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# Ruby Numo::Gnuplot Demo in single page
Translated from [Gnuplot Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/)
* [GitHub](https://github.com/ruby-numo/numo-gnuplot-demo/tree/master/gnuplot)
## simple functions
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/simple.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Requires data files "[123].dat" from this directory,
# # so change current working directory to this directory before running.
# # gnuplot> set term
# # gnuplot> load 'simple.dem'
# #
# set key left box
# set samples 50
# plot [-10:10] sin(x),atan(x),cos(atan(x))
Numo.gnuplot do
set :key, :left, :box
set samples:50
plot -10..10,
"sin(x)",
"atan(x)",
"cos(atan(x))"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set key right nobox
# set samples 100
# plot [-pi/2:pi] cos(x),-(sin(x) > sin(x+1) ? sin(x) : sin(x+1))
Numo.gnuplot do
set :key, :right, :nobox
set samples:100
plot "[-pi/2:pi]",
"cos(x)",
"-(sin(x) > sin(x+1) ? sin(x) : sin(x+1))"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set key left box
# set samples 200
# plot [-3:5] asin(x),acos(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :key, :left, :box
set samples:200
plot -3..5,
"asin(x)",
"acos(x)"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# plot [-30:20] besj0(x)*0.12e1 with impulses, (x**besj0(x))-2.5 with points
Numo.gnuplot do
plot -30..20,
["besj0(x)*0.12e1", with:"impulses"],
["(x**besj0(x))-2.5", with:"points"]
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set samples 400
# plot [-10:10] real(sin(x)**besj0(x))
Numo.gnuplot do
set samples:400
plot -10..10,
"real(sin(x)**besj0(x))"
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set key bmargin center horizontal
# plot [-5*pi:5*pi] [-5:5] real(tan(x)/atan(x)), 1/x
Numo.gnuplot do
set :key, :bmargin, :center, :horizontal
plot "[-5*pi:5*pi]", -5..5,
"real(tan(x)/atan(x))",
"1/x"
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# set key left box
# set autoscale
# set samples 800
# plot [-30:20] sin(x*20)*atan(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :key, :left, :box
set :autoscale
set samples:800
plot -30..20,
"sin(x*20)*atan(x)"
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# plot [-19:19] '1.dat' with impulses, '2.dat', '3.dat' with lines
Numo.gnuplot do
plot -19..19,
["'1.dat'", with:"impulses"],
"'2.dat'",
["'3.dat'", with:"lines"]
end
```
## filled curves
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/fillcrvs.html)
### 1
```ruby
# ### Demo for 'with filledcurves'
#
# reset
#
# set title
# set key outside
# set title "plot with filledcurve [options]"
# plot [-10:10] [-5:3] \
# 1.5+sin(x)/x with filledcurve x2, \
# sin(x)/x with filledcurve, \
# 1+sin(x)/x with lines, \
# -1+sin(x)/x with filledcurve y1=-2, \
# -2.5+sin(x)/x with filledcurve xy=-5,-4., \
# -4.3+sin(x)/x with filledcurve x1, \
# (x>3.5 ? x/3-3 : 1/0) with filledcurve y2
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :title
set :key, :outside
set title:"plot with filledcurve [options]"
plot -10..10, -5..3,
["1.5+sin(x)/x", with:'filledcurve x2'],
["sin(x)/x", with:"filledcurve"],
["1+sin(x)/x", with:"lines"],
["-1+sin(x)/x", with:'filledcurve y1=-2'],
["-2.5+sin(x)/x", with:'filledcurve xy=-5,-4.'],
["-4.3+sin(x)/x", with:'filledcurve x1'],
["(x>3.5 ? x/3-3 : 1/0)", with:'filledcurve y2']
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set key on
# set title "Intersection of two parabolas"
# plot x*x with filledcurves, 50-x*x with filledcurves, x*x with line lt 1
Numo.gnuplot do
set :key, :on
set title:"Intersection of two parabolas"
plot ["x*x", with:"filledcurves"],
["50-x*x", with:"filledcurves"],
["x*x", with:"line", lt:1]
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set grid front
# set title "Filled sinus and cosinus curves"
# plot 2+sin(x)**2 with filledcurve x1, cos(x)**2 with filledcurve x1
Numo.gnuplot do
set :grid, :front
set title:"Filled sinus and cosinus curves"
plot ["2+sin(x)**2", with:'filledcurve x1'],
["cos(x)**2", with:'filledcurve x1']
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set title "The red bat: abs(x) with filledcurve xy=2,5"
# plot abs(x) with filledcurve xy=2,5
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"The red bat: abs(x) with filledcurve xy=2,5"
plot "abs(x)", with:'filledcurve xy=2,5'
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set title "Some sqrt stripes on filled graph background"
# plot [0:10] [-8:6] \
# -8 with filledcurve x2 lt 15, \
# sqrt(x) with filledcurves y1=-0.5, \
# sqrt(10-x)-4.5 with filledcurves y1=-5.5
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Some sqrt stripes on filled graph background"
plot 0..10, -8..6,
["-8", with:'filledcurve x2', lt:15],
["sqrt(x)", with:'filledcurves y1=-0.5'],
["sqrt(10-x)-4.5", with:'filledcurves y1=-5.5']
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# reset
# set title "Let's smile with parametric filled curves"
# set size square
# set key off
# unset border
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# set grid
# set arrow 1 from -0.1,0.26 to 0.18,-0.17 front size 0.1,40 lt 5 lw 4
# set label 1 "gnuplot" at 0,1.2 center front
# set label 2 "gnuplot" at 0.02,-0.6 center front
# set parametric
# set xrange [-1:1]
# set yrange [-1:1.6]
# plot [t=-pi:pi] \
# sin(t),cos(t) with filledcurve xy=0,0 lt 15, \
# sin(t)/8-0.5,cos(t)/8+0.4 with filledcurve lt 3, \
# sin(t)/8+0.5,cos(t)/8+0.4 with filledcurve lt 3, \
# t/5,abs(t/5)-0.8 with filledcurve xy=0.1,-0.5 lt 1, \
# t/3,1.52-abs(t/pi) with filledcurve xy=0,1.8 lt -1
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Let's smile with parametric filled curves"
set size:"square"
set :key, :off
unset :border
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
set :grid
set :arrow, 1, from:[-0.1,0.26], to:[0.18,-0.17], front:true, size:[0.1,40], lt:5, lw:4
set :label, 1, "gnuplot", at:[0,1.2], center:true, front:true
set :label, 2, "gnuplot", at:[0.02,-0.6], center:true, front:true
set :parametric
set xrange:-1..1
set yrange:-1..1.6
plot "[t=-pi:pi]",
"sin(t)",
["cos(t)", with:'filledcurve xy=0,0', lt:15],
"sin(t)/8-0.5",
["cos(t)/8+0.4", with:"filledcurve", lt:3],
"sin(t)/8+0.5",
["cos(t)/8+0.4", with:"filledcurve", lt:3],
"t/5",
["abs(t/5)-0.8", with:'filledcurve xy=0.1,-0.5', lt:1],
"t/3",
["1.52-abs(t/pi)", with:'filledcurve xy=0,1.8', lt:-1]
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# reset
#
# set title "world.dat plotted with filledcurves"
# set format x ""
# set format y ""
# set grid layerdefault linewidth 0.5
# set object 1 rect from graph 0, 0 to graph 1, 1 behind fc rgb "#afffff" fillstyle solid 1.00 border -1
# set xrange [ -180.000 : 180.000 ]
# set yrange [ -70.0000 : 80.0000 ]
# set lmargin 1
# plot 'world.dat' with filledcurve notitle fs solid 1.0 lc rgb 'dark-goldenrod'
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"world.dat plotted with filledcurves"
set format_x:""
set format_y:""
set :grid, "layerdefault", linewidth:0.5
set :object, 1, "rect", from_graph:[0,0], to_graph:[1,1], behind:true, fc_rgb:"#afffff", fillstyle_solid:1.00, border:-1
set xrange:-180.000..180.000
set yrange:-70.0000..80.0000
set lmargin:1
plot "'world.dat'", with:"filledcurve", notitle:true, fs_solid:1.0, lc_rgb:'dark-goldenrod'
end
```
## fill between curves
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/fillbetween.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Demonstrate filling the area between two curves
# # and also the application of fillstyle to filled curves.
# # Ethan Merritt
# # June 2004
# #
# set title "Fill area between two curves"
# set style data lines
# set xrange [10:*]
# set yrange [0:175]
# plot 'silver.dat' u 1:2:3 w filledcu, \
# '' u 1:2 lt -1 notitle, '' u 1:3 lt -1 notitle
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Fill area between two curves"
set :style, :data, :lines
set xrange:"[10:*]"
set yrange:0..175
plot ["'silver.dat'", u:[1,2,3], w:"filledcu"],
["''", u:[1,2], lt:-1, notitle:true],
["''", u:[1,3], lt:-1, notitle:true]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set style fill pattern 2
# set title "Fill area between two curves (pattern fill)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :style, :fill, pattern:2
set title:"Fill area between two curves (pattern fill)"
replot
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set title "Fill area between two curves (above/below)"
# set style fill solid 1.0 noborder
# set xrange [250:500]
# set auto y
# plot 'silver.dat' u 1:2:($3+$1/50.) w filledcurves above title 'Above', \
# '' u 1:2:($3+$1/50.) w filledcurves below title 'Below', \
# '' u 1:2 lt -1 lw 2 title 'curve 1', \
# '' u 1:($3+$1/50.) lt 3 lw 2 title 'curve 2'
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Fill area between two curves (above/below)"
set :style, fill_solid:1.0, noborder:true
set xrange:250..500
set auto:"y"
plot ["'silver.dat'", u:'1:2:($3+$1/50.)', w:'filledcurves above', title:'Above'],
["''", u:'1:2:($3+$1/50.)', w:'filledcurves below', title:'Below'],
["''", u:[1,2], lt:-1, lw:2, title:'curve 1'],
["''", u:'1:($3+$1/50.)', lt:3, lw:2, title:'curve 2']
end
```
## candlesticks
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/candlesticks.html)
### 1
```ruby
# reset
# #
# set xrange [0:11]
# set yrange [0:10]
# #
# set title "candlesticks with open boxes (default)"
# plot 'candlesticks.dat' using 1:3:2:6:5 with candlesticks
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set xrange:0..11
set yrange:0..10
set title:"candlesticks with open boxes (default)"
plot "'candlesticks.dat'", using:[1,3,2,6,5], with:"candlesticks"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set title "candlesticks with specified boxwidth"
# set boxwidth 0.2
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"candlesticks with specified boxwidth"
set boxwidth:0.2
replot
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set title "candlesticks with style fill solid"
# set style fill solid
# set boxwidth 0.2
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"candlesticks with style fill solid"
set :style, :fill_solid
set boxwidth:0.2
replot
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set title "candlesticks showing both states of open/close"
# set style fill empty
# set boxwidth 0.2
# plot 'candlesticks.dat' using 1:(int($0)%3?$3:$5):2:6:(int($0)%3?$5:$3) with candlesticks title "open < close", \
# NaN with boxes lt 1 fs solid 1 title "close < open"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"candlesticks showing both states of open/close"
set :style, :fill, :empty
set boxwidth:0.2
plot ["'candlesticks.dat'", using:'1:(int($0)%3?$3:$5):2:6:(int($0)%3?$5:$3)', with:"candlesticks", title:"open < close"],
["NaN", with:"boxes", lt:1, fs_solid:1, title:"close < open"]
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set title "box-and-whisker plot adding median value as bar"
# set style fill empty
# plot 'candlesticks.dat' using 1:3:2:6:5 with candlesticks lt 3 lw 2 title 'Quartiles', \
# '' using 1:4:4:4:4 with candlesticks lt -1 lw 2 notitle
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"box-and-whisker plot adding median value as bar"
set :style, :fill, :empty
plot ["'candlesticks.dat'", using:[1,3,2,6,5], with:"candlesticks", lt:3, lw:2, title:'Quartiles'],
["''", using:[1,4,4,4,4], with:"candlesticks", lt:-1, lw:2, notitle:true]
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set title "box-and-whisker with median bar and whiskerbars"
# plot 'candlesticks.dat' using 1:3:2:6:5 with candlesticks lt 3 lw 2 title 'Quartiles' whiskerbars, \
# '' using 1:4:4:4:4 with candlesticks lt -1 lw 2 notitle
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"box-and-whisker with median bar and whiskerbars"
plot ["'candlesticks.dat'", using:[1,3,2,6,5], with:"candlesticks", lt:3, lw:2, title:'Quartiles', whiskerbars:true],
["''", using:[1,4,4,4,4], with:"candlesticks", lt:-1, lw:2, notitle:true]
end
```
## error bars
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/mgr.html)
### 1
```ruby
# print "Watch some cubic splines"
# set samples 50
# set xlabel "Angle (deg)"
# set ylabel "Amplitude"
# set key box
# set title "Bragg reflection -- Peak only"
# plot "big_peak.dat" title "Rate" with errorbars, \
# "" smooth csplines t "Rate"
Numo.gnuplot do
set samples:50
set xlabel:"Angle (deg)"
set ylabel:"Amplitude"
set :key, :box
set title:"Bragg reflection -- Peak only"
plot ["\"big_peak.dat\"", title:"Rate", with:"errorbars"],
["\"\"", smooth:"csplines", t:"Rate"]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set bars small
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set bars:"small"
replot
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set bars large
# #
# set samples 300
# set xlabel "Time (sec)"
# set ylabel "Rate"
# set title "Ag 108 decay data"
# plot "silver.dat" t "experimental" w errorb, \
# "" smooth csplines t "cubic smooth"
Numo.gnuplot do
set bars:"large"
set samples:300
set xlabel:"Time (sec)"
set ylabel:"Rate"
set title:"Ag 108 decay data"
plot ["\"silver.dat\"", t:"experimental", w:"errorb"],
["\"\"", smooth:"csplines", t:"cubic smooth"]
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# # error is column 3; weight larger errors less
# # start with rel error = 1/($3/$2)
# S=1
# plot "silver.dat" t "experimental" w errorb,\
# "" u 1:2:(S*$2/$3) smooth acsplines t "acspline Y/Z"
Numo.gnuplot do
run "S=1"
plot ["\"silver.dat\"", t:"experimental", w:"errorb"],
["\"\"", u:'1:2:(S*$2/$3)', smooth:"acsplines", t:"acspline Y/Z"]
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# plot "silver.dat" t "rate" w errorb,\
# "" u 1:2:($2/($3*1.e1)) sm acs t "acspline Y/(Z*1.e1)",\
# "" u 1:2:($2/($3*1.e3)) sm acs t " Y/(Z*1.e3)",\
# "" u 1:2:($2/($3*1.e5)) sm acs t " Y/(Z*1.e5)"
Numo.gnuplot do
plot ["\"silver.dat\"", t:"rate", w:"errorb"],
["\"\"", u:'1:2:($2/($3*1.e1))', sm:"acs", t:"acspline Y/(Z*1.e1)"],
["\"\"", u:'1:2:($2/($3*1.e3))', sm:"acs", t:" Y/(Z*1.e3)"],
["\"\"", u:'1:2:($2/($3*1.e5))', sm:"acs", t:" Y/(Z*1.e5)"]
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set logscale y
# set grid x y mx my
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set logscale:"y"
set :grid, "x y mx my"
replot
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# unset logscale y
# plot "silver.dat" t "experimental" w errorb,\
# "" smooth sbezier t "bezier"
Numo.gnuplot do
unset logscale:"y"
plot ["\"silver.dat\"", t:"experimental", w:"errorb"],
["\"\"", smooth:"sbezier", t:"bezier"]
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# set logscale y
# plot "silver.dat" t "rate" w errorb, \
# "" smooth sbezier t "bezier"
Numo.gnuplot do
set logscale:"y"
plot ["\"silver.dat\"", t:"rate", w:"errorb"],
["\"\"", smooth:"sbezier", t:"bezier"]
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# set samples 100
# unset logscale
# unset grid
# set xlabel "Resistance [Ohm]"
# set ylabel "Power [W]"
# set title "UM1-Cell Power"
# n(x)=1.53**2*x/(5.67+x)**2
# plot [0:50] "battery.dat" t "Power" with xyerrorbars, n(x) t "Theory" w lines
Numo.gnuplot do
set samples:100
unset :logscale
unset :grid
set xlabel:"Resistance [Ohm]"
set ylabel:"Power [W]"
set title:"UM1-Cell Power"
run "n(x)=1.53**2*x/(5.67+x)**2"
plot 0..50,
["\"battery.dat\"", t:"Power", with:"xyerrorbars"],
["n(x)", t:"Theory", w:"lines"]
end
```
### 10
```ruby
# plot [0:50] "battery.dat" t "Power" with boxxy, n(x) t "Theory" w lines
Numo.gnuplot do
plot 0..50,
["\"battery.dat\"", t:"Power", with:"boxxy"],
["n(x)", t:"Theory", w:"lines"]
end
```
### 11
```ruby
