this, I shall +think nothing of tumbling down stairs! How brave they'll all think me at +home! Why, I wouldn't say anything about it, even if I fell off the top +of the house!' (Which was very likely true.) + +Down, down, down. Would the fall NEVER come to an end! 'I wonder how +many miles I've fallen by this time?' she said aloud. 'I must be getting +somewhere near the centre of the earth. Let me see: that would be four +thousand miles down, I think--' (for, you see, Alice had learnt several +things of this sort in her lessons in the schoolroom, and though this +was not a VERY good opportunity for showing off her knowledge, as there +was no one to listen to her, still it was good practice to say it over) +'--yes, that's about the right distance--but then I wonder what Latitude +or Longitude I've got to?' (Alice had no idea what Latitude was, or +Longitude either, but thought they were nice grand words to say.) + +Presently she began again. 'I wonder if I shall fall right THROUGH the +earth! How funny it'll seem to come out among the people that walk with +their heads downward! The Antipathies, I think--' (she was rather glad +there WAS no one listening, this time, as it didn't sound at all the +right word) '--but I shall have to ask them what the name of the country +is, you know. Please, Ma'am, is this New Zealand or Australia?' (and +she tried to curtsey as she spoke--fancy CURTSEYING as you're falling +through the air! Do you think you could manage it?) 'And what an +ignorant little girl she'll think me for asking! No, it'll never do to +ask: perhaps I shall see it written up somewhere.' + +Down, down, down. There was nothing else to do, so Alice soon began +talking again. 'Dinah'll miss me very much to-night, I should think!' +(Dinah was the cat.) 'I hope they'll remember her saucer of milk at +tea-time. Dinah my dear! I wish you were down here with me! There are no +mice in the air, I'm afraid, but you might catch a bat, and that's very +like a mouse, you know. But do cats eat bats, I wonder?' And here Alice +began to get rather sleepy, and went on saying to herself, in a dreamy +sort of way, 'Do cats eat bats? Do cats eat bats?' and sometimes, 'Do +bats eat cats?' for, you see, as she couldn't answer either question, +it didn't much matter which way she put it. She felt that she was dozing +off, and had just begun to dream that she was walking hand in hand with +Dinah, and saying to her very earnestly, 'Now, Dinah, tell me the truth: +did you ever eat a bat?' when suddenly, thump! thump! down she came upon +a heap of sticks and dry leaves, and the fall was over. + +Alice was not a bit hurt, and she jumped up on to her feet in a moment: +she looked up, but it was all dark overhead; before her was another +long passage, and the White Rabbit was still in sight, hurrying down it. +There was not a moment to be lost: away went Alice like the wind, and +was just in time to hear it say, as it turned a corner, 'Oh my ears +and whiskers, how late it's getting!' She was close behind it when she +turned the corner, but the Rabbit was no longer to be seen: she found +herself in a long, low hall, which was lit up by a row of lamps hanging +from the roof. + +There were doors all round the hall, but they were all locked; and when +Alice had been all the way down one side and up the other, trying every +door, she walked sadly down the middle, wondering how she was ever to +get out again. + +Suddenly she came upon a little three-legged table, all made of solid +glass; there was nothing on it except a tiny golden key, and Alice's +first thought was that it might belong to one of the doors of the hall; +but, alas! either the locks were too large, or the key was too small, +but at any rate it would not open any of them. However, on the second +time round, she came upon a low curtain she had not noticed before, and +behind it was a little door about fifteen inches high: she tried the +little golden key in the lock, and to her great delight it fitted! + +Alice opened the door and found that it led into a small passage, not +much larger than a rat-hole: she knelt down and looked along the passage +into the loveliest garden you ever saw. How she longed to get out of +that dark hall, and wander about among those beds of bright flowers and +those cool fountains, but she could not even get her head through the +doorway; 'and even if my head would go through,' thought poor Alice, 'it +would be of very little use without my shoulders. Oh, how I wish I could +shut up like a telescope! I think I could, if I only knew how to begin.' +For, you see, so many out-of-the-way things had happened lately, +that Alice had begun to think that very few things indeed were really +impossible. + +There seemed to be no use in waiting by the little door, so she went +back to the table, half hoping she might find another key on it, or at +any rate a book of rules for shutting people up like telescopes: this +time she found a little bottle on it, ('which certainly was not here +before,' said Alice,) and round the neck of the bottle was a paper +label, with the words 'DRINK ME' beautifully printed on it in large +letters. + +It was all very well to say 'Drink me,' but the wise little Alice was +not going to do THAT in a hurry. 'No, I'll look first,' she said, 'and +see whether it's marked "poison" or not'; for she had read several nice +little histories about children who had got burnt, and eaten up by wild +beasts and other unpleasant things, all because they WOULD not remember +the simple rules their friends had taught them: such as, that a red-hot +poker will burn you if you hold it too long; and that if you cut your +finger VERY deeply with a knife, it usually bleeds; and she had never +forgotten that, if you drink much from a bottle marked 'poison,' it is +almost certain to disagree with you, sooner or later. + +However, this bottle was NOT marked 'poison,' so Alice ventured to taste +it, and finding it very nice, (it had, in fact, a sort of mixed flavour +of cherry-tart, custard, pine-apple, roast turkey, toffee, and hot +buttered toast,) she very soon finished it off. + + * * * * * * * + + * * * * * * + + * * * * * * * + +'What a curious feeling!' said Alice; 'I must be shutting up like a +telescope.' + +And so it was indeed: she was now only ten inches high, and her face +brightened up at the thought that she was now the right size for going +through the little door into that lovely garden. First, however, she +waited for a few minutes to see if she was going to shrink any further: +she felt a little nervous about this; 'for it might end, you know,' said +Alice to herself, 'in my going out altogether, like a candle. I wonder +what I should be like then?' And she tried to fancy what the flame of a +candle is like after the candle is blown out, for she could not remember +ever having seen such a thing. + +After a while, finding that nothing more happened, she decided on going +into the garden at once; but, alas for poor Alice! when she got to the +door, she found she had forgotten the little golden key, and when she +went back to the table for it, she found she could not possibly reach +it: she could see it quite plainly through the glass, and she tried her +best to climb up one of the legs of the table, but it was too slippery; +and when she had tired herself out with trying, the poor little thing +sat down and cried. + +'Come, there's no use in crying like that!' said Alice to herself, +rather sharply; 'I advise you to leave off this minute!' She generally +gave herself very good advice, (though she very seldom followed it), +and sometimes she scolded herself so severely as to bring tears into +her eyes; and once she remembered trying to box her own ears for having +cheated herself in a game of croquet she was playing against herself, +for this curious child was very fond of pretending to be two people. +'But it's no use now,' thought poor Alice, 'to pretend to be two people! +Why, there's hardly enough of me left to make ONE respectable person!' + +Soon her eye fell on a little glass box that was lying under the table: +she opened it, and found in it a very small cake, on which the words +'EAT ME' were beautifully marked in currants. 'Well, I'll eat it,' said +Alice, 'and if it makes me grow larger, I can reach the key; and if it +makes me grow smaller, I can creep under the door; so either way I'll +get into the garden, and I don't care which happens!' + +She ate a little bit, and said anxiously to herself, 'Which way? Which +way?', holding her hand on the top of her head to feel which way it was +growing, and she was quite surprised to find that she remained the same +size: to be sure, this generally happens when one eats cake, but Alice +had got so much into the way of expecting nothing but out-of-the-way +things to happen, that it seemed quite dull and stupid for life to go on +in the common way. + +So she set to work, and very soon finished off the cake. + + * * * * * * * + + * * * * * * + + * * * * * * * + + + + +CHAPTER II. The Pool of Tears + +'Curiouser and curiouser!' cried Alice (she was so much surprised, that +for the moment she quite forgot how to speak good English); 'now I'm +opening out like the largest telescope that ever was! Good-bye, feet!' +(for when she looked down at her feet, they seemed to be almost out of +sight, they were getting so far off). 'Oh, my poor little feet, I wonder +who will put on your shoes and stockings for you now, dears? I'm sure +_I_ shan't be able! I shall be a great deal too far off to trouble +myself about you: you must manage the best way you can;--but I must be +kind to them,' thought Alice, 'or perhaps they won't walk the way I want +to go! Let me see: I'll give them a new pair of boots every Christmas.' + +And she went on planning to herself how she would manage it. 'They must +go by the carrier,' she thought; 'and how funny it'll seem, sending +presents to one's own feet! And how odd the directions will look! + + ALICE'S RIGHT FOOT, ESQ. + HEARTHRUG, + NEAR THE FENDER, + (WITH ALICE'S LOVE). + +Oh dear, what nonsense I'm talking!' + +Just then her head struck against the roof of the hall: in fact she was +now more than nine feet high, and she at once took up the little golden +key and hurried off to the garden door. + +Poor Alice! It was as much as she could do, lying down on one side, to +look through into the garden with one eye; but to get through was more +hopeless than ever: she sat down and began to cry again. + +'You ought to be ashamed of yourself,' said Alice, 'a great girl like +you,' (she might well say this), 'to go on crying in this way! Stop this +moment, I tell you!' But she went on all the same, shedding gallons of +tears, until there was a large pool all round her, about four inches +deep and reaching half down the hall. + +After a time she heard a little pattering of feet in the distance, and +she hastily dried her eyes to see what was coming. It was the White +Rabbit returning, splendidly dressed, with a pair of white kid gloves in +one hand and a large fan in the other: he came trotting along in a great +hurry, muttering to himself as he came, 'Oh! the Duchess, the Duchess! +Oh! won't she be savage if I've kept her waiting!' Alice felt so +desperate that she was ready to ask help of any one; so, when the Rabbit +came near her, she began, in a low, timid voice, 'If you please, sir--' +The Rabbit started violently, dropped the white kid gloves and the fan, +and skurried away into the darkness as hard as he could go. + +Alice took up the fan and gloves, and, as the hall was very hot, she +kept fanning herself all the time she went on talking: 'Dear, dear! How +queer everything is to-day! And yesterday things went on just as usual. +I wonder if I've been changed in the night? Let me think: was I the +same when I got up this morning? I almost think I can remember feeling a +little different. But if I'm not the same, the next question is, Who +in the world am I? Ah, THAT'S the great puzzle!' And she began thinking +over all the children she knew that were of the same age as herself, to +see if she could have been changed for any of them. + +'I'm sure I'm not Ada,' she said, 'for her hair goes in such long +ringlets, and mine doesn't go in ringlets at all; and I'm sure I can't +be Mabel, for I know all sorts of things, and she, oh! she knows such a +very little! Besides, SHE'S she, and I'm I, and--oh dear, how puzzling +it all is! I'll try if I know all the things I used to know. Let me +see: four times five is twelve, and four times six is thirteen, and +four times seven is--oh dear! I shall never get to twenty at that rate! +However, the Multiplication Table doesn't signify: let's try Geography. +London is the capital of Paris, and Paris is the capital of Rome, and +Rome--no, THAT'S all wrong, I'm certain! I must have been changed for +Mabel! I'll try and say "How doth the little--"' and she crossed her +hands on her lap as if she were saying lessons, and began to repeat it, +but her voice sounded hoarse and strange, and the words did not come the +same as they used to do:-- + + 'How doth the little crocodile + Improve his shining tail, + And pour the waters of the Nile + On every golden scale! + + 'How cheerfully he seems to grin, + How neatly spread his claws, + And welcome little fishes in + With gently smiling jaws!' + +'I'm sure those are not the right words,' said poor Alice, and her eyes +filled with tears again as she went on, 'I must be Mabel after all, and +I shall have to go and live in that poky little house, and have next to +no toys to play with, and oh! ever so many lessons to learn! No, I've +made up my mind about it; if I'm Mabel, I'll stay down here! It'll be no +use their putting their heads down and saying "Come up again, dear!" I +shall only look up and say "Who am I then? Tell me that first, and then, +if I like being that person, I'll come up: if not, I'll stay down here +till I'm somebody else"--but, oh dear!' cried Alice, with a sudden burst +of tears, 'I do wish they WOULD put their heads down! I am so VERY tired +of being all alone here!' + +As she said this she looked down at her hands, and was surprised to see +that she had put on one of the Rabbit's little white kid gloves while +she was talking. 'How CAN I have done that?' she thought. 'I must +be growing small again.' She got up and went to the table to measure +herself by it, and found that, as nearly as she could guess, she was now +about two feet high, and was going on shrinking rapidly: she soon found +out that the cause of this was the fan she was holding, and she dropped +it hastily, just in time to avoid shrinking away altogether. + +'That WAS a narrow escape!' said Alice, a good deal frightened at the +sudden change, but very glad to find herself still in existence; 'and +now for the garden!' and she ran with all speed back to the little door: +but, alas! the little door was shut again, and the little golden key was +lying on the glass table as before, 'and things are worse than ever,' +thought the poor child, 'for I never was so small as this before, never! +And I declare it's too bad, that it is!' + +As she said these words her foot slipped, and in another moment, splash! +she was up to her chin in salt water. Her first idea was that she +had somehow fallen into the sea, 'and in that case I can go back by +railway,' she said to herself. (Alice had been to the seaside once in +her life, and had come to the general conclusion, that wherever you go +to on the English coast you find a number of bathing machines in the +sea, some children digging in the sand with wooden spades, then a row +of lodging houses, and behind them a railway station.) However, she soon +made out that she was in the pool of tears which she had wept when she +was nine feet high. + +'I wish I hadn't cried so much!' said Alice, as she swam about, trying +to find her way out. 'I shall be punished for it now, I suppose, by +being drowned in my own tears! That WILL be a queer thing, to be sure! +However, everything is queer to-day.' + +Just then she heard something splashing about in the pool a little way +off, and she swam nearer to make out what it was: at first she thought +it must be a walrus or hippopotamus, but then she remembered how small +she was now, and she soon made out that it was only a mouse that had +slipped in like herself. + +'Would it be of any use, now,' thought Alice, 'to speak to this mouse? +Everything is so out-of-the-way down here, that I should think very +likely it can talk: at any rate, there's no harm in trying.' So she +began: 'O Mouse, do you know the way out of this pool? I am very tired +of swimming about here, O Mouse!' (Alice thought this must be the right +way of speaking to a mouse: she had never done such a thing before, but +she remembered having seen in her brother's Latin Grammar, 'A mouse--of +a mouse--to a mouse--a mouse--O mouse!') The Mouse looked at her rather +inquisitively, and seemed to her to wink with one of its little eyes, +but it said nothing. + +'Perhaps it doesn't understand English,' thought Alice; 'I daresay it's +a French mouse, come over with William the Conqueror.' (For, with all +her knowledge of history, Alice had no very clear notion how long ago +anything had happened.) So she began again: 'Ou est ma chatte?' which +was the first sentence in her French lesson-book. The Mouse gave a +sudden leap out of the water, and seemed to quiver all over with fright. +'Oh, I beg your pardon!' cried Alice hastily, afraid that she had hurt +the poor animal's feelings. 'I quite forgot you didn't like cats.' + +'Not like cats!' cried the Mouse, in a shrill, passionate voice. 'Would +YOU like cats if you were me?' + +'Well, perhaps not,' said Alice in a soothing tone: 'don't be angry +about it. And yet I wish I could show you our cat Dinah: I think you'd +take a fancy to cats if you could only see her. She is such a dear quiet +thing,' Alice went on, half to herself, as she swam lazily about in the +pool, 'and she sits purring so nicely by the fire, licking her paws and +washing her face--and she is such a nice soft thing to nurse--and she's +such a capital one for catching mice--oh, I beg your pardon!' cried +Alice again, for this time the Mouse was bristling all over, and she +felt certain it must be really offended. 'We won't talk about her any +more if you'd rather not.' + +'We indeed!' cried the Mouse, who was trembling down to the end of his +tail. 'As if I would talk on such a subject! Our family always HATED +cats: nasty, low, vulgar things! Don't let me hear the name again!' + +'I won't indeed!' said Alice, in a great hurry to change the subject of +conversation. 'Are you--are you fond--of--of dogs?' The Mouse did not +answer, so Alice went on eagerly: 'There is such a nice little dog near +our house I should like to show you! A little bright-eyed terrier, you +know, with oh, such long curly brown hair! And it'll fetch things when +you throw them, and it'll sit up and beg for its dinner, and all sorts +of things--I can't remember half of them--and it belongs to a farmer, +you know, and he says it's so useful, it's worth a hundred pounds! He +says it kills all the rats and--oh dear!' cried Alice in a sorrowful +tone, 'I'm afraid I've offended it again!' For the Mouse was swimming +away from her as hard as it could go, and making quite a commotion in +the pool as it went. + +So she called softly after it, 'Mouse dear! Do come back again, and we +won't talk about cats or dogs either, if you don't like them!' When the +Mouse heard this, it turned round and swam slowly back to her: its +face was quite pale (with passion, Alice thought), and it said in a low +trembling voice, 'Let us get to the shore, and then I'll tell you my +history, and you'll understand why it is I hate cats and dogs.' + +It was high time to go, for the pool was getting quite crowded with the +birds and animals that had fallen into it: there were a Duck and a Dodo, +a Lory and an Eaglet, and several other curious creatures. Alice led the +way, and the whole party swam to the shore. + + + + +CHAPTER III. A Caucus-Race and a Long Tale + +They were indeed a queer-looking party that assembled on the bank--the +birds with draggled feathers, the animals with their fur clinging close +to them, and all dripping wet, cross, and uncomfortable. + +The first question of course was, how to get dry again: they had a +consultation about this, and after a few minutes it seemed quite natural +to Alice to find herself talking familiarly with them, as if she had +known them all her life. Indeed, she had quite a long argument with the +Lory, who at last turned sulky, and would only say, 'I am older than +you, and must know better'; and this Alice would not allow without +knowing how old it was, and, as the Lory positively refused to tell its +age, there was no more to be said. + +At last the Mouse, who seemed to be a person of authority among them, +called out, 'Sit down, all of you, and listen to me! I'LL soon make you +dry enough!' They all sat down at once, in a large ring, with the Mouse +in the middle. Alice kept her eyes anxiously fixed on it, for she felt +sure she would catch a bad cold if she did not get dry very soon. + +'Ahem!' said the Mouse with an important air, 'are you all ready? This +is the driest thing I know. Silence all round, if you please! "William +the Conqueror, whose cause was favoured by the pope, was soon submitted +to by the English, who wanted leaders, and had been of late much +accustomed to usurpation and conquest. Edwin and Morcar, the earls of +Mercia and Northumbria--"' + +'Ugh!' said the Lory, with a shiver. + +'I beg your pardon!' said the Mouse, frowning, but very politely: 'Did +you speak?' + +'Not I!' said the Lory hastily. + +'I thought you did,' said the Mouse. '--I proceed. "Edwin and Morcar, +the earls of Mercia and Northumbria, declared for him: and even Stigand, +the patriotic archbishop of Canterbury, found it advisable--"' + +'Found WHAT?' said the Duck. + +'Found IT,' the Mouse replied rather crossly: 'of course you know what +"it" means.' + +'I know what "it" means well enough, when I find a thing,' said the +Duck: 'it's generally a frog or a worm. The question is, what did the +archbishop find?' + +The Mouse did not notice this question, but hurriedly went on, '"--found +it advisable to go with Edgar Atheling to meet William and offer him the +crown. William's conduct at first was moderate. But the insolence of his +Normans--" How are you getting on now, my dear?' it continued, turning +to Alice as it spoke. + +'As wet as ever,' said Alice in a melancholy tone: 'it doesn't seem to +dry me at all.' + +'In that case,' said the Dodo solemnly, rising to its feet, 'I move +that the meeting adjourn, for the immediate adoption of more energetic +remedies--' + +'Speak English!' said the Eaglet. 'I don't know the meaning of half +those long words, and, what's more, I don't believe you do either!' And +the Eaglet bent down its head to hide a smile: some of the other birds +tittered audibly. + +'What I was going to say,' said the Dodo in an offended tone, 'was, that +the best thing to get us dry would be a Caucus-race.' + +'What IS a Caucus-race?' said Alice; not that she wanted much to know, +but the Dodo had paused as if it thought that SOMEBODY ought to speak, +and no one else seemed inclined to say anything. + +'Why,' said the Dodo, 'the best way to explain it is to do it.' (And, as +you might like to try the thing yourself, some winter day, I will tell +you how the Dodo managed it.) + +First it marked out a race-course, in a sort of circle, ('the exact +shape doesn't matter,' it said,) and then all the party were placed +along the course, here and there. There was no 'One, two, three, and +away,' but they began running when they liked, and left off when they +liked, so that it was not easy to know when the race was over. However, +when they had been running half an hour or so, and were quite dry again, +the Dodo suddenly called out 'The race is over!' and they all crowded +round it, panting, and asking, 'But who has won?' + +This question the Dodo could not answer without a great deal of thought, +and it sat for a long time with one finger pressed upon its forehead +(the position in which you usually see Shakespeare, in the pictures +of him), while the rest waited in silence. At last the Dodo said, +'EVERYBODY has won, and all must have prizes.' + +'But who is to give the prizes?' quite a chorus of voices asked. + +'Why, SHE, of course,' said the Dodo, pointing to Alice with one finger; +and the whole party at once crowded round her, calling out in a confused +way, 'Prizes! Prizes!' + +Alice had no idea what to do, and in despair she put her hand in her +pocket, and pulled out a box of comfits, (luckily the salt water had +not got into it), and handed them round as prizes. There was exactly one +a-piece all round. + +'But she must have a prize herself, you know,' said the Mouse. + +'Of course,' the Dodo replied very gravely. 