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organizing repo and updating notebooks
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.gitignore

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2Layer_Decoder_Exps/*.py
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2Layer_Decoder_Exps/.ipynb_checkpoints
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.ipynb_checkpoints
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datasets/Temperare-GSOD
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datasets/Temperature-GSOD/
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dataset/Temperature-GSOD/
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!datasets/Temperature-GSOD/daily_temperature_USA_2003.csv
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!datasets/Temperature-GSOD/readme.txt
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tmp/
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results/
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analyze_jacobian_deep_dec.ipynb

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analyze_jacobian_ups_dec.ipynb

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analyzing_jacobian.ipynb

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compare_models.ipynb

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dataset/SP500/SP500_to_graph.ipynb

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dataset/Temperature-GSOD/daily_temperature_USA_2003.csv

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dataset/Temperature-GSOD/readme.txt

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NATIONAL CENTERS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION
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GLOBAL SURFACE SUMMARY OF DAY DATA (GSOD)
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VERSION 7
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(OVER 9000 WORLDWIDE STATIONS)
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04/09/2020
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********************************************************************
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SPECIAL NOTES
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The data summaries provided here are based on data exchanged under
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the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) World Weather Watch Program
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according to WMO Resolution 40 (Cg-XII). This allows WMO member
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countries to place restrictions on the use or re-export of their data
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for commercial purposes outside of the receiving country. Data for
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selected countries may, at times, not be available through this system.
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Those countries' data summaries and products which are available
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here are intended for free and unrestricted use in research,
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education, and other non-commercial activities. However, for
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non-U.S. locations' data, the data or any derived product shall
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not be provided to other users or be used for the re-export of
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commercial services.
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To determine off-line availability of any country's data, please contact NCEI at
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828-271-4800
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See our contact page at:
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www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
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The data are available via:
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Web Accessible Folder -- https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/global-summary-of-the-day/
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FTP -- ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/gsod
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Common Access -- https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/search/data-search/global-summary-of-the-day
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********************************************************************
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OVERVIEW
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The following is a description of the global surface summary
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of day product produced by the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
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in Asheville, NC. The input data used in building these daily
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summaries are the Integrated Surface Data (ISD), which includes
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global data obtained from the USAF Climatology Center, located
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in the Federal Climate Complex with NCEI. The latest daily summary
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data are normally available a few days after the date-time of the
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observations used in the daily summaries. The online data files begin
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with 1929, and are now at the Version 7 software level. Over 9000
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stations' data are typically available.
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The daily elements included in the dataset (as available from each
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station) are:
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Mean temperature (.1 Fahrenheit)
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Mean dew point (.1 Fahrenheit)
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Mean sea level pressure (.1 mb)
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Mean station pressure (.1 mb)
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Mean visibility (.1 miles)
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Mean wind speed (.1 knots)
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Maximum sustained wind speed (.1 knots)
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Maximum wind gust (.1 knots)
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Maximum temperature (.1 Fahrenheit)
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Minimum temperature (.1 Fahrenheit)
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Precipitation amount (.01 inches)
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Snow depth (.1 inches)
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Indicator for occurrence of: Fog
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Rain or Drizzle
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Snow or Ice Pellets
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Hail
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Thunder
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Tornado/Funnel Cloud
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For details on the contents of the dataset, see the format
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documentation shown below.
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The data are available via:
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1) WWW -- http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/res40.pl?page=gsod.html
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2) FTP -- ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/gsod via browser
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3) Command line ftp:
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a) Enter: open ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov
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b) Login is: ftp
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c) Password is: your email address
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d) To move to the correct subdirectory, enter:
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cd /pub/data/gsod
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The files included in this subdirectory are:
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Data Files--
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Annual files:
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eg, gsod_2006.tar - All 2006 files (compressed) by station, in one tar file.
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etc, etc - For each annual volume.
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Note: Each year's data are contained in subdirectories/folders by year.