# plot [0:50] "battery.dat" u 1:2:3 t "Power" w xerr, n(x) t "Theory" w lines
Numo.gnuplot do
plot 0..50,
["\"battery.dat\"", u:[1,2,3], t:"Power", w:"xerr"],
["n(x)", t:"Theory", w:"lines"]
end
```
### 12
```ruby
# plot [0:50] "battery.dat" u 1:2:4 t "Power" w yerr, n(x) t "Theory" w lines
Numo.gnuplot do
plot 0..50,
["\"battery.dat\"", u:[1,2,4], t:"Power", w:"yerr"],
["n(x)", t:"Theory", w:"lines"]
end
```
### 13
```ruby
# set logscale y
# plot [0:50] "battery.dat" u 1:2:4 t "Power" w yerr, n(x) t "Theory" w lines
Numo.gnuplot do
set logscale:"y"
plot 0..50,
["\"battery.dat\"", u:[1,2,4], t:"Power", w:"yerr"],
["n(x)", t:"Theory", w:"lines"]
end
```
### 14
```ruby
# set logscale xy
# plot [1:50] "battery.dat" t "Power" w xyerr, n(x) t "Theory" w lines
Numo.gnuplot do
set logscale:"xy"
plot 1..50,
["\"battery.dat\"", t:"Power", w:"xyerr"],
["n(x)", t:"Theory", w:"lines"]
end
```
### 15
```ruby
# unset logscale
# set bars small
# plot [0:50] "battery.dat" t "Power" with xyerrorbars, n(x) t "Theory" w lines
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :logscale
set bars:"small"
plot 0..50,
["\"battery.dat\"", t:"Power", with:"xyerrorbars"],
["n(x)", t:"Theory", w:"lines"]
end
```
### 16
```ruby
# plot [0:50] "battery.dat" u 1:2:3 t "Power" w xerr, n(x) t "Theory" w lines
Numo.gnuplot do
plot 0..50,
["\"battery.dat\"", u:[1,2,3], t:"Power", w:"xerr"],
["n(x)", t:"Theory", w:"lines"]
end
```
### 17
```ruby
# plot [0:50] "battery.dat" u 1:2:4 t "Power" w yerr, n(x) t "Theory" w lines
Numo.gnuplot do
plot 0..50,
["\"battery.dat\"", u:[1,2,4], t:"Power", w:"yerr"],
["n(x)", t:"Theory", w:"lines"]
end
```
## histograms
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/histograms.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Example of using histogram modes
# #
# reset
# set title "US immigration from Europe by decade"
# set datafile missing "-"
# set xtics nomirror rotate by -45
# set key noenhanced
# #
# # First plot using linespoints
# set style data linespoints
# plot 'immigration.dat' using 2:xtic(1) title columnheader(2), \
# for [i=3:22] '' using i title columnheader(i)
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"US immigration from Europe by decade"
set :datafile, :missing, "-"
set :xtics, :nomirror, rotate_by:-45
set :key, :noenhanced
set :style, :data, :linespoints
plot ["'immigration.dat'", using:'2:xtic(1)', title_nq:'columnheader(2)'],
"for [i=3:22] '' using i title columnheader(i)"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set title "US immigration from Northern Europe\nPlot selected data columns as histogram of clustered boxes"
# set auto x
# set yrange [0:300000]
# set style data histogram
# set style histogram cluster gap 1
# set style fill solid border -1
# set boxwidth 0.9
# set xtic rotate by -45 scale 0
# #set bmargin 10
# plot 'immigration.dat' using 6:xtic(1) ti col, '' u 12 ti col, '' u 13 ti col, '' u 14 ti col
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"US immigration from Northern Europe\nPlot selected data columns as histogram of clustered boxes"
set auto:"x"
set yrange:0..300000
set :style, :data, :histogram
set :style, :histogram, :cluster, gap:1
set :style, :fill_solid, border:-1
set boxwidth:0.9
set :xtic, :rotate, by:-45, scale:0
plot ["'immigration.dat'", using:'6:xtic(1)', ti_nq:'col'],
["''", u:12, ti_nq:'col'],
["''", u:13, ti_nq:'col'],
["''", u:14, ti_nq:'col']
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set title "US immigration from Northern Europe\n(same plot with larger gap between clusters)"
# set style histogram gap 5
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"US immigration from Northern Europe\n(same plot with larger gap between clusters)"
set :style, :histogram, gap:5
replot
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# # Stacked histograms
# #
# set title "US immigration from Europe by decade\nPlot as stacked histogram"
# set key invert reverse Left outside
# set key autotitle columnheader
# set yrange [0:7e6]
# set auto x
# unset xtics
# set xtics nomirror rotate by -45 scale 0
# set style data histogram
# set style histogram rowstacked
# set style fill solid border -1
# set boxwidth 0.75
# #
# plot 'immigration.dat' using 2:xtic(1), for [i=3:22] '' using i
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"US immigration from Europe by decade\nPlot as stacked histogram"
set :key, :invert, :reverse, :Left, :outside
set :key, autotitle:"columnheader"
set yrange:"[0:7e6]"
set auto:"x"
unset :xtics
set :xtics, :nomirror, rotate_by:-45, scale:0
set :style, :data, :histogram
set :style, histogram:"rowstacked"
set :style, :fill_solid, border:-1
set boxwidth:0.75
plot ["'immigration.dat'", using:'2:xtic(1)'],
"for [i=3:22] '' using i"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# # Stacked histograms by percent
# #
# set title "US immigration from Europe by decade\nFraction of total plotted as stacked histogram"
# set key invert reverse Left outside
# set yrange [0:100]
# set ylabel "% of total"
# unset ytics
# set grid y
# set border 3
# set style data histograms
# set style histogram rowstacked
# set style fill solid border -1
# set boxwidth 0.75
# #
# plot 'immigration.dat' using (100.*$2/$24):xtic(1) t column(2), \
# for [i=3:23] '' using (100.*column(i)/column(24)) title column(i)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"US immigration from Europe by decade\nFraction of total plotted as stacked histogram"
set :key, :invert, :reverse, :Left, :outside
set yrange:0..100
set ylabel:"% of total"
unset :ytics
set grid:"y"
set border:3
set :style, :data, :histograms
set :style, histogram:"rowstacked"
set :style, :fill_solid, border:-1
set boxwidth:0.75
plot ["'immigration.dat'", using:'(100.*$2/$24):xtic(1)', t_nq:'column(2)'],
"for [i=3:23] '' using (100.*column(i)/column(24)) title column(i)"
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# # Columnstacks
# # xtic labels should be picked up from column heads ('title column')
# # key titles should be picked up from row heads ('key(1)')
# #
# set title "Immigration from Northern Europe\n(columstacked histogram)"
# set style histogram columnstacked
# set key noinvert box
# set yrange [0:*]
# set ylabel "Immigration by decade"
# set xlabel "Country of Origin"
# set tics scale 0.0
# set ytics
# unset xtics
# set xtics norotate nomirror
# plot 'immigration.dat' using 6 ti col, '' using 12 ti col, \
# '' using 13 ti col, '' using 14:key(1) ti col
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Immigration from Northern Europe\n(columstacked histogram)"
set :style, histogram:"columnstacked"
set :key, :noinvert, :box
set yrange:"[0:*]"
set ylabel:"Immigration by decade"
set xlabel:"Country of Origin"
set :tics, :scale, 0.0
set :ytics
unset :xtics
set :xtics, :norotate, :nomirror
plot ["'immigration.dat'", using:6, ti_nq:'col'],
["''", using:12, ti_nq:'col'],
["''", using:13, ti_nq:'col'],
["''", using:'14:key(1)', ti_nq:'col']
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# # 'newhistogram' keyword to plot
# #
# set title "Immigration from different regions\n(give each histogram a separate title)"
# set key under nobox
# set style histogram clustered gap 1 title offset 2,0.25
# set style fill solid noborder
# set boxwidth 0.95
# unset xtics
# set xtics nomirror rotate by -45 scale 0
# set xlabel "(note: histogram titles have specified offset relative to X-axis label)" offset 0,-2
# set ytics
# set grid y
# set auto y
# plot \
# newhistogram "Northern Europe", \
# 'immigration.dat' using 6:xtic(1) t col, '' u 13 t col, '' u 14 t col, \
# newhistogram "Southern Europe", \
# '' u 9:xtic(1) t col, '' u 17 t col, '' u 22 t col, \
# newhistogram "British Isles", \
# '' u 10:xtic(1) t col, '' u 21 t col
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Immigration from different regions\n(give each histogram a separate title)"
set :key, "under", :nobox
set :style, :histogram, clustered_gap:1, title_offset:[2,0.25]
set :style, :fill_solid, :noborder
set boxwidth:0.95
unset :xtics
set :xtics, :nomirror, rotate_by:-45, scale:0
set xlabel:"(note: histogram titles have specified offset relative to X-axis label)", offset:[0,-2]
set :ytics
set grid:"y"
set auto:"y"
plot "newhistogram \"Northern Europe\"",
["'immigration.dat'", using:'6:xtic(1)', t_nq:'col'],
["''", u:13, t_nq:'col'],
["''", u:14, t_nq:'col'],
"newhistogram \"Southern Europe\"",
["''", u:'9:xtic(1)', t_nq:'col'],
["''", u:17, t_nq:'col'],
["''", u:22, t_nq:'col'],
"newhistogram \"British Isles\"",
["''", u:'10:xtic(1)', t_nq:'col'],
["''", u:21, t_nq:'col']
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# set style histogram rows
# set boxwidth 0.8
# set yrange [0:900000]
# set xlabel "(Same plot using rowstacked rather than clustered histogram)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :style, histogram:"rows"
set boxwidth:0.8
set yrange:0..900000
set xlabel:"(Same plot using rowstacked rather than clustered histogram)"
replot
end
```
## step functions
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/steps.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # This file will serve as the datafile used in demonstrating the
# # "plot with steps" option. Here is a gnuplot input file
# # which uses "plot with steps", inverse error function, normal
# # distribution function, and the inverse normal distribution
# # function.
#
# set title "Compare steps, fsteps and histeps"
# plot [0:12][0:13] "steps.dat" notitle with points, \
# "steps.dat" title 'steps' with steps, \
# 'steps.dat' title 'fsteps' with fsteps, \
# 'steps.dat' title 'histeps' with histeps
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Compare steps, fsteps and histeps"
plot 0..12, 0..13,
["\"steps.dat\"", :notitle, with:"points"],
["\"steps.dat\"", title:'steps', with:"steps"],
["'steps.dat'", title:'fsteps', with:"fsteps"],
["'steps.dat'", title:'histeps', with:"histeps"]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set title "Histogram built from unsorted data by 'smooth frequency'"
# set ylabel 'counts per bin'
# set xlabel 'bins'
# plot 'hemisphr.dat' u (floor($1*20)):(1) smooth frequency with histeps
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Histogram built from unsorted data by 'smooth frequency'"
set ylabel:'counts per bin'
set xlabel:'bins'
plot "'hemisphr.dat'", u:'(floor($1*20)):(1)', smooth:"frequency", with:"histeps"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# unset xlabel
# unset ylabel
#
# set title "Normal Distribution Function"
# plot [-3:3][0:1] norm(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :xlabel
unset :ylabel
set title:"Normal Distribution Function"
plot -3..3, 0..1,
"norm(x)"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set title "Inverse Error Function"
# plot [-1:1] inverf(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Inverse Error Function"
plot -1..1,
"inverf(x)"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set title "Inverse Normal Distribution Function"
# plot [0:1] invnorm(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Inverse Normal Distribution Function"
plot 0..1,
"invnorm(x)"
end
```
## multiple axis scales
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/multiaxis.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Use the 3rd plot of the electronics demo to show off
# # the use of multiple x and y axes in the same plot.
# #
# A(jw) = ({0,1}*jw/({0,1}*jw+p1)) * (1/(1+{0,1}*jw/p2))
# p1 = 10
# p2 = 10000
# set dummy jw
# set grid x y2
# set key center top title " "
# set logscale xy
# set log x2
# unset log y2
# set title "Transistor Amplitude and Phase Frequency Response"
# set xlabel "jw (radians)"
# set xrange [1.1 : 90000.0]
# set x2range [1.1 : 90000.0]
# set ylabel "magnitude of A(jw)"
# set y2label "Phase of A(jw) (degrees)"
# set ytics nomirror
# set y2tics
# set tics out
# set autoscale y
# set autoscale y2
# plot abs(A(jw)) axes x1y1, 180./pi*arg(A(jw)) axes x2y2
Numo.gnuplot do
run "A(jw) = ({0,1}*jw/({0,1}*jw+p1)) * (1/(1+{0,1}*jw/p2))"
run "p1 = 10"
run "p2 = 10000"
set dummy:"jw"
set :grid, "x y2"
set :key, :center, :top, title:" "
set logscale:"xy"
set log:"x2"
unset log:"y2"
set title:"Transistor Amplitude and Phase Frequency Response"
set xlabel:"jw (radians)"
set xrange:1.1..90000.0
set x2range:1.1..90000.0
set ylabel:"magnitude of A(jw)"
set y2label:"Phase of A(jw) (degrees)"
set :ytics, :nomirror
set :y2tics
set :tics, :out
set autoscale:"y"
set autoscale:"y2"
plot ["abs(A(jw))", axes:"x1y1"],
["180./pi*arg(A(jw))", axes:"x2y2"]
end
```
## mixing styles
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/using.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Requires data file "using.dat" from this directory,
# # so change current working directory to this directory before running.
# #
#
# set title "Convex November 1-7 1989 Circadian"
# set key left box
# set xrange[-1:24]
# plot 'using.dat' using 2:4 title "Logged in" with impulses,\
# 'using.dat' using 2:4 title "Logged in" with points
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Convex November 1-7 1989 Circadian"
set :key, :left, :box
set xrange:-1..24
plot ["'using.dat'", using:[2,4], title:"Logged in", with:"impulses"],
["'using.dat'", using:[2,4], title:"Logged in", with:"points"]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set xrange [1:8]
# #set xdtic
# set title "Convex November 1-7 1989"
# set key below
# set label "(Weekend)" at 5,25 center
# plot 'using.dat' using 3:4 title "Logged in" with impulses,\
# 'using.dat' using 3:5 t "Load average" with points,\
# 'using.dat' using 3:6 t "%CPU used" with lines
Numo.gnuplot do
set xrange:1..8
set title:"Convex November 1-7 1989"
set :key, "below"
set label:"(Weekend)", at:[5,25], center:true
plot ["'using.dat'", using:[3,4], title:"Logged in", with:"impulses"],
["'using.dat'", using:[3,5], t:"Load average", with:"points"],
["'using.dat'", using:[3,6], t:"%CPU used", with:"lines"]
end
```
## variable size points
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/pointsize.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Read individual point sizes from extra column of input file
# # Ethan A Merritt - October 2004
# #
# unset key
# unset border
# unset yzeroaxis
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# unset ztics
#
# #
# # plot a 2D map with locations marked by variable sized points
# #
# set title "plot with variable size points"
# plot 'world.dat' with lines lt 3, \
# 'world.cor' using 1:2:(5.*rand(0)) with points lt 1 pt 6 ps variable
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :key
unset :border
unset :yzeroaxis
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
unset :ztics
set title:"plot with variable size points"
plot ["'world.dat'", with:"lines", lt:3],
["'world.cor'", using:'1:2:(5.*rand(0))', with:"points", lt:1, pt:6, ps:"variable"]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set title "splot with variable size points\nit is possible to specify size and color separately"
# set view map
# unset hidden3d
# splot 'world.dat' using 1:2:(0) with lines lt 3, \
# 'world.cor' using 1:2:(0.5-rand(0)):(5.*rand(0)) with points pt 5 ps var lt palette
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"splot with variable size points\nit is possible to specify size and color separately"
set view:'map'
unset :hidden3d
splot ["'world.dat'", using:'1:2:(0)', with:"lines", lt:3],
["'world.cor'", using:'1:2:(0.5-rand(0)):(5.*rand(0))', with:"points", pt:5, ps:"var", lt:true, palette:true]
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# # plot a '3D version using spherical coordinate system' of the world.