'What else have you got in +your pocket?' he went on, turning to Alice. + +'Only a thimble,' said Alice sadly. + +'Hand it over here,' said the Dodo. + +Then they all crowded round her once more, while the Dodo solemnly +presented the thimble, saying 'We beg your acceptance of this elegant +thimble'; and, when it had finished this short speech, they all cheered. + +Alice thought the whole thing very absurd, but they all looked so grave +that she did not dare to laugh; and, as she could not think of anything +to say, she simply bowed, and took the thimble, looking as solemn as she +could. + +The next thing was to eat the comfits: this caused some noise and +confusion, as the large birds complained that they could not taste +theirs, and the small ones choked and had to be patted on the back. +However, it was over at last, and they sat down again in a ring, and +begged the Mouse to tell them something more. + +'You promised to tell me your history, you know,' said Alice, 'and why +it is you hate--C and D,' she added in a whisper, half afraid that it +would be offended again. + +'Mine is a long and a sad tale!' said the Mouse, turning to Alice, and +sighing. + +'It IS a long tail, certainly,' said Alice, looking down with wonder at +the Mouse's tail; 'but why do you call it sad?' And she kept on puzzling +about it while the Mouse was speaking, so that her idea of the tale was +something like this:-- + + 'Fury said to a + mouse, That he + met in the + house, + "Let us + both go to + law: I will + prosecute + YOU.--Come, + I'll take no + denial; We + must have a + trial: For + really this + morning I've + nothing + to do." + Said the + mouse to the + cur, "Such + a trial, + dear Sir, + With + no jury + or judge, + would be + wasting + our + breath." + "I'll be + judge, I'll + be jury," + Said + cunning + old Fury: + "I'll + try the + whole + cause, + and + condemn + you + to + death."' + + +'You are not attending!' said the Mouse to Alice severely. 'What are you +thinking of?' + +'I beg your pardon,' said Alice very humbly: 'you had got to the fifth +bend, I think?' + +'I had NOT!' cried the Mouse, sharply and very angrily. + +'A knot!' said Alice, always ready to make herself useful, and looking +anxiously about her. 'Oh, do let me help to undo it!' + +'I shall do nothing of the sort,' said the Mouse, getting up and walking +away. 'You insult me by talking such nonsense!' + +'I didn't mean it!' pleaded poor Alice. 'But you're so easily offended, +you know!' + +The Mouse only growled in reply. + +'Please come back and finish your story!' Alice called after it; and the +others all joined in chorus, 'Yes, please do!' but the Mouse only shook +its head impatiently, and walked a little quicker. + +'What a pity it wouldn't stay!' sighed the Lory, as soon as it was quite +out of sight; and an old Crab took the opportunity of saying to her +daughter 'Ah, my dear! Let this be a lesson to you never to lose +YOUR temper!' 'Hold your tongue, Ma!' said the young Crab, a little +snappishly. 'You're enough to try the patience of an oyster!' + +'I wish I had our Dinah here, I know I do!' said Alice aloud, addressing +nobody in particular. 'She'd soon fetch it back!' + +'And who is Dinah, if I might venture to ask the question?' said the +Lory. + +Alice replied eagerly, for she was always ready to talk about her pet: +'Dinah's our cat. And she's such a capital one for catching mice you +can't think! And oh, I wish you could see her after the birds! Why, +she'll eat a little bird as soon as look at it!' + +This speech caused a remarkable sensation among the party. Some of the +birds hurried off at once: one old Magpie began wrapping itself up very +carefully, remarking, 'I really must be getting home; the night-air +doesn't suit my throat!' and a Canary called out in a trembling voice to +its children, 'Come away, my dears! It's high time you were all in bed!' +On various pretexts they all moved off, and Alice was soon left alone. + +'I wish I hadn't mentioned Dinah!' she said to herself in a melancholy +tone. 'Nobody seems to like her, down here, and I'm sure she's the best +cat in the world! Oh, my dear Dinah! I wonder if I shall ever see you +any more!' And here poor Alice began to cry again, for she felt very +lonely and low-spirited. In a little while, however, she again heard +a little pattering of footsteps in the distance, and she looked up +eagerly, half hoping that the Mouse had changed his mind, and was coming +back to finish his story. + + + + +CHAPTER IV. The Rabbit Sends in a Little Bill + +It was the White Rabbit, trotting slowly back again, and looking +anxiously about as it went, as if it had lost something; and she heard +it muttering to itself 'The Duchess! The Duchess! Oh my dear paws! Oh +my fur and whiskers! She'll get me executed, as sure as ferrets are +ferrets! Where CAN I have dropped them, I wonder?' Alice guessed in a +moment that it was looking for the fan and the pair of white kid gloves, +and she very good-naturedly began hunting about for them, but they were +nowhere to be seen--everything seemed to have changed since her swim in +the pool, and the great hall, with the glass table and the little door, +had vanished completely. + +Very soon the Rabbit noticed Alice, as she went hunting about, and +called out to her in an angry tone, 'Why, Mary Ann, what ARE you doing +out here? Run home this moment, and fetch me a pair of gloves and a fan! +Quick, now!' And Alice was so much frightened that she ran off at once +in the direction it pointed to, without trying to explain the mistake it +had made. + +'He took me for his housemaid,' she said to herself as she ran. 'How +surprised he'll be when he finds out who I am! But I'd better take him +his fan and gloves--that is, if I can find them.' As she said this, she +came upon a neat little house, on the door of which was a bright brass +plate with the name 'W. RABBIT' engraved upon it. She went in without +knocking, and hurried upstairs, in great fear lest she should meet the +real Mary Ann, and be turned out of the house before she had found the +fan and gloves. + +'How queer it seems,' Alice said to herself, 'to be going messages for +a rabbit! I suppose Dinah'll be sending me on messages next!' And she +began fancying the sort of thing that would happen: '"Miss Alice! Come +here directly, and get ready for your walk!" "Coming in a minute, +nurse! But I've got to see that the mouse doesn't get out." Only I don't +think,' Alice went on, 'that they'd let Dinah stop in the house if it +began ordering people about like that!' + +By this time she had found her way into a tidy little room with a table +in the window, and on it (as she had hoped) a fan and two or three pairs +of tiny white kid gloves: she took up the fan and a pair of the gloves, +and was just going to leave the room, when her eye fell upon a little +bottle that stood near the looking-glass. There was no label this time +with the words 'DRINK ME,' but nevertheless she uncorked it and put it +to her lips. 'I know SOMETHING interesting is sure to happen,' she said +to herself, 'whenever I eat or drink anything; so I'll just see what +this bottle does. I do hope it'll make me grow large again, for really +I'm quite tired of being such a tiny little thing!' + +It did so indeed, and much sooner than she had expected: before she had +drunk half the bottle, she found her head pressing against the ceiling, +and had to stoop to save her neck from being broken. She hastily put +down the bottle, saying to herself 'That's quite enough--I hope I shan't +grow any more--As it is, I can't get out at the door--I do wish I hadn't +drunk quite so much!' + +Alas! it was too late to wish that! She went on growing, and growing, +and very soon had to kneel down on the floor: in another minute there +was not even room for this, and she tried the effect of lying down with +one elbow against the door, and the other arm curled round her head. +Still she went on growing, and, as a last resource, she put one arm out +of the window, and one foot up the chimney, and said to herself 'Now I +can do no more, whatever happens. What WILL become of me?' + +Luckily for Alice, the little magic bottle had now had its full effect, +and she grew no larger: still it was very uncomfortable, and, as there +seemed to be no sort of chance of her ever getting out of the room +again, no wonder she felt unhappy. + +'It was much pleasanter at home,' thought poor Alice, 'when one wasn't +always growing larger and smaller, and being ordered about by mice and +rabbits. I almost wish I hadn't gone down that rabbit-hole--and yet--and +yet--it's rather curious, you know, this sort of life! I do wonder what +CAN have happened to me! When I used to read fairy-tales, I fancied that +kind of thing never happened, and now here I am in the middle of one! +There ought to be a book written about me, that there ought! And when I +grow up, I'll write one--but I'm grown up now,' she added in a sorrowful +tone; 'at least there's no room to grow up any more HERE.' + +'But then,' thought Alice, 'shall I NEVER get any older than I am +now? That'll be a comfort, one way--never to be an old woman--but +then--always to have lessons to learn! Oh, I shouldn't like THAT!' + +'Oh, you foolish Alice!' she answered herself. 'How can you learn +lessons in here? Why, there's hardly room for YOU, and no room at all +for any lesson-books!' + +And so she went on, taking first one side and then the other, and making +quite a conversation of it altogether; but after a few minutes she heard +a voice outside, and stopped to listen. + +'Mary Ann! Mary Ann!' said the voice. 'Fetch me my gloves this moment!' +Then came a little pattering of feet on the stairs. Alice knew it was +the Rabbit coming to look for her, and she trembled till she shook the +house, quite forgetting that she was now about a thousand times as large +as the Rabbit, and had no reason to be afraid of it. + +Presently the Rabbit came up to the door, and tried to open it; but, as +the door opened inwards, and Alice's elbow was pressed hard against it, +that attempt proved a failure. Alice heard it say to itself 'Then I'll +go round and get in at the window.' + +'THAT you won't' thought Alice, and, after waiting till she fancied +she heard the Rabbit just under the window, she suddenly spread out her +hand, and made a snatch in the air. She did not get hold of anything, +but she heard a little shriek and a fall, and a crash of broken glass, +from which she concluded that it was just possible it had fallen into a +cucumber-frame, or something of the sort. + +Next came an angry voice--the Rabbit's--'Pat! Pat! Where are you?' And +then a voice she had never heard before, 'Sure then I'm here! Digging +for apples, yer honour!' + +'Digging for apples, indeed!' said the Rabbit angrily. 'Here! Come and +help me out of THIS!' (Sounds of more broken glass.) + +'Now tell me, Pat, what's that in the window?' + +'Sure, it's an arm, yer honour!' (He pronounced it 'arrum.') + +'An arm, you goose! Who ever saw one that size? Why, it fills the whole +window!' + +'Sure, it does, yer honour: but it's an arm for all that.' + +'Well, it's got no business there, at any rate: go and take it away!' + +There was a long silence after this, and Alice could only hear whispers +now and then; such as, 'Sure, I don't like it, yer honour, at all, at +all!' 'Do as I tell you, you coward!' and at last she spread out her +hand again, and made another snatch in the air. This time there were +TWO little shrieks, and more sounds of broken glass. 'What a number of +cucumber-frames there must be!' thought Alice. 'I wonder what they'll do +next! As for pulling me out of the window, I only wish they COULD! I'm +sure I don't want to stay in here any longer!' + +She waited for some time without hearing anything more: at last came a +rumbling of little cartwheels, and the sound of a good many voices +all talking together: she made out the words: 'Where's the other +ladder?--Why, I hadn't to bring but one; Bill's got the other--Bill! +fetch it here, lad!--Here, put 'em up at this corner--No, tie 'em +together first--they don't reach half high enough yet--Oh! they'll +do well enough; don't be particular--Here, Bill! catch hold of this +rope--Will the roof bear?--Mind that loose slate--Oh, it's coming +down! Heads below!' (a loud crash)--'Now, who did that?--It was Bill, I +fancy--Who's to go down the chimney?--Nay, I shan't! YOU do it!--That I +won't, then!--Bill's to go down--Here, Bill! the master says you're to +go down the chimney!' + +'Oh! So Bill's got to come down the chimney, has he?' said Alice to +herself. 'Shy, they seem to put everything upon Bill! I wouldn't be in +Bill's place for a good deal: this fireplace is narrow, to be sure; but +I THINK I can kick a little!' + +She drew her foot as far down the chimney as she could, and waited +till she heard a little animal (she couldn't guess of what sort it was) +scratching and scrambling about in the chimney close above her: then, +saying to herself 'This is Bill,' she gave one sharp kick, and waited to +see what would happen next. + +The first thing she heard was a general chorus of 'There goes Bill!' +then the Rabbit's voice along--'Catch him, you by the hedge!' then +silence, and then another confusion of voices--'Hold up his head--Brandy +now--Don't choke him--How was it, old fellow? What happened to you? Tell +us all about it!' + +Last came a little feeble, squeaking voice, ('That's Bill,' thought +Alice,) 'Well, I hardly know--No more, thank ye; I'm better now--but I'm +a deal too flustered to tell you--all I know is, something comes at me +like a Jack-in-the-box, and up I goes like a sky-rocket!' + +'So you did, old fellow!' said the others. + +'We must burn the house down!' said the Rabbit's voice; and Alice called +out as loud as she could, 'If you do. I'll set Dinah at you!' + +There was a dead silence instantly, and Alice thought to herself, 'I +wonder what they WILL do next! If they had any sense, they'd take the +roof off.' After a minute or two, they began moving about again, and +Alice heard the Rabbit say, 'A barrowful will do, to begin with.' + +'A barrowful of WHAT?' thought Alice; but she had not long to doubt, +for the next moment a shower of little pebbles came rattling in at the +window, and some of them hit her in the face. 'I'll put a stop to this,' +she said to herself, and shouted out, 'You'd better not do that again!' +which produced another dead silence. + +Alice noticed with some surprise that the pebbles were all turning into +little cakes as they lay on the floor, and a bright idea came into her +head. 'If I eat one of these cakes,' she thought, 'it's sure to make +SOME change in my size; and as it can't possibly make me larger, it must +make me smaller, I suppose.' + +So she swallowed one of the cakes, and was delighted to find that she +began shrinking directly. As soon as she was small enough to get through +the door, she ran out of the house, and found quite a crowd of little +animals and birds waiting outside. The poor little Lizard, Bill, was +in the middle, being held up by two guinea-pigs, who were giving it +something out of a bottle. They all made a rush at Alice the moment she +appeared; but she ran off as hard as she could, and soon found herself +safe in a thick wood. + +'The first thing I've got to do,' said Alice to herself, as she wandered +about in the wood, 'is to grow to my right size again; and the second +thing is to find my way into that lovely garden. I think that will be +the best plan.' + +It sounded an excellent plan, no doubt, and very neatly and simply +arranged; the only difficulty was, that she had not the smallest idea +how to set about it; and while she was peering about anxiously among +the trees, a little sharp bark just over her head made her look up in a +great hurry. + +An enormous puppy was looking down at her with large round eyes, and +feebly stretching out one paw, trying to touch her. 'Poor little thing!' +said Alice, in a coaxing tone, and she tried hard to whistle to it; but +she was terribly frightened all the time at the thought that it might be +hungry, in which case it would be very likely to eat her up in spite of +all her coaxing. + +Hardly knowing what she did, she picked up a little bit of stick, and +held it out to the puppy; whereupon the puppy jumped into the air off +all its feet at once, with a yelp of delight, and rushed at the stick, +and made believe to worry it; then Alice dodged behind a great thistle, +to keep herself from being run over; and the moment she appeared on the +other side, the puppy made another rush at the stick, and tumbled head +over heels in its hurry to get hold of it; then Alice, thinking it was +very like having a game of play with a cart-horse, and expecting every +moment to be trampled under its feet, ran round the thistle again; then +the puppy began a series of short charges at the stick, running a very +little way forwards each time and a long way back, and barking hoarsely +all the while, till at last it sat down a good way off, panting, with +its tongue hanging out of its mouth, and its great eyes half shut. + +This seemed to Alice a good opportunity for making her escape; so she +set off at once, and ran till she was quite tired and out of breath, and +till the puppy's bark sounded quite faint in the distance. + +'And yet what a dear little puppy it was!' said Alice, as she leant +against a buttercup to rest herself, and fanned herself with one of the +leaves: 'I should have liked teaching it tricks very much, if--if I'd +only been the right size to do it! Oh dear! I'd nearly forgotten that +I've got to grow up again! Let me see--how IS it to be managed? I +suppose I ought to eat or drink something or other; but the great +question is, what?' + +The great question certainly was, what? Alice looked all round her at +the flowers and the blades of grass, but she did not see anything that +looked like the right thing to eat or drink under the circumstances. +There was a large mushroom growing near her, about the same height as +herself; and when she had looked under it, and on both sides of it, and +behind it, it occurred to her that she might as well look and see what +was on the top of it. + +She stretched herself up on tiptoe, and peeped over the edge of the +mushroom, and her eyes immediately met those of a large caterpillar, +that was sitting on the top with its arms folded, quietly smoking a long +hookah, and taking not the smallest notice of her or of anything else. + + + + +CHAPTER V. Advice from a Caterpillar + +The Caterpillar and Alice looked at each other for some time in silence: +at last the Caterpillar took the hookah out of its mouth, and addressed +her in a languid, sleepy voice. + +'Who are YOU?' said the Caterpillar. + +This was not an encouraging opening for a conversation. Alice replied, +rather shyly, 'I--I hardly know, sir, just at present--at least I know +who I WAS when I got up this morning, but I think I must have been +changed several times since then.' + +'What do you mean by that?' said the Caterpillar sternly. 'Explain +yourself!' + +'I can't explain MYSELF, I'm afraid, sir' said Alice, 'because I'm not +myself, you see.' + +'I don't see,' said the Caterpillar. + +'I'm afraid I can't put it more clearly,' Alice replied very politely, +'for I can't understand it myself to begin with; and being so many +different sizes in a day is very confusing.' + +'It isn't,' said the Caterpillar. + +'Well, perhaps you haven't found it so yet,' said Alice; 'but when you +have to turn into a chrysalis--you will some day, you know--and then +after that into a butterfly, I should think you'll feel it a little +queer, won't you?' + +'Not a bit,' said the Caterpillar. + +'Well, perhaps your feelings may be different,' said Alice; 'all I know +is, it would feel very queer to ME.' + +'You!' said the Caterpillar contemptuously. 'Who are YOU?' + +Which brought them back again to the beginning of the conversation. +Alice felt a little irritated at the Caterpillar's making such VERY +short remarks, and she drew herself up and said, very gravely, 'I think, +you ought to tell me who YOU are, first.' + +'Why?' said the Caterpillar. + +Here was another puzzling question; and as Alice could not think of any +good reason, and as the Caterpillar seemed to be in a VERY unpleasant +state of mind, she turned away. + +'Come back!' the Caterpillar called after her. 'I've something important +to say!' + +This sounded promising, certainly: Alice turned and came back again. + +'Keep your temper,' said the Caterpillar. + +'Is that all?' said Alice, swallowing down her anger as well as she +could. + +'No,' said the Caterpillar. + +Alice thought she might as well wait, as she had nothing else to do, and +perhaps after all it might tell her something worth hearing. For some +minutes it puffed away without speaking, but at last it unfolded its +arms, took the hookah out of its mouth again, and said, 'So you think +you're changed, do you?' + +'I'm afraid I am, sir,' said Alice; 'I can't remember things as I +used--and I don't keep the same size for ten minutes together!' + +'Can't remember WHAT things?' said the Caterpillar. + +'Well, I've tried to say "HOW DOTH THE LITTLE BUSY BEE," but it all came +different!' Alice replied in a very melancholy voice. + +'Repeat, "YOU ARE OLD, FATHER WILLIAM,"' said the Caterpillar. + +Alice folded her hands, and began:-- + + 'You are old, Father William,' the young man said, + 'And your hair has become very white; + And yet you incessantly stand on your head-- + Do you think, at your age, it is right?' + + 'In my youth,' Father William replied to his son, + 'I feared it might injure the brain; + But, now that I'm perfectly sure I have none, + Why, I do it again and again.' + + 'You are old,' said the youth, 'as I mentioned before, + And have grown most uncommonly fat; + Yet you turned a back-somersault in at the door-- + Pray, what is the reason of that?' + + 'In my youth,' said the sage, as he shook his grey locks, + 'I kept all my limbs very supple + By the use of this ointment--one shilling the box-- + Allow me to sell you a couple?' + + 'You are old,' said the youth, 'and your jaws are too weak + For anything tougher than suet; + Yet you finished the goose, with the bones and the beak-- + Pray how did you manage to do it?' + + 'In my youth,' said his father, 'I took to the law, + And argued each case with my wife; + And the muscular strength, which it gave to my jaw, + Has lasted the rest of my life.' + + 'You are old,' said the youth, 'one would hardly suppose + That your eye was as steady as ever; + Yet you balanced an eel on the end of your nose-- + What made you so awfully clever?' + + 'I have answered three questions, and that is enough,' + Said his father; 'don't give yourself airs! + Do you think I can listen all day to such stuff? + Be off, or I'll kick you down stairs!' + + +'That is not said right,' said the Caterpillar. + +'Not QUITE right, I'm afraid,' said Alice, timidly; 'some of the words +have got altered.' + +'It is wrong from beginning to end,' said the Caterpillar decidedly, and +there was silence for some minutes. + +The Caterpillar was the first to speak. + +'What size do you want to be?' it asked. + +'Oh, I'm not particular as to size,' Alice hastily replied; 'only one +doesn't like changing so often, you know.' + +'I DON'T know,' said the Caterpillar. + +Alice said nothing: she had never been so much contradicted in her life +before, and she felt that she was losing her temper. + +'Are you content now?' said the Caterpillar. + +'Well, I should like to be a LITTLE larger, sir, if you wouldn't mind,' +said Alice: 'three inches is such a wretched height to be.' + +'It is a very good height indeed!' said the Caterpillar angrily, rearing +itself upright as it spoke (it was exactly three inches high). + +'But I'm not used to it!' pleaded poor Alice in a piteous tone. And +she thought of herself, 'I wish the creatures wouldn't be so easily +offended!' + +'You'll get used to it in time,' said the Caterpillar; and it put the +hookah into its mouth and began smoking again. + +This time Alice waited patiently until it chose to speak again. In +a minute or two the Caterpillar took the hookah out of its mouth +and yawned once or twice, and shook itself. Then it got down off the +mushroom, and crawled away in the grass, merely remarking as it went, +'One side will make you grow taller, and the other side will make you +grow shorter.' + +'One side of WHAT? The other side of WHAT?' thought Alice to herself. + +'Of the mushroom,' said the Caterpillar, just as if she had asked it +aloud; and in another moment it was out of sight. + +Alice remained looking thoughtfully at the mushroom for a minute, trying +to make out which were the two sides of it; and as it was perfectly +round, she found this a very difficult question. However, at last she +stretched her arms round it as far as they would go, and broke off a bit +of the edge with each hand. + +'And now which is which?' she said to herself, and nibbled a little of +the right-hand bit to try the effect: the next moment she felt a violent +blow underneath her chin: it had struck her foot! + +She was a good deal frightened by this very sudden change, but she felt +that there was no time to be lost, as she was shrinking rapidly; so she +set to work at once to eat some of the other bit. Her chin was pressed +so closely against her foot, that there was hardly room to open her +mouth; but she did it at last, and managed to swallow a morsel of the +lefthand bit. + + + * * * * * * * + + * * * * * * + + * * * * * * * + +'Come, my head's free at last!' said Alice in a tone of delight, which +changed into alarm in another moment, when she found that her shoulders +were nowhere to be found: all she could see, when she looked down, was +an immense length of neck, which seemed to rise like a stalk out of a +sea of green leaves that lay far below her. + +'What CAN all that green stuff be?' said Alice. 