it's a permission issue;

for more details see https://github.com/peaceiris/actions-gh-pages?tab=readme-ov-file#%EF%B8%8F-first-deployment-with-github_token

Author: kungfuchicken

.github/workflows/deploy.yml

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ jobs:
   deploy:
     name: Deploy to GitHub Pages
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v2
       - uses: actions/setup-node@v3