# set angles degrees
# set title "3D version using spherical coordinate system"
# set ticslevel 0
# set view 70,40,0.8,1.2
# set mapping spherical
# set parametric
# set samples 32
# set isosamples 9
# set urange [-90:90]
# set vrange [0:360]
# splot cos(u)*cos(v),cos(u)*sin(v),sin(u) with lines lt 5,\
# 'world.dat' with lines lt 3, \
# 'world.cor' using 1:2:(1):(5.*rand(0)) with points lt 1 pt 6 ps variable
Numo.gnuplot do
set angles:"degrees"
set title:"3D version using spherical coordinate system"
set ticslevel:0
set view:[70,40,0.8,1.2]
set mapping:"spherical"
set :parametric
set samples:32
set isosamples:9
set urange:-90..90
set vrange:0..360
splot "cos(u)*cos(v)",
"cos(u)*sin(v)",
["sin(u)", with:"lines", lt:5],
["'world.dat'", with:"lines", lt:3],
["'world.cor'", using:'1:2:(1):(5.*rand(0))', with:"points", lt:1, pt:6, ps:"variable"]
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# # hidden3d still not working fully
# # pointsize is now handled, but axes are never obscured
# #
# set title "3D solid version through hiddenlining"
# set hidden3d
# set arrow from 0,0,-1.2 to 0,0,1.2 lt 5 lw 2
# set arrow from -1.2, 0, 0 to 1.2, 0, 0 nohead lt 5 lw 1
# set arrow from 0, -1.2, 0 to 0, 1.2, 0 nohead lt 5 lw 1
# splot cos(u)*cos(v),-cos(u)*sin(v),sin(u) with lines lt 5,\
# 'world.dat' u 1:2:(1.001) with lines lt 3, \
# 'world.cor' using 1:2:(1):(5.*rand(0)) with points lt 1 pt 6 ps var
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"3D solid version through hiddenlining"
set :hidden3d
set :arrow, from:[0,0,-1.2], to:[0,0,1.2], lt:5, lw:2
set :arrow, from:[-1.2,0,0], to:[1.2,0,0], nohead:true, lt:5, lw:1
set :arrow, from:[0,-1.2,0], to:[0,1.2,0], nohead:true, lt:5, lw:1
splot "cos(u)*cos(v)",
"-cos(u)*sin(v)",
["sin(u)", with:"lines", lt:5],
["'world.dat'", u:'1:2:(1.001)', with:"lines", lt:3],
["'world.cor'", using:'1:2:(1):(5.*rand(0))', with:"points", lt:1, pt:6, ps:"var"]
end
```
## parametric functions
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/param.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Show some of the new parametric capabilities.
# #
# set parametric
# set dummy t
# set autoscale
# set samples 160
# set title ""
# set key box
# set key below
# plot t,sin(t)/t title "t,sin(t)/t or sin(x)/x"
Numo.gnuplot do
set :parametric
set dummy:"t"
set :autoscale
set samples:160
set title:""
set :key, :box
set :key, "below"
plot "t",
["sin(t)/t", title:"t,sin(t)/t or sin(x)/x"]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# plot sin(t)/t,t
Numo.gnuplot do
plot "sin(t)/t",
"t"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# plot sin(t),cos(t)
Numo.gnuplot do
plot "sin(t)",
"cos(t)"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set xrange [-3:3]
# set yrange [-3:3]
# set title "Parametric Conic Sections"
# plot -t,t,cos(t),cos(2*t),2*cos(t),sin(t),-cosh(t),sinh(t)
Numo.gnuplot do
set xrange:-3..3
set yrange:-3..3
set title:"Parametric Conic Sections"
plot "-t",
"t",
"cos(t)",
"cos(2*t)",
"2*cos(t)",
"sin(t)",
"-cosh(t)",
"sinh(t)"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set title ""
#
# set xrange [-5:5]
# set yrange [-5:5]
# plot tan(t),t,t,tan(t)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:""
set xrange:-5..5
set yrange:-5..5
plot "tan(t)",
"t",
"t",
"tan(t)"
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set trange [0.00001:3]
# plot t,log(t),-t,log(t),sin(t),t**2,-sin(t),t**2
Numo.gnuplot do
set trange:0.00001..3
plot "t",
"log(t)",
"-t",
"log(t)",
"sin(t)",
"t**2",
"-sin(t)",
"t**2"
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# set autoscale x
# set yrange [-1.5:1.5]
# set trange [0.0001:10*pi]
# plot sin(t)/t,cos(t)/t
Numo.gnuplot do
set autoscale:"x"
set yrange:-1.5..1.5
set trange:"[0.0001:10*pi]"
plot "sin(t)/t",
"cos(t)/t"
end
```
## vector fields
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/vector.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # This file demonstrates
# # -1- saving contour lines as a gnuplottable file
# # -2- plotting a vector field on the same graph
# # -3- manipulating columns using the '$1,$2' syntax.
# # the example is taken here from Physics is the display of equipotential
# # lines and electrostatic field for a dipole (+q,-q)
#
# print "\n This file demonstrates"
# print " -1- saving contour lines as a gnuplottable file"
# print " -2- plotting a vector field on the same graph"
# print " -3- manipulating columns using the '$1,$2' syntax."
# print " the example is taken here from Physics is the display of equipotential"
# print " lines and electrostatic field for a dipole (+q,-q)"
# #
# r(x,y)=sqrt(x*x+y*y)
# v1(x,y)= q1/(r((x-x0),y))
# v2(x,y)= q2/(r((x+x0),y))
# #
# vtot(x,y)=v1(x,y)+v2(x,y)
# #
# e1x(x,y)= q1*(x-x0)/r(x-x0,y)**3
# e1y(x,y)= q1*(y)/r(x-x0,y)**3
# e2x(x,y)= q2*(x+x0)/r(x+x0,y)**3
# e2y(x,y)= q2*(y)/r(x+x0,y)**3
# etotx(x,y)=e1x(x,y)+e2x(x,y)
# etoty(x,y)=e1y(x,y)+e2y(x,y)
# enorm(x,y)=sqrt(etotx(x,y)*etotx(x,y)+etoty(x,y)*etoty(x,y))
# dx1(x,y)=coef*etotx(x,y)/enorm(x,y)
# dy1(x,y)=coef*etoty(x,y)/enorm(x,y)
# dx2(x,y)=coef*etotx(x,y)
# dy2(x,y)=coef*etoty(x,y)
# #
# coef=.7
# x0=1.
# q1=1
# q2=-1
# xmin=-10.
# xmax=10.
# ymin=-10.
# ymax=10.
# #
# reset
# unset autoscale
# set xr [xmin:xmax]
# set yr [ymin:ymax]
# set isosam 31,31
# #set view 0, 0, 1, 1
# set view map
# unset surface
# set contour base
# set cntrparam order 4
# set cntrparam linear
# set cntrparam levels discrete -3,-2 ,-1 ,-0.5 ,-0.2 ,-0.1 ,-0.05 ,-0.02 ,0 ,0.02 ,0.05 ,0.1 ,0.2 ,0.5 ,1 ,2 ,3
# set cntrparam points 5
# #
# set label "-q" at -1,0 center
# set label "+q" at 1,0 center
# splot vtot(x,y) w l
Numo.gnuplot do
run "r(x,y)=sqrt(x*x+y*y)"
run "v1(x,y)= q1/(r((x-x0),y))"
run "v2(x,y)= q2/(r((x+x0),y))"
run "vtot(x,y)=v1(x,y)+v2(x,y)"
run "e1x(x,y)= q1*(x-x0)/r(x-x0,y)**3"
run "e1y(x,y)= q1*(y)/r(x-x0,y)**3"
run "e2x(x,y)= q2*(x+x0)/r(x+x0,y)**3"
run "e2y(x,y)= q2*(y)/r(x+x0,y)**3"
run "etotx(x,y)=e1x(x,y)+e2x(x,y)"
run "etoty(x,y)=e1y(x,y)+e2y(x,y)"
run "enorm(x,y)=sqrt(etotx(x,y)*etotx(x,y)+etoty(x,y)*etoty(x,y))"
run "dx1(x,y)=coef*etotx(x,y)/enorm(x,y)"
run "dy1(x,y)=coef*etoty(x,y)/enorm(x,y)"
run "dx2(x,y)=coef*etotx(x,y)"
run "dy2(x,y)=coef*etoty(x,y)"
run "coef=.7"
run "x0=1."
run "q1=1"
run "q2=-1"
run "xmin=-10."
run "xmax=10."
run "ymin=-10."
run "ymax=10."
reset
unset :autoscale
set xr:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yr:"[ymin:ymax]"
set isosam:[31,31]
set view:'map'
unset :surface
set contour:"base"
set :cntrparam, order:4
set :cntrparam, "linear"
set :cntrparam, :levels, discrete:[-3,-2,-1,-0.5,-0.2,-0.1,-0.05,-0.02,0,0.02,0.05,0.1,0.2,0.5,1,2,3]
set :cntrparam, points:5
set label:"-q", at:[-1,0], center:true
set label:"+q", at:[1,0], center:true
splot "vtot(x,y)", w:"l"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# print "Now create a file with equipotential lines"
#
# set table "equipo2.tmp"
# replot
# unset table
# reset
#
# plot "equipo2.tmp" w l
Numo.gnuplot do
set table:"equipo2.tmp"
replot
unset :table
reset
plot "\"equipo2.tmp\"", w:"l"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# print "Now create a x/y datafile for plotting with vectors "
# print "and display vectors parallel to the electrostatic field"
# set isosam 31,31
#
# set table "field2xy.tmp"
# splot vtot(x,y) w l
# unset table
#
# unset autoscale
# set xr [xmin:xmax]
# set yr [ymin:ymax]
# set isosam 31,31
# set key under Left reverse
# plot "field2xy.tmp" u 1:2:(coef*dx1($1,$2)):(coef*dy1($1,$2)) w vec, \
# "equipo2.tmp" w l
Numo.gnuplot do
set isosam:[31,31]
set table:"field2xy.tmp"
splot "vtot(x,y)", w:"l"
unset :table
unset :autoscale
set xr:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yr:"[ymin:ymax]"
set isosam:[31,31]
set :key, "under", :Left, :reverse
plot ["\"field2xy.tmp\"", u:'1:2:(coef*dx1($1,$2)):(coef*dy1($1,$2))', w:"vec"],
["\"equipo2.tmp\"", w:"l"]
end
```
## circles
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/circles.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # demo for the use of "set object circle" and "plot ... with circles"
# #
# # Ethan A Merritt, Ralf Juengling - 2007,2008
#
# if ((GPVAL_VERSION == 4.3 || GPVAL_VERSION == 4.2) \
# && (!strstrt(GPVAL_COMPILE_OPTIONS,"+OBJECTS"))) \
# print ">>> Skipping demo <<<\n" ; \
# print "This copy of gnuplot was built without support for circles\n" ; \
# exit ;
#
# set size ratio -1
# set style fill solid 1.0 border -1
#
# set obj 10 circle arc [ 0 : 20] fc rgb "red"
# set obj 11 circle arc [ 20 : 50] fc rgb "orange"
# set obj 12 circle arc [ 50 : 90] fc rgb "yellow"
# set obj 13 circle arc [ 90 : 120] fc rgb "forest-green"
# set obj 14 circle arc [120 : 190] fc rgb "dark-turquoise"
# set obj 15 circle arc [190 : 360] fc rgb "dark-magenta"
#
# set obj 10 circle at screen .18,.32 size screen .10 front
# set obj 11 circle at screen .18,.32 size screen .10 front
# set obj 12 circle at screen .18,.32 size screen .10 front
# set obj 13 circle at screen .1767,.342 size screen .10 front
# set obj 14 circle at screen .18,.32 size screen .10 front
# set obj 15 circle at screen .18,.32 size screen .10 front
#
# set obj 20 rect from graph 0,0 to graph 1,1 behind fc rgb "cyan" fs solid 0.2
#
# # plot world map and correspondent locations as a circle
# set title ""
# set xlabel "Note that overlapping transparent circles produce a darker area"
# unset key
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# set border
#
# set yrange [-70:*]
#
# plot 'world.dat' with filledcurves lc rgb "light-green" , \
# 'world.cor' using 1:2:(7.*rand(0)) with circles lt 3 \
# fs transparent solid 0.5 noborder
Numo.gnuplot do
set :size, :ratio, -1
set :style, fill_solid:1.0, border:-1
set :obj, 10, :circle, arc:0..20, fc_rgb:"red"
set :obj, 11, :circle, arc:20..50, fc_rgb:"orange"
set :obj, 12, :circle, arc:50..90, fc_rgb:"yellow"
set :obj, 13, :circle, arc:90..120, fc_rgb:"forest-green"
set :obj, 14, :circle, arc:120..190, fc_rgb:"dark-turquoise"
set :obj, 15, :circle, arc:190..360, fc_rgb:"dark-magenta"
set :obj, 10, :circle, at_screen:[0.18,0.32], size_screen:0.10, front:true
set :obj, 11, :circle, at_screen:[0.18,0.32], size_screen:0.10, front:true
set :obj, 12, :circle, at_screen:[0.18,0.32], size_screen:0.10, front:true
set :obj, 13, :circle, at_screen:[0.1767,0.342], size_screen:0.10, front:true
set :obj, 14, :circle, at_screen:[0.18,0.32], size_screen:0.10, front:true
set :obj, 15, :circle, at_screen:[0.18,0.32], size_screen:0.10, front:true
set :obj, 20, "rect", from_graph:[0,0], to_graph:[1,1], behind:true, fc_rgb:"cyan", fs_solid:0.2
set title:""
set xlabel:"Note that overlapping transparent circles produce a darker area"
unset :key
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
set :border
set yrange:"[-70:*]"
plot ["'world.dat'", with:"filledcurves", lc_rgb:"light-green"],
["'world.cor'", using:'1:2:(7.*rand(0))', with:"circles", lt:3, fs:"transparent", solid:0.5, noborder:true]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# # by Peter Juhasz - 2010
#
# reset
#
# set style fill solid 1.0 border -1
# set size ratio -1
#
# # Plot pie charts on top of the map of the world.
# # The pie segments are read from a data file.
# # Each segment has to be specified with a start and end angle.
#
# set title "Sources of energy production, plotted for each continent"
#
# unset key
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# set border
#
# set yrange [-70:*]
# set palette model HSV func gray*0.75, 0.5, 0.99
# unset colorbox
# r = 0.01
# types = 6
# keyx = -137.
# keyy = -15.
# keyr = 25.
#
# set obj 20 rect from graph 0,0 to graph 1,1 behind fc rgb "cyan" fs solid 0.2
# set angle degree
#
# plot 'world.dat' with filledcurves lc rgb "light-green" notit, \
# 'energy_circles.dat' using 2:1:(sqrt($9)*r):6:($6+$7):5 \
# with circles lc pal fs solid 1.0 border rgb "gray",\
# for [i=0:types-1] '' using (keyx):(keyy):(keyr-5):(-(i+1)*360./types):(-(i)*360./types):5 \
# every ::i::i with circles lc pal fs solid 1.0 border rgb "gray",\
# for [i=0:types-1] '' using \
# (keyx+keyr*cos(-(i+0.5)*360./types)):(keyy+keyr*sin(-(i+0.5)*360./types)):4 \
# every ::i::i with labels
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :style, fill_solid:1.0, border:-1
set :size, :ratio, -1
set title:"Sources of energy production, plotted for each continent"
unset :key
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
set :border
set yrange:"[-70:*]"
set :palette, model:"HSV", func:'gray*0.75,0.5,0.99'
unset :colorbox
run "r = 0.01"
run "types = 6"
run "keyx = -137."
run "keyy = -15."
run "keyr = 25."
set :obj, 20, "rect", from_graph:[0,0], to_graph:[1,1], behind:true, fc_rgb:"cyan", fs_solid:0.2
set angle:"degree"
plot ["'world.dat'", with:"filledcurves", lc_rgb:"light-green", notit:true],
["'energy_circles.dat'", using:'2:1:(sqrt($9)*r):6:($6+$7):5', with:"circles", lc:true, pal:true, fs_solid:1.0, border_rgb:"gray"],
"for [i=0:types-1] '' using (keyx):(keyy):(keyr-5):(-(i+1)*360./types):(-(i)*360./types):5 every ::i::i with circles lc pal fs solid 1.0 border rgb \"gray\"",
"for [i=0:types-1] '' using (keyx+keyr*cos(-(i+0.5)*360./types)):(keyy+keyr*sin(-(i+0.5)*360./types)):4 every ::i::i with labels"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# # by Ralf Juengling - 2008
#
# reset
# set title "Trace of unconstrained optimization with trust-region method"
# unset key
# set size ratio -1
# set xrange [-2.5:1.5]
# set yrange [-1:2.5]
# plot 'optimize.dat' with circles lc rgb "blue" fs transparent solid 0.15 noborder,\
# 'optimize.dat' u 1:2 with linespoints lw 2 lc rgb "black"
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Trace of unconstrained optimization with trust-region method"
unset :key
set :size, :ratio, -1
set xrange:-2.5..1.5
set yrange:-1..2.5
plot ["'optimize.dat'", with:"circles", lc_rgb:"blue", fs:"transparent", solid:0.15, noborder:true],
["'optimize.dat'", u:[1,2], with:"linespoints", lw:2, lc_rgb:"black"]
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# reset
# set size ratio -1
# set title "Lena's key points"
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# unset key
# unset border
# set yrange [] reverse
#
# plot 'lena.rgb' binary array=(128,128) dx=4 dy=4 format='%uchar' with rgbimage, \
# 'lena-keypoints.bin' binary format='%double' with circles lc rgb "yellow"
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :size, :ratio, -1
set title:"Lena's key points"
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
unset :key
unset :border
set yrange:"[]", reverse:true
plot ["'lena.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) dx=4 dy=4 format="%uchar"', with:"rgbimage"],
["'lena-keypoints.bin'", binary:'format="%double"', with:"circles", lc_rgb:"yellow"]
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# reset
# set size ratio -1
# set title "Delaunay triangulation of Hemisphere points, some empty circles in red"
# unset key
#
# plot 'empty-circles.dat' with circles lw 2 lc rgb "red", \
# 'delaunay-edges.dat' with lines lc rgb "forest-green", \
# 'hemisphr.dat' u (100*$1):(100*$2) with points pt 7 lc rgb "black"
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :size, :ratio, -1
set title:"Delaunay triangulation of Hemisphere points, some empty circles in red"
unset :key
plot ["'empty-circles.dat'", with:"circles", lw:2, lc_rgb:"red"],
["'delaunay-edges.dat'", with:"lines", lc_rgb:"forest-green"],
["'hemisphr.dat'", u:'(100*$1):(100*$2)', with:"points", pt:7, lc_rgb:"black"]
end
```
## approximation
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/approximate.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Show use of pseudodata mechanism '+' to use plot styles with more than