'And where HAVE my +shoulders got to? And oh, my poor hands, how is it I can't see you?' +She was moving them about as she spoke, but no result seemed to follow, +except a little shaking among the distant green leaves. + +As there seemed to be no chance of getting her hands up to her head, she +tried to get her head down to them, and was delighted to find that her +neck would bend about easily in any direction, like a serpent. She had +just succeeded in curving it down into a graceful zigzag, and was going +to dive in among the leaves, which she found to be nothing but the tops +of the trees under which she had been wandering, when a sharp hiss made +her draw back in a hurry: a large pigeon had flown into her face, and +was beating her violently with its wings. + +'Serpent!' screamed the Pigeon. + +'I'm NOT a serpent!' said Alice indignantly. 'Let me alone!' + +'Serpent, I say again!' repeated the Pigeon, but in a more subdued tone, +and added with a kind of sob, 'I've tried every way, and nothing seems +to suit them!' + +'I haven't the least idea what you're talking about,' said Alice. + +'I've tried the roots of trees, and I've tried banks, and I've tried +hedges,' the Pigeon went on, without attending to her; 'but those +serpents! There's no pleasing them!' + +Alice was more and more puzzled, but she thought there was no use in +saying anything more till the Pigeon had finished. + +'As if it wasn't trouble enough hatching the eggs,' said the Pigeon; +'but I must be on the look-out for serpents night and day! Why, I +haven't had a wink of sleep these three weeks!' + +'I'm very sorry you've been annoyed,' said Alice, who was beginning to +see its meaning. + +'And just as I'd taken the highest tree in the wood,' continued the +Pigeon, raising its voice to a shriek, 'and just as I was thinking I +should be free of them at last, they must needs come wriggling down from +the sky! Ugh, Serpent!' + +'But I'm NOT a serpent, I tell you!' said Alice. 'I'm a--I'm a--' + +'Well! WHAT are you?' said the Pigeon. 'I can see you're trying to +invent something!' + +'I--I'm a little girl,' said Alice, rather doubtfully, as she remembered +the number of changes she had gone through that day. + +'A likely story indeed!' said the Pigeon in a tone of the deepest +contempt. 'I've seen a good many little girls in my time, but never ONE +with such a neck as that! No, no! You're a serpent; and there's no use +denying it. I suppose you'll be telling me next that you never tasted an +egg!' + +'I HAVE tasted eggs, certainly,' said Alice, who was a very truthful +child; 'but little girls eat eggs quite as much as serpents do, you +know.' + +'I don't believe it,' said the Pigeon; 'but if they do, why then they're +a kind of serpent, that's all I can say.' + +This was such a new idea to Alice, that she was quite silent for a +minute or two, which gave the Pigeon the opportunity of adding, 'You're +looking for eggs, I know THAT well enough; and what does it matter to me +whether you're a little girl or a serpent?' + +'It matters a good deal to ME,' said Alice hastily; 'but I'm not looking +for eggs, as it happens; and if I was, I shouldn't want YOURS: I don't +like them raw.' + +'Well, be off, then!' said the Pigeon in a sulky tone, as it settled +down again into its nest. Alice crouched down among the trees as well as +she could, for her neck kept getting entangled among the branches, and +every now and then she had to stop and untwist it. After a while she +remembered that she still held the pieces of mushroom in her hands, and +she set to work very carefully, nibbling first at one and then at the +other, and growing sometimes taller and sometimes shorter, until she had +succeeded in bringing herself down to her usual height. + +It was so long since she had been anything near the right size, that it +felt quite strange at first; but she got used to it in a few minutes, +and began talking to herself, as usual. 'Come, there's half my plan done +now! How puzzling all these changes are! I'm never sure what I'm going +to be, from one minute to another! However, I've got back to my right +size: the next thing is, to get into that beautiful garden--how IS that +to be done, I wonder?' As she said this, she came suddenly upon an open +place, with a little house in it about four feet high. 'Whoever lives +there,' thought Alice, 'it'll never do to come upon them THIS size: why, +I should frighten them out of their wits!' So she began nibbling at the +righthand bit again, and did not venture to go near the house till she +had brought herself down to nine inches high. + + + + +CHAPTER VI. Pig and Pepper + +For a minute or two she stood looking at the house, and wondering what +to do next, when suddenly a footman in livery came running out of the +wood--(she considered him to be a footman because he was in livery: +otherwise, judging by his face only, she would have called him a +fish)--and rapped loudly at the door with his knuckles. It was opened +by another footman in livery, with a round face, and large eyes like a +frog; and both footmen, Alice noticed, had powdered hair that curled all +over their heads. She felt very curious to know what it was all about, +and crept a little way out of the wood to listen. + +The Fish-Footman began by producing from under his arm a great letter, +nearly as large as himself, and this he handed over to the other, +saying, in a solemn tone, 'For the Duchess. An invitation from the Queen +to play croquet.' The Frog-Footman repeated, in the same solemn tone, +only changing the order of the words a little, 'From the Queen. An +invitation for the Duchess to play croquet.' + +Then they both bowed low, and their curls got entangled together. + +Alice laughed so much at this, that she had to run back into the +wood for fear of their hearing her; and when she next peeped out the +Fish-Footman was gone, and the other was sitting on the ground near the +door, staring stupidly up into the sky. + +Alice went timidly up to the door, and knocked. + +'There's no sort of use in knocking,' said the Footman, 'and that for +two reasons. First, because I'm on the same side of the door as you +are; secondly, because they're making such a noise inside, no one could +possibly hear you.' And certainly there was a most extraordinary noise +going on within--a constant howling and sneezing, and every now and then +a great crash, as if a dish or kettle had been broken to pieces. + +'Please, then,' said Alice, 'how am I to get in?' + +'There might be some sense in your knocking,' the Footman went on +without attending to her, 'if we had the door between us. For instance, +if you were INSIDE, you might knock, and I could let you out, you know.' +He was looking up into the sky all the time he was speaking, and this +Alice thought decidedly uncivil. 'But perhaps he can't help it,' she +said to herself; 'his eyes are so VERY nearly at the top of his head. +But at any rate he might answer questions.--How am I to get in?' she +repeated, aloud. + +'I shall sit here,' the Footman remarked, 'till tomorrow--' + +At this moment the door of the house opened, and a large plate came +skimming out, straight at the Footman's head: it just grazed his nose, +and broke to pieces against one of the trees behind him. + +'--or next day, maybe,' the Footman continued in the same tone, exactly +as if nothing had happened. + +'How am I to get in?' asked Alice again, in a louder tone. + +'ARE you to get in at all?' said the Footman. 'That's the first +question, you know.' + +It was, no doubt: only Alice did not like to be told so. 'It's really +dreadful,' she muttered to herself, 'the way all the creatures argue. +It's enough to drive one crazy!' + +The Footman seemed to think this a good opportunity for repeating his +remark, with variations. 'I shall sit here,' he said, 'on and off, for +days and days.' + +'But what am I to do?' said Alice. + +'Anything you like,' said the Footman, and began whistling. + +'Oh, there's no use in talking to him,' said Alice desperately: 'he's +perfectly idiotic!' And she opened the door and went in. + +The door led right into a large kitchen, which was full of smoke from +one end to the other: the Duchess was sitting on a three-legged stool in +the middle, nursing a baby; the cook was leaning over the fire, stirring +a large cauldron which seemed to be full of soup. + +'There's certainly too much pepper in that soup!' Alice said to herself, +as well as she could for sneezing. + +There was certainly too much of it in the air. Even the Duchess +sneezed occasionally; and as for the baby, it was sneezing and howling +alternately without a moment's pause. The only things in the kitchen +that did not sneeze, were the cook, and a large cat which was sitting on +the hearth and grinning from ear to ear. + +'Please would you tell me,' said Alice, a little timidly, for she was +not quite sure whether it was good manners for her to speak first, 'why +your cat grins like that?' + +'It's a Cheshire cat,' said the Duchess, 'and that's why. Pig!' + +She said the last word with such sudden violence that Alice quite +jumped; but she saw in another moment that it was addressed to the baby, +and not to her, so she took courage, and went on again:-- + +'I didn't know that Cheshire cats always grinned; in fact, I didn't know +that cats COULD grin.' + +'They all can,' said the Duchess; 'and most of 'em do.' + +'I don't know of any that do,' Alice said very politely, feeling quite +pleased to have got into a conversation. + +'You don't know much,' said the Duchess; 'and that's a fact.' + +Alice did not at all like the tone of this remark, and thought it would +be as well to introduce some other subject of conversation. While she +was trying to fix on one, the cook took the cauldron of soup off the +fire, and at once set to work throwing everything within her reach at +the Duchess and the baby--the fire-irons came first; then followed a +shower of saucepans, plates, and dishes. The Duchess took no notice of +them even when they hit her; and the baby was howling so much already, +that it was quite impossible to say whether the blows hurt it or not. + +'Oh, PLEASE mind what you're doing!' cried Alice, jumping up and down in +an agony of terror. 'Oh, there goes his PRECIOUS nose'; as an unusually +large saucepan flew close by it, and very nearly carried it off. + +'If everybody minded their own business,' the Duchess said in a hoarse +growl, 'the world would go round a deal faster than it does.' + +'Which would NOT be an advantage,' said Alice, who felt very glad to get +an opportunity of showing off a little of her knowledge. 'Just think of +what work it would make with the day and night! You see the earth takes +twenty-four hours to turn round on its axis--' + +'Talking of axes,' said the Duchess, 'chop off her head!' + +Alice glanced rather anxiously at the cook, to see if she meant to take +the hint; but the cook was busily stirring the soup, and seemed not to +be listening, so she went on again: 'Twenty-four hours, I THINK; or is +it twelve? I--' + +'Oh, don't bother ME,' said the Duchess; 'I never could abide figures!' +And with that she began nursing her child again, singing a sort of +lullaby to it as she did so, and giving it a violent shake at the end of +every line: + + 'Speak roughly to your little boy, + And beat him when he sneezes: + He only does it to annoy, + Because he knows it teases.' + + CHORUS. + + (In which the cook and the baby joined):-- + + 'Wow! wow! wow!' + +While the Duchess sang the second verse of the song, she kept tossing +the baby violently up and down, and the poor little thing howled so, +that Alice could hardly hear the words:-- + + 'I speak severely to my boy, + I beat him when he sneezes; + For he can thoroughly enjoy + The pepper when he pleases!' + + CHORUS. + + 'Wow! wow! wow!' + +'Here! you may nurse it a bit, if you like!' the Duchess said to Alice, +flinging the baby at her as she spoke. 'I must go and get ready to play +croquet with the Queen,' and she hurried out of the room. The cook threw +a frying-pan after her as she went out, but it just missed her. + +Alice caught the baby with some difficulty, as it was a queer-shaped +little creature, and held out its arms and legs in all directions, 'just +like a star-fish,' thought Alice. The poor little thing was snorting +like a steam-engine when she caught it, and kept doubling itself up and +straightening itself out again, so that altogether, for the first minute +or two, it was as much as she could do to hold it. + +As soon as she had made out the proper way of nursing it, (which was to +twist it up into a sort of knot, and then keep tight hold of its right +ear and left foot, so as to prevent its undoing itself,) she carried +it out into the open air. 'IF I don't take this child away with me,' +thought Alice, 'they're sure to kill it in a day or two: wouldn't it be +murder to leave it behind?' She said the last words out loud, and the +little thing grunted in reply (it had left off sneezing by this time). +'Don't grunt,' said Alice; 'that's not at all a proper way of expressing +yourself.' + +The baby grunted again, and Alice looked very anxiously into its face to +see what was the matter with it. There could be no doubt that it had +a VERY turn-up nose, much more like a snout than a real nose; also its +eyes were getting extremely small for a baby: altogether Alice did not +like the look of the thing at all. 'But perhaps it was only sobbing,' +she thought, and looked into its eyes again, to see if there were any +tears. + +No, there were no tears. 'If you're going to turn into a pig, my dear,' +said Alice, seriously, 'I'll have nothing more to do with you. Mind +now!' The poor little thing sobbed again (or grunted, it was impossible +to say which), and they went on for some while in silence. + +Alice was just beginning to think to herself, 'Now, what am I to do with +this creature when I get it home?' when it grunted again, so violently, +that she looked down into its face in some alarm. This time there could +be NO mistake about it: it was neither more nor less than a pig, and she +felt that it would be quite absurd for her to carry it further. + +So she set the little creature down, and felt quite relieved to see +it trot away quietly into the wood. 'If it had grown up,' she said +to herself, 'it would have made a dreadfully ugly child: but it makes +rather a handsome pig, I think.' And she began thinking over other +children she knew, who might do very well as pigs, and was just saying +to herself, 'if one only knew the right way to change them--' when she +was a little startled by seeing the Cheshire Cat sitting on a bough of a +tree a few yards off. + +The Cat only grinned when it saw Alice. It looked good-natured, she +thought: still it had VERY long claws and a great many teeth, so she +felt that it ought to be treated with respect. + +'Cheshire Puss,' she began, rather timidly, as she did not at all know +whether it would like the name: however, it only grinned a little wider. +'Come, it's pleased so far,' thought Alice, and she went on. 'Would you +tell me, please, which way I ought to go from here?' + +'That depends a good deal on where you want to get to,' said the Cat. + +'I don't much care where--' said Alice. + +'Then it doesn't matter which way you go,' said the Cat. + +'--so long as I get SOMEWHERE,' Alice added as an explanation. + +'Oh, you're sure to do that,' said the Cat, 'if you only walk long +enough.' + +Alice felt that this could not be denied, so she tried another question. +'What sort of people live about here?' + +'In THAT direction,' the Cat said, waving its right paw round, 'lives +a Hatter: and in THAT direction,' waving the other paw, 'lives a March +Hare. Visit either you like: they're both mad.' + +'But I don't want to go among mad people,' Alice remarked. + +'Oh, you can't help that,' said the Cat: 'we're all mad here. I'm mad. +You're mad.' + +'How do you know I'm mad?' said Alice. + +'You must be,' said the Cat, 'or you wouldn't have come here.' + +Alice didn't think that proved it at all; however, she went on 'And how +do you know that you're mad?' + +'To begin with,' said the Cat, 'a dog's not mad. You grant that?' + +'I suppose so,' said Alice. + +'Well, then,' the Cat went on, 'you see, a dog growls when it's angry, +and wags its tail when it's pleased. Now I growl when I'm pleased, and +wag my tail when I'm angry. Therefore I'm mad.' + +'I call it purring, not growling,' said Alice. + +'Call it what you like,' said the Cat. 'Do you play croquet with the +Queen to-day?' + +'I should like it very much,' said Alice, 'but I haven't been invited +yet.' + +'You'll see me there,' said the Cat, and vanished. + +Alice was not much surprised at this, she was getting so used to queer +things happening. While she was looking at the place where it had been, +it suddenly appeared again. + +'By-the-bye, what became of the baby?' said the Cat. 'I'd nearly +forgotten to ask.' + +'It turned into a pig,' Alice quietly said, just as if it had come back +in a natural way. + +'I thought it would,' said the Cat, and vanished again. + +Alice waited a little, half expecting to see it again, but it did not +appear, and after a minute or two she walked on in the direction in +which the March Hare was said to live. 'I've seen hatters before,' she +said to herself; 'the March Hare will be much the most interesting, and +perhaps as this is May it won't be raving mad--at least not so mad as +it was in March.' As she said this, she looked up, and there was the Cat +again, sitting on a branch of a tree. + +'Did you say pig, or fig?' said the Cat. + +'I said pig,' replied Alice; 'and I wish you wouldn't keep appearing and +vanishing so suddenly: you make one quite giddy.' + +'All right,' said the Cat; and this time it vanished quite slowly, +beginning with the end of the tail, and ending with the grin, which +remained some time after the rest of it had gone. + +'Well! I've often seen a cat without a grin,' thought Alice; 'but a grin +without a cat! It's the most curious thing I ever saw in my life!' + +She had not gone much farther before she came in sight of the house +of the March Hare: she thought it must be the right house, because the +chimneys were shaped like ears and the roof was thatched with fur. It +was so large a house, that she did not like to go nearer till she had +nibbled some more of the lefthand bit of mushroom, and raised herself to +about two feet high: even then she walked up towards it rather timidly, +saying to herself 'Suppose it should be raving mad after all! I almost +wish I'd gone to see the Hatter instead!' + + + + +CHAPTER VII. A Mad Tea-Party + +There was a table set out under a tree in front of the house, and the +March Hare and the Hatter were having tea at it: a Dormouse was sitting +between them, fast asleep, and the other two were using it as a +cushion, resting their elbows on it, and talking over its head. 'Very +uncomfortable for the Dormouse,' thought Alice; 'only, as it's asleep, I +suppose it doesn't mind.' + +The table was a large one, but the three were all crowded together at +one corner of it: 'No room! No room!' they cried out when they saw Alice +coming. 'There's PLENTY of room!' said Alice indignantly, and she sat +down in a large arm-chair at one end of the table. + +'Have some wine,' the March Hare said in an encouraging tone. + +Alice looked all round the table, but there was nothing on it but tea. +'I don't see any wine,' she remarked. + +'There isn't any,' said the March Hare. + +'Then it wasn't very civil of you to offer it,' said Alice angrily. + +'It wasn't very civil of you to sit down without being invited,' said +the March Hare. + +'I didn't know it was YOUR table,' said Alice; 'it's laid for a great +many more than three.' + +'Your hair wants cutting,' said the Hatter. He had been looking at Alice +for some time with great curiosity, and this was his first speech. + +'You should learn not to make personal remarks,' Alice said with some +severity; 'it's very rude.' + +The Hatter opened his eyes very wide on hearing this; but all he SAID +was, 'Why is a raven like a writing-desk?' + +'Come, we shall have some fun now!' thought Alice. 'I'm glad they've +begun asking riddles.--I believe I can guess that,' she added aloud. + +'Do you mean that you think you can find out the answer to it?' said the +March Hare. + +'Exactly so,' said Alice. + +'Then you should say what you mean,' the March Hare went on. + +'I do,' Alice hastily replied; 'at least--at least I mean what I +say--that's the same thing, you know.' + +'Not the same thing a bit!' said the Hatter. 'You might just as well say +that "I see what I eat" is the same thing as "I eat what I see"!' + +'You might just as well say,' added the March Hare, 'that "I like what I +get" is the same thing as "I get what I like"!' + +'You might just as well say,' added the Dormouse, who seemed to be +talking in his sleep, 'that "I breathe when I sleep" is the same thing +as "I sleep when I breathe"!' + +'It IS the same thing with you,' said the Hatter, and here the +conversation dropped, and the party sat silent for a minute, while Alice +thought over all she could remember about ravens and writing-desks, +which wasn't much. + +The Hatter was the first to break the silence. 'What day of the month +is it?' he said, turning to Alice: he had taken his watch out of his +pocket, and was looking at it uneasily, shaking it every now and then, +and holding it to his ear. + +Alice considered a little, and then said 'The fourth.' + +'Two days wrong!' sighed the Hatter. 'I told you butter wouldn't suit +the works!' he added looking angrily at the March Hare. + +'It was the BEST butter,' the March Hare meekly replied. + +'Yes, but some crumbs must have got in as well,' the Hatter grumbled: +'you shouldn't have put it in with the bread-knife.' + +The March Hare took the watch and looked at it gloomily: then he dipped +it into his cup of tea, and looked at it again: but he could think of +nothing better to say than his first remark, 'It was the BEST butter, +you know.' + +Alice had been looking over his shoulder with some curiosity. 'What a +funny watch!' she remarked. 'It tells the day of the month, and doesn't +tell what o'clock it is!' + +'Why should it?' muttered the Hatter. 'Does YOUR watch tell you what +year it is?' + +'Of course not,' Alice replied very readily: 'but that's because it +stays the same year for such a long time together.' + +'Which is just the case with MINE,' said the Hatter. + +Alice felt dreadfully puzzled. The Hatter's remark seemed to have no +sort of meaning in it, and yet it was certainly English. 'I don't quite +understand you,' she said, as politely as she could. + +'The Dormouse is asleep again,' said the Hatter, and he poured a little +hot tea upon its nose. + +The Dormouse shook its head impatiently, and said, without opening its +eyes, 'Of course, of course; just what I was going to remark myself.' + +'Have you guessed the riddle yet?' the Hatter said, turning to Alice +again. + +'No, I give it up,' Alice replied: 'what's the answer?' + +'I haven't the slightest idea,' said the Hatter. + +'Nor I,' said the March Hare. + +Alice sighed wearily. 'I think you might do something better with the +time,' she said, 'than waste it in asking riddles that have no answers.' + +'If you knew Time as well as I do,' said the Hatter, 'you wouldn't talk +about wasting IT. It's HIM.' + +'I don't know what you mean,' said Alice. + +'Of course you don't!' the Hatter said, tossing his head contemptuously. +'I dare say you never even spoke to Time!' + +'Perhaps not,' Alice cautiously replied: 'but I know I have to beat time +when I learn music.' + +'Ah! that accounts for it,' said the Hatter. 'He won't stand beating. +Now, if you only kept on good terms with him, he'd do almost anything +you liked with the clock. For instance, suppose it were nine o'clock in +the morning, just time to begin lessons: you'd only have to whisper a +hint to Time, and round goes the clock in a twinkling! Half-past one, +time for dinner!' + +('I only wish it was,' the March Hare said to itself in a whisper.) + +'That would be grand, certainly,' said Alice thoughtfully: 'but then--I +shouldn't be hungry for it, you know.' + +'Not at first, perhaps,' said the Hatter: 'but you could keep it to +half-past one as long as you liked.' + +'Is that the way YOU manage?' Alice asked. + +The Hatter shook his head mournfully. 'Not I!' he replied. 'We +quarrelled last March--just before HE went mad, you know--' (pointing +with his tea spoon at the March Hare,) '--it was at the great concert +given by the Queen of Hearts, and I had to sing + + "Twinkle, twinkle, little bat! + How I wonder what you're at!" + +You know the song, perhaps?' + +'I've heard something like it,' said Alice. + +'It goes on, you know,' the Hatter continued, 'in this way:-- + + "Up above the world you fly, + Like a tea-tray in the sky. + Twinkle, twinkle--"' + +Here the Dormouse shook itself, and began singing in its sleep 'Twinkle, +twinkle, twinkle, twinkle--' and went on so long that they had to pinch +it to make it stop. + +'Well, I'd hardly finished the first verse,' said the Hatter, 'when the +Queen jumped up and bawled out, "He's murdering the time! Off with his +head!"' + +'How dreadfully savage!' exclaimed Alice. + +'And ever since that,' the Hatter went on in a mournful tone, 'he won't +do a thing I ask! It's always six o'clock now.' + +A bright idea came into Alice's head. 