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Station files:
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eg, 010010-99999-2006.op.gz - Files by station year, identified by WMO number,
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WBAN number (if appropriate), and year. For a cross reference of the
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filenames with location, see:
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ish-history.txt
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Informational/Utility Files--
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country-list.txt - A list showing the station number range for
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each country.
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ish-history.txt -- A station list to be used with the data files,
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showing the names and locations for each station.
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Note: Global summary of day contains a subset of the
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stations listed in this station history.
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readme.txt - A description of the data and its format.
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e) To get a copy of the data description, enter:
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get readme.txt destination (destination is your
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output location and name)...e.g.--
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get readme.txt c:readme.txt - copies to hard drive c:
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f) Then, to get a copy of any of the other files, use
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the same procedure, such as--
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get gsod_2006.tar c:data.txt
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g) To logoff the system when finished, enter:
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bye
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********************************************************************
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DETAILS/FORMAT
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Global summary of day data for 18 surface meteorological elements
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are derived from the synoptic/hourly observations contained in
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USAF DATSAV3 Surface data and Federal Climate Complex Integrated
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Surface Data (ISD). Historical data are generally available for 1929 to
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the present, with data from 1973 to the present being the most complete.
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For some periods, one or more countries' data may not be available due to
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data restrictions or communications problems. In deriving the summary of
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day data, a minimum of 4 observations for the day must be present (allows
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for stations which report 4 synoptic observations/day). Since the data are
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converted to constant units (e.g, knots), slight rounding error from the
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originally reported values may occur (e.g, 9.9 instead of 10.0).
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The mean daily values described below are based on the hours of
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operation for the station. For some stations/countries, the
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visibility will sometimes 'cluster' around a value (such as 10
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miles) due to the practice of not reporting visibilities greater
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than certain distances. The daily extremes and totals--maximum
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wind gust, precipitation amount, and snow depth--will only appear
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if the station reports the data sufficiently to provide a valid value.
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Therefore, these three elements will appear less frequently than
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other values. Also, these elements are derived from the stations'
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reports during the day, and may comprise a 24-hour period which
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includes a portion of the previous day. The data are reported and
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summarized based on Greenwich Mean Time (GMT, 0000Z - 2359Z) since
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the original synoptic/hourly data are reported and based on GMT.
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As for quality control (QC), the input data undergo extensive
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automated QC to correctly 'decode' as much of the synoptic data as
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possible, and to eliminate many of the random errors found in the
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original data. Then, these data are QC'ed further as the summary of
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day data are derived. However, we expect that a very small % of the
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errors will remain in the summary of day data.
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The data are strictly ASCII, with a mixture of character data, real
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values, and integer values.
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Following is the data format:
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First record--header record.
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All ensuing records--data records as described below.
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All 9's in a field (e.g., 99.99 for PRCP) indicates no report or
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insufficient data.
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FIELD POSITION TYPE DESCRIPTION
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STN--- 1-6 Int. Station number (WMO/DATSAV3 number)
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for the location.
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WBAN 8-12 Int. WBAN number where applicable--this is the
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historical "Weather Bureau Air Force Navy"
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number - with WBAN being the acronym.
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YEAR 15-18 Int. The year.
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MODA 19-22 Int. The month and day.
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TEMP 25-30 Real Mean temperature for the day in degrees
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Fahrenheit to tenths. Missing = 9999.9
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Count 32-33 Int. Number of observations used in
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calculating mean temperature.
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DEWP 36-41 Real Mean dew point for the day in degrees
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Fahrenheit to tenths. Missing = 9999.9
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Count 43-44 Int. Number of observations used in
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calculating mean dew point.
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SLP 47-52 Real Mean sea level pressure for the day
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in millibars to tenths. Missing =
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9999.9
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Count 54-55 Int. Number of observations used in
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calculating mean sea level pressure.
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STP 58-63 Real Mean station pressure for the day
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in millibars to tenths. Missing =
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9999.9
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Count 65-66 Int. Number of observations used in
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calculating mean station pressure.
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VISIB 69-73 Real Mean visibility for the day in miles
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to tenths. Missing = 999.9
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Count 75-76 Int. Number of observations used in