# # one relevant value per x coordinate. In this example we use the style
# # "filledcurves" to show the difference between two analytic functions.
# # This corresponds to the specification of multiple columns in the
# # 'using' option for input from data files.
# #
# #
# approx_1(x) = x - x**3/6
# approx_2(x) = x - x**3/6 + x**5/120
# approx_3(x) = x - x**3/6 + x**5/120 - x**7/5040
#
# label1 = "x - {x^3}/3!"
# label2 = "x - {x^3}/3! + {x^5}/5!"
# label3 = "x - {x^3}/3! + {x^5}/5! - {x^7}/7!"
#
# #
# set termoption enhanced
# set encoding utf8
# #
# set title "Polynomial approximation of sin(x)"
# set key Left center top reverse
# set xrange [ -3.2 : 3.2 ]
# set xtics ("-π" -pi, "-π/2" -pi/2, 0, "π/2" pi/2, "π" pi)
# set format y "%.1f"
# set samples 500
# set style fill solid 0.4 noborder
#
# plot '+' using 1:(sin($1)):(approx_1($1)) with filledcurve title label1 lt 3, \
# '+' using 1:(sin($1)):(approx_2($1)) with filledcurve title label2 lt 2, \
# '+' using 1:(sin($1)):(approx_3($1)) with filledcurve title label3 lt 1, \
# sin(x) with lines lw 1 lc rgb "black"
Numo.gnuplot do
run "approx_1(x) = x - x**3/6"
run "approx_2(x) = x - x**3/6 + x**5/120"
run "approx_3(x) = x - x**3/6 + x**5/120 - x**7/5040"
run "label1 = \"x - {x^3}/3!\""
run "label2 = \"x - {x^3}/3! + {x^5}/5!\""
run "label3 = \"x - {x^3}/3! + {x^5}/5! - {x^7}/7!\""
set :termoption, :enhanced
set encoding:"utf8"
set title:"Polynomial approximation of sin(x)"
set :key, :Left, :center, :top, :reverse
set xrange:-3.2..3.2
set xtics:'("-π" -pi, "-π/2" -pi/2, 0, "π/2" pi/2, "π" pi)'
set format_y:"%.1f"
set samples:500
set :style, fill_solid:0.4, noborder:true
plot ["'+'", using:'1:(sin($1)):(approx_1($1))', with:"filledcurve", title_nq:'label1', lt:3],
["'+'", using:'1:(sin($1)):(approx_2($1))', with:"filledcurve", title_nq:'label2', lt:2],
["'+'", using:'1:(sin($1)):(approx_3($1))', with:"filledcurve", title_nq:'label3', lt:1],
["sin(x)", with:"lines", lw:1, lc_rgb:"black"]
end
```
## B-splines
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/spline.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Some curve plotting using common cubic polynomial basis function for cagd.
# #
# # Gershon Elber, Aug. 1992
# #
# set xrang [0:1]
# set grid
# set key box
#
# set yrange[-0.2:1.4]
# m0(x) = 1
# m1(x) = x
# m2(x) = x**2
# m3(x) = x**3
# set title "The cubic Monomial basis functions"
# plot m0(x), m1(x), m2(x), m3(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set xrang:0..1
set :grid
set :key, :box
set yrange:-0.2..1.4
run "m0(x) = 1"
run "m1(x) = x"
run "m2(x) = x**2"
run "m3(x) = x**3"
set title:"The cubic Monomial basis functions"
plot "m0(x)",
"m1(x)",
"m2(x)",
"m3(x)"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# h00(x) = x**2 * ( 2 * x - 3) + 1
# h01(x) = -x**2 * (2 * x - 3)
# h10(x) = x * (x - 1)**2
# h11(x) = x**2 * (x - 1)
#
# set title "The cubic Hermite basis functions"
# plot h00(x), h01(x), h10(x), h11(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "h00(x) = x**2 * ( 2 * x - 3) + 1"
run "h01(x) = -x**2 * (2 * x - 3)"
run "h10(x) = x * (x - 1)**2"
run "h11(x) = x**2 * (x - 1)"
set title:"The cubic Hermite basis functions"
plot "h00(x)",
"h01(x)",
"h10(x)",
"h11(x)"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# bez0(x) = (1 - x)**3
# bez1(x) = 3 * (1 - x)**2 * x
# bez2(x) = 3 * (1 - x) * x**2
# bez3(x) = x**3
# set title "The cubic Bezier basis functions"
# plot bez0(x), bez1(x), bez2(x), bez3(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "bez0(x) = (1 - x)**3"
run "bez1(x) = 3 * (1 - x)**2 * x"
run "bez2(x) = 3 * (1 - x) * x**2"
run "bez3(x) = x**3"
set title:"The cubic Bezier basis functions"
plot "bez0(x)",
"bez1(x)",
"bez2(x)",
"bez3(x)"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# bsp0(x) = ( 1 - 3 * x + 3 * x**2 - x**3 ) / 6;
# bsp1(x) = ( 4 - 6 * x**2 + 3 * x**3 ) / 6;
# bsp2(x) = ( 1 + 3 * x + 3 * x**2 - 3 * x**3 ) / 6
# bsp3(x) = x**3 / 6
# set title "The cubic uniform Bspline basis functions"
# plot bsp0(x), bsp1(x), bsp2(x), bsp3(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "bsp0(x) = ( 1 - 3 * x + 3 * x**2 - x**3 ) / 6;"
run "bsp1(x) = ( 4 - 6 * x**2 + 3 * x**3 ) / 6;"
run "bsp2(x) = ( 1 + 3 * x + 3 * x**2 - 3 * x**3 ) / 6"
run "bsp3(x) = x**3 / 6"
set title:"The cubic uniform Bspline basis functions"
plot "bsp0(x)",
"bsp1(x)",
"bsp2(x)",
"bsp3(x)"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# y0 = 1
# y1 = 0.2
# y2 = 0.8
# y3 = 0
#
# x0 = 0
# x1 = 0.33
# x2 = 0.66
# x3 = 1
#
# xv0 = -0.3
# yv0 = 0.5
# xv1 = -0.4
# yv1 = 0.2
#
# set arrow from x0,y0 to x1,y1 nohead
# set arrow from x1,y1 to x2,y2 nohead
# set arrow from x2,y2 to x3,y3 nohead
#
# cub_bezier_x(t) = bez0(t) * x0 + bez1(t) * x1 + bez2(t) * x2 + bez3(t) * x3
# cub_bezier_y(t) = bez0(t) * y0 + bez1(t) * y1 + bez2(t) * y2 + bez3(t) * y3
# cub_bsplin_x(t) = bsp0(t) * x0 + bsp1(t) * x1 + bsp2(t) * x2 + bsp3(t) * x3
# cub_bsplin_y(t) = bsp0(t) * y0 + bsp1(t) * y1 + bsp2(t) * y2 + bsp3(t) * y3
#
# set parametric
# set trange [0:1]
# set title "The cubic Bezier/Bspline basis functions in use"
# plot cub_bezier_x(t), cub_bezier_y(t) with lines lt 2,\
# cub_bsplin_x(t), cub_bsplin_y(t) with lines lt 3
Numo.gnuplot do
run "y0 = 1"
run "y1 = 0.2"
run "y2 = 0.8"
run "y3 = 0"
run "x0 = 0"
run "x1 = 0.33"
run "x2 = 0.66"
run "x3 = 1"
run "xv0 = -0.3"
run "yv0 = 0.5"
run "xv1 = -0.4"
run "yv1 = 0.2"
set :arrow, from:"x0,y0", to:"x1,y1", nohead:true
set :arrow, from:"x1,y1", to:"x2,y2", nohead:true
set :arrow, from:"x2,y2", to:"x3,y3", nohead:true
run "cub_bezier_x(t) = bez0(t) * x0 + bez1(t) * x1 + bez2(t) * x2 + bez3(t) * x3"
run "cub_bezier_y(t) = bez0(t) * y0 + bez1(t) * y1 + bez2(t) * y2 + bez3(t) * y3"
run "cub_bsplin_x(t) = bsp0(t) * x0 + bsp1(t) * x1 + bsp2(t) * x2 + bsp3(t) * x3"
run "cub_bsplin_y(t) = bsp0(t) * y0 + bsp1(t) * y1 + bsp2(t) * y2 + bsp3(t) * y3"
set :parametric
set trange:0..1
set title:"The cubic Bezier/Bspline basis functions in use"
plot "cub_bezier_x(t)",
["cub_bezier_y(t)", with:"lines", lt:2],
"cub_bsplin_x(t)",
["cub_bsplin_y(t)", with:"lines", lt:3]
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# unset arrow
# #
# # Note the arrows here, scaled by 1/3 so they will fit into plotting area
# #
# set arrow from x1,y1 to x1+xv0/3,y1+yv0/3
# set arrow from x2,y2 to x2+xv1/3,y2+yv1/3
# set arrow from x1,y1 to x1+xv0,y1+yv0
# set arrow from x2,y2 to x2+xv1,y2+yv1
#
# cub_hermit_x1(t) = h00(t) * x1 + h01(t) * x2 + h10(t) * xv0 + h11(t) * xv1
# cub_hermit_y1(t) = h00(t) * y1 + h01(t) * y2 + h10(t) * yv0 + h11(t) * yv1
# cub_hermit_x2(t) = h00(t) * x1 + h01(t) * x2 + h10(t) * xv0*3 + h11(t) * xv1*3
# cub_hermit_y2(t) = h00(t) * y1 + h01(t) * y2 + h10(t) * yv0*3 + h11(t) * yv1*3
# set title "The cubic Hermite basis functions in use"
# plot cub_hermit_x1(t), cub_hermit_y1(t) with lines lt 2,\
# cub_hermit_x2(t), cub_hermit_y2(t) with lines lt 3
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :arrow
set :arrow, from:"x1,y1", to:"x1+xv0/3,y1+yv0/3"
set :arrow, from:"x2,y2", to:"x2+xv1/3,y2+yv1/3"
set :arrow, from:"x1,y1", to:"x1+xv0,y1+yv0"
set :arrow, from:"x2,y2", to:"x2+xv1,y2+yv1"
run "cub_hermit_x1(t) = h00(t) * x1 + h01(t) * x2 + h10(t) * xv0 + h11(t) * xv1"
run "cub_hermit_y1(t) = h00(t) * y1 + h01(t) * y2 + h10(t) * yv0 + h11(t) * yv1"
run "cub_hermit_x2(t) = h00(t) * x1 + h01(t) * x2 + h10(t) * xv0*3 + h11(t) * xv1*3"
run "cub_hermit_y2(t) = h00(t) * y1 + h01(t) * y2 + h10(t) * yv0*3 + h11(t) * yv1*3"
set title:"The cubic Hermite basis functions in use"
plot "cub_hermit_x1(t)",
["cub_hermit_y1(t)", with:"lines", lt:2],
"cub_hermit_x2(t)",
["cub_hermit_y2(t)", with:"lines", lt:3]
end
```
## Bezier splines
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/airfoil.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # This demo shows how to use bezier splines to define NACA four