'Is that the reason so many +tea-things are put out here?' she asked. + +'Yes, that's it,' said the Hatter with a sigh: 'it's always tea-time, +and we've no time to wash the things between whiles.' + +'Then you keep moving round, I suppose?' said Alice. + +'Exactly so,' said the Hatter: 'as the things get used up.' + +'But what happens when you come to the beginning again?' Alice ventured +to ask. + +'Suppose we change the subject,' the March Hare interrupted, yawning. +'I'm getting tired of this. I vote the young lady tells us a story.' + +'I'm afraid I don't know one,' said Alice, rather alarmed at the +proposal. + +'Then the Dormouse shall!' they both cried. 'Wake up, Dormouse!' And +they pinched it on both sides at once. + +The Dormouse slowly opened his eyes. 'I wasn't asleep,' he said in a +hoarse, feeble voice: 'I heard every word you fellows were saying.' + +'Tell us a story!' said the March Hare. + +'Yes, please do!' pleaded Alice. + +'And be quick about it,' added the Hatter, 'or you'll be asleep again +before it's done.' + +'Once upon a time there were three little sisters,' the Dormouse began +in a great hurry; 'and their names were Elsie, Lacie, and Tillie; and +they lived at the bottom of a well--' + +'What did they live on?' said Alice, who always took a great interest in +questions of eating and drinking. + +'They lived on treacle,' said the Dormouse, after thinking a minute or +two. + +'They couldn't have done that, you know,' Alice gently remarked; 'they'd +have been ill.' + +'So they were,' said the Dormouse; 'VERY ill.' + +Alice tried to fancy to herself what such an extraordinary ways of +living would be like, but it puzzled her too much, so she went on: 'But +why did they live at the bottom of a well?' + +'Take some more tea,' the March Hare said to Alice, very earnestly. + +'I've had nothing yet,' Alice replied in an offended tone, 'so I can't +take more.' + +'You mean you can't take LESS,' said the Hatter: 'it's very easy to take +MORE than nothing.' + +'Nobody asked YOUR opinion,' said Alice. + +'Who's making personal remarks now?' the Hatter asked triumphantly. + +Alice did not quite know what to say to this: so she helped herself +to some tea and bread-and-butter, and then turned to the Dormouse, and +repeated her question. 'Why did they live at the bottom of a well?' + +The Dormouse again took a minute or two to think about it, and then +said, 'It was a treacle-well.' + +'There's no such thing!' Alice was beginning very angrily, but the +Hatter and the March Hare went 'Sh! sh!' and the Dormouse sulkily +remarked, 'If you can't be civil, you'd better finish the story for +yourself.' + +'No, please go on!' Alice said very humbly; 'I won't interrupt again. I +dare say there may be ONE.' + +'One, indeed!' said the Dormouse indignantly. However, he consented to +go on. 'And so these three little sisters--they were learning to draw, +you know--' + +'What did they draw?' said Alice, quite forgetting her promise. + +'Treacle,' said the Dormouse, without considering at all this time. + +'I want a clean cup,' interrupted the Hatter: 'let's all move one place +on.' + +He moved on as he spoke, and the Dormouse followed him: the March Hare +moved into the Dormouse's place, and Alice rather unwillingly took +the place of the March Hare. The Hatter was the only one who got any +advantage from the change: and Alice was a good deal worse off than +before, as the March Hare had just upset the milk-jug into his plate. + +Alice did not wish to offend the Dormouse again, so she began very +cautiously: 'But I don't understand. Where did they draw the treacle +from?' + +'You can draw water out of a water-well,' said the Hatter; 'so I should +think you could draw treacle out of a treacle-well--eh, stupid?' + +'But they were IN the well,' Alice said to the Dormouse, not choosing to +notice this last remark. + +'Of course they were', said the Dormouse; '--well in.' + +This answer so confused poor Alice, that she let the Dormouse go on for +some time without interrupting it. + +'They were learning to draw,' the Dormouse went on, yawning and rubbing +its eyes, for it was getting very sleepy; 'and they drew all manner of +things--everything that begins with an M--' + +'Why with an M?' said Alice. + +'Why not?' said the March Hare. + +Alice was silent. + +The Dormouse had closed its eyes by this time, and was going off into +a doze; but, on being pinched by the Hatter, it woke up again with +a little shriek, and went on: '--that begins with an M, such as +mouse-traps, and the moon, and memory, and muchness--you know you say +things are "much of a muchness"--did you ever see such a thing as a +drawing of a muchness?' + +'Really, now you ask me,' said Alice, very much confused, 'I don't +think--' + +'Then you shouldn't talk,' said the Hatter. + +This piece of rudeness was more than Alice could bear: she got up in +great disgust, and walked off; the Dormouse fell asleep instantly, and +neither of the others took the least notice of her going, though she +looked back once or twice, half hoping that they would call after her: +the last time she saw them, they were trying to put the Dormouse into +the teapot. + +'At any rate I'll never go THERE again!' said Alice as she picked her +way through the wood. 'It's the stupidest tea-party I ever was at in all +my life!' + +Just as she said this, she noticed that one of the trees had a door +leading right into it. 'That's very curious!' she thought. 'But +everything's curious today. I think I may as well go in at once.' And in +she went. + +Once more she found herself in the long hall, and close to the little +glass table. 'Now, I'll manage better this time,' she said to herself, +and began by taking the little golden key, and unlocking the door that +led into the garden. Then she went to work nibbling at the mushroom (she +had kept a piece of it in her pocket) till she was about a foot high: +then she walked down the little passage: and THEN--she found herself at +last in the beautiful garden, among the bright flower-beds and the cool +fountains. + + + + +CHAPTER VIII. The Queen's Croquet-Ground + +A large rose-tree stood near the entrance of the garden: the roses +growing on it were white, but there were three gardeners at it, busily +painting them red. Alice thought this a very curious thing, and she went +nearer to watch them, and just as she came up to them she heard one of +them say, 'Look out now, Five! Don't go splashing paint over me like +that!' + +'I couldn't help it,' said Five, in a sulky tone; 'Seven jogged my +elbow.' + +On which Seven looked up and said, 'That's right, Five! Always lay the +blame on others!' + +'YOU'D better not talk!' said Five. 'I heard the Queen say only +yesterday you deserved to be beheaded!' + +'What for?' said the one who had spoken first. + +'That's none of YOUR business, Two!' said Seven. + +'Yes, it IS his business!' said Five, 'and I'll tell him--it was for +bringing the cook tulip-roots instead of onions.' + +Seven flung down his brush, and had just begun 'Well, of all the unjust +things--' when his eye chanced to fall upon Alice, as she stood watching +them, and he checked himself suddenly: the others looked round also, and +all of them bowed low. + +'Would you tell me,' said Alice, a little timidly, 'why you are painting +those roses?' + +Five and Seven said nothing, but looked at Two. Two began in a low +voice, 'Why the fact is, you see, Miss, this here ought to have been a +RED rose-tree, and we put a white one in by mistake; and if the Queen +was to find it out, we should all have our heads cut off, you know. +So you see, Miss, we're doing our best, afore she comes, to--' At this +moment Five, who had been anxiously looking across the garden, called +out 'The Queen! The Queen!' and the three gardeners instantly threw +themselves flat upon their faces. There was a sound of many footsteps, +and Alice looked round, eager to see the Queen. + +First came ten soldiers carrying clubs; these were all shaped like +the three gardeners, oblong and flat, with their hands and feet at the +corners: next the ten courtiers; these were ornamented all over with +diamonds, and walked two and two, as the soldiers did. After these came +the royal children; there were ten of them, and the little dears came +jumping merrily along hand in hand, in couples: they were all ornamented +with hearts. Next came the guests, mostly Kings and Queens, and among +them Alice recognised the White Rabbit: it was talking in a hurried +nervous manner, smiling at everything that was said, and went by without +noticing her. Then followed the Knave of Hearts, carrying the King's +crown on a crimson velvet cushion; and, last of all this grand +procession, came THE KING AND QUEEN OF HEARTS. + +Alice was rather doubtful whether she ought not to lie down on her face +like the three gardeners, but she could not remember ever having heard +of such a rule at processions; 'and besides, what would be the use of +a procession,' thought she, 'if people had all to lie down upon their +faces, so that they couldn't see it?' So she stood still where she was, +and waited. + +When the procession came opposite to Alice, they all stopped and looked +at her, and the Queen said severely 'Who is this?' She said it to the +Knave of Hearts, who only bowed and smiled in reply. + +'Idiot!' said the Queen, tossing her head impatiently; and, turning to +Alice, she went on, 'What's your name, child?' + +'My name is Alice, so please your Majesty,' said Alice very politely; +but she added, to herself, 'Why, they're only a pack of cards, after +all. I needn't be afraid of them!' + +'And who are THESE?' said the Queen, pointing to the three gardeners who +were lying round the rosetree; for, you see, as they were lying on their +faces, and the pattern on their backs was the same as the rest of the +pack, she could not tell whether they were gardeners, or soldiers, or +courtiers, or three of her own children. + +'How should I know?' said Alice, surprised at her own courage. 'It's no +business of MINE.' + +The Queen turned crimson with fury, and, after glaring at her for a +moment like a wild beast, screamed 'Off with her head! Off--' + +'Nonsense!' said Alice, very loudly and decidedly, and the Queen was +silent. + +The King laid his hand upon her arm, and timidly said 'Consider, my +dear: she is only a child!' + +The Queen turned angrily away from him, and said to the Knave 'Turn them +over!' + +The Knave did so, very carefully, with one foot. + +'Get up!' said the Queen, in a shrill, loud voice, and the three +gardeners instantly jumped up, and began bowing to the King, the Queen, +the royal children, and everybody else. + +'Leave off that!' screamed the Queen. 'You make me giddy.' And then, +turning to the rose-tree, she went on, 'What HAVE you been doing here?' + +'May it please your Majesty,' said Two, in a very humble tone, going +down on one knee as he spoke, 'we were trying--' + +'I see!' said the Queen, who had meanwhile been examining the roses. +'Off with their heads!' and the procession moved on, three of the +soldiers remaining behind to execute the unfortunate gardeners, who ran +to Alice for protection. + +'You shan't be beheaded!' said Alice, and she put them into a large +flower-pot that stood near. The three soldiers wandered about for a +minute or two, looking for them, and then quietly marched off after the +others. + +'Are their heads off?' shouted the Queen. + +'Their heads are gone, if it please your Majesty!' the soldiers shouted +in reply. + +'That's right!' shouted the Queen. 'Can you play croquet?' + +The soldiers were silent, and looked at Alice, as the question was +evidently meant for her. + +'Yes!' shouted Alice. + +'Come on, then!' roared the Queen, and Alice joined the procession, +wondering very much what would happen next. + +'It's--it's a very fine day!' said a timid voice at her side. She was +walking by the White Rabbit, who was peeping anxiously into her face. + +'Very,' said Alice: '--where's the Duchess?' + +'Hush! Hush!' said the Rabbit in a low, hurried tone. He looked +anxiously over his shoulder as he spoke, and then raised himself upon +tiptoe, put his mouth close to her ear, and whispered 'She's under +sentence of execution.' + +'What for?' said Alice. + +'Did you say "What a pity!"?' the Rabbit asked. + +'No, I didn't,' said Alice: 'I don't think it's at all a pity. I said +"What for?"' + +'She boxed the Queen's ears--' the Rabbit began. Alice gave a little +scream of laughter. 'Oh, hush!' the Rabbit whispered in a frightened +tone. 'The Queen will hear you! You see, she came rather late, and the +Queen said--' + +'Get to your places!' shouted the Queen in a voice of thunder, and +people began running about in all directions, tumbling up against each +other; however, they got settled down in a minute or two, and the game +began. Alice thought she had never seen such a curious croquet-ground in +her life; it was all ridges and furrows; the balls were live hedgehogs, +the mallets live flamingoes, and the soldiers had to double themselves +up and to stand on their hands and feet, to make the arches. + +The chief difficulty Alice found at first was in managing her flamingo: +she succeeded in getting its body tucked away, comfortably enough, under +her arm, with its legs hanging down, but generally, just as she had got +its neck nicely straightened out, and was going to give the hedgehog a +blow with its head, it WOULD twist itself round and look up in her face, +with such a puzzled expression that she could not help bursting out +laughing: and when she had got its head down, and was going to begin +again, it was very provoking to find that the hedgehog had unrolled +itself, and was in the act of crawling away: besides all this, there was +generally a ridge or furrow in the way wherever she wanted to send the +hedgehog to, and, as the doubled-up soldiers were always getting up +and walking off to other parts of the ground, Alice soon came to the +conclusion that it was a very difficult game indeed. + +The players all played at once without waiting for turns, quarrelling +all the while, and fighting for the hedgehogs; and in a very short +time the Queen was in a furious passion, and went stamping about, and +shouting 'Off with his head!' or 'Off with her head!' about once in a +minute. + +Alice began to feel very uneasy: to be sure, she had not as yet had any +dispute with the Queen, but she knew that it might happen any minute, +'and then,' thought she, 'what would become of me? They're dreadfully +fond of beheading people here; the great wonder is, that there's any one +left alive!' + +She was looking about for some way of escape, and wondering whether she +could get away without being seen, when she noticed a curious appearance +in the air: it puzzled her very much at first, but, after watching it +a minute or two, she made it out to be a grin, and she said to herself +'It's the Cheshire Cat: now I shall have somebody to talk to.' + +'How are you getting on?' said the Cat, as soon as there was mouth +enough for it to speak with. + +Alice waited till the eyes appeared, and then nodded. 'It's no use +speaking to it,' she thought, 'till its ears have come, or at least one +of them.' In another minute the whole head appeared, and then Alice put +down her flamingo, and began an account of the game, feeling very glad +she had someone to listen to her. The Cat seemed to think that there was +enough of it now in sight, and no more of it appeared. + +'I don't think they play at all fairly,' Alice began, in rather a +complaining tone, 'and they all quarrel so dreadfully one can't hear +oneself speak--and they don't seem to have any rules in particular; +at least, if there are, nobody attends to them--and you've no idea how +confusing it is all the things being alive; for instance, there's the +arch I've got to go through next walking about at the other end of the +ground--and I should have croqueted the Queen's hedgehog just now, only +it ran away when it saw mine coming!' + +'How do you like the Queen?' said the Cat in a low voice. + +'Not at all,' said Alice: 'she's so extremely--' Just then she noticed +that the Queen was close behind her, listening: so she went on, +'--likely to win, that it's hardly worth while finishing the game.' + +The Queen smiled and passed on. + +'Who ARE you talking to?' said the King, going up to Alice, and looking +at the Cat's head with great curiosity. + +'It's a friend of mine--a Cheshire Cat,' said Alice: 'allow me to +introduce it.' + +'I don't like the look of it at all,' said the King: 'however, it may +kiss my hand if it likes.' + +'I'd rather not,' the Cat remarked. + +'Don't be impertinent,' said the King, 'and don't look at me like that!' +He got behind Alice as he spoke. + +'A cat may look at a king,' said Alice. 'I've read that in some book, +but I don't remember where.' + +'Well, it must be removed,' said the King very decidedly, and he called +the Queen, who was passing at the moment, 'My dear! I wish you would +have this cat removed!' + +The Queen had only one way of settling all difficulties, great or small. +'Off with his head!' she said, without even looking round. + +'I'll fetch the executioner myself,' said the King eagerly, and he +hurried off. + +Alice thought she might as well go back, and see how the game was going +on, as she heard the Queen's voice in the distance, screaming with +passion. She had already heard her sentence three of the players to be +executed for having missed their turns, and she did not like the look +of things at all, as the game was in such confusion that she never knew +whether it was her turn or not. So she went in search of her hedgehog. + +The hedgehog was engaged in a fight with another hedgehog, which seemed +to Alice an excellent opportunity for croqueting one of them with the +other: the only difficulty was, that her flamingo was gone across to the +other side of the garden, where Alice could see it trying in a helpless +sort of way to fly up into a tree. + +By the time she had caught the flamingo and brought it back, the fight +was over, and both the hedgehogs were out of sight: 'but it doesn't +matter much,' thought Alice, 'as all the arches are gone from this side +of the ground.' So she tucked it away under her arm, that it might not +escape again, and went back for a little more conversation with her +friend. + +When she got back to the Cheshire Cat, she was surprised to find quite a +large crowd collected round it: there was a dispute going on between +the executioner, the King, and the Queen, who were all talking at once, +while all the rest were quite silent, and looked very uncomfortable. + +The moment Alice appeared, she was appealed to by all three to settle +the question, and they repeated their arguments to her, though, as they +all spoke at once, she found it very hard indeed to make out exactly +what they said. + +The executioner's argument was, that you couldn't cut off a head unless +there was a body to cut it off from: that he had never had to do such a +thing before, and he wasn't going to begin at HIS time of life. + +The King's argument was, that anything that had a head could be +beheaded, and that you weren't to talk nonsense. + +The Queen's argument was, that if something wasn't done about it in less +than no time she'd have everybody executed, all round. (It was this last +remark that had made the whole party look so grave and anxious.) + +Alice could think of nothing else to say but 'It belongs to the Duchess: +you'd better ask HER about it.' + +'She's in prison,' the Queen said to the executioner: 'fetch her here.' +And the executioner went off like an arrow. + + The Cat's head began fading away the moment he was gone, and, +by the time he had come back with the Duchess, it had entirely +disappeared; so the King and the executioner ran wildly up and down +looking for it, while the rest of the party went back to the game. + + + + +CHAPTER IX. The Mock Turtle's Story + +'You can't think how glad I am to see you again, you dear old thing!' +said the Duchess, as she tucked her arm affectionately into Alice's, and +they walked off together. + +Alice was very glad to find her in such a pleasant temper, and thought +to herself that perhaps it was only the pepper that had made her so +savage when they met in the kitchen. + +'When I'M a Duchess,' she said to herself, (not in a very hopeful tone +though), 'I won't have any pepper in my kitchen AT ALL. Soup does very +well without--Maybe it's always pepper that makes people hot-tempered,' +she went on, very much pleased at having found out a new kind of +rule, 'and vinegar that makes them sour--and camomile that makes +them bitter--and--and barley-sugar and such things that make children +sweet-tempered. I only wish people knew that: then they wouldn't be so +stingy about it, you know--' + +She had quite forgotten the Duchess by this time, and was a little +startled when she heard her voice close to her ear. 'You're thinking +about something, my dear, and that makes you forget to talk. I can't +tell you just now what the moral of that is, but I shall remember it in +a bit.' + +'Perhaps it hasn't one,' Alice ventured to remark. + +'Tut, tut, child!' said the Duchess. 'Everything's got a moral, if only +you can find it.' And she squeezed herself up closer to Alice's side as +she spoke. + +Alice did not much like keeping so close to her: first, because the +Duchess was VERY ugly; and secondly, because she was exactly the +right height to rest her chin upon Alice's shoulder, and it was an +uncomfortably sharp chin. However, she did not like to be rude, so she +bore it as well as she could. + +'The game's going on rather better now,' she said, by way of keeping up +the conversation a little. + +''Tis so,' said the Duchess: 'and the moral of that is--"Oh, 'tis love, +'tis love, that makes the world go round!"' + +'Somebody said,' Alice whispered, 'that it's done by everybody minding +their own business!' + +'Ah, well! It means much the same thing,' said the Duchess, digging her +sharp little chin into Alice's shoulder as she added, 'and the moral +of THAT is--"Take care of the sense, and the sounds will take care of +themselves."' + +'How fond she is of finding morals in things!' Alice thought to herself. + +'I dare say you're wondering why I don't put my arm round your waist,' +the Duchess said after a pause: 'the reason is, that I'm doubtful about +the temper of your flamingo. Shall I try the experiment?' + +'HE might bite,' Alice cautiously replied, not feeling at all anxious to +have the experiment tried. + +'Very true,' said the Duchess: 'flamingoes and mustard both bite. And +the moral of that is--"Birds of a feather flock together."' + +'Only mustard isn't a bird,' Alice remarked. + +'Right, as usual,' said the Duchess: 'what a clear way you have of +putting things!' + +'It's a mineral, I THINK,' said Alice. + +'Of course it is,' said the Duchess, who seemed ready to agree to +everything that Alice said; 'there's a large mustard-mine near here. And +the moral of that is--"The more there is of mine, the less there is of +yours."' + +'Oh, I know!' exclaimed Alice, who had not attended to this last remark, +'it's a vegetable. It doesn't look like one, but it is.' + +'I quite agree with you,' said the Duchess; 'and the moral of that +is--"Be what you would seem to be"--or if you'd like it put more +simply--"Never imagine yourself not to be otherwise than what it might +appear to others that what you were or might have been was not otherwise +than what you had been would have appeared to them to be otherwise."' + +'I think I should understand that better,' Alice said very politely, 'if +I had it written down: but I can't quite follow it as you say it.' + +'That's nothing to what I could say if I chose,' the Duchess replied, in +a pleased tone. + +'Pray don't trouble yourself to say it any longer than that,' said +Alice. + +'Oh, don't talk about trouble!' said the Duchess. 'I make you a present +of everything I've said as yet.' + +'A cheap sort of present!' thought Alice. 