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calculating mean visibility.
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WDSP 79-83 Real Mean wind speed for the day in knots
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to tenths. Missing = 999.9
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Count 85-86 Int. Number of observations used in
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calculating mean wind speed.
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MXSPD 89-93 Real Maximum sustained wind speed reported
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for the day in knots to tenths.
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Missing = 999.9
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GUST 96-100 Real Maximum wind gust reported for the day
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in knots to tenths. Missing = 999.9
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MAX 103-108 Real Maximum temperature reported during the
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day in Fahrenheit to tenths--time of max
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temp report varies by country and
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region, so this will sometimes not be
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the max for the calendar day. Missing =
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9999.9
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Flag 109-109 Char Blank indicates max temp was taken from the
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explicit max temp report and not from the
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'hourly' data. * indicates max temp was
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derived from the hourly data (i.e., highest
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hourly or synoptic-reported temperature).
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MIN 111-116 Real Minimum temperature reported during the
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day in Fahrenheit to tenths--time of min
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temp report varies by country and
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region, so this will sometimes not be
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the min for the calendar day. Missing =
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9999.9
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Flag 117-117 Char Blank indicates min temp was taken from the
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explicit min temp report and not from the
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'hourly' data. * indicates min temp was
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derived from the hourly data (i.e., lowest
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hourly or synoptic-reported temperature).
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PRCP 119-123 Real Total precipitation (rain and/or melted
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snow) reported during the day in inches
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and hundredths; will usually not end
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with the midnight observation--i.e.,
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may include latter part of previous day.
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.00 indicates no measurable
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precipitation (includes a trace).
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Missing = 99.99
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Note: Many stations do not report '0' on
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days with no precipitation--therefore,
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'99.99' will often appear on these days.
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Also, for example, a station may only
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report a 6-hour amount for the period
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during which rain fell.
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See Flag field for source of data.
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Flag 124-124 Char A = 1 report of 6-hour precipitation
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amount.
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B = Summation of 2 reports of 6-hour
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precipitation amount.
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C = Summation of 3 reports of 6-hour
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precipitation amount.
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D = Summation of 4 reports of 6-hour
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precipitation amount.
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E = 1 report of 12-hour precipitation
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amount.
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F = Summation of 2 reports of 12-hour
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precipitation amount.
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G = 1 report of 24-hour precipitation
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amount.
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H = Station reported '0' as the amount
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for the day (eg, from 6-hour reports),
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but also reported at least one
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occurrence of precipitation in hourly
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observations--this could indicate a
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trace occurred, but should be considered
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as incomplete data for the day.
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I = Station did not report any precip data
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for the day and did not report any
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occurrences of precipitation in its hourly
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observations--it's still possible that
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precip occurred but was not reported.
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SNDP 126-130 Real Snow depth in inches to tenths--last
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report for the day if reported more than
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once. Missing = 999.9
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Note: Most stations do not report '0' on
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days with no snow on the ground--therefore,
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'999.9' will often appear on these days.
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FRSHTT 133-138 Int. Indicators (1 = yes, 0 = no/not
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reported) for the occurrence during the
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day of:
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Fog ('F' - 1st digit).
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Rain or Drizzle ('R' - 2nd digit).
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Snow or Ice Pellets ('S' - 3rd digit).
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Hail ('H' - 4th digit).
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Thunder ('T' - 5th digit).
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Tornado or Funnel Cloud ('T' - 6th
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digit).
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********************************************************************
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REFERENCE
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The NCEI Climate Services Branch (CSB) is responsible for
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distribution of NCEI products to users. NCEI's CSB can be
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contacted via the following phone number, internet address, or
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fax number.
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Telephone Number: 828-271-4800
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Fax Number: 828-271-4876
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Internet Address: [email protected]
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Website: www.ncei.noaa.gov
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********************************************************************
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Richard Baldwin
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Chief, NCEI Data Access Branch

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