# # series airfoils and complex variables to define Joukowski
# # Airfoils. It will be expanded after overplotting in implemented
# # to plot Coefficient of Pressure as well.
# # Alex Woo, Dec. 1992
# #
# # The definitions below follows: "Bezier presentation of airfoils",
# # by Wolfgang Boehm, Computer Aided Geometric Design 4 (1987) pp 17-22.
# #
# # Gershon Elber, Nov. 1992
# #
# # m = percent camber
# # p = percent chord with maximum camber
# print "NACA four series airfoils by bezier splines"
# print "Will add pressure distribution later with Overplotting"
# mm = 0.6
# # NACA6xxx
# thick = 0.09
# # nine percent NACAxx09
# pp = 0.4
# # NACAx4xx
# # Combined this implies NACA6409 airfoil
# #
# # Airfoil thickness function.
# #
# set xlabel "NACA6409 -- 9% thick, 40% max camber, 6% camber"
# x0 = 0.0
# y0 = 0.0
# x1 = 0.0
# y1 = 0.18556
# x2 = 0.03571
# y2 = 0.34863
# x3 = 0.10714
# y3 = 0.48919
# x4 = 0.21429
# y4 = 0.58214
# x5 = 0.35714
# y5 = 0.55724
# x6 = 0.53571
# y6 = 0.44992
# x7 = 0.75000
# y7 = 0.30281
# x8 = 1.00000
# y8 = 0.01050
# #
# # Directly defining the order 8 Bezier basis function for a faster evaluation.
# #
# bez_d4_i0(x) = (1 - x)**4
# bez_d4_i1(x) = 4 * (1 - x)**3 * x
# bez_d4_i2(x) = 6 * (1 - x)**2 * x**2
# bez_d4_i3(x) = 4 * (1 - x)**1 * x**3
# bez_d4_i4(x) = x**4
#
# bez_d8_i0(x) = (1 - x)**8
# bez_d8_i1(x) = 8 * (1 - x)**7 * x
# bez_d8_i2(x) = 28 * (1 - x)**6 * x**2
# bez_d8_i3(x) = 56 * (1 - x)**5 * x**3
# bez_d8_i4(x) = 70 * (1 - x)**4 * x**4
# bez_d8_i5(x) = 56 * (1 - x)**3 * x**5
# bez_d8_i6(x) = 28 * (1 - x)**2 * x**6
# bez_d8_i7(x) = 8 * (1 - x) * x**7
# bez_d8_i8(x) = x**8
#
# m0 = 0.0
# m1 = 0.1
# m2 = 0.1
# m3 = 0.1
# m4 = 0.0
# mean_y(t) = m0 * mm * bez_d4_i0(t) + \
# m1 * mm * bez_d4_i1(t) + \
# m2 * mm * bez_d4_i2(t) + \
# m3 * mm * bez_d4_i3(t) + \
# m4 * mm * bez_d4_i4(t)
#
# p0 = 0.0
# p1 = pp / 2
# p2 = pp
# p3 = (pp + 1) / 2
# p4 = 1.0
# mean_x(t) = p0 * bez_d4_i0(t) + \
# p1 * bez_d4_i1(t) + \
# p2 * bez_d4_i2(t) + \
# p3 * bez_d4_i3(t) + \
# p4 * bez_d4_i4(t)
#
# z_x(x) = x0 * bez_d8_i0(x) + x1 * bez_d8_i1(x) + x2 * bez_d8_i2(x) + \
# x3 * bez_d8_i3(x) + x4 * bez_d8_i4(x) + x5 * bez_d8_i5(x) + \
# x6 * bez_d8_i6(x) + x7 * bez_d8_i7(x) + x8 * bez_d8_i8(x)
#
# z_y(x, tk) = \
# y0 * tk * bez_d8_i0(x) + y1 * tk * bez_d8_i1(x) + y2 * tk * bez_d8_i2(x) + \
# y3 * tk * bez_d8_i3(x) + y4 * tk * bez_d8_i4(x) + y5 * tk * bez_d8_i5(x) + \
# y6 * tk * bez_d8_i6(x) + y7 * tk * bez_d8_i7(x) + y8 * tk * bez_d8_i8(x)
#
# #
# # Given t value between zero and one, the airfoild curve is defined as
# #
# # c(t) = mean(t1(t)) +/- z(t2(t)) n(t1(t)),
# #
# # where n is the unit normal to the mean line. See the above paper for more.
# #
# # Unfortunately, the parametrization of c(t) is not the same for mean(t1)
# # and z(t2). The mean line (and its normal) can assume linear function t1 = t,
# # -1
# # but the thickness z_y is, in fact, a function of z_x (t). Since it is
# # not obvious how to compute this inverse function analytically, we instead
# # replace t in c(t) equation above by z_x(t) to get:
# #
# # c(z_x(t)) = mean(z_x(t)) +/- z(t) n(z_x(t)),
# #
# # and compute and display this instead. Note we also ignore n(t) and assumes
# # n(t) is constant in the y direction,
# #
#
# airfoil_y1(t, thick) = mean_y(z_x(t)) + z_y(t, thick)
# airfoil_y2(t, thick) = mean_y(z_x(t)) - z_y(t, thick)
# airfoil_y(t) = mean_y(z_x(t))
# airfoil_x(t) = mean_x(z_x(t))
# unset grid
# unset zeroaxis
# set parametric
# set xrange [-0.1:1.1]
# set yrange [-0.1:.7]
# set trange [ 0.0:1.0]
# set title "NACA6409 Airfoil"
# plot airfoil_x(t), airfoil_y(t) title "mean line" w l lt 2, \
# airfoil_x(t), airfoil_y1(t, thick) title "upper surface" w l lt 1, \
# airfoil_x(t), airfoil_y2(t, thick) title "lower surface" w l lt 1
Numo.gnuplot do
run "mm = 0.6"
run "thick = 0.09"
run "pp = 0.4"
set xlabel:"NACA6409 -- 9% thick, 40% max camber, 6% camber"
run "x0 = 0.0"
run "y0 = 0.0"
run "x1 = 0.0"
run "y1 = 0.18556"
run "x2 = 0.03571"
run "y2 = 0.34863"
run "x3 = 0.10714"
run "y3 = 0.48919"
run "x4 = 0.21429"
run "y4 = 0.58214"
run "x5 = 0.35714"
run "y5 = 0.55724"
run "x6 = 0.53571"
run "y6 = 0.44992"
run "x7 = 0.75000"
run "y7 = 0.30281"
run "x8 = 1.00000"
run "y8 = 0.01050"
run "bez_d4_i0(x) = (1 - x)**4"
run "bez_d4_i1(x) = 4 * (1 - x)**3 * x"
run "bez_d4_i2(x) = 6 * (1 - x)**2 * x**2"
run "bez_d4_i3(x) = 4 * (1 - x)**1 * x**3"
run "bez_d4_i4(x) = x**4"
run "bez_d8_i0(x) = (1 - x)**8"
run "bez_d8_i1(x) = 8 * (1 - x)**7 * x"
run "bez_d8_i2(x) = 28 * (1 - x)**6 * x**2"
run "bez_d8_i3(x) = 56 * (1 - x)**5 * x**3"
run "bez_d8_i4(x) = 70 * (1 - x)**4 * x**4"
run "bez_d8_i5(x) = 56 * (1 - x)**3 * x**5"
run "bez_d8_i6(x) = 28 * (1 - x)**2 * x**6"
run "bez_d8_i7(x) = 8 * (1 - x) * x**7"
run "bez_d8_i8(x) = x**8"
run "m0 = 0.0"
run "m1 = 0.1"
run "m2 = 0.1"
run "m3 = 0.1"
run "m4 = 0.0"
run "mean_y(t) = m0 * mm * bez_d4_i0(t) + m1 * mm * bez_d4_i1(t) + m2 * mm * bez_d4_i2(t) + m3 * mm * bez_d4_i3(t) + m4 * mm * bez_d4_i4(t)"
run "p0 = 0.0"
run "p1 = pp / 2"
run "p2 = pp"
run "p3 = (pp + 1) / 2"
run "p4 = 1.0"
run "mean_x(t) = p0 * bez_d4_i0(t) + p1 * bez_d4_i1(t) + p2 * bez_d4_i2(t) + p3 * bez_d4_i3(t) + p4 * bez_d4_i4(t)"
run "z_x(x) = x0 * bez_d8_i0(x) + x1 * bez_d8_i1(x) + x2 * bez_d8_i2(x) + x3 * bez_d8_i3(x) + x4 * bez_d8_i4(x) + x5 * bez_d8_i5(x) + x6 * bez_d8_i6(x) + x7 * bez_d8_i7(x) + x8 * bez_d8_i8(x)"
run "z_y(x, tk) = y0 * tk * bez_d8_i0(x) + y1 * tk * bez_d8_i1(x) + y2 * tk * bez_d8_i2(x) + y3 * tk * bez_d8_i3(x) + y4 * tk * bez_d8_i4(x) + y5 * tk * bez_d8_i5(x) + y6 * tk * bez_d8_i6(x) + y7 * tk * bez_d8_i7(x) + y8 * tk * bez_d8_i8(x)"
run "airfoil_y1(t, thick) = mean_y(z_x(t)) + z_y(t, thick)"
run "airfoil_y2(t, thick) = mean_y(z_x(t)) - z_y(t, thick)"
run "airfoil_y(t) = mean_y(z_x(t))"
run "airfoil_x(t) = mean_x(z_x(t))"
unset :grid
unset :zeroaxis
set :parametric
set xrange:-0.1..1.1
set yrange:-0.1..0.7
set trange:0.0..1.0
set title:"NACA6409 Airfoil"
plot "airfoil_x(t)",
["airfoil_y(t)", title:"mean line", w:"l", lt:2],
"airfoil_x(t)",
["airfoil_y1(t, thick)", title:"upper surface", w:"l", lt:1],
"airfoil_x(t)",
["airfoil_y2(t, thick)", title:"lower surface", w:"l", lt:1]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# mm = 0.0
# pp = .5
# thick = .12
# set title "NACA0012 Airfoil"
# set xlabel "12% thick, no camber -- classical test case"
# plot airfoil_x(t), airfoil_y(t) title "mean line" w l lt 2, \
# airfoil_x(t), airfoil_y1(t, thick) title "upper surface" w l lt 1, \
# airfoil_x(t), airfoil_y2(t, thick) title "lower surface" w l lt 1
Numo.gnuplot do
run "mm = 0.0"
run "pp = .5"
run "thick = .12"
set title:"NACA0012 Airfoil"
set xlabel:"12% thick, no camber -- classical test case"
plot "airfoil_x(t)",
["airfoil_y(t)", title:"mean line", w:"l", lt:2],
"airfoil_x(t)",
["airfoil_y1(t, thick)", title:"upper surface", w:"l", lt:1],
"airfoil_x(t)",
["airfoil_y2(t, thick)", title:"lower surface", w:"l", lt:1]
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set title ""
# set xlab ""
# set key box
# set parametric
# set samples 100
# set isosamples 10
# set style data lines
# set style function lines
# print "Joukowski Airfoil using Complex Variables"
# set title "Joukowski Airfoil using Complex Variables" offset 0,0
# set time
# set yrange [-.2 : 1.8]
# set trange [0: 2*pi]
# set xrange [-.6:.6]
# zeta(t) = -eps + (a+eps)*exp(t*{0,1})
# eta(t) = zeta(t) + a*a/zeta(t)
# eps = 0.06
# a =.250
# set xlabel "eps = 0.06 real"
# plot real(eta(t)),imag(eta(t))
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:""
set xlab:""
set :key, :box
set :parametric
set samples:100
set isosamples:10
set :style, :data, :lines
set :style, :function, :lines
set title:"Joukowski Airfoil using Complex Variables", offset:[0,0]
#set :time
set yrange:-0.2..1.8
set trange:"[0:2*pi]"
set xrange:-0.6..0.6
run "zeta(t) = -eps + (a+eps)*exp(t*{0,1})"
run "eta(t) = zeta(t) + a*a/zeta(t)"
run "eps = 0.06"
run "a =.250"
set xlabel:"eps = 0.06 real"
plot "real(eta(t))",
"imag(eta(t))"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# eps = 0.06*{1,-1}
# set xlabel "eps = 0.06 + i0.06"
# plot real(eta(t)),imag(eta(t))
Numo.gnuplot do
run "eps = 0.06*{1,-1}"
set xlabel:"eps = 0.06 + i0.06"
plot "real(eta(t))",
"imag(eta(t))"
end
```
## parameter fitting
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/fit.html)
### 1
```ruby
# print "Some examples how data fitting using nonlinear least squares fit"
# print "can be done."
# print ""
#
# reset
# set title 'data for first fit demo'
# set xlabel "Temperature T [deg Cels.]"
# set ylabel "Density [g/cm3]"
# set key below
# plot 'lcdemo.dat'
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:'data for first fit demo'
set xlabel:"Temperature T [deg Cels.]"
set ylabel:"Density [g/cm3]"
set :key, "below"
plot "'lcdemo.dat'"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# print "now fitting a straight line to the data :-)"
# print "only as a demo without physical meaning"
# load 'line.fnc'
# y0 = 0.0
# m = 0.0
# print "fit function and initial parameters are as follows:"
# print GPFUN_l
# show variables y0
# show variables m
# #show variables
# set title 'all fit params set to 0'
# plot [*:*][-.1:1.2] 'lcdemo.dat', l(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
load 'line.fnc'
run "y0 = 0.0"
run "m = 0.0"
show "variables y0"
show "variables", :m
set title:'all fit params set to 0'
plot "[*:*]", -0.1..1.2,
"'lcdemo.dat'",
"l(x)"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# print "fit command will be: fit l(x) 'lcdemo.dat' via y0, m"
# fit l(x) 'lcdemo.dat' via y0, m
# set title 'unweighted fit'
# plot 'lcdemo.dat', l(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
fit 'l(x)', 'lcdemo.dat', via:'y0, m'
set title:'unweighted fit'
plot "'lcdemo.dat'",
"l(x)"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# print ""
# print "now fit with weights from column 3 which favor low temperatures"
# print "command will be: fit l(x) 'lcdemo.dat' using 1:2:3 via y0, m"
# fit l(x) 'lcdemo.dat' using 1:2:3 via y0, m
# set title 'fit weighted towards low temperatures'
# plot 'lcdemo.dat', l(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
fit 'l(x)', 'lcdemo.dat', using:[1,2,3], via:'y0, m'
set title:'fit weighted towards low temperatures'
plot "'lcdemo.dat'",
"l(x)"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# print ""
# print "now fit with weights from column 4 instead"
# print "command will be: fit l(x) 'lcdemo.dat' using 1:2:4 via y0, m"
# fit l(x) 'lcdemo.dat' using 1:2:4 via y0, m
# set title 'bias to high-temperates'
# plot 'lcdemo.dat', l(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
fit 'l(x)', 'lcdemo.dat', using:[1,2,4], via:'y0, m'
set title:'bias to high-temperates'
plot "'lcdemo.dat'",
"l(x)"
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set title 'data with experimental errors'
# plot 'lcdemo.dat' using 1:2:5 with errorbars
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:'data with experimental errors'
plot "'lcdemo.dat'", using:[1,2,5], with:"errorbars"
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# print ""
# print "now use these real single-measurement errors from column 5 to reach "
# print "such a result (look at the file lcdemo.dat and compare the columns to "
# print "see the difference)"
# print "command will be: fit l(x) 'lcdemo.dat' using 1:2:5 via y0, m"
# fit l(x) 'lcdemo.dat' using 1:2:5 via y0, m
# set title 'fit weighted by experimental errors'
# plot 'lcdemo.dat' using 1:2:5 with errorbars, l(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
fit 'l(x)', 'lcdemo.dat', using:[1,2,5], via:'y0, m'
set title:'fit weighted by experimental errors'
plot ["'lcdemo.dat'", using:[1,2,5], with:"errorbars"],
"l(x)"
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# load 'density.fnc'
# set title 'initial parameters for realistic model function'
# plot 'lcdemo.dat', density(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
load 'density.fnc'
set title:'initial parameters for realistic model function'
plot "'lcdemo.dat'",
"density(x)"
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# print ""
# print "It's time now to try a more realistic model function:"
# print GPFUN_density
# print GPFUN_curve
# print GPFUN_lowlin
# print GPFUN_high
# #show functions
# print "density(x) is a function which shall fit the whole temperature"
# print "range using a ?: expression. It contains 6 model parameters which"
# print "will all be varied. Now take the start parameters out of the"
# print "file 'start.par' and plot the function."
# print "command will be: fit density(x) 'lcdemo.dat' via 'start.par'"
# load 'start.par'
# fit density(x) 'lcdemo.dat' via 'start.par'
# set title 'fitted to realistic model function'
# plot 'lcdemo.dat', density(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
load 'start.par'
fit 'density(x)', 'lcdemo.dat', via:"'start.par'"
set title:'fitted to realistic model function'
plot "'lcdemo.dat'",
"density(x)"
end
```
### 10
```ruby
# print ""
# print "looks already rather nice? We will do now the following: set"
# print "the epsilon limit higher so that we need more iteration steps"
# print "to convergence. During fitting please hit ctrl-C. You will be asked"
# print "Stop, Continue, Execute: Try everything. You may define a script"
# print "using the FIT_SCRIPT environment variable. An example would be"
# print "'FIT_SCRIPT=plot nonsense.dat'. Normally you don't need to set"
# print "FIT_SCRIPT since it defaults to 'replot'. Please note that FIT_SCRIPT"
# print "cannot be set from inside gnuplot."
# print ""
# print "command will be: fit density(x) 'lcdemo.dat' via 'start.par'"
# FIT_LIMIT = 1e-10
# fit density(x) 'lcdemo.dat' via 'start.par'
# set title 'fit with more iterations'
# plot 'lcdemo.dat', density(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "FIT_LIMIT = 1e-10"
fit 'density(x)', 'lcdemo.dat', via:"'start.par'"
set title:'fit with more iterations'
plot "'lcdemo.dat'",
"density(x)"
end
```
### 11
```ruby
# FIT_LIMIT = 1e-5
# print "\nNow a brief demonstration of 3d fitting."
# print "hemisphr.dat contains random points on a hemisphere of"
# print "radius 1, but we let fit figure this out for us."
# print "It takes many iterations, so we limit FIT_MAXITER to 50."
# #HBB: made this a lot harder: also fit the center of the sphere
# #h(x,y) = sqrt(r*r - (x-x0)**2 - (y-y0)**2) + z0
# #HBB 970522: distort the function, so it won't fit exactly:
# h(x,y) = sqrt(r*r - (abs(x-x0))**2.2 - (abs(y-y0))**1.8) + z0
# x0 = 0.1
# y0 = 0.2
# z0 = 0.3
# r=0.5
# FIT_MAXITER=50
# set title 'the scattered points, and the initial parameter'
# splot 'hemisphr.dat' using 1:2:3, h(x,y)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "FIT_LIMIT = 1e-5"
run "h(x,y) = sqrt(r*r - (abs(x-x0))**2.2 - (abs(y-y0))**1.8) + z0"
run "x0 = 0.1"
run "y0 = 0.2"
run "z0 = 0.3"
run "r=0.5"
run "FIT_MAXITER=50"
set title:'the scattered points, and the initial parameter'
splot ["'hemisphr.dat'", using:[1,2,3]],
"h(x,y)"
end
```
### 12
```ruby
# print "fit function will be: " . GPFUN_h
# print "we *must* provide 4 columns for a 3d fit. We fake errors=1"
# print "command will be: fit h(x,y) 'hemisphr.dat' using 1:2:3:(1) via r, x0,y0,z0"
#
# # we *must* provide 4 columns for a 3d fit. We fake errors=1
# fit h(x,y) 'hemisphr.dat' using 1:2:3:(1) via r, x0, y0, z0
# set title 'the scattered points, fitted curve'
# splot 'hemisphr.dat' using 1:2:3, h(x,y)
Numo.gnuplot do
fit 'h(x,y)', 'hemisphr.dat', using:'1:2:3:(1)', via:'r, x0, y0, z0'
set title:'the scattered points, fitted curve'
splot ["'hemisphr.dat'", using:[1,2,3]],
"h(x,y)"
end
```
### 13
```ruby
# print "\n\nNotice, however, that this would converge much faster when"
# print "fitted in a more appropriate co-ordinate system:"
# print "fit r 'hemisphr.dat' using 0:($1*$1+$2*$2+$3*$3) via r"
# print "where we are fitting f(x)=r to the radii calculated as the data"
# print "is read from the file. No x value is required in this case."
# FIT_MAXITER=0 # no limit : we cannot delete the variable once set
#
# print "\n\nNow an example how to fit multi-branch functions\n"
# print "The model consists of two branches, the first describing longitudinal"
# print "sound velocity as function of propagation direction (upper data, from "
# print "dataset 1), the second describing transverse sound velocity (lower "
# print "data, from dataset 0).\n"
# print "The model uses these data in order to fit elastic stiffnesses"
# print "which occur differently in both branches."
# load 'hexa.fnc'
# load 'sound.par'
# set title 'sound data, and model with initial parameters'
# plot 'soundvel.dat', vlong(x), vtrans(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "FIT_MAXITER=0 # no limit : we cannot delete the variable once set"
load 'hexa.fnc'
load 'sound.par'
set title:'sound data, and model with initial parameters'
plot "'soundvel.dat'",
"vlong(x)",
"vtrans(x)"
end
```
### 14
```ruby
# print ""
# print "fit function will be: " . GPFUN_f
# print GPFUN_vlong
# print GPFUN_vtrans
# print "y will be the index of the dataset"
# print "command will be: fit f(x,y) 'soundvel.dat' using 1:-2:2:(1) via 'sound.par'"
# # Must provide an error estimate for a 3d fit. Use constant 1
# fit f(x,y) 'soundvel.dat' using 1:-2:2:(1) via 'sound.par'
# #create soundfit.par, reading from sound.par and updating values
# update 'sound.par' 'soundfit.par'
# print ""
# set title 'pseudo-3d multi-branch fit to velocity data'
# plot 'soundvel.dat', vlong(x), vtrans(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
fit 'f(x,y)', 'soundvel.dat', using:'1:-2:2:(1)', via:"'sound.par'"
update 'sound.par', 'soundfit.par'
set title:'pseudo-3d multi-branch fit to velocity data'
plot "'soundvel.dat'",
"vlong(x)",
"vtrans(x)"