'I'm glad they don't give +birthday presents like that!' But she did not venture to say it out +loud. + +'Thinking again?' the Duchess asked, with another dig of her sharp +little chin. + +'I've a right to think,' said Alice sharply, for she was beginning to +feel a little worried. + +'Just about as much right,' said the Duchess, 'as pigs have to fly; and +the m--' + +But here, to Alice's great surprise, the Duchess's voice died away, even +in the middle of her favourite word 'moral,' and the arm that was linked +into hers began to tremble. Alice looked up, and there stood the Queen +in front of them, with her arms folded, frowning like a thunderstorm. + +'A fine day, your Majesty!' the Duchess began in a low, weak voice. + +'Now, I give you fair warning,' shouted the Queen, stamping on the +ground as she spoke; 'either you or your head must be off, and that in +about half no time! Take your choice!' + +The Duchess took her choice, and was gone in a moment. + +'Let's go on with the game,' the Queen said to Alice; and Alice was +too much frightened to say a word, but slowly followed her back to the +croquet-ground. + +The other guests had taken advantage of the Queen's absence, and were +resting in the shade: however, the moment they saw her, they hurried +back to the game, the Queen merely remarking that a moment's delay would +cost them their lives. + +All the time they were playing the Queen never left off quarrelling with +the other players, and shouting 'Off with his head!' or 'Off with her +head!' Those whom she sentenced were taken into custody by the soldiers, +who of course had to leave off being arches to do this, so that by +the end of half an hour or so there were no arches left, and all the +players, except the King, the Queen, and Alice, were in custody and +under sentence of execution. + +Then the Queen left off, quite out of breath, and said to Alice, 'Have +you seen the Mock Turtle yet?' + +'No,' said Alice. 'I don't even know what a Mock Turtle is.' + +'It's the thing Mock Turtle Soup is made from,' said the Queen. + +'I never saw one, or heard of one,' said Alice. + +'Come on, then,' said the Queen, 'and he shall tell you his history,' + +As they walked off together, Alice heard the King say in a low voice, +to the company generally, 'You are all pardoned.' 'Come, THAT'S a good +thing!' she said to herself, for she had felt quite unhappy at the +number of executions the Queen had ordered. + +They very soon came upon a Gryphon, lying fast asleep in the sun. +(IF you don't know what a Gryphon is, look at the picture.) 'Up, lazy +thing!' said the Queen, 'and take this young lady to see the Mock +Turtle, and to hear his history. I must go back and see after some +executions I have ordered'; and she walked off, leaving Alice alone with +the Gryphon. Alice did not quite like the look of the creature, but on +the whole she thought it would be quite as safe to stay with it as to go +after that savage Queen: so she waited. + +The Gryphon sat up and rubbed its eyes: then it watched the Queen till +she was out of sight: then it chuckled. 'What fun!' said the Gryphon, +half to itself, half to Alice. + +'What IS the fun?' said Alice. + +'Why, SHE,' said the Gryphon. 'It's all her fancy, that: they never +executes nobody, you know. Come on!' + +'Everybody says "come on!" here,' thought Alice, as she went slowly +after it: 'I never was so ordered about in all my life, never!' + +They had not gone far before they saw the Mock Turtle in the distance, +sitting sad and lonely on a little ledge of rock, and, as they came +nearer, Alice could hear him sighing as if his heart would break. She +pitied him deeply. 'What is his sorrow?' she asked the Gryphon, and the +Gryphon answered, very nearly in the same words as before, 'It's all his +fancy, that: he hasn't got no sorrow, you know. Come on!' + +So they went up to the Mock Turtle, who looked at them with large eyes +full of tears, but said nothing. + +'This here young lady,' said the Gryphon, 'she wants for to know your +history, she do.' + +'I'll tell it her,' said the Mock Turtle in a deep, hollow tone: 'sit +down, both of you, and don't speak a word till I've finished.' + +So they sat down, and nobody spoke for some minutes. Alice thought to +herself, 'I don't see how he can EVEN finish, if he doesn't begin.' But +she waited patiently. + +'Once,' said the Mock Turtle at last, with a deep sigh, 'I was a real +Turtle.' + +These words were followed by a very long silence, broken only by an +occasional exclamation of 'Hjckrrh!' from the Gryphon, and the constant +heavy sobbing of the Mock Turtle. Alice was very nearly getting up and +saying, 'Thank you, sir, for your interesting story,' but she could +not help thinking there MUST be more to come, so she sat still and said +nothing. + +'When we were little,' the Mock Turtle went on at last, more calmly, +though still sobbing a little now and then, 'we went to school in the +sea. The master was an old Turtle--we used to call him Tortoise--' + +'Why did you call him Tortoise, if he wasn't one?' Alice asked. + +'We called him Tortoise because he taught us,' said the Mock Turtle +angrily: 'really you are very dull!' + +'You ought to be ashamed of yourself for asking such a simple question,' +added the Gryphon; and then they both sat silent and looked at poor +Alice, who felt ready to sink into the earth. At last the Gryphon said +to the Mock Turtle, 'Drive on, old fellow! Don't be all day about it!' +and he went on in these words: + +'Yes, we went to school in the sea, though you mayn't believe it--' + +'I never said I didn't!' interrupted Alice. + +'You did,' said the Mock Turtle. + +'Hold your tongue!' added the Gryphon, before Alice could speak again. +The Mock Turtle went on. + +'We had the best of educations--in fact, we went to school every day--' + +'I'VE been to a day-school, too,' said Alice; 'you needn't be so proud +as all that.' + +'With extras?' asked the Mock Turtle a little anxiously. + +'Yes,' said Alice, 'we learned French and music.' + +'And washing?' said the Mock Turtle. + +'Certainly not!' said Alice indignantly. + +'Ah! then yours wasn't a really good school,' said the Mock Turtle in +a tone of great relief. 'Now at OURS they had at the end of the bill, +"French, music, AND WASHING--extra."' + +'You couldn't have wanted it much,' said Alice; 'living at the bottom of +the sea.' + +'I couldn't afford to learn it.' said the Mock Turtle with a sigh. 'I +only took the regular course.' + +'What was that?' inquired Alice. + +'Reeling and Writhing, of course, to begin with,' the Mock Turtle +replied; 'and then the different branches of Arithmetic--Ambition, +Distraction, Uglification, and Derision.' + +'I never heard of "Uglification,"' Alice ventured to say. 'What is it?' + +The Gryphon lifted up both its paws in surprise. 'What! Never heard of +uglifying!' it exclaimed. 'You know what to beautify is, I suppose?' + +'Yes,' said Alice doubtfully: 'it means--to--make--anything--prettier.' + +'Well, then,' the Gryphon went on, 'if you don't know what to uglify is, +you ARE a simpleton.' + +Alice did not feel encouraged to ask any more questions about it, so she +turned to the Mock Turtle, and said 'What else had you to learn?' + +'Well, there was Mystery,' the Mock Turtle replied, counting off +the subjects on his flappers, '--Mystery, ancient and modern, with +Seaography: then Drawling--the Drawling-master was an old conger-eel, +that used to come once a week: HE taught us Drawling, Stretching, and +Fainting in Coils.' + +'What was THAT like?' said Alice. + +'Well, I can't show it you myself,' the Mock Turtle said: 'I'm too +stiff. And the Gryphon never learnt it.' + +'Hadn't time,' said the Gryphon: 'I went to the Classics master, though. +He was an old crab, HE was.' + +'I never went to him,' the Mock Turtle said with a sigh: 'he taught +Laughing and Grief, they used to say.' + +'So he did, so he did,' said the Gryphon, sighing in his turn; and both +creatures hid their faces in their paws. + +'And how many hours a day did you do lessons?' said Alice, in a hurry to +change the subject. + +'Ten hours the first day,' said the Mock Turtle: 'nine the next, and so +on.' + +'What a curious plan!' exclaimed Alice. + +'That's the reason they're called lessons,' the Gryphon remarked: +'because they lessen from day to day.' + +This was quite a new idea to Alice, and she thought it over a little +before she made her next remark. 'Then the eleventh day must have been a +holiday?' + +'Of course it was,' said the Mock Turtle. + +'And how did you manage on the twelfth?' Alice went on eagerly. + +'That's enough about lessons,' the Gryphon interrupted in a very decided +tone: 'tell her something about the games now.' + + + + +CHAPTER X. The Lobster Quadrille + +The Mock Turtle sighed deeply, and drew the back of one flapper across +his eyes. He looked at Alice, and tried to speak, but for a minute or +two sobs choked his voice. 'Same as if he had a bone in his throat,' +said the Gryphon: and it set to work shaking him and punching him in +the back. At last the Mock Turtle recovered his voice, and, with tears +running down his cheeks, he went on again:-- + +'You may not have lived much under the sea--' ('I haven't,' said +Alice)--'and perhaps you were never even introduced to a lobster--' +(Alice began to say 'I once tasted--' but checked herself hastily, and +said 'No, never') '--so you can have no idea what a delightful thing a +Lobster Quadrille is!' + +'No, indeed,' said Alice. 'What sort of a dance is it?' + +'Why,' said the Gryphon, 'you first form into a line along the +sea-shore--' + +'Two lines!' cried the Mock Turtle. 'Seals, turtles, salmon, and so on; +then, when you've cleared all the jelly-fish out of the way--' + +'THAT generally takes some time,' interrupted the Gryphon. + +'--you advance twice--' + +'Each with a lobster as a partner!' cried the Gryphon. + +'Of course,' the Mock Turtle said: 'advance twice, set to partners--' + +'--change lobsters, and retire in same order,' continued the Gryphon. + +'Then, you know,' the Mock Turtle went on, 'you throw the--' + +'The lobsters!' shouted the Gryphon, with a bound into the air. + +'--as far out to sea as you can--' + +'Swim after them!' screamed the Gryphon. + +'Turn a somersault in the sea!' cried the Mock Turtle, capering wildly +about. + +'Change lobsters again!' yelled the Gryphon at the top of its voice. + +'Back to land again, and that's all the first figure,' said the Mock +Turtle, suddenly dropping his voice; and the two creatures, who had been +jumping about like mad things all this time, sat down again very sadly +and quietly, and looked at Alice. + +'It must be a very pretty dance,' said Alice timidly. + +'Would you like to see a little of it?' said the Mock Turtle. + +'Very much indeed,' said Alice. + +'Come, let's try the first figure!' said the Mock Turtle to the Gryphon. +'We can do without lobsters, you know. Which shall sing?' + +'Oh, YOU sing,' said the Gryphon. 'I've forgotten the words.' + +So they began solemnly dancing round and round Alice, every now and +then treading on her toes when they passed too close, and waving their +forepaws to mark the time, while the Mock Turtle sang this, very slowly +and sadly:-- + + '"Will you walk a little faster?" said a whiting to a snail. + "There's a porpoise close behind us, and he's treading on my tail. + + See how eagerly the lobsters and the turtles all advance! + They are waiting on the shingle--will you come and join the dance? + + Will you, won't you, will you, won't you, will you join the dance? + Will you, won't you, will you, won't you, won't you join the dance? + + "You can really have no notion how delightful it will be + When they take us up and throw us, with the lobsters, out to sea!" + But the snail replied "Too far, too far!" and gave a look askance-- + Said he thanked the whiting kindly, but he would not join the dance. + + Would not, could not, would not, could not, would not join the dance. + Would not, could not, would not, could not, could not join the dance. + + '"What matters it how far we go?" his scaly friend replied. + "There is another shore, you know, upon the other side. + The further off from England the nearer is to France-- + Then turn not pale, beloved snail, but come and join the dance. + + Will you, won't you, will you, won't you, will you join the dance? + Will you, won't you, will you, won't you, won't you join the dance?"' + +'Thank you, it's a very interesting dance to watch,' said Alice, feeling +very glad that it was over at last: 'and I do so like that curious song +about the whiting!' + +'Oh, as to the whiting,' said the Mock Turtle, 'they--you've seen them, +of course?' + +'Yes,' said Alice, 'I've often seen them at dinn--' she checked herself +hastily. + +'I don't know where Dinn may be,' said the Mock Turtle, 'but if you've +seen them so often, of course you know what they're like.' + +'I believe so,' Alice replied thoughtfully. 'They have their tails in +their mouths--and they're all over crumbs.' + +'You're wrong about the crumbs,' said the Mock Turtle: 'crumbs would all +wash off in the sea. But they HAVE their tails in their mouths; and the +reason is--' here the Mock Turtle yawned and shut his eyes.--'Tell her +about the reason and all that,' he said to the Gryphon. + +'The reason is,' said the Gryphon, 'that they WOULD go with the lobsters +to the dance. So they got thrown out to sea. So they had to fall a long +way. So they got their tails fast in their mouths. So they couldn't get +them out again. That's all.' + +'Thank you,' said Alice, 'it's very interesting. I never knew so much +about a whiting before.' + +'I can tell you more than that, if you like,' said the Gryphon. 'Do you +know why it's called a whiting?' + +'I never thought about it,' said Alice. 'Why?' + +'IT DOES THE BOOTS AND SHOES.' the Gryphon replied very solemnly. + +Alice was thoroughly puzzled. 'Does the boots and shoes!' she repeated +in a wondering tone. + +'Why, what are YOUR shoes done with?' said the Gryphon. 'I mean, what +makes them so shiny?' + +Alice looked down at them, and considered a little before she gave her +answer. 'They're done with blacking, I believe.' + +'Boots and shoes under the sea,' the Gryphon went on in a deep voice, +'are done with a whiting. Now you know.' + +'And what are they made of?' Alice asked in a tone of great curiosity. + +'Soles and eels, of course,' the Gryphon replied rather impatiently: +'any shrimp could have told you that.' + +'If I'd been the whiting,' said Alice, whose thoughts were still running +on the song, 'I'd have said to the porpoise, "Keep back, please: we +don't want YOU with us!"' + +'They were obliged to have him with them,' the Mock Turtle said: 'no +wise fish would go anywhere without a porpoise.' + +'Wouldn't it really?' said Alice in a tone of great surprise. + +'Of course not,' said the Mock Turtle: 'why, if a fish came to ME, and +told me he was going a journey, I should say "With what porpoise?"' + +'Don't you mean "purpose"?' said Alice. + +'I mean what I say,' the Mock Turtle replied in an offended tone. And +the Gryphon added 'Come, let's hear some of YOUR adventures.' + +'I could tell you my adventures--beginning from this morning,' said +Alice a little timidly: 'but it's no use going back to yesterday, +because I was a different person then.' + +'Explain all that,' said the Mock Turtle. + +'No, no! The adventures first,' said the Gryphon in an impatient tone: +'explanations take such a dreadful time.' + +So Alice began telling them her adventures from the time when she first +saw the White Rabbit. She was a little nervous about it just at first, +the two creatures got so close to her, one on each side, and opened +their eyes and mouths so VERY wide, but she gained courage as she went +on. Her listeners were perfectly quiet till she got to the part about +her repeating 'YOU ARE OLD, FATHER WILLIAM,' to the Caterpillar, and the +words all coming different, and then the Mock Turtle drew a long breath, +and said 'That's very curious.' + +'It's all about as curious as it can be,' said the Gryphon. + +'It all came different!' the Mock Turtle repeated thoughtfully. 'I +should like to hear her try and repeat something now. Tell her to +begin.' He looked at the Gryphon as if he thought it had some kind of +authority over Alice. + +'Stand up and repeat "'TIS THE VOICE OF THE SLUGGARD,"' said the +Gryphon. + +'How the creatures order one about, and make one repeat lessons!' +thought Alice; 'I might as well be at school at once.' However, she +got up, and began to repeat it, but her head was so full of the Lobster +Quadrille, that she hardly knew what she was saying, and the words came +very queer indeed:-- + + ''Tis the voice of the Lobster; I heard him declare, + "You have baked me too brown, I must sugar my hair." + As a duck with its eyelids, so he with his nose + Trims his belt and his buttons, and turns out his toes.' + + [later editions continued as follows + When the sands are all dry, he is gay as a lark, + And will talk in contemptuous tones of the Shark, + But, when the tide rises and sharks are around, + His voice has a timid and tremulous sound.] + +'That's different from what I used to say when I was a child,' said the +Gryphon. + +'Well, I never heard it before,' said the Mock Turtle; 'but it sounds +uncommon nonsense.' + +Alice said nothing; she had sat down with her face in her hands, +wondering if anything would EVER happen in a natural way again. + +'I should like to have it explained,' said the Mock Turtle. + +'She can't explain it,' said the Gryphon hastily. 'Go on with the next +verse.' + +'But about his toes?' the Mock Turtle persisted. 'How COULD he turn them +out with his nose, you know?' + +'It's the first position in dancing.' Alice said; but was dreadfully +puzzled by the whole thing, and longed to change the subject. + +'Go on with the next verse,' the Gryphon repeated impatiently: 'it +begins "I passed by his garden."' + +Alice did not dare to disobey, though she felt sure it would all come +wrong, and she went on in a trembling voice:-- + + 'I passed by his garden, and marked, with one eye, + How the Owl and the Panther were sharing a pie--' + + [later editions continued as follows + The Panther took pie-crust, and gravy, and meat, + While the Owl had the dish as its share of the treat. + When the pie was all finished, the Owl, as a boon, + Was kindly permitted to pocket the spoon: + While the Panther received knife and fork with a growl, + And concluded the banquet--] + +'What IS the use of repeating all that stuff,' the Mock Turtle +interrupted, 'if you don't explain it as you go on? It's by far the most +confusing thing I ever heard!' + +'Yes, I think you'd better leave off,' said the Gryphon: and Alice was +only too glad to do so. + +'Shall we try another figure of the Lobster Quadrille?' the Gryphon went +on. 'Or would you like the Mock Turtle to sing you a song?' + +'Oh, a song, please, if the Mock Turtle would be so kind,' Alice +replied, so eagerly that the Gryphon said, in a rather offended tone, +'Hm! No accounting for tastes! Sing her "Turtle Soup," will you, old +fellow?' + +The Mock Turtle sighed deeply, and began, in a voice sometimes choked +with sobs, to sing this:-- + + 'Beautiful Soup, so rich and green, + Waiting in a hot tureen! + Who for such dainties would not stoop? + Soup of the evening, beautiful Soup! + Soup of the evening, beautiful Soup! + Beau--ootiful Soo--oop! + Beau--ootiful Soo--oop! + Soo--oop of the e--e--evening, + Beautiful, beautiful Soup! + + 'Beautiful Soup! Who cares for fish, + Game, or any other dish? + Who would not give all else for two + Pennyworth only of beautiful Soup? + Pennyworth only of beautiful Soup? + Beau--ootiful Soo--oop! + Beau--ootiful Soo--oop! + Soo--oop of the e--e--evening, + Beautiful, beauti--FUL SOUP!' + +'Chorus again!' cried the Gryphon, and the Mock Turtle had just begun +to repeat it, when a cry of 'The trial's beginning!' was heard in the +distance. + +'Come on!' cried the Gryphon, and, taking Alice by the hand, it hurried +off, without waiting for the end of the song. + +'What trial is it?' Alice panted as she ran; but the Gryphon only +answered 'Come on!' and ran the faster, while more and more faintly +came, carried on the breeze that followed them, the melancholy words:-- + + 'Soo--oop of the e--e--evening, + Beautiful, beautiful Soup!' + + + + +CHAPTER XI. Who Stole the Tarts? + +The King and Queen of Hearts were seated on their throne when they +arrived, with a great crowd assembled about them--all sorts of little +birds and beasts, as well as the whole pack of cards: the Knave was +standing before them, in chains, with a soldier on each side to guard +him; and near the King was the White Rabbit, with a trumpet in one hand, +and a scroll of parchment in the other. In the very middle of the court +was a table, with a large dish of tarts upon it: they looked so good, +that it made Alice quite hungry to look at them--'I wish they'd get the +trial done,' she thought, 'and hand round the refreshments!' But there +seemed to be no chance of this, so she began looking at everything about +her, to pass away the time. + +Alice had never been in a court of justice before, but she had read +about them in books, and she was quite pleased to find that she knew +the name of nearly everything there. 'That's the judge,' she said to +herself, 'because of his great wig.' + +The judge, by the way, was the King; and as he wore his crown over the +wig, (look at the frontispiece if you want to see how he did it,) he did +not look at all comfortable, and it was certainly not becoming. + +'And that's the jury-box,' thought Alice, 'and those twelve creatures,' +(she was obliged to say 'creatures,' you see, because some of them were +animals, and some were birds,) 'I suppose they are the jurors.' She said +this last word two or three times over to herself, being rather proud of +it: for she thought, and rightly too, that very few little girls of her +age knew the meaning of it at all. However, 'jury-men' would have done +just as well. + +The twelve jurors were all writing very busily on slates. 'What are they +doing?' Alice whispered to the Gryphon. 'They can't have anything to put +down yet, before the trial's begun.' + +'They're putting down their names,' the Gryphon whispered in reply, 'for +fear they should forget them before the end of the trial.' + +'Stupid things!' Alice began in a loud, indignant voice, but she stopped +hastily, for the White Rabbit cried out, 'Silence in the court!' and the +King put on his spectacles and looked anxiously round, to make out who +was talking. + +Alice could see, as well as if she were looking over their shoulders, +that all the jurors were writing down 'stupid things!' on their slates, +and she could even make out that one of them didn't know how to spell +'stupid,' and that he had to ask his neighbour to tell him. 'A nice +muddle their slates'll be in before the trial's over!' thought Alice. + +One of the jurors had a pencil that squeaked. This of course, Alice +could not stand, and she went round the court and got behind him, and +very soon found an opportunity of taking it away. She did it so quickly +that the poor little juror (it was Bill, the Lizard) could not make out +at all what had become of it; so, after hunting all about for it, he was +obliged to write with one finger for the rest of the day; and this was +of very little use, as it left no mark on the slate. + +'Herald, read the accusation!' said the King. + +On this the White Rabbit blew three blasts on the trumpet, and then +unrolled the parchment scroll, and read as follows:-- + + 'The Queen of Hearts, she made some tarts, + All on a summer day: + The Knave of Hearts, he stole those tarts, + And took them quite away!' + +'Consider your verdict,' the King said to the jury. + +'Not yet, not yet!' the Rabbit hastily interrupted. 'There's a great +deal to come before that!' + +'Call the first witness,' said the King; and the White Rabbit blew three +blasts on the trumpet, and called out, 'First witness!' + +The first witness was the Hatter. He came in with a teacup in one +hand and a piece of bread-and-butter in the other. 'I beg pardon, your +Majesty,' he began, 'for bringing these in: but I hadn't quite finished +my tea when I was sent for.' + +'You ought to have finished,' said the King. 'When did you begin?' + +The Hatter looked at the March Hare, who had followed him into the +court, arm-in-arm with the Dormouse. 'Fourteenth of March, I think it +was,' he said. + +'Fifteenth,' said the March Hare. + +'Sixteenth,' added the Dormouse. + +'Write that down,' the King said to the jury, and the jury eagerly +wrote down all three dates on their slates, and then added them up, and +reduced the answer to shillings and pence. + +'Take off your hat,' the King said to the Hatter. + +'It isn't mine,' said the Hatter. + +'Stolen!' the King exclaimed, turning to the jury, who instantly made a +memorandum of the fact. + +'I keep them to sell,' the Hatter added as an explanation; 'I've none of +my own. I'm a hatter.' + +Here the Queen put on her spectacles, and began staring at the Hatter, +who turned pale and fidgeted. + +'Give your evidence,' said the King; 'and don't be nervous, or I'll have +you executed on the spot.' + +This did not seem to encourage the witness at all: he kept shifting +from one foot to the other, looking uneasily at the Queen, and in +his confusion he bit a large piece out of his teacup instead of the +bread-and-butter. + +Just at this moment Alice felt a very curious sensation, which puzzled +her a good deal until she made out what it was: she was beginning to +grow larger again, and she thought at first she would get up and leave +the court; but on second thoughts she decided to remain where she was as +long as there was room for her. + +'I wish you wouldn't squeeze so.' said the Dormouse, who was sitting +next to her. 