end
```
### 15
```ruby
# print "Look at the file 'hexa.fnc' to see how the branches are realized"
# print "using the data index as a pseudo-3d fit"
# print ""
# print "Next we only use every fifth data point for fitting by using the"
# print "'every' keyword. Look at the fitting-speed increase and at"
# print "fitting result."
# print "command will be: fit f(x,y) 'soundvel.dat' every 5 using 1:-2:2:(1) via 'sound.par'"
# load 'sound.par'
# fit f(x,y) 'soundvel.dat' every 5 using 1:-2:2:(1) via 'sound.par'
# set title 'fitted only every 5th data point'
# plot 'soundvel.dat', vlong(x), vtrans(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
load 'sound.par'
fit 'f(x,y)', 'soundvel.dat', every:5, using:'1:-2:2:(1)', via:"'sound.par'"
set title:'fitted only every 5th data point'
plot "'soundvel.dat'",
"vlong(x)",
"vtrans(x)"
end
```
### 16
```ruby
# print "When you compare the results (see 'fit.log') you remark that"
# print "the uncertainties in the fitted constants have become larger,"
# print "the quality of the plot is only slightly affected."
# print ""
# print "By marking some parameters as '# FIXED' in the parameter file"
# print "you fit only the others (c44 and c13 fixed here)."
# print ""
# load 'sound2.par'
# set title 'initial parameters'
# plot 'soundvel.dat', vlong(x), vtrans(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
load 'sound2.par'
set title:'initial parameters'
plot "'soundvel.dat'",
"vlong(x)",
"vtrans(x)"
end
```
### 17
```ruby
# fit f(x,y) 'soundvel.dat' using 1:-2:2:(1) via 'sound2.par'
# set title 'fit with c44 and c13 fixed'
# plot 'soundvel.dat', vlong(x), vtrans(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
fit 'f(x,y)', 'soundvel.dat', using:'1:-2:2:(1)', via:"'sound2.par'"
set title:'fit with c44 and c13 fixed'
plot "'soundvel.dat'",
"vlong(x)",
"vtrans(x)"
end
```
### 18
```ruby
# print "This has the same effect as specifying only the real free"
# print "parameters by the 'via' syntax."
# print ""
# print "fit f(x) 'soundvel.dat' via c33, c11, phi0"
# print ""
# load 'sound.par'
# set title 'initial parameters'
# plot 'soundvel.dat', vlong(x), vtrans(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
load 'sound.par'
set title:'initial parameters'
plot "'soundvel.dat'",
"vlong(x)",
"vtrans(x)"
end
```
### 19
```ruby
# fit f(x,y) 'soundvel.dat' using 1:-2:2:(1) via c33, c11, phi0
# set title 'fit via c33,c11,phi0'
# plot 'soundvel.dat', vlong(x), vtrans(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
fit 'f(x,y)', 'soundvel.dat', using:'1:-2:2:(1)', via:'c33, c11, phi0'
set title:'fit via c33,c11,phi0'
plot "'soundvel.dat'",
"vlong(x)",
"vtrans(x)"
end
```
### 20
```ruby
# print "Here comes an example of a very complex function..."
# print ""
#
# set xlabel "Delta [degrees]"
# set ylabel "Reflectivity"
# set title 'raw data'
# #HBB 970522: here and below, use the error column present in moli3.dat:
# plot 'moli3.dat' w e
Numo.gnuplot do
set xlabel:"Delta [degrees]"
set ylabel:"Reflectivity"
set title:'raw data'
plot "'moli3.dat'", w:"e"
end
```
### 21
```ruby
# print "now fitting the model function to the data"
# load 'reflect.fnc'
#
# #HBB 970522: Changed initial values to something sensible, i.e.
# # something an experienced user of fit would actually use.
# # FIT_LIMIT is also raised, to ensure a better fit.
# eta = 1.2e-4
# tc = 1.8e-3
# FIT_LIMIT=1e-10
#
# #show variables
# #show functions
# set title 'initial parameters'
# plot 'moli3.dat' w e, R(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
load 'reflect.fnc'
run "eta = 1.2e-4"
run "tc = 1.8e-3"
run "FIT_LIMIT=1e-10"
set title:'initial parameters'
plot ["'moli3.dat'", w:"e"],
"R(x)"
end
```
### 22
```ruby
# print "fit function is: " . GPFUN_R
# print GPFUN_a
# print GPFUN_W
# print "command will be: fit R(x) 'moli3.dat' u 1:2:3 via eta, tc"
# fit R(x) 'moli3.dat' u 1:2:3 via eta, tc
# set title 'fitted parameters'
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
fit 'R(x)', 'moli3.dat', u:[1,2,3], via:'eta, tc'
set title:'fitted parameters'
replot
end
```
### 23
```ruby
# #HBB 970522: added comment on result of last fit.
# print "Looking at the plot of the resulting fit curve, you can see"
# print "that this function doesn't really fit this set of data points."
# print "This would normally be a reason to check for measurement problems"
# print "not yet accounted for, and maybe even re-think the theoretic"
# print "prediction in use."
# print ""
#
# reset
# set xlabel 'x'
# set ylabel 'y'
# set zlabel 'z'
# set ticslevel .2
# set zrange [-3:3]
# splot 'fit3.dat' index 0 using 1:2:4
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set xlabel:'x'
set ylabel:'y'
set zlabel:'z'
set ticslevel:0.2
set zrange:-3..3
splot "'fit3.dat'", index:0, using:[1,2,4]
end
```
### 24
```ruby
# print ''
# print 'Next we show a fit with three independent variables. The file'
# print 'fit3.dat has four columns, with values of the three independent'
# print 'variable x, y, and t, and the resulting value z. The data'
# print 'lines are in four sections, with t being constant within each'
# print 'section. The sections are separated by two blank lines, so we'
# print 'can select sections with "index" modifiers. Here are the data in'
# print 'the first section, where t = -3.'
# print ''
# print 'We will fit the function a0/(1 + a1*x**2 + a2*y**2) to these'
# print 'data. Since at this point we have two independent variables,'
# print 'our "using" spec has four entries, representing x:y:z:s (where'
# print 's is the estimated error in the z value).'
#
# print "Command will be: "
# print " fit a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2) 'fit3.dat' index 0 using 1:2:4:(1) via a0,a1,a2"
# a0=1; a1=.1; a2=.1
# fit a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2) 'fit3.dat' index 0 using 1:2:4:(1) via a0,a1,a2
# splot a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2), 'fit3.dat' in 0 u 1:2:4
Numo.gnuplot do
run "a0=1; a1=.1; a2=.1"
fit 'a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2)', 'fit3.dat', index:0, using:'1:2:4:(1)', via:'a0,a1,a2'
splot "a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2)",
["'fit3.dat'", in:0, u:[1,2,4]]
end
```
### 25
```ruby
# splot a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2), 'fit3.dat' in 3 u 1:2:4
Numo.gnuplot do
splot "a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2)",
["'fit3.dat'", in:3, u:[1,2,4]]
end
```
### 26
```ruby
# print ""
# print "Here is the last set of data where t = 3."
# print "We fit the same function to this set."
# print "Command will be: "
# print " fit a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2) 'fit3.dat' in 3 u 1:2:4:(1) via a0,a1,a2"
# fit a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2) 'fit3.dat' in 3 u 1:2:4:(1) via a0,a1,a2
# splot a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2), 'fit3.dat' in 3 u 1:2:4
Numo.gnuplot do
fit 'a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2)', 'fit3.dat', in:3, u:'1:2:4:(1)', via:'a0,a1,a2'
splot "a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2)",
["'fit3.dat'", in:3, u:[1,2,4]]
end
```
### 27
```ruby
# splot a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2), 'fit3.dat' u 1:2:4
Numo.gnuplot do
splot "a0/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2)",
["'fit3.dat'", u:[1,2,4]]
end
```
### 28
```ruby
# print ""
# print "We also have data for several intermediate values of t. We"
# print "will fit the function f(x,y,t)=a0*t/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2) to all"
# print "the data. Since there are now three independent variables, we"
# print "need a using spec with five entries, representing x:y:t:z:s."
# print "Command will be: "
# print " fit f(x,y,t) 'fit3.dat' u 1:2:3:4:(1) via a0,a1,a2"
# f(x,y,t)=a0*t/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2)
# fit f(x,y,t) 'fit3.dat' u 1:2:3:4:(1) via a0,a1,a2
#
# print "We plot the data in each section with the corresponding"
# print "function values."
#
# splot f(x,y,-3), 'fit3.dat' in 0 u 1:2:4
Numo.gnuplot do
run "f(x,y,t)=a0*t/(1+a1*x**2+a2*y**2)"
fit 'f(x,y,t)', 'fit3.dat', u:'1:2:3:4:(1)', via:'a0,a1,a2'
splot "f(x,y,-3)",
["'fit3.dat'", in:0, u:[1,2,4]]
end
```
### 29
```ruby
# splot f(x,y,-1), 'fit3.dat' in 1 u 1:2:4
Numo.gnuplot do
splot "f(x,y,-1)",
["'fit3.dat'", in:1, u:[1,2,4]]
end
```
### 30
```ruby
# splot f(x,y,1), 'fit3.dat' in 2 u 1:2:4
Numo.gnuplot do
splot "f(x,y,1)",
["'fit3.dat'", in:2, u:[1,2,4]]
end
```
### 31
```ruby
# splot f(x,y,3), 'fit3.dat' in 3 u 1:2:4
Numo.gnuplot do
splot "f(x,y,3)",
["'fit3.dat'", in:3, u:[1,2,4]]
end
```
### 32
```ruby
# splot f(x,y,3), 'fit3.dat' in 3 u 1:2:4, \
# f(x,y,1), 'fit3.dat' in 2 u 1:2:4, \
# f(x,y,-1), 'fit3.dat' in 1 u 1:2:4, \
# f(x,y,-3), 'fit3.dat' in 0 u 1:2:4
Numo.gnuplot do
splot "f(x,y,3)",
["'fit3.dat'", in:3, u:[1,2,4]],
"f(x,y,1)",
["'fit3.dat'", in:2, u:[1,2,4]],
"f(x,y,-1)",
["'fit3.dat'", in:1, u:[1,2,4]],
"f(x,y,-3)",
["'fit3.dat'", in:0, u:[1,2,4]]
end
```
## probability
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/prob2.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Demo Statistical Approximations version 1.1
# #
# # Copyright (c) 1991, Jos van der Woude, [email protected]
#
# # History:
# # -- --- 1991 Jos van der Woude: 1st version
# # 06 Jun 2006 Dan Sebald: Added plot methods for better visual effect.
#
# print ""
# print " Statistical Approximations, version 1.1"
# print ""
# print " Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, Jos van de Woude, [email protected]"
# print ""
# print " NOTE: contains 10 plots and consequently takes some time to run"
# print " Press Ctrl-C to exit right now"
# print ""
#
# load "stat.inc"
# rnd(x) = floor(x+0.5)
# r_xmin = -1
# r_sigma = 4.0
#
# # Binomial PDF using normal approximation
# n = 25; p = 0.15
# mu = n * p
# sigma = sqrt(n * p * (1.0 - p))
# xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin
# xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)
# ymax = 1.1 * binom(floor((n+1)*p), n, p) #mode of binomial PDF used
# set key box
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin - 1 : xmax + 1]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k, x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10.0, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample 200
# set title "binomial PDF using normal approximation"
# set arrow from mu, 0 to mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma) nohead
# set arrow from mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) \
# to mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) nohead
# set label "mu" at mu + 0.5, ymax / 10
# set label "sigma" at mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)
# plot binom(rnd(x), n, p) with histeps, normal(x, mu, sigma)
Numo.gnuplot do
load "stat.inc"
run "rnd(x) = floor(x+0.5)"
run "r_xmin = -1"
run "r_sigma = 4.0"
run "n = 25; p = 0.15"
run "mu = n * p"
run "sigma = sqrt(n * p * (1.0 - p))"
run "xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin"
run "xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * binom(floor((n+1)*p), n, p) #mode of binomial PDF used"
set :key, :box
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin-1:xmax+1]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k, x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10.0,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:200
set title:"binomial PDF using normal approximation"
set :arrow, from:"mu, 0", to:"mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set :arrow, from:"mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", to:"mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set label:"mu", at:"mu + 0.5, ymax / 10"
set label:"sigma", at:"mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)"
plot ["binom(rnd(x), n, p)", with:"histeps"],
"normal(x, mu, sigma)"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# unset arrow
# unset label
#
# # Binomial PDF using poisson approximation
# n = 50; p = 0.1
# mu = n * p
# sigma = sqrt(mu)
# xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin
# xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)
# ymax = 1.1 * binom(floor((n+1)*p), n, p) #mode of binomial PDF used
# set key box
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin - 1 : xmax + 1]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10.0, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample (xmax - xmin + 3)
# set title "binomial PDF using poisson approximation"
# set arrow from mu, 0 to mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma) nohead
# set arrow from mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) \
# to mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) nohead
# set label "mu" at mu + 0.5, ymax / 10
# set label "sigma" at mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)
# plot binom(x, n, p) with histeps, poisson(x, mu) with histeps
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :arrow
unset :label
run "n = 50; p = 0.1"
run "mu = n * p"
run "sigma = sqrt(mu)"
run "xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin"
run "xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * binom(floor((n+1)*p), n, p) #mode of binomial PDF used"
set :key, :box
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin-1:xmax+1]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10.0,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:'(xmax - xmin + 3)'
set title:"binomial PDF using poisson approximation"
set :arrow, from:"mu, 0", to:"mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set :arrow, from:"mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", to:"mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set label:"mu", at:"mu + 0.5, ymax / 10"
set label:"sigma", at:"mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)"
plot ["binom(x, n, p)", with:"histeps"],
["poisson(x, mu)", with:"histeps"]
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# unset arrow
# unset label
#
# # Geometric PDF using gamma approximation
# p = 0.3
# mu = (1.0 - p) / p
# sigma = sqrt(mu / p)
# lambda = p
# rho = 1.0 - p
# xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin
# xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)
# ymax = 1.1 * p
# set key box
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin - 1 : xmax + 1]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k, x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10.0, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample 200
# set title "geometric PDF using gamma approximation"
# set arrow from mu, 0 to mu, gmm(mu, rho, lambda) nohead
# set arrow from mu, gmm(mu + sigma, rho, lambda) \
# to mu + sigma, gmm(mu + sigma, rho, lambda) nohead
# set label "mu" at mu + 0.5, ymax / 10
# set label "sigma" at mu + 0.5 + sigma, gmm(mu + sigma, rho, lambda)
# plot geometric(rnd(x),p) with histeps, gmm(x, rho, lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :arrow
unset :label
run "p = 0.3"
run "mu = (1.0 - p) / p"
run "sigma = sqrt(mu / p)"
run "lambda = p"
run "rho = 1.0 - p"
run "xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin"
run "xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * p"
set :key, :box
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin-1:xmax+1]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k, x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10.0,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:200
set title:"geometric PDF using gamma approximation"
set :arrow, from:"mu, 0", to:"mu, gmm(mu, rho, lambda)", nohead:true
set :arrow, from:"mu, gmm(mu + sigma, rho, lambda)", to:"mu + sigma, gmm(mu + sigma, rho, lambda)", nohead:true
set label:"mu", at:"mu + 0.5, ymax / 10"
set label:"sigma", at:"mu + 0.5 + sigma, gmm(mu + sigma, rho, lambda)"
plot ["geometric(rnd(x),p)", with:"histeps"],
"gmm(x, rho, lambda)"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# unset arrow
# unset label
#
# # Geometric PDF using normal approximation
# p = 0.3
# mu = (1.0 - p) / p
# sigma = sqrt(mu / p)
# xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin
# xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)
# ymax = 1.1 * p
# set key box
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin - 1 : xmax + 1]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k, x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10.0, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample 200
# set title "geometric PDF using normal approximation"
# set arrow from mu, 0 to mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma) nohead
# set arrow from mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) \
# to mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) nohead
# set label "mu" at mu + 0.5, ymax / 10
# set label "sigma" at mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)
# plot geometric(rnd(x),p) with histeps, normal(x, mu, sigma)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :arrow
unset :label
run "p = 0.3"
run "mu = (1.0 - p) / p"
run "sigma = sqrt(mu / p)"
run "xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin"
run "xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * p"
set :key, :box
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin-1:xmax+1]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k, x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10.0,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:200
set title:"geometric PDF using normal approximation"
set :arrow, from:"mu, 0", to:"mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set :arrow, from:"mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", to:"mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set label:"mu", at:"mu + 0.5, ymax / 10"
set label:"sigma", at:"mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)"
plot ["geometric(rnd(x),p)", with:"histeps"],
"normal(x, mu, sigma)"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# unset arrow
# unset label
#
# # Hypergeometric PDF using binomial approximation
# nn = 75; mm = 25; n = 10
# p = real(mm) / nn
# mu = n * p
# sigma = sqrt(real(nn - n) / (nn - 1.0) * n * p * (1.0 - p))
# xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin
# xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)
# ymax = 1.1 * hypgeo(floor(mu), nn, mm, n) #mode of binom PDF used
# set key box
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin - 1 : xmax + 1]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10.0, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample (xmax - xmin + 3)
# set title "hypergeometric PDF using binomial approximation"
# set arrow from mu, 0 to mu, binom(floor(mu), n, p) nohead
# set arrow from mu, binom(floor(mu + sigma), n, p) \
# to mu + sigma, binom(floor(mu + sigma), n, p) nohead
# set label "mu" at mu + 0.5, ymax / 10
# set label "sigma" at mu + 0.5 + sigma, binom(floor(mu + sigma), n, p)
# plot hypgeo(x, nn, mm, n) with histeps, binom(x, n, p) with histeps
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :arrow
unset :label
run "nn = 75; mm = 25; n = 10"
run "p = real(mm) / nn"
run "mu = n * p"
run "sigma = sqrt(real(nn - n) / (nn - 1.0) * n * p * (1.0 - p))"
run "xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin"
run "xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * hypgeo(floor(mu), nn, mm, n) #mode of binom PDF used"
set :key, :box
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin-1:xmax+1]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10.0,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:'(xmax - xmin + 3)'
set title:"hypergeometric PDF using binomial approximation"
set :arrow, from:"mu, 0", to:"mu, binom(floor(mu), n, p)", nohead:true
set :arrow, from:"mu, binom(floor(mu + sigma), n, p)", to:"mu + sigma, binom(floor(mu + sigma), n, p)", nohead:true
set label:"mu", at:"mu + 0.5, ymax / 10"
set label:"sigma", at:"mu + 0.5 + sigma, binom(floor(mu + sigma), n, p)"
plot ["hypgeo(x, nn, mm, n)", with:"histeps"],
["binom(x, n, p)", with:"histeps"]
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# unset arrow
# unset label
#
# # Hypergeometric PDF using normal approximation
# nn = 75; mm = 25; n = 10
# p = real(mm) / nn
# mu = n * p
# sigma = sqrt(real(nn - n) / (nn - 1.0) * n * p * (1.0 - p))
# xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin
# xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)
# ymax = 1.1 * hypgeo(floor(mu), nn, mm, n) #mode of binom PDF used
# set key box
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin - 1 : xmax + 1]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k, x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10.0, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample 200
# set title "hypergeometric PDF using normal approximation"
# set arrow from mu, 0 to mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma) nohead
# set arrow from mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) \
# to mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) nohead
# set label "mu" at mu + 0.5, ymax / 10
# set label "sigma" at mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)
# plot hypgeo(rnd(x), nn, mm, n) with histeps, normal(x, mu, sigma)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :arrow
unset :label
run "nn = 75; mm = 25; n = 10"
run "p = real(mm) / nn"
run "mu = n * p"
run "sigma = sqrt(real(nn - n) / (nn - 1.0) * n * p * (1.0 - p))"
run "xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin"
run "xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * hypgeo(floor(mu), nn, mm, n) #mode of binom PDF used"
set :key, :box
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin-1:xmax+1]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k, x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10.0,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:200
set title:"hypergeometric PDF using normal approximation"
set :arrow, from:"mu, 0", to:"mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set :arrow, from:"mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", to:"mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set label:"mu", at:"mu + 0.5, ymax / 10"
set label:"sigma", at:"mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)"
plot ["hypgeo(rnd(x), nn, mm, n)", with:"histeps"],
"normal(x, mu, sigma)"
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# unset arrow
# unset label
#
# # Negative binomial PDF using gamma approximation
# r = 8; p = 0.6
# mu = r * (1.0 - p) / p
# sigma = sqrt(mu / p)
# lambda = p
# rho = r * (1.0 - p)
# xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin
# xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)
# ymax = 1.1 * gmm((rho - 1) / lambda, rho, lambda) #mode of gamma PDF used
# set key box
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin - 1 : xmax + 1]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k, x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10.0, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample 200
# set title "negative binomial PDF using gamma approximation"
# set arrow from mu, 0 to mu, gmm(mu, rho, lambda) nohead
# set arrow from mu, gmm(mu + sigma, rho, lambda) \
# to mu + sigma, gmm(mu + sigma, rho, lambda) nohead
# set label "mu" at mu + 0.5, ymax / 10
# set label "sigma" at mu + 0.5 + sigma, gmm(mu + sigma, rho, lambda)
# plot negbin(rnd(x), r, p) with histeps, gmm(x, rho, lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :arrow
unset :label
run "r = 8; p = 0.6"
run "mu = r * (1.0 - p) / p"
run "sigma = sqrt(mu / p)"
run "lambda = p"
run "rho = r * (1.0 - p)"
run "xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin"
run "xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * gmm((rho - 1) / lambda, rho, lambda) #mode of gamma PDF used"
set :key, :box
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin-1:xmax+1]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k, x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10.0,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:200
set title:"negative binomial PDF using gamma approximation"
set :arrow, from:"mu, 0", to:"mu, gmm(mu, rho, lambda)", nohead:true
set :arrow, from:"mu, gmm(mu + sigma, rho, lambda)", to:"mu + sigma, gmm(mu + sigma, rho, lambda)", nohead:true
set label:"mu", at:"mu + 0.5, ymax / 10"
set label:"sigma", at:"mu + 0.5 + sigma, gmm(mu + sigma, rho, lambda)"
plot ["negbin(rnd(x), r, p)", with:"histeps"],
"gmm(x, rho, lambda)"
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# unset arrow
# unset label
#
# # Negative binomial PDF using normal approximation
# r = 8; p = 0.4
# mu = r * (1.0 - p) / p
# sigma = sqrt(mu / p)
# xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin
# xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)
# ymax = 1.1 * negbin(floor((r-1)*(1-p)/p), r, p) #mode of gamma PDF used
# set key box
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin - 1 : xmax + 1]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k, x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10.0, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample 200
# set title "negative binomial PDF using normal approximation"
# set arrow from mu, 0 to mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma) nohead
# set arrow from mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) \
# to mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) nohead
# set label "mu" at mu + 0.5, ymax / 10
# set label "sigma" at mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)
# plot negbin(rnd(x), r, p) with histeps, normal(x, mu, sigma)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :arrow
unset :label
run "r = 8; p = 0.4"
run "mu = r * (1.0 - p) / p"
run "sigma = sqrt(mu / p)"
run "xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin"
run "xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * negbin(floor((r-1)*(1-p)/p), r, p) #mode of gamma PDF used"
set :key, :box
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin-1:xmax+1]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k, x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10.0,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:200
set title:"negative binomial PDF using normal approximation"
set :arrow, from:"mu, 0", to:"mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set :arrow, from:"mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", to:"mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set label:"mu", at:"mu + 0.5, ymax / 10"
set label:"sigma", at:"mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)"
plot ["negbin(rnd(x), r, p)", with:"histeps"],
"normal(x, mu, sigma)"
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# unset arrow
# unset label
#
# # Normal PDF using logistic approximation
# mu = 1.0; sigma = 1.5
# a = mu
# lambda = pi / (sqrt(3.0) * sigma)
# xmin = mu - r_sigma * sigma
# xmax = mu + r_sigma * sigma
# ymax = 1.1 * logistic(mu, a, lambda) #mode of logistic PDF used
# set key box
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin: xmax]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10.0, ymax
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.2f"
# set sample 200
# set title "normal PDF using logistic approximation"
# set arrow from mu,0 to mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma) nohead
# set arrow from mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) \
# to mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) nohead
# set label "mu" at mu + 0.5, ymax / 10
# set label "sigma" at mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)
# plot logistic(x, a, lambda), normal(x, mu, sigma)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :arrow
unset :label
run "mu = 1.0; sigma = 1.5"
run "a = mu"
run "lambda = pi / (sqrt(3.0) * sigma)"
run "xmin = mu - r_sigma * sigma"
run "xmax = mu + r_sigma * sigma"
run "ymax = 1.1 * logistic(mu, a, lambda) #mode of logistic PDF used"
set :key, :box
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10.0,ymax'
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.2f"
set sample:200
set title:"normal PDF using logistic approximation"
set :arrow, from:"mu,0", to:"mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set :arrow, from:"mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", to:"mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set label:"mu", at:"mu + 0.5, ymax / 10"
set label:"sigma", at:"mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)"
plot "logistic(x, a, lambda)",
"normal(x, mu, sigma)"
end
```
### 10
```ruby
# unset arrow
# unset label
#
# # Poisson PDF using normal approximation
# mu = 5.0
# sigma = sqrt(mu)
# xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin
# xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)
# ymax = 1.1 * poisson(mu, mu) #mode of poisson PDF used
# set key box
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin - 1 : xmax + 1]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k, x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10.0, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample 200
# set title "poisson PDF using normal approximation"
# set arrow from mu, 0 to mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma) nohead
# set arrow from mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) \
# to mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma) nohead
# set label "mu" at mu + 0.5, ymax / 10
# set label "sigma" at mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)
# plot poisson(rnd(x), mu) with histeps, normal(x, mu, sigma)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :arrow
unset :label
run "mu = 5.0"
run "sigma = sqrt(mu)"
run "xmin = floor(mu - r_sigma * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < r_xmin ? r_xmin : xmin"
run "xmax = ceil(mu + r_sigma * sigma)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * poisson(mu, mu) #mode of poisson PDF used"
set :key, :box
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin-1:xmax+1]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k, x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10.0,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:200
set title:"poisson PDF using normal approximation"
set :arrow, from:"mu, 0", to:"mu, normal(mu, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set :arrow, from:"mu, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", to:"mu + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)", nohead:true
set label:"mu", at:"mu + 0.5, ymax / 10"
set label:"sigma", at:"mu + 0.5 + sigma, normal(mu + sigma, mu, sigma)"
plot ["poisson(rnd(x), mu)", with:"histeps"],
"normal(x, mu, sigma)"
end
```
## probability (more)
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/prob.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Demo Statistical Functions version 2.3
# #
# # Copyright (c) 1991, 1992 Jos van der Woude, [email protected]
#
# # History:
# # -- --- 1992 Jos van der Woude: 1st version
# # 06 Jun 2006 Dan Sebald: Added some variety and plotting techniques for
# # better visual effect. More tutorial in nature.
#
# print " Statistical Library Demo, version 2.3"
# print "\n Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, Jos van de Woude, [email protected]"
# print "\n\n\n\n\n\n\n"
# print "NOTE: contains 54 plots and consequently takes a lot of time to run"
# print " Press Ctrl-C to exit right now"
#
# load "stat.inc"
#
# eps = 1.0e-10 # Supposed to be float resolution (nice if were defined internally)
#
# ## Gamma function
# xmin = -5.5
# xmax = 5
# ymin = -10
# ymax = 10
# unset key
# set xzeroaxis
# gsampfunc(t,n) = t<0?0.5*1/(-t+1.0)**n:1.0-0.5*1/(t+1.0)**n
# set parametric
# set trange [-1:1]
# set sample 200
# set xrange [xmin : xmax]
# set yrange [ymin : ymax]
# set xlabel "x"
# set ylabel "gamma(x)"
# set arrow 1 from 0,ymin to 0,ymax nohead lt 0
# set arrow 2 from -1,ymin to -1,ymax nohead lt 0
# set arrow 3 from -2,ymin to -2,ymax nohead lt 0
# set arrow 4 from -3,ymin to -3,ymax nohead lt 0
# set arrow 5 from -4,ymin to -4,ymax nohead lt 0
# set arrow 6 from -5,ymin to -5,ymax nohead lt 0
# set title "gamma function, very useful function for probability"
# plot gsampfunc(5*t,5)-6, gamma(gsampfunc(5*t,5)-6) lt 1, \
# gsampfunc(5*t,5)-5, gamma(gsampfunc(5*t,5)-5) lt 1, \
# gsampfunc(5*t,4)-4, gamma(gsampfunc(5*t,4)-4) lt 1, \
# gsampfunc(5*t,3)-3, gamma(gsampfunc(5*t,3)-3) lt 1, \
# gsampfunc(5*t,2)-2, gamma(gsampfunc(5*t,2)-2) lt 1, \
# gsampfunc(5*t,1)-1, gamma(gsampfunc(5*t,1)-1) lt 1, \
# 5*gsampfunc(5*t,2), gamma(5*gsampfunc(5*t,2)) lt 1
Numo.gnuplot do
load "stat.inc"
run "eps = 1.0e-10 # Supposed to be float resolution (nice if were defined internally)"
run "xmin = -5.5"
run "xmax = 5"
run "ymin = -10"
run "ymax = 10"
unset :key
set :xzeroaxis
run "gsampfunc(t,n) = t<0?0.5*1/(-t+1.0)**n:1.0-0.5*1/(t+1.0)**n"
set :parametric
set trange:-1..1
set sample:200
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[ymin:ymax]"
set xlabel:"x"
set ylabel:"gamma(x)"
set :arrow, 1, from:'0,ymin', to:'0,ymax', nohead:true, lt:0
set :arrow, 2, from:"-1,ymin", to:"-1,ymax", nohead:true, lt:0
set :arrow, 3, from:"-2,ymin", to:"-2,ymax", nohead:true, lt:0
set :arrow, 4, from:"-3,ymin", to:"-3,ymax", nohead:true, lt:0
set :arrow, 5, from:"-4,ymin", to:"-4,ymax", nohead:true, lt:0
set :arrow, 6, from:"-5,ymin", to:"-5,ymax", nohead:true, lt:0
set title:"gamma function, very useful function for probability"
plot "gsampfunc(5*t,5)-6",
["gamma(gsampfunc(5*t,5)-6)", lt:1],
"gsampfunc(5*t,5)-5",
["gamma(gsampfunc(5*t,5)-5)", lt:1],
"gsampfunc(5*t,4)-4",
["gamma(gsampfunc(5*t,4)-4)", lt:1],
"gsampfunc(5*t,3)-3",
["gamma(gsampfunc(5*t,3)-3)", lt:1],
"gsampfunc(5*t,2)-2",
["gamma(gsampfunc(5*t,2)-2)", lt:1],
"gsampfunc(5*t,1)-1",
["gamma(gsampfunc(5*t,1)-1)", lt:1],
"5*gsampfunc(5*t,2)",
["gamma(5*gsampfunc(5*t,2))", lt:1]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# ymin = ymin/2
# ymax = ymax/2
# set yrange [ymin:ymax]
# set ylabel "lgamma(x)"
# set arrow 1 from 0,ymin to 0,ymax nohead lt 0
# set arrow 2 from -1,ymin to -1,ymax nohead lt 0
# set arrow 3 from -2,ymin to -2,ymax nohead lt 0
# set arrow 4 from -3,ymin to -3,ymax nohead lt 0
# set arrow 5 from -4,ymin to -4,ymax nohead lt 0
# set arrow 6 from -5,ymin to -5,ymax nohead lt 0
# set title "log gamma function, similarly very useful function"
# plot gsampfunc(5*t,5)-6, lgamma(gsampfunc(5*t,5)-6) lt 1, \
# gsampfunc(5*t,5)-5, lgamma(gsampfunc(5*t,5)-5) lt 1, \
# gsampfunc(5*t,4)-4, lgamma(gsampfunc(5*t,4)-4) lt 1, \
# gsampfunc(5*t,3)-3, lgamma(gsampfunc(5*t,3)-3) lt 1, \
# gsampfunc(5*t,3)-2, lgamma(gsampfunc(5*t,3)-2) lt 1, \
# gsampfunc(5*t,3)-1, lgamma(gsampfunc(5*t,3)-1) lt 1, \
# 5*gsampfunc(5*t,3), lgamma(5*gsampfunc(5*t,3)) lt 1
Numo.gnuplot do