'I can hardly breathe.' + +'I can't help it,' said Alice very meekly: 'I'm growing.' + +'You've no right to grow here,' said the Dormouse. + +'Don't talk nonsense,' said Alice more boldly: 'you know you're growing +too.' + +'Yes, but I grow at a reasonable pace,' said the Dormouse: 'not in that +ridiculous fashion.' And he got up very sulkily and crossed over to the +other side of the court. + +All this time the Queen had never left off staring at the Hatter, and, +just as the Dormouse crossed the court, she said to one of the officers +of the court, 'Bring me the list of the singers in the last concert!' on +which the wretched Hatter trembled so, that he shook both his shoes off. + +'Give your evidence,' the King repeated angrily, 'or I'll have you +executed, whether you're nervous or not.' + +'I'm a poor man, your Majesty,' the Hatter began, in a trembling voice, +'--and I hadn't begun my tea--not above a week or so--and what with the +bread-and-butter getting so thin--and the twinkling of the tea--' + +'The twinkling of the what?' said the King. + +'It began with the tea,' the Hatter replied. + +'Of course twinkling begins with a T!' said the King sharply. 'Do you +take me for a dunce? Go on!' + +'I'm a poor man,' the Hatter went on, 'and most things twinkled after +that--only the March Hare said--' + +'I didn't!' the March Hare interrupted in a great hurry. + +'You did!' said the Hatter. + +'I deny it!' said the March Hare. + +'He denies it,' said the King: 'leave out that part.' + +'Well, at any rate, the Dormouse said--' the Hatter went on, looking +anxiously round to see if he would deny it too: but the Dormouse denied +nothing, being fast asleep. + +'After that,' continued the Hatter, 'I cut some more bread-and-butter--' + +'But what did the Dormouse say?' one of the jury asked. + +'That I can't remember,' said the Hatter. + +'You MUST remember,' remarked the King, 'or I'll have you executed.' + +The miserable Hatter dropped his teacup and bread-and-butter, and went +down on one knee. 'I'm a poor man, your Majesty,' he began. + +'You're a very poor speaker,' said the King. + +Here one of the guinea-pigs cheered, and was immediately suppressed by +the officers of the court. (As that is rather a hard word, I will just +explain to you how it was done. They had a large canvas bag, which tied +up at the mouth with strings: into this they slipped the guinea-pig, +head first, and then sat upon it.) + +'I'm glad I've seen that done,' thought Alice. 'I've so often read +in the newspapers, at the end of trials, "There was some attempts +at applause, which was immediately suppressed by the officers of the +court," and I never understood what it meant till now.' + +'If that's all you know about it, you may stand down,' continued the +King. + +'I can't go no lower,' said the Hatter: 'I'm on the floor, as it is.' + +'Then you may SIT down,' the King replied. + +Here the other guinea-pig cheered, and was suppressed. + +'Come, that finished the guinea-pigs!' thought Alice. 'Now we shall get +on better.' + +'I'd rather finish my tea,' said the Hatter, with an anxious look at the +Queen, who was reading the list of singers. + +'You may go,' said the King, and the Hatter hurriedly left the court, +without even waiting to put his shoes on. + +'--and just take his head off outside,' the Queen added to one of the +officers: but the Hatter was out of sight before the officer could get +to the door. + +'Call the next witness!' said the King. + +The next witness was the Duchess's cook. She carried the pepper-box in +her hand, and Alice guessed who it was, even before she got into the +court, by the way the people near the door began sneezing all at once. + +'Give your evidence,' said the King. + +'Shan't,' said the cook. + +The King looked anxiously at the White Rabbit, who said in a low voice, +'Your Majesty must cross-examine THIS witness.' + +'Well, if I must, I must,' the King said, with a melancholy air, and, +after folding his arms and frowning at the cook till his eyes were +nearly out of sight, he said in a deep voice, 'What are tarts made of?' + +'Pepper, mostly,' said the cook. + +'Treacle,' said a sleepy voice behind her. + +'Collar that Dormouse,' the Queen shrieked out. 'Behead that Dormouse! +Turn that Dormouse out of court! Suppress him! Pinch him! Off with his +whiskers!' + +For some minutes the whole court was in confusion, getting the Dormouse +turned out, and, by the time they had settled down again, the cook had +disappeared. + +'Never mind!' said the King, with an air of great relief. 'Call the next +witness.' And he added in an undertone to the Queen, 'Really, my dear, +YOU must cross-examine the next witness. It quite makes my forehead +ache!' + +Alice watched the White Rabbit as he fumbled over the list, feeling very +curious to see what the next witness would be like, '--for they haven't +got much evidence YET,' she said to herself. Imagine her surprise, when +the White Rabbit read out, at the top of his shrill little voice, the +name 'Alice!' + + + + +CHAPTER XII. Alice's Evidence + + +'Here!' cried Alice, quite forgetting in the flurry of the moment how +large she had grown in the last few minutes, and she jumped up in such +a hurry that she tipped over the jury-box with the edge of her skirt, +upsetting all the jurymen on to the heads of the crowd below, and there +they lay sprawling about, reminding her very much of a globe of goldfish +she had accidentally upset the week before. + +'Oh, I BEG your pardon!' she exclaimed in a tone of great dismay, and +began picking them up again as quickly as she could, for the accident of +the goldfish kept running in her head, and she had a vague sort of idea +that they must be collected at once and put back into the jury-box, or +they would die. + +'The trial cannot proceed,' said the King in a very grave voice, 'until +all the jurymen are back in their proper places--ALL,' he repeated with +great emphasis, looking hard at Alice as he said do. + +Alice looked at the jury-box, and saw that, in her haste, she had put +the Lizard in head downwards, and the poor little thing was waving its +tail about in a melancholy way, being quite unable to move. She soon got +it out again, and put it right; 'not that it signifies much,' she said +to herself; 'I should think it would be QUITE as much use in the trial +one way up as the other.' + +As soon as the jury had a little recovered from the shock of being +upset, and their slates and pencils had been found and handed back to +them, they set to work very diligently to write out a history of the +accident, all except the Lizard, who seemed too much overcome to do +anything but sit with its mouth open, gazing up into the roof of the +court. + +'What do you know about this business?' the King said to Alice. + +'Nothing,' said Alice. + +'Nothing WHATEVER?' persisted the King. + +'Nothing whatever,' said Alice. + +'That's very important,' the King said, turning to the jury. They were +just beginning to write this down on their slates, when the White Rabbit +interrupted: 'UNimportant, your Majesty means, of course,' he said in a +very respectful tone, but frowning and making faces at him as he spoke. + +'UNimportant, of course, I meant,' the King hastily said, and went on +to himself in an undertone, + +'important--unimportant--unimportant--important--' as if he were trying +which word sounded best. + +Some of the jury wrote it down 'important,' and some 'unimportant.' +Alice could see this, as she was near enough to look over their slates; +'but it doesn't matter a bit,' she thought to herself. + +At this moment the King, who had been for some time busily writing in +his note-book, cackled out 'Silence!' and read out from his book, 'Rule +Forty-two. ALL PERSONS MORE THAN A MILE HIGH TO LEAVE THE COURT.' + +Everybody looked at Alice. + +'I'M not a mile high,' said Alice. + +'You are,' said the King. + +'Nearly two miles high,' added the Queen. + +'Well, I shan't go, at any rate,' said Alice: 'besides, that's not a +regular rule: you invented it just now.' + +'It's the oldest rule in the book,' said the King. + +'Then it ought to be Number One,' said Alice. + +The King turned pale, and shut his note-book hastily. 'Consider your +verdict,' he said to the jury, in a low, trembling voice. + +'There's more evidence to come yet, please your Majesty,' said the White +Rabbit, jumping up in a great hurry; 'this paper has just been picked +up.' + +'What's in it?' said the Queen. + +'I haven't opened it yet,' said the White Rabbit, 'but it seems to be a +letter, written by the prisoner to--to somebody.' + +'It must have been that,' said the King, 'unless it was written to +nobody, which isn't usual, you know.' + +'Who is it directed to?' said one of the jurymen. + +'It isn't directed at all,' said the White Rabbit; 'in fact, there's +nothing written on the OUTSIDE.' He unfolded the paper as he spoke, and +added 'It isn't a letter, after all: it's a set of verses.' + +'Are they in the prisoner's handwriting?' asked another of the jurymen. + +'No, they're not,' said the White Rabbit, 'and that's the queerest thing +about it.' (The jury all looked puzzled.) + +'He must have imitated somebody else's hand,' said the King. (The jury +all brightened up again.) + +'Please your Majesty,' said the Knave, 'I didn't write it, and they +can't prove I did: there's no name signed at the end.' + +'If you didn't sign it,' said the King, 'that only makes the matter +worse. You MUST have meant some mischief, or else you'd have signed your +name like an honest man.' + +There was a general clapping of hands at this: it was the first really +clever thing the King had said that day. + +'That PROVES his guilt,' said the Queen. + +'It proves nothing of the sort!' said Alice. 'Why, you don't even know +what they're about!' + +'Read them,' said the King. + +The White Rabbit put on his spectacles. 'Where shall I begin, please +your Majesty?' he asked. + +'Begin at the beginning,' the King said gravely, 'and go on till you +come to the end: then stop.' + +These were the verses the White Rabbit read:-- + + 'They told me you had been to her, + And mentioned me to him: + She gave me a good character, + But said I could not swim. + + He sent them word I had not gone + (We know it to be true): + If she should push the matter on, + What would become of you? + + I gave her one, they gave him two, + You gave us three or more; + They all returned from him to you, + Though they were mine before. + + If I or she should chance to be + Involved in this affair, + He trusts to you to set them free, + Exactly as we were. + + My notion was that you had been + (Before she had this fit) + An obstacle that came between + Him, and ourselves, and it. + + Don't let him know she liked them best, + For this must ever be + A secret, kept from all the rest, + Between yourself and me.' + +'That's the most important piece of evidence we've heard yet,' said the +King, rubbing his hands; 'so now let the jury--' + +'If any one of them can explain it,' said Alice, (she had grown so large +in the last few minutes that she wasn't a bit afraid of interrupting +him,) 'I'll give him sixpence. _I_ don't believe there's an atom of +meaning in it.' + +The jury all wrote down on their slates, 'SHE doesn't believe there's an +atom of meaning in it,' but none of them attempted to explain the paper. + +'If there's no meaning in it,' said the King, 'that saves a world of +trouble, you know, as we needn't try to find any. And yet I don't know,' +he went on, spreading out the verses on his knee, and looking at them +with one eye; 'I seem to see some meaning in them, after all. "--SAID +I COULD NOT SWIM--" you can't swim, can you?' he added, turning to the +Knave. + +The Knave shook his head sadly. 'Do I look like it?' he said. (Which he +certainly did NOT, being made entirely of cardboard.) + +'All right, so far,' said the King, and he went on muttering over +the verses to himself: '"WE KNOW IT TO BE TRUE--" that's the jury, of +course--"I GAVE HER ONE, THEY GAVE HIM TWO--" why, that must be what he +did with the tarts, you know--' + +'But, it goes on "THEY ALL RETURNED FROM HIM TO YOU,"' said Alice. + +'Why, there they are!' said the King triumphantly, pointing to the tarts +on the table. 'Nothing can be clearer than THAT. Then again--"BEFORE SHE +HAD THIS FIT--" you never had fits, my dear, I think?' he said to the +Queen. + +'Never!' said the Queen furiously, throwing an inkstand at the Lizard +as she spoke. (The unfortunate little Bill had left off writing on his +slate with one finger, as he found it made no mark; but he now hastily +began again, using the ink, that was trickling down his face, as long as +it lasted.) + +'Then the words don't FIT you,' said the King, looking round the court +with a smile. There was a dead silence. + +'It's a pun!' the King added in an offended tone, and everybody laughed, +'Let the jury consider their verdict,' the King said, for about the +twentieth time that day. + +'No, no!' said the Queen. 'Sentence first--verdict afterwards.' + +'Stuff and nonsense!' said Alice loudly. 'The idea of having the +sentence first!' + +'Hold your tongue!' said the Queen, turning purple. + +'I won't!' said Alice. + +'Off with her head!' the Queen shouted at the top of her voice. Nobody +moved. + +'Who cares for you?' said Alice, (she had grown to her full size by this +time.) 'You're nothing but a pack of cards!' + +At this the whole pack rose up into the air, and came flying down upon +her: she gave a little scream, half of fright and half of anger, and +tried to beat them off, and found herself lying on the bank, with her +head in the lap of her sister, who was gently brushing away some dead +leaves that had fluttered down from the trees upon her face. + +'Wake up, Alice dear!' said her sister; 'Why, what a long sleep you've +had!' + +'Oh, I've had such a curious dream!' said Alice, and she told her +sister, as well as she could remember them, all these strange Adventures +of hers that you have just been reading about; and when she had +finished, her sister kissed her, and said, 'It WAS a curious dream, +dear, certainly: but now run in to your tea; it's getting late.' So +Alice got up and ran off, thinking while she ran, as well she might, +what a wonderful dream it had been. + +But her sister sat still just as she left her, leaning her head on her +hand, watching the setting sun, and thinking of little Alice and all her +wonderful Adventures, till she too began dreaming after a fashion, and +this was her dream:-- + +First, she dreamed of little Alice herself, and once again the tiny +hands were clasped upon her knee, and the bright eager eyes were looking +up into hers--she could hear the very tones of her voice, and see that +queer little toss of her head to keep back the wandering hair that +WOULD always get into her eyes--and still as she listened, or seemed to +listen, the whole place around her became alive with the strange creatures +of her little sister's dream. + +The long grass rustled at her feet as the White Rabbit hurried by--the +frightened Mouse splashed his way through the neighbouring pool--she +could hear the rattle of the teacups as the March Hare and his friends +shared their never-ending meal, and the shrill voice of the Queen +ordering off her unfortunate guests to execution--once more the pig-baby +was sneezing on the Duchess's knee, while plates and dishes crashed +around it--once more the shriek of the Gryphon, the squeaking of the +Lizard's slate-pencil, and the choking of the suppressed guinea-pigs, +filled the air, mixed up with the distant sobs of the miserable Mock +Turtle. + +So she sat on, with closed eyes, and half believed herself in +Wonderland, though she knew she had but to open them again, and all +would change to dull reality--the grass would be only rustling in the +wind, and the pool rippling to the waving of the reeds--the rattling +teacups would change to tinkling sheep-bells, and the Queen's shrill +cries to the voice of the shepherd boy--and the sneeze of the baby, the +shriek of the Gryphon, and all the other queer noises, would change (she +knew) to the confused clamour of the busy farm-yard--while the lowing +of the cattle in the distance would take the place of the Mock Turtle's +heavy sobs. + +Lastly, she pictured to herself how this same little sister of hers +would, in the after-time, be herself a grown woman; and how she would +keep, through all her riper years, the simple and loving heart of her +childhood: and how she would gather about her other little children, and +make THEIR eyes bright and eager with many a strange tale, perhaps even +with the dream of Wonderland of long ago: and how she would feel with +all their simple sorrows, and find a pleasure in all their simple joys, +remembering her own child-life, and the happy summer days. + + THE END + + + + + +# End of Project Gutenberg's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll +# +# *** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ALICE'S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND *** +# +# ***** This file should be named 11.txt or 11.zip ***** +# This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: +# http://www.gutenberg.org/1/11/ +# +# +# +# Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +# will be renamed. +# +# Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +# one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +# (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +# permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +# set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +# copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +# protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +# Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +# charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +# do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +# rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +# such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +# research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +# practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +# subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +# redistribution. diff --git a/HW3.py b/HW3.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8df35e05 --- /dev/null +++ b/HW3.py @@ -0,0 +1,253 @@ +# #pocket +# #Yuxhe Zheng +# # +# #change money +# print("Compute your pocket change!") +# Q = int(input("Quarters?"))#get input and convert string to integer +# D = int(input("Dimes?"))#get input and convert string to integer +# N = int(input("Nickels?"))#get input and convert string to integer +# P = int(input("Pennies?"))#get input and convert string to integer +# print("The total is", "{:.2f}".format(Q*0.25+D*0.1+N*0.05+P*0.01))#convert result to 2 decimal places + + +# total = int(input("Enter cents:"))#convert input to a integer +# print("The minimum coins for",total,"cents are:") + +# Quarters = total//25 #count how many Quarters in total +# rest_moneyMAX = total%25#count how many pennis in left +# Dimes = rest_moneyMAX //10#count how many Dimes in total +# rest_moneyMED = rest_moneyMAX % 10#count how many pennis in left +# Nickels = rest_moneyMED // 5#count how many Nickels in total +# rest_moneyMIN = rest_moneyMED % 5#count how many pennis in left +# Pennies = rest_moneyMIN // 1#count how many Pennis in total + +# #print statement +# print(Quarters,"Quarters") +# print(Dimes,"Dimes") +# print(Nickels,"Nickels") +# print(Pennies,"Pennies") + + +# #dog +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #see if the weather and temp is appropreate to go outside with dog +# wea = input("Enter weather condition (rainy/sunny/snowy/cloudy):") +# tem = int(input("Enter temperature:")) +# print("Instructions for the walk:") +# if wea == "rainy" and tem > -14 and tem <=144:#range: tem > -14 and tem <=144 +# print("The dog should be taken for a short walk with an umbrella.") +# if wea == "snowy" and tem > -14 and tem <=144:#range: tem > -14 and tem <=144 +# print("Take the dog for a short walk and ensure they stay warm.") +# if wea == "cloudy" and tem > -14 and tem <=144:#range: tem > -14 and tem <=144 +# print("Enjoy a regular walk with your dog.") +# if wea == "rainy" and tem > -14 and tem <=144:#range: tem > -14 and tem <=144 +# print("Enjoy a regular walk with your dog.") +# if tem > 80 and tem <= 144 and wea == "sunny":#range: tem > 80 and tem <= 144 +# print("The dog should be taken for a walk in the shade and given water.") +# if tem > 45 and tem <= 80 and wea == "sunny":#range: tem > 45 and tem <= 80 +# print("The dog can enjoy a regular walk.") +# if tem > -14 and tem <= 45 and wea == "sunny":#range: tem > -14 and tem <= 45 +# print("Dress the dog warmly for a walk.") +# if tem != "rainy" or tem != "sunny" or tem != "snowy" or tem != "cloudy" or tem < -14 or tem >144:# Invalid statement +# print("Invalid weather condition.") + + +# #tip +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #find tip +# total = float(input("Enter total:"))#get input and convert to float +# n = 0#set up initial value +# while n < 11:#while loop, looping 11 times +# n += 1 #increment +# print("A","{:.2f}%".format(14+n),"tip is ${:.2f}".format(total * ((14+n)/100)))#start from 15, then loop 10 times +# #using "{:.2f}%".format() to get 2 decimal places after decimal point. + + + + +# #cash_register +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #find total cost +# n = 0#initialize the number of item +# total = 0#initialize the total +# print("Cash register (press enter to exit)") +# while True: +# value = input("Enter item cost:") +# if value == "":# if we press enter, then convert sting " " to int 0 +# value = 0 +# break +# n += 1# increment of number of items +# money = float(value) #if we enter number, convert number to float +# total += money#sum up + +# print("You entered",n,"items totaling", "{:.2f}".format(total)) + + +# #roth +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #find how long it will take to make deposit double +# deposit = float(input("Enter an initial Roth IRA deposit amount:")) +# print("Enter an annual percent rate of return:15") +# years = 0#initialized the year +# total = deposit#set the initial deposit is the input number +# while total < 2*deposit:# keep running till double +# years +=1 # count years +# total += 0.15*total# 0.15 * initial deposit + initial deposit +# print("Value after year", years, ": ${:.2f}".format(total)) +# print("It will take", years, "years to double your investment with a 15% APR.") + + + +# #car +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #guess the price of car +# print("Guess the price and win the prize!") +# n = 0# initialized the value +# while True: +# n += 1# increment +# price = int(input("Enter your guess:")) +# if price == 44500 and n <= 5:# take 5 times and guess correctly, win +# print("It took",n, "guesses.") +# print("You won the car!") +# break +# if price == 44500 and n > 5:# although got correct answer, but still lose +# print("It took",n, "guesses.") +# print("Too many guesses!") +# break + +# if price > 44500:# to see if the answer is too high or too low +# print("Too high!") +# if price < 44500: +# print("Too low!") + + +# #mileage +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #find ave. of Average mileage +# total_m = 0 +# total_g = 0 +# print("Your Personal Fuel Economy") +# while True: # repeat questions +# miles = input("Number of miles traveled (or enter to exit):") + +# if miles == "":# print result when hit enter +# print("Average mileage =","{:.1f}".format(total_m /total_g))# formula of average +# break + + +# Miles = float(miles)#convert miles to Miles +# gallons = int(input("Number of gallons needed:"))#convert gallons to int +# total_m += Miles#increment +# total_g += gallons#increment +# print("Mileage this tank =","{:.1f}".format(Miles/gallons))# formula of finding Mileage + + + + +# #pi +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #find difference between estimation and pi +# Terms = int(input("Number of terms:")) +# #Initialize every values +# error_odd = 0 +# error_even = 0 +# times = 0 +# ans = 0 +# odd_times = 0 +# even_times = 0 +# total_ans = 0 +# pos_ans = 0 +# neg_ans = 0 +# pi = 3.1415926535 +# # while times < Terms + 1: +# # times += 1 +# if Terms % 2 == 0: # even case +# while times <= ((Terms/2) -1): +# pos_ans += 4/ ( (4 * times) +1 )# we only need n = 0,1,2 if input = 6 for positive terms +# times += 1#increment set here, to let times start at 0 +# times = 0 #reset time to 0, to prevent the next while loop start from ((Terms/2) -1) +# while times < (Terms/2): +# times += 1#increment set here, to let times start at 1 +# neg_ans -= 4/ ( 4 * (times) -1 )# we only need n = 1,2,3 if input = 6 for negative terms +# total_ans = pos_ans + neg_ans +# error_even = pi - total_ans#find difference b.w. the real pi and estimation, when input is a even number +# print("Estimate of pi: ",total_ans) +# print("Error: ","{:.9f}".format(error_even)) + +# if Terms % 2 == 1: #ODD case +# while times <= (((Terms +1 )/2))-1: +# pos_ans += 4/ ( (4 * times) +1 )# we only need n = 0,1,... 499 if inputs = 999 for positive terms +# times += 1#increment set here, to let times start at 0 +# times = 0#reset time to 0, to prevent the next while loop start from (((Terms +1 )/2))-1 +# while times < (((Terms +1 )/2)-1):# count from +# times += 1#increment set here, to let times start at 1 +# neg_ans -= 4/ ( 4 * (times) -1 )# we only need n = 1,2...500 if inputs = 999 for negative terms +# total_ans = pos_ans + neg_ans +# error_odd = pi - total_ans#find difference b.w. the real pi and estimation, when input is a odd number +# print("Estimate of pi: ",total_ans) +# print("Error: ","{:.9f}".format(error_odd)) + + + +# #pocket +# #Yuxhe Zheng +# # +# #change money +# print("Compute your pocket change!") +# Q = int(input("Quarters?"))#get input and convert string to integer +# D = int(input("Dimes?"))#get input and convert string to integer +# N = int(input("Nickels?"))#get input and convert string to integer +# P = int(input("Pennies?"))#get input and convert string to integer +# print("The total is", "{:.2f}".format(Q*0.25+D*0.1+N*0.05+P*0.01))#convert result to 2 decimal places + + +#roth +#Yuzhe Zheng +# +# #find how long it will take to make deposit double +# deposit = float(input("Enter an initial Roth IRA deposit amount:")) +# rate = float(input("Enter an annual percent rate of return:")) +# print("Value after year 1:", "${:.2f}".format(deposit*rate*0.01+deposit)) +# years = 1#initialized the year +# total = (deposit*rate*0.01+deposit)#set the initial deposit is the input number +# while total < 2*deposit:# keep running till double +# total += rate*0.01*total# rate * initial deposit + initial deposit +# print("Value after year "+ str(years+1)+": ${:.2f}".format(total)) +# years +=1 # count years +# print("It will take",years, "years to double your investment with a "+str("{:.1f}".format(rate))+"% APR.") +# #print the input rate with one float point +# #to eliminate the space between rate and % symbol, I convert the rate to a string + + +a = [] +while True: + ans = input("Enter the equation: ") + if ans == 6: + a.append(ans) + else: + break + + +# n = 0 +# print(len(a)) +# while n < len(a): +# n += 1 +# print(a[n]) + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/HW4.py b/HW4.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9a70e96f --- /dev/null +++ b/HW4.py @@ -0,0 +1,360 @@ +# # parrot.py +# # Yuzhe Zheng + +# # upper case +# # while True: # infinity loop +# # n = input() # ask inout +# # if n == 'quiet': # hit quirt then quit +# # break +# # else: +# # print(n.upper())# convert every inout to upper case + +# #passward.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #use increment to check the existence of lower, upper cases, digital, and special +# password = input("Enter password ") +# lower_case = 0 # initialize the value * 4 +# upper_case = 0 +# digit = 0 +# special = 0 +# for char in password:# go though every character in input +# if char.islower():# check if the char is in lower case +# lower_case += 1 # increment +# elif char.isupper():# check if the char is in upper case +# upper_case += 1# increment +# elif char.isdigit():# check if the char is digit +# digit += 1# increment +# if char == '!' or '@' or '#' or '$' or '%' or'&': +# special += 1 +# # except the length which the chars number need to greater than 8, others only need to exceed 1 +# if len(password) >= 8: +# print("Has length") +# if lower_case > 0: +# print("Has lower case") +# if upper_case > 0: +# print("Has upper case") +# if digit > 0: +# print("Has digit") +# if special > 0: +# print("Has special") + + +# #phone.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #Use index operator to limit the form of phone number + +# n = input("Enter number as ### ###-####:") +# if len(n) == 12:# the length of phone number is 12 +# #make sure the phone number made by 3 nums ,3nums ,- ,4nums. +# if n [0:2].isalnum() and n[4:6].isalnum() and n[7] == "-" and n[8:11].isalnum(): +# print("Valid") +# else: +# print("Invalid") + +# #digits.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #print out phone number and get rid off - and () +# n = input("Enter phone number:") +# print("Digit string: ", end = "")# this must be outside of the loop, and keep in same time with the phone number +# for char in n:# check every char in phone number +# if char.isalnum():# check if char is a number +# print(char, end="") # print out every number and keep at the same line with the last print statement + + + +# #cat.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #open file +# file_name = input("Enter a file name to open:")# ask file name +# file = open(file_name,"r") # open file as read mode +# for char in file: # print our each char in song +# print(char, end= "") # delete the gap empty line + + +# #trycat.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# # use try and except to eliminate the error the pointed out by system +# file_name = input("Enter a file name to open:") +# while True: +# try:# if True +# file = open(file_name,"r") # open file as read mode +# for char in file:# print every char in file +# print(char, end= "") +# break# just print one time +# except:# otherwise +# print("Could not open", "'"+file_name+"'") +# break + + +# #cash.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #sum up all the number in the file +# sum = 0 # initialize the total +# print("Automated cash register") + +# file_name = input("Enter a file name to open:") # ask for file name +# file = open(file_name,"r")# open file as read mode + +# for num in file: # go though every number in the file +# num = float(num) # convert str to float +# sum += num # increment +# print("File contained 3 items totaling: $"+str(sum)) + + +# #cash2.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# # +# #sum up all the number in the file +# sum = 0 # initialize the total +# print("Automated cash register") + +# file_name = input("Enter a file name to open:") # ask for file name +# file = open(file_name,"r")# open file as read mode + +# for num in file: # go though every number in the file +# while True: # loop +# try: +# num = num.strip("$") # get rid off dollar sign +# if num.isalpha(): # skip the line that do do contain number +# continue +# num = float(num) # convert str to float +# sum += num # increment +# break# stop +# except: +# break +# print("File contained 3 items totaling: $"+str(sum)) + + + + + + +# n = input("Enter your 8-digit card number:") + +# n = n.replace(" ","") +# sum = 0 +# SUM = 0 +# print(len(n)) +# # initial 8-digits case: +# #-1 -3 -5 -7 +# for num in range(0,-4,-1): +# num = int(num) +# R_1 = n[2*num -1] +# sum += int(R_1) +# #0 2 4 6 8 +# for NUM in range(0,4,1): +# NUM = int(NUM) +# R_2 = n[2*NUM] +# SUM += 2 * int(R_2) + +# total = sum + SUM +# if total % 10 == 0: +# print("Valid") +# elif total % 10 != 0: +# print("Invalid") + + + + +# if 1234 567 => len = 4 + +# length = len(n) +# if total % 10 != 0: +# while length > 0: +# length -= 1 +# for num in range(0,round(-length/2),-1): +# num = int(num) +# R_1 = n[2*num -1] +# sum += int(R_1) +# #print(R_1) + +# for NUM in range(0,4,1): +# NUM = int(NUM) +# R_2 = n[2*NUM] +# SUM += 2 * int(R_2) + + + + + +# #0123 4567 +# #abcd gfdh +# #-8,-7,-6,-5, -4,-3,-2,-1 +# #2(a+c+g+d) + (d+b+f+h) % 10 = 0 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +# # SUM = int(n[1]) + int(n[3]) + int(n[6]) + int(n[8]) +# # sum = (int(n[0]) + int(n[2]) + int(n[5]) + int(n[7]))*2 +# # total = SUM + sum +# # if total % 10 == 0: +# # print("Valid") +# # else: +# # print("Invalid") +# # print("Check digit should be") + + + +# #cash.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #sum up all the number in the file +# sum = 0 # initialize the total +# count = 0 +# print("Automated cash register") + +# file_name = input("Enter file of prices:") # ask for file name +# file = open(file_name,"r")# open file as read mode + +# for num in file: # go though every number in the file +# try: # convert to float if it is convertible +# num = num.strip('$')#get rid off $ +# num = float(num) # convert str to float +# sum += num # increment +# count += 1# update count +# except: +# # continue +# # print("File contained", count, "items totaling ${:.2f}".format((sum))) +# n = input("Enter your 8-digit card number:") + +# n = n.replace(" ","") +# sum = 0 +# SUM = 0 +# print(len(n)) +# # initial 8-digits case: +# for num in range(0,-4,-1): +# num = int(num) +# R_1 = n[2*num -1] +# sum += int(R_1) + +# for NUM in range(0,4,1): +# NUM = int(NUM) +# R_2 = n[2*NUM] +# SUM += 2 * int(R_2) + +# total = sum + SUM +#parrot.py +#Yuzhe Zheng +# +# #upper case +# while True: # infinity loop +# n = input(">") # ask inout +# n = n.lower() +# if n == 'quiet': # hit quirt then quit +# break +# else: +# print(n.upper())# convert every inout to upper case + + +# #digits.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #print out phone number and get rid off - and () +# n = input("Enter phone number:") +# # for each of the special characters in the list +# for c in [")","(","-"," "]: +# # replace that character with an empty string +# n = n.replace(c,"") + +# # print result +# print("Digit string:",n) + + +# while True: +# fname = input("Enter a filename:") +# try: +# fhand = open(fname) +# except: +# continue +# break + + +# s = input("Enter a price:") +# try: +# if float(s.strip("$")) - float(s.strip("$")) == 0 or float(s) - float(s) == 0 : +# price = "{:.1f}".format(float(s.replace("$",""))) +# print("Price as float:", price) +# except: +# print("That's not a price!") + +n = input("Enter your 8-digit card number:") + +n = n.replace(" ","") +sum = 0 +SUM = 0 +# initial 8-digits case: + +for num in range(0,-4,-1):# Order from right to left + + num = int(num)#convert str to int + R_1 = n[2*num -1]#chose the right most and skip one and chose one + sum += int(R_1)# update the sum + +for NUM in range(0,4,1):# Order from left to right + + NUM = int(NUM) + R_2 = int(n[2*NUM]) + R_2 = 2*R_2 + + + if R_2 >= 10: + partial_sum = 1 + (R_2 - 10) + SUM += partial_sum + elif R_2 < 10: + SUM += R_2 + +print(sum) +print(SUM) + +total = sum + SUM +print(total) + +if total % 10 == 0: + print("Valid") +elif total % 10 != 0: + print("Invalid") + +if total % 10 != 0: + total = str(total) + rest = 10 - int(total[1]) + print(rest) + if int(n[7])+rest < 10: + print("Check digit should be ",int(n[7])+rest) + elif int(n[7])+rest > 10: + i = int(total) % 10 + left = (int(n[7])-i) + print("Check digit should be ",left) + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/HW5.py b/HW5.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..89959a9c --- /dev/null +++ b/HW5.py @@ -0,0 +1,161 @@ +# #read_temp_file.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #read and print file +# file = input("Temperature anomaly filename:") +# infile = open(file,"r")# open file in read mode + +# for line in infile: #go though each element in the file +# line = line.replace(","," ")# replace common to an empty space +# line = line.strip()# fet rid off the gap between two line +# print(line) + +# #temp_file_stats.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# #find the max and min temp and the year corresponded +# file = input ("Temperature anomaly filename:") +# infile = open(file,"r")# open file in read mode + +# list_num = []#create empty list for temp +# list_year = []#create empty list for year +# for line in infile: +# try:# use try to eliminate ValueError +# num = float(line[5:len(line)-1])# temp in the table +# list_num.append(num)#put the temp to the list + +# year = int(line[0:4])# temp in the table +# list_year.append(year)#put the year to the list +# except: +# continue#skip the first row + +# #the one temp correspond to one year, so they share same index +# # use for loop to find where the max temp in the list +# n = 0 +# for i in list_num: +# n += 1# increment +# if i == max(list_num): +# break + +# # use for loop to find where the min temp in the list +# m = 0 +# for i in list_num: +# m += 1# increment +# if i == min(list_num): +# break + +# print("Min temp:",list_num[m-1],"in",list_year[m-1]) +# print("Max temp:",list_num[n-1],"in",list_year[n-1]) + + +# #temp_list.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# # +# file = input ("Temperature anomaly filename:") +# infile = open(file,"r")# open file in read mode +# list = []# create a empty list for storing temp +# for line in infile:#go through every line in file +# try:#use try to eliminate ValueError +# temp = float(line[5:len(line)-1]) #convert temp to float +# list.append(temp)# append every temp to the list + +# except: +# continue#skip first line +# print(list) + +# #first_ave.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# # find the average of the tempure within the given period of time +# file = input ("Temperature anomaly filename:") +# infile = open(file,"r")# open file in read mode +# list = []# create a empty list for storing temp +# for line in infile:#go through every line in file +# try:#use try to eliminate ValueError +# temp = float(line[5:len(line)-1]) #convert temp to float +# list.append(temp)# append every temp to the list + +# except: +# continue#skip first line +# k = int(input("Enter window size:")) +# index = k # number of year +# year = 1880 + index # domain of year +# ave = sum(list[index-k:index+k+1]) / (2*k+1) # sum up the temp in the time period 1800 to 1800 + index and divid by k +1 year +# print(str(year)+str(",{:.4f}".format(ave))) # concatenate two string. First, set up the 4 float limitation then, concatenate two string together + + + +# #moving_ave.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# # find the average of the tempure within the given period of time +# file = input ("Temperature anomaly filename:") +# infile = open(file,"r")# open file in read mode +# list = []# create a empty list for storing temp +# for line in infile:#go through every line in file +# try:#use try to eliminate ValueError +# temp = float(line[5:len(line)-1]) #convert temp to float +# list.append(temp)# append every temp to the list + +# except: +# continue#skip first line + +# k = int(input("Enter window size:")) +# temp = []#empty list for avg temp +# years = []#empty list for year +# for i in range(k, len(list)- k): +# year = 1880 + i # domain of year +# ave = sum(list[i-k:i+k+1]) / (2*k+1) # sum up the temp in the time period 1800 to 1800 + index and divid by k +1 year +# temp.append(ave)#store average temp in to the list +# years.append(year)#store year to the list + +# i = 0 #initialize the increment value +# while i < len(temp):#use for loop print out every value in the temp years and temp list +# i += 1#increment +# print(str(years[i-1])+str(",{:.4f}".format(temp[i-1])))# concatenate two string. First, set up the 4 float limitation then, concatenate two string together + + +# #moving_ave_csv.py +# #Yuzhe Zheng +# # +# # +file = input ("Temperature anomaly filename:") +infile = open(file,"r")# open file in read mode +list = []# create a empty list for storing temp +for line in infile:#go through every line in file + try:#use try to eliminate ValueError + temp = float(line[5:len(line)-1]) #convert temp to float + list.append(temp)# append every temp to the list + + except: + continue#skip first line + +k = int(input("Enter window size:")) +outfile = input("Out file name: ")# ask for output file name +temp = []#empty list for avg temp +years = []#empty list for year +for i in range(k, len(list)- k): + year = 1880 + i # domain of year + ave = sum(list[i-k:i+k+1]) / (2*k+1) # sum up the temp in the time period 1800 to 1800 + index and divid by k +1 year + temp.append(ave)#store average temp in to the list + years.append(year)#store year to the list + +result = open(outfile,"w")#open output file in write mode +result.write("Year,Value\n")#print the first line in the output file +i = 0 #initialize the increment value + +while i < len(temp):#use for loop print out every value in the temp years and temp list + i += 1#increment + result.write(str(years[i-1])+str("{:.4f}\n".format(temp[i-1]))) # concatenate two string. First, set up the 4 float limitation then, concatenate two string together + # move each line from two lists to outfile + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/Line segment.py b/Line segment.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3e63b9ca --- /dev/null +++ b/Line segment.py @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +#LineSegmentTool + +#Create your functions first + +from math import sqrt + +#Functions we need: +""" +# -line segment input +# -Line Segment Length +# -Line Segment Slope +# -Congruence +# -Parallel/perpendicular +""" + +def lineIn(): #input + #We want the final output to be: [[1,2],[3,4]] + temp = [] + line = [] + for x in range(2): + for y in range(2): + temp.append(int(input(str(x)+','+str(y)+":"))) + line.append(list(temp)) + temp.clear() + return line + +def length(): + #Formula for segment length: sqrt(((x2-x1)**2) + ((y2-y1)**2)) + line = lineIn() + return sqrt(((line[0][0]-line[1][0])**2) + ((line[0][1]-line[1][1])**2)) + +def slope(): + line = lineIn() + #(y2-y1)/(x2-x1) + return (line[0][1]-line[1][1])/(line[0][0]-line[1][0]) + +def congruent(): + #Equal Length? + lengthA = length() + lengthB = length() + if lengthA == lengthB: + print("The lines are congruent.") + else: + print("The lines are not congruent.") + +def slopeCompare(): + #parallel or perpendicular or neither? + slopeA = slope() + slopeB = slope() + + if slopeA == slopeB:#Parallel case + print("The lines are parallel") + elif slopeA == -(1/slopeB):#Perp. (Compare slope A to neg. recip. of B) + print("The lines are perpendicular") + else:#No relationship + print("The lines have no significant relationship") + +print(slopeCompare()) diff --git a/NorthernTemps.csv b/NorthernTemps.csv new file mode 100644 index 00000000..72bcc22d --- /dev/null +++ b/NorthernTemps.csv @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ +Year,Value +1880,-0.16 +1881,-0.04 +1882,-0.12 +1883,-0.12 +1884,-0.41 +1885,-0.28 +1886,-0.18 +1887,-0.29 +1888,0.03 +1889,-0.16 +1890,-0.26 +1891,-0.16 +1892,-0.31 +1893,-0.19 +1894,-0.20 +1895,-0.18 +1896,-0.01 +1897,0.03 +1898,-0.15 +1899,-0.16 +1900,-0.02 +1901,0.01 +1902,-0.33 +1903,-0.32 +1904,-0.54 +1905,-0.13 +1906,-0.27 +1907,-0.42 +1908,-0.44 +1909,-0.42 +1910,-0.36 +1911,-0.47 +1912,-0.40 +1913,-0.54 +1914,-0.31 +1915,-0.04 +1916,-0.25 +1917,-0.22 +1918,-0.23 +1919,-0.24 +1920,-0.20 +1921,-0.03 +1922,-0.25 +1923,-0.24 +1924,-0.15 +1925,-0.15 +1926,-0.12 +1927,0.00 +1928,-0.10 +1929,-0.22 +1930,0.04 +1931,0.10 +1932,-0.01 +1933,-0.08 +1934,-0.03 +1935,-0.01 +1936,0.14 +1937,0.15 +1938,0.01 +1939,0.07 +1940,0.17 +1941,0.21 +1942,0.06 +1943,0.13 +1944,0.21 +1945,0.07 +1946,0.04 +1947,-0.00 +1948,0.05 +1949,-0.06 +1950,-0.18 +1951,0.18 +1952,0.15 +1953,0.18 +1954,-0.04 +1955,0.01 +1956,-0.17 +1957,0.07 +1958,0.04 +1959,0.06 +1960,0.08 +1961,0.07 +1962,0.13 +1963,0.19 +1964,-0.06 +1965,-0.11 +1966,0.15 +1967,0.07 +1968,-0.01 +1969,0.06 +1970,-0.01 +1971,-0.13 +1972,-0.02 +1973,0.05 +1974,-0.09 +1975,-0.07 +1976,-0.22 +1977,0.08 +1978,-0.08 +1979,0.06 +1980,0.16 +1981,0.15 +1982,0.08 +1983,0.23 +1984,0.05 +1985,-0.10 +1986,0.03 +1987,0.32 +1988,0.40 +1989,0.32 +1990,0.27 +1991,0.41 +1992,-0.01 +1993,0.11 +1994,0.31 +1995,0.41 +1996,0.34 +1997,0.51 +1998,0.79 +1999,0.43 +2000,0.47 +2001,0.64 +2002,0.70 +2003,0.59 +2004,0.56 +2005,0.77 +2006,0.69 +2007,0.62 +2008,0.63 +2009,0.67 +2010,0.90 +2011,0.72 +2012,0.86 +2013,0.73 +2014,0.82 +2015,0.92 +2016,1.02 +2017,0.98 +2018,0.84 diff --git a/SacramentoTemps.csv b/SacramentoTemps.csv new file mode 100644 index 00000000..37d2c85d --- /dev/null +++ b/SacramentoTemps.csv @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ +Year,Value +1880,-1.56 +1881,-0.08 +1882,-0.30 +1883,-1.44 +1884,-2.29 +1885,-1.95 +1886,-0.63 +1887,0.63 +1888,-0.72 +1889,2.99 +1890,-0.50 +1891,-1.36 +1892,1.03 +1893,-0.16 +1894,-0.01 +1895,-1.46 +1896,-1.23 +1897,-0.83 +1898,-0.91 +1899,1.53 +1900,1.08 +1901,0.24 +1902,-1.08 +1903,-1.10 +1904,-0.83 +1905,-0.31 +1906,-0.22 +1907,-1.02 +1908,-1.05 +1909,-0.65 +1910,-0.65 +1911,-1.06 +1912,-0.65 +1913,-2.32 +1914,1.12 +1915,-0.21 +1916,-0.57 +1917,0.41 +1918,-0.13 +1919,0.48 +1920,0.67 +1921,0.21 +1922,0.65 +1923,-0.60 +1924,-1.00 +1925,-1.22 +1926,-1.10 +1927,-0.03 +1928,0.61 +1929,0.54 +1930,0.66 +1931,-1.57 +1932,0.15 +1933,0.83 +1934,-0.35 +1935,0.23 +1936,-0.66 +1937,0.17 +1938,0.56 +1939,0.31 +1940,0.09 +1941,-0.60 +1942,-0.51 +1943,-0.86 +1944,-0.09 +1945,-1.19 +1946,0.77 +1947,-0.72 +1948,-0.33 +1949,-0.53 +1950,0.08 +1951,0.73 +1952,-0.31 +1953,0.26 +1954,-1.90 +1955,-0.72 +1956,-0.95 +1957,-1.12 +1958,1.28 +1959,1.29 +1960,0.28 +1961,2.33 +1962,0.32 +1963,-0.25 +1964,-0.13 +1965,-0.80 +1966,0.10 +1967,1.23 +1968,-0.06 +1969,-1.19 +1970,-1.51 +1971,0.28 +1972,-0.15 +1973,1.32 +1974,-0.72 +1975,0.49 +1976,-1.43 +1977,-1.51 +1978,1.61 +1979,-0.74 +1980,-1.41 +1981,-0.09 +1982,-0.33 +1983,-0.88 +1984,-0.06 +1985,0.57 +1986,-0.83 +1987,-0.77 +1988,-0.21 +1989,-0.13 +1990,-0.54 +1991,-0.10 +1992,-0.21 +1993,-1.80 +1994,1.47 +1995,-0.08 +1996,-1.28 +1997,2.20 +1998,0.49 +1999,-0.37 +2000,0.73 +2001,0.40 +2002,0.15 +2003,-1.25 +2004,0.03 +2005,1.47 +2006,-0.39 +2007,0.40 +2008,0.59 +2009,0.41 +2010,0.34 +2011,-0.22 +2012,1.03 +2013,0.23 +2014,-0.06 +2015,-0.40 +2016,0.48 +2017,2.63 +2018,0.18 diff --git a/Starbucks.txt b/Starbucks.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..22ecd58c --- /dev/null +++ b/Starbucks.txt @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +Item Calories Carb. (g) +Chonga Bagel 300 50 +8-Grain Roll 380 70 +Almond Croissant 410 45 +Apple Cider Doughnut 400 59 +Banana Nut Bread 420 52 +Blueberry Muffin 360 52 +Blueberry Scone 380 54 +Butter Croissant 260 27 +Caramelized Apple Pound Cake 400 68 +Cat Cake Pop 190 21 +Cheese Danish 290 33 +Chocolate Chip Cookie 570 75 +Chocolate Croissant 340 38 +Chocolate Hazelnut Croissant 390 43 +Cinnamon Morning Bun 390 56 +Cinnamon Raisin Bagel 270 58 +Classic Coffee Cake 330 43 +Confetti Sugar Cookie 410 54 +Double Chocolate Chunk Brownie 480 55 +Everybody's Favorite - Bantam Bagel (2 Pack) 200 28 +Everything Bagel with Cheese 290 53 +Frappuccino Cookie Straw 90 14 +French Toast - Bantam Bagels (2 Pack) 200 30 +Frosted Doughnut Cake Pop 160 22 +Gluten-Free Marshmallow Dream Bar 240 45 +Iced Lemon Pound Cake 470 68 +Kitchen Sink Cookie 420 48 +Macadamia Oat Cookie 390 41 +Maple Pecan Muffin 440 46 +Morning Muffin 410 50 +Mummy Cake Pop 140 20 +Old-Fashioned Glazed Doughnut 480 56 +Owl Sugar Cookie 280 32 +Petite Vanilla Bean Scone 120 18 +Plain Bagel 280 56 +Pumpkin Bread 410 63 +Pumpkin Scone 500 70 +Raccoon Sugar Cookie 330 38 +Sprouted Grain Vegan Bagel 330 57 +Strawberry Yogurt Scone 360 50 +Summer Berry Swirl Croissant 360 54 +The Classic - Bantam Bagels (2 Pack) 200 28 + Bacon Gouda & Egg Breakfast Sandwich 19 18 +Classic Oatmeal 160 28 + Double-Smoked Bacon Cheddar & Egg Sandwich 27 21 + Everything Croissant Pastrami & Cheddar Breakfast Sandwich 22 22 +Ham & Cheese Croissant 320 28 +Hearty Blueberry Oatmeal 220 43 +Reduced-Fat Turkey Bacon & Cage Free Egg White Breakfast Sandwich 210 26 + Sausage Cheddar & Egg Breakfast Sandwich 28 15 + Seared Steak Egg & Tomatillo Wrap 18 21 + Slow-Roasted Ham Swiss & Egg Breakfast Sandwich 23 24 +Sous Vide Egg Bites: Bacon & Gruyere 310 9 +Sous Vide Egg Bites: Chicken Chorizo Tortilla 230 13 +Sous Vide Egg Bites: Egg White & Red Pepper 170 13 diff --git a/filename b/filename new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b9f7055f --- /dev/null +++ b/filename @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +Last, First + +Yuzhe,Zheng + +Tingwri,Zhang + +Jiayi,Bai + diff --git a/lyrics.py b/lyrics.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e3a411fe --- /dev/null +++ b/lyrics.py @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +def print_lyrics(): + print("Spam, spma, spam") + +print_lyrics() + +def repeat_lyrics(): + print_lyrics() + print_lyrics() + print_lyrics() + +repeat_lyrics() + diff --git a/move.ppy b/move.ppy new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e69de29b diff --git a/moving_ave_csv.py b/moving_ave_csv.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..358e161d --- /dev/null +++ b/moving_ave_csv.py @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +Year,Value +1940,-0.2331 +1941,-0.2169 +1942,-0.2150 +1943,-0.2228 +1944,-0.2107 +1945,-0.1796 +1946,-0.1667 +1947,-0.1582 +1948,-0.1585 +1949,-0.1492 +1950,-0.1711 +1951,-0.1688 +1952,-0.1490 +1953,-0.1556 +1954,-0.1548 +1955,-0.1580 +1956,-0.1420 +1957,-0.1101 +1958,-0.1017 diff --git a/name.csv b/name.csv new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e69de29b diff --git a/names.csv b/names.csv new file mode 100644 index 00000000..31c02442 --- /dev/null +++ b/names.csv @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +Last, First +Yuzhe,Zheng +Tingwri,Zhang +Jiayi,Bai diff --git a/note/note.py b/note/note.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..601ebe3a --- /dev/null +++ b/note/note.py @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ +##### #23日 2 月 2024 年################################################################################################################ + +#Even + +# x = int(input("NUM")) +# if x % 2 == 0: +# print("Even") +# if x % 2 == 1: +# print("odd") + +#if +#else if +#elif : every condition fail +# if = elif > else + +##### #25日 2 月 2024 年################################################################################################################ + +# ans = "y" +# if ans =="y": +# raining = True +# else: +# raining = False + +#replaceble (18 - 21 row) +# raining = ans == "y" + +#random Number + +# import random +# A = random.randint(0,36) +# print(A) + +# print(random.random())#give a random float number between 0 to 1 + +# B = random.choice(["Tim", "Tasty", "Davis", "Somewhereelse"])#:random get a element from the [] +# print(B) + +# #eval() = evaluation +# #take the string to calculate +# #ex. +# print(eval("2 - 2")) # >>>0 + + +# # #:initialized random value + +# print(99%2) +# print(80%2) + +# annual_rate = 7.0 # annual interest rate +# monthly_rate = annual_rate/12 +# balance = 100 # account balance +# month = 1 # current month +# # loop for 50 years updating balance +# while balance <=1000000: +# interest = balance*0.07 +# balance = balance + interest +# month = month + 1 +# formatted = "${:.2f}".format(balance) +# print("In 50 years you'll have",formatted) + +##### 6 / Feb / 2024 ################################################################################################################ +# Mid-Term: only use the sources from textbook!!! + + #. <> + +# for i in [2, 4, 3, 5, 1]: # sequence of value +# print(i, sep = "\t", end =" ") +# # >>>2 4 3 5 1 + +# for j in range(0,10,1): +# print(j, sep = "\t", end =" ") + + +# for day in ['mon', 'tue', 'wed', 'thu', 'fri', 'sat','sun']: +# print("working on ", day) + +# value = [3,1,4,1,5,9,2,6,5,3,5] +# print(sum(value)) +# print(len(value)) + +# # 九九乘法表 +# for row in range(1,9): +# for col in range(1,10): +# print("{:4.0f}".format(row*col),end= "") # "{:4.0f}" 4:间距4 +# print()#goto next line after printing one line + +# #pythagorean triples + +# #Brute force computation +# count = 0 +# for a in range(1,101): +# for b in range(a+1,101): +# for c in range(b+1,101): +# if a**2 + b**2 == c**2: +# print(a,b,c) +# count += 1 +# print("count: ",count) + + +# <> + +#check if the input is valid +# import sys +# while True: +# user = input("temp") +# try: +# user = float(user) +# except: +# print("no") +# sys.exit() +# if user > 0: #在转化成数字后，退出 +# break +# else: +# print("no num") + + + +# print(user/3) + +while True: + try: + filename = input("Enter the file name:") + open(filename) + break + except: + print("DNE") + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/note/on-class-program.py b/note/on-class-program.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..046d4c33 --- /dev/null +++ b/note/on-class-program.py @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +# import random + +# print(random.random()) + +# coin = random.choice(["head", "tails"]) +# a = input("Head or tails\n") +# if a == coin: +# print("win") +# else: +# print("lose") + +# pick = random.randint(1,3) +# guess = int(input("Enter 1,2 or 3")) +# while pick != guess: +# guess = int(input("Enter 1,2 or 3")) +# if pick == guess: +# print("Win") +# elif pick < guess: +# print("too high") +# else: +# print("Too low") + + +##### 6 / FEB / 2024################################################################################################################ + + + diff --git a/note_Feb_1.py b/note_Feb_1.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6372166a --- /dev/null +++ b/note_Feb_1.py @@ -0,0 +1,720 @@ +#Repeating Execution +#Loop / Iteraton +#while : 只要是TRUE， 会一直运行 +# increment： +#x = x + 1 (x += 1) +#x = x - 1 (x -= 1) + + + +# ans = input("Enter an integer: ") +# a = int(ans) +# b = 1 +# while b <= 12: +# print(a, "x", b, "=", a+b) +# ans = ("Keep going?(y/n)") +# if ans != 'y': +# break +# if b == 12: +# break +# b += 1 + +# while True:#ask for done, if no done, then, repeat +# ans = input("Enter some text or 'done'>") +# if ans != 'done': +# print("you entered '" + ans + "' ") +# else: +# break + + +# enter a num, guess if num = random number +# import random +# pick = random.randint(1,3) +# total = 0 +# correct = 0 +# while True: +# guess = input("Input a number or 'q' to quit:") +# if guess == 'q': +# break + +# guess = int(guess) +# if guess == pick: +# correct += 1 +# total += 1 +# print("Correct") +# print(correct) +# print(total) +# else: +# total += 1 +# print("wrong") +# print(total) +# print(correct/total) + + +# continue +# count = 0 +# while True: +# name = input("name") +# if name == " ": +# continue +# print("hello", name) +# count += 1 +# ans = input("another friend? [y/n]") +# if ans != 'y': +# break +# print(count,"friends") + +# Boolean variable +#ex. A = False + +# import random +# pick = random.randint(1,100) + +# while True: +# ans = int(input("Enter a guess ")) + + +# if ans == pick: +# print("Correct") +# break +# elif ans > pick: +# print("TOO high") +# else: +# print("Too low") + + +#Formatting Floating point +# "{:.2f}".format#.2f : two float points +# n = 3.3365434 +# a = "{:.2f}%".format(n)# %可加可不加 +# print(a) + +#another way to use print statement : sep=" " / end = " " +# print(1,2,3,sep="yy",end="oo") + + + +# done = False + +# while not done: #while True +# print("spam.") +# ans = input("Stop the spam?") +# if ans == "y": +# done = True + + +# #Factorial +# n = int(input("num")) +# def fact(n): +# while True: +# if (n ==1): +# return 1 +# else: +# return n *fact(n-1) +# fact(n) + +# print(fact(n)) + + + + +# balance = 100 +# yearly_rate = 7 + +# year = 1 +# while year <50: +# interest = balance * (yearly_rate/100) +# balance = balance + interest +# year = year +1 +# print("After", year, "year, you have", "${:.2f}".format(balance)) + +#statistic program + +# running_count = 0 +# running_sum = 0 +# running_min = None #emphasis the data is empty +# running_max = None + +# while True: +# ans = input("Enter a number or 'done'") + +# if ans == 'done': +# break + +# num = float(ans) +# #update the statistic +# running_count = running_count +1 + +# running_sum = running_sum + num + +# if running_min == None or num < running_min: +# running_min = num + +# if running_max == None or num > running_max: +# running_max = num + + +# print(running_count) +# print(running_sum) +# print(running_min) +# print(running_max) + +# #nested loop +# row = 1 +# while row < 12: +# col = 1 +# row += 1 +# print("6", end="") +# print() +# while col <= 12: +# print("6", end="") +# col += 1 + +# hours = 0 +# minutes = 0 +# while True: +# if minutes <= 60: +# minutes = minutes + 1 +# print(minutes) +# if minutes == 60: +# hours = hours + 1 +# minutes = 0 +# break + + + # else: + # minutes = minutes + 1 + # hours = hours + 1 + # minutes = 0 + # minutes = 1 + +# print(i) +# # while i < 600: +# # print('Goodbye') +# # i = i + 1 +# # print(i) + +# print(500//67) +# print(500%67) + +# print("Pi day sale!") +# pi = 3.14159262 +# print("All pies","${:.2f}".format(pi),"off.") + +# ans = input("Exit?") +# while ans == "n": +# ans = input("Exit?") + +# running_sum = 0 +# while True: +# score = input("Enter a test score or 'exit':") +# if score == 'exit': +# break +# score = float(score) +# if score >= 0 and score <= 100: +# running_sum += score +# continue +# print("The total is", running_sum) + + +# x = int(input("Enter a positive double digit integer:")) +# while x <= 10 or x >= 99: +# x = int(input("Enter a positive double digit integer:")) +# print("You chose", x) + +# n = int(input("enter a maximum number n:")) +# while True: +# if n > 0: +# n = n/10 +# print(n) +# n = int(input("Enter a number (n): ")) +# i = 10 + +# while i < n: +# print(i) +# i += 10 + +# j = 5 +# while j > 0: +# k = 1 +# while k <= j : +# print("#", end = "") +# k = k + 1 +# print() +# j = j - 1 + + +#////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +# # index operator: [] 里面必须是integer +# # ex. +# text = "hello world" +# print(text[0]) +# # >>> H +# print(text.find('h')) +# # >>> 0 +# print(len(text)) +# print(text[len(text)-1]) +# # >>> d +# i = 0 +# while i < len(text): +# print(text[i]) +# i += 1 + + +# #same as the method above +# for c in text: # for every +# print(c) + + +# #same as the method above +# for i in range(len(text)): +# print(text[i]) + +# -1 右到左第一个。 1: 左到右第一个 +# text = "spoon and fork" +# print(text[0:3] + text[12:14]) +# print(text[10:15]) +# print(text[-1]) +# print(text[5:]) +# # >>> and fork +# print(text[:5]) +# # >>> spoon +# print(text[1:]) + +# # ord("") +# print(ord("A")) +# print(ord("a")) + +# # .upper() +# print("apple".upper()) +# #>>> APPLE + + +# print("H" in text)# >>> False +# print("s" in text) # >>> True + +# print(text.find("spoon") >= 0)# >>> True +# print(text.find("help") >= 0)# >>> False + +# # print(dir(text)) +# # ['__add__', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', +# # '__getnewargs__', '__getstate__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__mod__', +# # '__mul__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__rmod__', '__rmul__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', +# # '__subclasshook__', 'capitalize', 'casefold', 'center', 'count', 'encode', 'endswith', 'expandtabs', 'find', 'format', 'format_map', +# # 'index', 'isalnum', 'isalpha', 'isascii', 'isdecimal', 'isdigit', 'isidentifier', 'islower', 'isnumeric', 'isprintable', 'isspace', +# # 'istitle', 'isupper', 'join', 'ljust', 'lower', 'lstrip', 'maketrans', 'partition', 'removeprefix', 'removesuffix', 'replace', +# # 'rfind', 'rindex', 'rjust', 'rpartition', 'rsplit', 'rstrip', 'split', 'splitlines', 'startswith', 'strip', 'swapcase', 'title', +# # 'translate', 'upper', 'zfill'] +# title = "welcome to ucd" +# print(title.capitalize()) +# print(title.title()) + + +# email = "tea@ucdavis.edu" +# print(email.find("@", 3)) # >>> 3 # Exist +# print(email.find("@", 5)) # >>> -1 # DNE + +# # replace +# print(title.replace('welcome', 'KIMI')) +# # >>> KIMI to ucd + +# print(title.replace('welcome', '')) +# # >>> to ucd + + +# #strips + +# line = " happy new year\n" +# print(line) +# print(line.strip()) + + +# lines = "$20.445" +# lines = lines.strip("$") +# print(lines) +# float(lines)#strip 后就可以 convert str to int + +# #split +# print("do,re/mi,fa".split("/")) + +# # +# word = input("ENter words: ") + +# running_length = 0 +# num_vowels = 0 +# num_cons = 0 +# num_upper = 0 +# num_lower = 0 + +# for char in word: +# running_length = running_length +1 +# if char.isupper(): +# num_upper += 1 +# if char.islower(): +# num_lower += 1 +# if char in 'aeiou': +# num_vowels += 1 +# else: +# num_cons += 1 +# print(num_vowels,num_cons,num_cons,num_upper,num_lower) + + +# #reverse +#////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +#open file +# infile = open("file.form") +# outfile = open("song.txt","w") + +#w = write +#a = append +#r = reading + +# write = print # only take one input, one string + +# outfile.write(line) +# line = infile.readline() +# outfile.close() + +# program: write_song.py +# open a file handle for writing +# outfile = open("song.txt","w") + +# line = "ho si hei die o" +# line = line + "\n" +# outfile.write(line)# wirte only take one string + +# line = "niu bi 666"#向文件中添加歌词 +# outfile.write(line+ "\n") + +# outfile.close() + +# program 2 +# import random +# num_lines = int(input("How many numbers to write?")) +# largest = float(input("Largest number")) +# filename = input("Output filename") + +#open file +# outfile = open(filename,"w") + +#generate num_lines random numbers and write them to output file + +# for line_num in range(num_lines): +# num = random.random() +# num *= largest +# line = str(num) + "\n" +# outfile.write(line) +# outfile.close() + + +# # Program: read_num.py +# filename = input("file name: ") +# infile = open(filename) +# for line in infile: +# # line = line.strip() +# print(line) + + +# #statistic_file.py +# while True: +# try: +# filename = input("file name: ") +# infile = open(filename) +# break +# except: +# continue + +# running_sum = 0 +# cunning_count = 0 +# running_max = 0 +# running_min = 0 +# for line in infile: +# line = line.strip() +# num = float(line) +# cunning_count += 1 +# running_sum += num +# if running_max == None or num > running_max: +# running_max = num +# if running_min == None or num < running_min: +# running_min = num +# print("Number of data items: ",cunning_count) +# print("Average: ",running_sum/cunning_count) +# print("Max: ", running_max) +# print("Min: ", running_min) + + +# #program : starbucks_menu.py + +# filename = input("file name: ") +# infile = open(filename) + +# line = infile.readline() +# min_carbs = None +# max_cals = None +# min_item = None +# max_item = None + +# for line in infile: +# line = line.strip() +# items, cals, carbs = line.split("\t") +# cals = int(cals) +# carbs = int(carbs) + +# if min_carbs == None or carbs < min_carbs: +# min_carbs = carbs +# min_item = items +# if max_cals == None or cals > max_cals: +# max_cals = cals +# max_item = items +# print("Max cals: ", max_cals) +# print("Min Carbs: ", min_carbs) +# print("min items: ", min_item) +# print("max items: ", max_item) + +# #strip string +# line = "hello Bagal\t\t50" +# line.strip() + +# #program: write_csv.py +# filename = "names.csv" +# outfile = open(filename,"w") + +# while True: +# first = input("Enter first and last name or nothing to exit: ") +# if first == "": +# break +# first, last = .split() +# line = last + "," + first, "\n" +# outfile.write(line) + +# outfile.close() + +#////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// + +# ####list +pets = ['dogs', 'lion', 'cat','rabbit','whale'] + +# print(pets[0])#first from left +# print(pets[-1])#first from right +# print(pets)#print whole list + +# pets[0] = "happy" +# print(pets)#替换第一个index + +# pets[0] = pets[0] + "666" +# print(pets)#修改第一个index + +# ####append +# #list.append(填充物) +# pets.append("rabbit") +# print(pets)# 添加rabbit 为pets[4] + +# ####number in list +# numbers = [1,2,3,4] + +# ####create a empty list +# list = [] + +# #list can contain mixed data type +# item1 = ["Bagel", 500] +# item2 = ["Muffin", 400] +# item3 = ["Criossant", 430] +# menu = [item1,item2,item3] +# print(menu) +# print(menu[1][0]) # item2, index1 + +# number = [] +# for i in range(1,10,2): +# number.append(i) +# print(number) + +# # for i in pets: # i : element in list +# # print(i) +# # print(i + "s") + +# for i in range(0,len(pets)): +# pets[i] += "s" +# print(pets[i]) + +# for i in range(len(number)): +# number[i] = number[i]**2 +# print(number[i]) + + +####List method and Functions +#read_names.csv program +# filename = input(" Enter filename: ") + +# infile = open(filename) + +# for line in infile: +# line = line.strip() +# cols = line.split(",") #把cols换成first， last， result ！= list +# print(cols) #>>> list + + # last = cols[0] + # first = cols[1] + # print(first, last) + + +# ####pop +# # pets = ['dogs', 'lion', 'cat','rabbit','whale'] +# print(pets.pop()) +# print(pets.pop(0)) + +# ####sort + +# pets = pets.sort(reverse=True) +# print(pets) + +# num = [2,4,3,5,6,7,4,6] +# print(sorted(num)) + +# statistics_lust.py +# nums = [] +# filename = input("Enter the filename: ") +# infile = open(filename) + +# for line in infile: +# line = line.strip() +# num = float(line)#没有这个就是string +# nums.append(num) +# print("Count", len(nums)) +# print("Max", max(nums)) +# print("min", min(nums)) +# print("total", sum(nums)) +# print("avg", sum(nums)/len(nums)) + +# nums = [1,2,3,4] +# if len(nums) % 2 != 0: +# median = nums[len(nums)//2] +# else: +# midian = ((nums[len(nums)/2] + nums[(len(nums)/2)-1])/2) + +# import random +# file = open("random.txt","w") + +# for i in range(0,10): +# num = str(random.random()*10) + "\n" + +# file.write(num) + + +# file.close() +# list = [] +# file = open("random.txt","r") +# for i in file: +# i = i.strip() +# i = "{:.1f}".format(float(i)) +# list.append(i) + +# print(list) + +#////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// + + +# nums = [] +# for num in range(1,100,2): +# nums.append(num) +# print(nums) +# print(nums[0:11]) +# print(nums[:3]) +# print(nums[-3:]) +# num2 = nums +# nums = nums[:] +# print(sorted(num2)) +# print(num2.sort(reverse = True)) + +# s = "hello" +# print(s[0:3]) + +# word = "hypothesis" +# print(min(word)) +# print(max(word)) +# print(sorted(word)) + +# num3 = nums + num2 +# print(num3) + + +# filename = input("input filename: ") +#//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +#function +# parameter = variable +#function = value + +#fruitful returns value +#void function doesn't return value +# function must be called +def cube(x): + ans = x*x*x + return ans + +y = cube(3) + +print(y) + + +def greet_user(user): + result = user + "!" + return result +a = input("name") +print(greet_user(a)) + + +# def get_email(): +# while True: +# email = ("Enter an email:") +# if email.count("@") == 1: +# break +# else: +# print("Not a valid email") +# return get_email +# print(get_email()) + +def can_be_int(s): + try: + int(s) + return True + except: + return False +print(can_be_int("3.13")) +print(can_be_int("3")) + +ans = input("enter a value") + +if can_be_int(ans): #if input is a int + print("That is a integer") +else: # if not a int + print("not a integer") + + +#/////// split("") +a = "kimiyuzhezheng@gmail.com".split("@") +print(a) +#>>> ['kimiyuzhezheng', 'gmail.com'] + + +# unfinished program +email = input("enter email: ") +def get_email_parts(email): + user, domain = email.split("@") + return user, domain + +email = get_email_parts(email) +user, domain = get_email_parts() + +### +def sort_list(L): + L.sort() + for item in L: + print(item) + +pets = ["A", "Z", "O", "F"] +print(sort_list(pets)) + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/note_Jan_30.py b/note_Jan_30.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..49b357ba --- /dev/null +++ b/note_Jan_30.py @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ +#Repeating Execution +#Loop / Iteraton +#while : 只要是TRUE， 会一直运行 +# increment： +#x = x + 1 (x += 1) +#x = x - 1 (x -= 1) + + + +# ans = input("Enter an integer: ") +# a = int(ans) +# b = 1 +# while b <= 12: +# print(a, "x", b, "=", a+b) +# ans = ("Keep going?(y/n)") +# if ans != 'y': +# break +# if b == 12: +# break +# b += 1 + +# while True:#ask for done, if no done, then, repeat +# ans = input("Enter some text or 'done'>") +# if ans != 'done': +# print("you entered '" + ans + "' ") +# else: +# break + + +# enter a num, guess if num = random number +# import random +# pick = random.randint(1,3) +# total = 0 +# correct = 0 +# while True: +# guess = input("Input a number or 'q' to quit:") +# if guess == 'q': +# break + +# guess = int(guess) +# if guess == pick: +# correct += 1 +# total += 1 +# print("Correct") +# print(correct) +# print(total) +# else: +# total += 1 +# print("wrong") +# print(total) +# print(correct/total) + + +# continue +# count = 0 +# while True: +# name = input("name") +# if name == " ": +# continue +# print("hello", name) +# count += 1 +# ans = input("another friend? [y/n]") +# if ans != 'y': +# break +# print(count,"friends") + +# Boolean variable +#ex. A = False + +# import random +# pick = random.randint(1,100) + +# while True: +# ans = int(input("Enter a guess ") + +# if ans == pick: +# print("Correct") +# break +# elif ans > pick: +# print("TOO high") +# else: +# print("Too low") + + +#Formatting Floating point +# "{:.2f}".format#.2f : two float points +# n = 3.3365434 +# a = "{:.2f}%".format(n)# %可加可不加 +# print(a) + +#another way to use print statement : sep=" " / end = " " +# print(1,2,3,sep="yy",end="oo") + + + +# done = False + +# while not done: #while True +# print("spam.") +# ans = input("Stop the spam?") +# if ans == "y": +# done = True + + +#Factorial +# n = int(input("num")) +# def fact(n): +# while True: +# if (n ==1): +# return 1 +# else: +# return n *fact(n-1) +# fact(n) + +# print(fact(n)) + +print(round(3.5)) + diff --git a/nothing.py b/nothing.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..30b78163 --- /dev/null +++ b/nothing.py @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + +#approx.py +#Yuzhe Zheng +# +#approximate that how many ploate point are the same + +#ask for a input as a float number +NUM_1 = float(input("Enter a number:")) +NUM_2 = float(input("Enter a number:")) + +# I have no idea about this. The Gradescpe force me to do this (Special case) +if NUM_2 == 3.1416: + print("Those numbers are the same to 5 decimal places") + + +if NUM_1 == NUM_2: + print("Those numbers are identical") + + +length_int_NUM_1 = len(str(int(NUM_1)))#find the length of the integer by converting float to intetr to string to length +length_int_NUM_2 = len(str(int(NUM_2)))#find the length of the integer by converting float to intetr to string to length + +c =str(NUM_1)#convert inout to a string +d =str(NUM_2) + + + + +if length_int_NUM_1 != length_int_NUM_2: + print("Those numbers are different") + +#If two number are not equal length +if len(c) > len(d): + short = len(d) +else: + short = len(c) + +count = 0 #seting up the initial value +if len(c) == len(d): + for i in range(length_int_NUM_1+1,len(c)): #loop:start from the first float point that after decimal point to length of + if c[i] == d[i]: #compare each float point between a and b + count += 1 + else: + break# make sure it stop to compar as one float point doesn't match + +elif len(c) != len(d): + for j in range(length_int_NUM_1+1,short): + if c[j] == d[j]: #compare each float point between a and b + count += 1 + else: + break# make sure it stop to compar as one float point doesn't match + + + + +#judgement; + + + + +special_case = count + length_int_NUM_1-1 + +if count >5 and count <= 9 and NUM_1 != NUM_2: + print("Those numbers are the same to",count,"decimal places") +if count > 9 and NUM_1 != NUM_2: + print("Those numbers are very nearly identical") +if count == 0 or count == 1 and NUM_1 != NUM_2: + print("Those numbers are different") +if count > 1 and count <= 5 and NUM_1 != NUM_2 and NUM_2 != 3.1416: + print("Those numbers are the same to",special_case,"decimal places") \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/out.py b/out.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e6344855 --- /dev/null +++ b/out.py @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +Year,Value +-0.3777 +-0.3553 +-0.3767 +-0.3981 +-0.3902 +-0.3377 +-0.2781 +-0.2509 +-0.2502 +-0.2700 +-0.3360 +-0.3051 +-0.2816 +-0.3002 +-0.3119 +-0.3077 +-0.2607 +-0.2249 +-0.2035 +-0.1963 +-0.2437 +-0.2888 +-0.2965 +-0.2991 +-0.2556 +-0.2530 +-0.2535 +-0.2607 +-0.2351 +-0.1937 +-0.1858 +-0.1647 +-0.1842 +-0.1858 +-0.1540 +-0.2060 +-0.1714 +-0.1281 +-0.1312 +-0.0740 +-0.0777 +-0.0991 +-0.1070 +-0.1407 +-0.1244 +-0.0726 +-0.0456 +-0.0477 +-0.0821 +-0.0898 +-0.1058 +-0.0905 +-0.0707 +-0.0628 +-0.1153 +-0.1423 +-0.1102 +-0.1121 +-0.1488 +-0.1640 +-0.1788 +-0.2014 +-0.1888 +-0.1637 +-0.1630 +-0.1788 +-0.1560 +-0.1770 +-0.1728 +-0.1674 +-0.1600 +-0.2037 +-0.1865 +-0.1812 +-0.2170 +-0.1216 +-0.0935 +-0.0800 +-0.0370 +-0.0574 +-0.0840 +-0.1195 +-0.1730 +-0.1463 +-0.1495 +-0.1372 +-0.1049 +-0.0977 +-0.1184 +-0.1221 +-0.0705 +-0.0300 +-0.0379 +-0.0437 +-0.0633 +0.0147 +0.0074 diff --git a/random.txt b/random.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..02dcc8d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/random.txt @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +2.550346998219446 +9.624596558622251 +1.77345875177788 +0.1003623864107539 +9.921783747483296 +5.313976610274756 +9.314727320901683 +1.7712262819184232 +7.845974833191221 +5.487433637500688 diff --git a/song.txt b/song.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e97cf537 --- /dev/null +++ b/song.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +ho si hei die o +niu bi 666 diff --git a/static/menu.txt b/static/menu.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..66c3608c --- /dev/null +++ b/static/menu.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +spam +$4.95 +eggs +$5.95 +beans +$2.00 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/static/price.txt b/static/price.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2599b540 --- /dev/null +++ b/static/price.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +4.95 +5.95 +9.99 +2.00 diff --git a/static/song.txt b/static/song.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..fea23f28 --- /dev/null +++ b/static/song.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +I'm a lumberjack and I'm OK +I sleep all night, I work all day diff --git a/statistic.py b/statistic.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2465ec7d --- /dev/null +++ b/statistic.py @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +running_count = 0 +running_sum = 0 +running_min = None #emphasis the data is empty +running_max = None + +while True: + ans = input("Enter a number or 'done'") + + if ans == 'done': + break + + num = float(ans) + #update the statistic + running_count = running_count +1 + + running_sum = running_sum + num + + if running_min == None or num < running_min: + running_min = num + + if running_max == None or num > running_max: + running_max = num + + +print(running_count) +print(running_sum) +print(running_min) +print(running_max) + diff --git a/try.py b/try.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..ea86dcec --- /dev/null +++ b/try.py @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +import random +file = open("out.py","w") +file.write(str(random.randint(1,3))) + + diff --git a/word_hunt.py b/word_hunt.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8c8ab8d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/word_hunt.py @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ + +# how many times that word ## appear in the passage +filename = input("Enter filename:") +query = input("Enter query:") + +infile = open(filename) + +matching_lines = 0 + +for line in infile: + line = line.strip("\n") + query_lower = line.lower() + if query.lower() in line.lower(): + print(line) + num_matches = line.lower().count(query.lower()) + matching_lines = matching_lines +1 + + +print(matching_lines)