run "ymin = ymin/2"
run "ymax = ymax/2"
set yrange:"[ymin:ymax]"
set ylabel:"lgamma(x)"
set :arrow, 1, from:'0,ymin', to:'0,ymax', nohead:true, lt:0
set :arrow, 2, from:"-1,ymin", to:"-1,ymax", nohead:true, lt:0
set :arrow, 3, from:"-2,ymin", to:"-2,ymax", nohead:true, lt:0
set :arrow, 4, from:"-3,ymin", to:"-3,ymax", nohead:true, lt:0
set :arrow, 5, from:"-4,ymin", to:"-4,ymax", nohead:true, lt:0
set :arrow, 6, from:"-5,ymin", to:"-5,ymax", nohead:true, lt:0
set title:"log gamma function, similarly very useful function"
plot "gsampfunc(5*t,5)-6",
["lgamma(gsampfunc(5*t,5)-6)", lt:1],
"gsampfunc(5*t,5)-5",
["lgamma(gsampfunc(5*t,5)-5)", lt:1],
"gsampfunc(5*t,4)-4",
["lgamma(gsampfunc(5*t,4)-4)", lt:1],
"gsampfunc(5*t,3)-3",
["lgamma(gsampfunc(5*t,3)-3)", lt:1],
"gsampfunc(5*t,3)-2",
["lgamma(gsampfunc(5*t,3)-2)", lt:1],
"gsampfunc(5*t,3)-1",
["lgamma(gsampfunc(5*t,3)-1)", lt:1],
"5*gsampfunc(5*t,3)",
["lgamma(5*gsampfunc(5*t,3))", lt:1]
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# reset
#
# # Arcsinus PDF and CDF
# r = 2.0
# mu = 0.0
# sigma = r / sqrt2
# xmin = -(r+1)
# xmax = r+1
# unset key
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin : xmax]
# set yrange [-0.2 : 1.2]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.1f"
# set sample 50*xmax+1
# set title "arcsin PDF with r = 2.0"
# plot arcsin(x, r)
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
run "r = 2.0"
run "mu = 0.0"
run "sigma = r / sqrt2"
run "xmin = -(r+1)"
run "xmax = r+1"
unset :key
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:-0.2..1.2
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.1f"
set sample:'50*xmax+1'
set title:"arcsin PDF with r = 2.0"
plot "arcsin(x, r)"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set title "arcsin CDF with r = 2.0"
# set yrange [-0.2 : 1.2]
# plot carcsin(x, r)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"arcsin CDF with r = 2.0"
set yrange:-0.2..1.2
plot "carcsin(x, r)"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# # Beta PDF and CDF
# p = 5.0; q = 3.0
# mu = p / (p + q)
# sigma = sqrt(p**q) / ((p + q ) * sqrt(p + q + 1.0))
# xmin = 0.0
# xmax = 1.0
# #Mode of beta PDF used
# ymax = (p < 1.0 || q < 1.0) ? 2.0 : 1.4 * beta((p - 1.0)/(p + q - 2.0), p, q)
# set key right box
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin : xmax]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.1f"
# set sample 200
# set title "beta PDF"
# plot beta(x, 0.5, 0.7) title "p = 0.5, q = 0.7", \
# beta(x, 5.0, 3.0) title "p = 5.0, q = 3.0", \
# beta(x, 0.5, 2.5) title "p = 0.5, q = 2.5"
Numo.gnuplot do
run "p = 5.0; q = 3.0"
run "mu = p / (p + q)"
run "sigma = sqrt(p**q) / ((p + q ) * sqrt(p + q + 1.0))"
run "xmin = 0.0"
run "xmax = 1.0"
run "ymax = (p < 1.0 || q < 1.0) ? 2.0 : 1.4 * beta((p - 1.0)/(p + q - 2.0), p, q)"
set :key, :right, :box
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.1f"
set sample:200
set title:"beta PDF"
plot ["beta(x, 0.5, 0.7)", title:"p = 0.5, q = 0.7"],
["beta(x, 5.0, 3.0)", title:"p = 5.0, q = 3.0"],
["beta(x, 0.5, 2.5)", title:"p = 0.5, q = 2.5"]
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set yrange [0:1.1]
# set title "incomplete beta CDF"
# set key left box
# plot cbeta(x, 0.5, 0.7) title "p = 0.5, q = 0.7", \
# cbeta(x, 5.0, 3.0) title "p = 5.0, q = 3.0", \
# cbeta(x, 0.5, 2.5) title "p = 0.5, q = 2.5"
Numo.gnuplot do
set yrange:0..1.1
set title:"incomplete beta CDF"
set :key, :left, :box
plot ["cbeta(x, 0.5, 0.7)", title:"p = 0.5, q = 0.7"],
["cbeta(x, 5.0, 3.0)", title:"p = 5.0, q = 3.0"],
["cbeta(x, 0.5, 2.5)", title:"p = 0.5, q = 2.5"]
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# # Binomial PDF and CDF
# n = 25; p = 0.15
# mu = n * p
# sigma = sqrt(n * p * (1.0 - p))
# xmin = int(mu - 4.0 * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < -2 ? -2 : xmin
# xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)
# xmax = xmax < n+2 ? n+2 : xmax
# ymax = 1.1 * binom(int((n+1)*p), n, p) #Mode of binomial PDF used
# unset key
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin : xmax]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample (xmax - xmin) + 1
# set title "binomial PDF with n = 25, p = 0.15"
# plot binom(x, n, p) with impulses
Numo.gnuplot do
run "n = 25; p = 0.15"
run "mu = n * p"
run "sigma = sqrt(n * p * (1.0 - p))"
run "xmin = int(mu - 4.0 * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < -2 ? -2 : xmin"
run "xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)"
run "xmax = xmax < n+2 ? n+2 : xmax"
run "ymax = 1.1 * binom(int((n+1)*p), n, p) #Mode of binomial PDF used"
unset :key
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:'(xmax - xmin)+1'
set title:"binomial PDF with n = 25, p = 0.15"
plot "binom(x, n, p)", with:"impulses"
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# set ytics autofreq
# set xzeroaxis
# set title "binomial CDF with n = 25, p = 0.15"
# set yrange [-0.1 : 1.1]
# set ytics 0, 0.1, 1.0
# plot cbinom(x, n, p) with steps
Numo.gnuplot do
set ytics:"autofreq"
set :xzeroaxis
set title:"binomial CDF with n = 25, p = 0.15"
set yrange:-0.1..1.1
set ytics:[0,0.1,1.0]
plot "cbinom(x, n, p)", with:"steps"
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# # Cauchy PDF and CDF
# a = 0.0; b = 2.0
# #cauchy PDF has no moments
# xmin = a - 5.0 * b
# xmax = a + 5.0 * b
# ymax = 1.1 * cauchy(a, a, b) #Mode of cauchy PDF used
# set key left box
# set zeroaxis
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.2f"
# set sample 100
# set title "cauchy PDF"
# a=0
# b=2
# plot [xmin:xmax] [0:ymax] cauchy(x, 0, 2) title "a = 0, b = 2", \
# cauchy(x, 0, 4) title "a = 0, b = 4"
Numo.gnuplot do
run "a = 0.0; b = 2.0"
run "xmin = a - 5.0 * b"
run "xmax = a + 5.0 * b"
run "ymax = 1.1 * cauchy(a, a, b) #Mode of cauchy PDF used"
set :key, :left, :box
set :zeroaxis
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.2f"
set sample:100
set title:"cauchy PDF"
run "a=0"
run "b=2"
plot "[xmin:xmax]","[0:ymax]",
["cauchy(x, 0, 2)", title:"a = 0, b = 2"],
["cauchy(x, 0, 4)", title:"a = 0, b = 4"]
end
```
### 10
```ruby
# set title "cauchy CDF"
# plot [xmin:xmax] [0:1.0] ccauchy(x, 0, 2) title "a = 0, b = 2", \
# ccauchy(x, 0, 4) title "a = 0, b = 4"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"cauchy CDF"
plot "[xmin:xmax]", 0..1.0,
["ccauchy(x, 0, 2)", title:"a = 0, b = 2"],
["ccauchy(x, 0, 4)", title:"a = 0, b = 4"]
end
```
### 11
```ruby
# # Chi-square PDF and CDF
# k = 4.0
# mu = k
# sigma = sqrt(2.0 * k)
# xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma
# xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin
# xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)
# k = 2.0
# ymax = (k > 2.0 ? 1.1*chisq(k - 2.0, k) : 0.5) #Mode of chi PDF used
# set key right box
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin+eps : xmax] #Discontinuity at zero for k < 2
# set yrange [0:ymax]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.2f"
# set sample 100
# set title "chi-square PDF"
# set key right box
# set samples 15*20+1
# keystr(k) = sprintf("k = %d", k)
# plot k = 1, x==0?1/0:chisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 2, x==0?1/0:chisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 3, chisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 4, chisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 5, chisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 6, chisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 7, chisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 8, chisq(x, k) title keystr(k)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "k = 4.0"
run "mu = k"
run "sigma = sqrt(2.0 * k)"
run "xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma"
run "xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin"
run "xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)"
run "k = 2.0"
run "ymax = (k > 2.0 ? 1.1*chisq(k - 2.0, k) : 0.5) #Mode of chi PDF used"
set :key, :right, :box
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin+eps:xmax]" #Discontinuity at "zero" for k < 2
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.2f"
set sample:100
set title:"chi-square PDF"
set :key, :right, :box
set samples:'15*20+1'
run "keystr(k) = sprintf(\"k = %d\", k)"
plot "k=1",
["x==0?1/0:chisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=2",
["x==0?1/0:chisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=3",
["chisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=4",
["chisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=5",
["chisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=6",
["chisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=7",
["chisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=8",
["chisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)']
end
```
### 12
```ruby
# set yrange [0:1.1]
# set key bottom right box
# set title "chi-square CDF"
# plot k = 1, cchisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 2, cchisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 3, cchisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 4, cchisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 5, cchisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 6, cchisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 7, cchisq(x, k) title keystr(k), \
# k = 8, cchisq(x, k) title keystr(k)
Numo.gnuplot do
set yrange:0..1.1
set :key, :bottom, :right, :box
set title:"chi-square CDF"
plot "k=1",
["cchisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=2",
["cchisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=3",
["cchisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=4",
["cchisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=5",
["cchisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=6",
["cchisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=7",
["cchisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)'],
"k=8",
["cchisq(x, k)", title_nq:'keystr(k)']
end
```
### 13
```ruby
# # Erlang PDF and CDF
# lambda = 1.0; n = 2.0
# mu = n / lambda
# sigma = sqrt(n) / lambda
# xmax = int(mu + 5.0 * sigma)
# n = 1.0
# ymax = n < 2.0 ? 1.0 : 1.1 * erlang((n - 1.0) / lambda, n, lambda) #Mode of erlang PDF used
# set zeroaxis
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.1f"
# set sample 100
# set title "erlang PDF"
# set key top right box
# l1 = 1.0; l2 = 0.5
# set arrow 1 from 2,0.8 to 0.33,erlang(0.33,1,l1)
# set arrow 2 from 2,0.8 to 0.33,erlang(0.33,1,l2)
# set label 1 "n = 1, exponential r.v." at 2.1,0.8 left
# keystr(n,lambda) = sprintf("lambda = %0.1f, n = %d", lambda, n)
# plot [0:xmax] [0:ymax] n = 1, lambda = l1, erlang(x, n, lambda) title keystr(n,lambda), \
# n = 1, lambda = l2, erlang(x, n, lambda) title keystr(n,lambda), \
# n = 2, lambda = l1, erlang(x, n, lambda) title keystr(n,lambda), \
# n = 2, lambda = l2, erlang(x, n, lambda) title keystr(n,lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "lambda = 1.0; n = 2.0"
run "mu = n / lambda"
run "sigma = sqrt(n) / lambda"
run "xmax = int(mu + 5.0 * sigma)"
run "n = 1.0"
run "ymax = n < 2.0 ? 1.0 : 1.1 * erlang((n - 1.0) / lambda, n, lambda) #Mode of erlang PDF used"
set :zeroaxis
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.1f"
set sample:100
set title:"erlang PDF"
set :key, :top, :right, :box
run "l1 = 1.0; l2 = 0.5"
set :arrow, 1, from:[2,0.8], to:"0.33,erlang(0.33,1,l1)"
set :arrow, 2, from:[2,0.8], to:"0.33,erlang(0.33,1,l2)"
set :label, 1, "n = 1, exponential r.v.", at:[2.1,0.8], left:true
run "keystr(n,lambda) = sprintf(\"lambda = %0.1f, n = %d\", lambda, n)"
plot "[0:xmax]","[0:ymax]",
"n=1",
"lambda=l1",
["erlang(x, n, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(n,lambda)'],
"n=1",
"lambda=l2",
["erlang(x, n, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(n,lambda)'],
"n=2",
"lambda=l1",
["erlang(x, n, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(n,lambda)'],
"n=2",
"lambda=l2",
["erlang(x, n, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(n,lambda)']
end
```
### 14
```ruby
# unset label 1
# unset arrow 1; unset arrow 2
# set title "erlang CDF"
# set key bottom right box
# plot [0:xmax] [0:1.1] n = 1, lambda = l1, cerlang(x, n, lambda) title keystr(n,lambda), \
# n = 1, lambda = l2, cerlang(x, n, lambda) title keystr(n,lambda), \
# n = 2, lambda = l1, cerlang(x, n, lambda) title keystr(n,lambda), \
# n = 2, lambda = l2, cerlang(x, n, lambda) title keystr(n,lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset label:1
unset :arrow, 1; unset :arrow, 2
set title:"erlang CDF"
set :key, :bottom, :right, :box
plot "[0:xmax]", 0..1.1,
"n=1",
"lambda=l1",
["cerlang(x, n, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(n,lambda)'],
"n=1",
"lambda=l2",
["cerlang(x, n, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(n,lambda)'],
"n=2",
"lambda=l1",
["cerlang(x, n, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(n,lambda)'],
"n=2",
"lambda=l2",
["cerlang(x, n, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(n,lambda)']
end
```
### 15
```ruby
# # Thanks to [email protected] for telling us about this.
# # Extreme (Gumbel extreme value) PDF and CDF
# alpha = 1.0; u = 0.0
# mu = u + (0.577215665/alpha) # Euler's constant
# sigma = pi/(sqrt(6.0)*alpha)
# xmin = mu - 6.0 * sigma
# xmax = mu + 6.0 * sigma
# ymax = 1.1 * extreme(u, u, alpha) #Mode of extreme PDF used
# ymax = int(10*ymax)/10.0
# set zeroaxis
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.2f"
# set sample 100
# set title "extreme PDF"
# set key top left box
# plot [xmin:xmax] [0:ymax] extreme(x, 1.0, 0.5) title "alpha = 0.5, u = 1.0", \
# extreme(x, 0.0, 1.0) title "alpha = 1.0, u = 0.0"
Numo.gnuplot do
run "alpha = 1.0; u = 0.0"
run "mu = u + (0.577215665/alpha) # Euler's constant"
run "sigma = pi/(sqrt(6.0)*alpha)"
run "xmin = mu - 6.0 * sigma"
run "xmax = mu + 6.0 * sigma"
run "ymax = 1.1 * extreme(u, u, alpha) #Mode of extreme PDF used"
run "ymax = int(10*ymax)/10.0"
set :zeroaxis
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.2f"
set sample:100
set title:"extreme PDF"
set :key, :top, :left, :box
plot "[xmin:xmax]","[0:ymax]",
["extreme(x, 1.0, 0.5)", title:"alpha = 0.5, u = 1.0"],
["extreme(x, 0.0, 1.0)", title:"alpha = 1.0, u = 0.0"]
end
```
### 16
```ruby
# set title "extreme CDF"
# plot [xmin:xmax] [0:1.1] cextreme(x, 1.0, 0.5) title "alpha = 0.5, u = 1.0", \
# cextreme(x, 0.0, 1.0) title "alpha = 1.0, u = 0.0"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"extreme CDF"
plot "[xmin:xmax]", 0..1.1,
["cextreme(x, 1.0, 0.5)", title:"alpha = 0.5, u = 1.0"],
["cextreme(x, 0.0, 1.0)", title:"alpha = 1.0, u = 0.0"]
end
```
### 17
```ruby
# # F PDF and CDF
# df1 = 5.0; df2 = 9.0
# mu = df2 < 2.0 ? 1.0 : df2 / (df2 - 2.0)
# sigma = df2 < 4.0 ? 1.0 : mu * sqrt(2.0 * (df1 + df2 - 2.0) / (df1 * (df2 - 4.0)))
# xmin = mu - 3.0 * sigma
# xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin
# xmax = int(mu + 3.0 * sigma)
# #Mode of F PDF used
# ymax = df1 < 3.0 ? 1.0 : 1.1 * f((df1 / 2.0 - 1.0) / (df1 / 2.0 + df1 / df2), df1, df2)
# set zeroaxis
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.2f"
# set sample 100
# set title "F PDF"
# set key right box
# plot [xmin:xmax] [0:ymax] f(x, 5.0, 9.0) title "df1 = 5, df2 = 9", \
# f(x, 7.0, 6.0) title "df1 = 7, df2 = 6"
Numo.gnuplot do
run "df1 = 5.0; df2 = 9.0"
run "mu = df2 < 2.0 ? 1.0 : df2 / (df2 - 2.0)"
run "sigma = df2 < 4.0 ? 1.0 : mu * sqrt(2.0 * (df1 + df2 - 2.0) / (df1 * (df2 - 4.0)))"
run "xmin = mu - 3.0 * sigma"
run "xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin"
run "xmax = int(mu + 3.0 * sigma)"
run "ymax = df1 < 3.0 ? 1.0 : 1.1 * f((df1 / 2.0 - 1.0) / (df1 / 2.0 + df1 / df2), df1, df2)"
set :zeroaxis
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.2f"
set sample:100
set title:"F PDF"
set :key, :right, :box
plot "[xmin:xmax]","[0:ymax]",
["f(x, 5.0, 9.0)", title:"df1 = 5, df2 = 9"],
["f(x, 7.0, 6.0)", title:"df1 = 7, df2 = 6"]
end
```
### 18
```ruby
# set title "F CDF"
# set key left box
# plot [xmin:xmax] [0:1.1] cf(x, 5.0, 9.0) title "df1 = 5, df2 = 9", \
# cf(x, 7.0, 6.0) title "df1 = 7, df2 = 6"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"F CDF"
set :key, :left, :box
plot "[xmin:xmax]", 0..1.1,
["cf(x, 5.0, 9.0)", title:"df1 = 5, df2 = 9"],
["cf(x, 7.0, 6.0)", title:"df1 = 7, df2 = 6"]
end
```
### 19
```ruby
# # Gamma PDF and incomplete gamma CDF
# rho = 1.0; lambda = 1.3
# mu = rho / lambda
# sigma = sqrt(rho) / lambda
# xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma
# xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin
# xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma
# ymax = rho < 1.0 ? 2.0 : 1.1 * gmm((rho - 1.0) / lambda, rho, lambda) #Mode of gamma pdf used
# set zeroaxis
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.1f"
# set sample 100
# set title "gamma PDF"
# set key right
# r1 = 0.5; r2 = 1.0; r3 = 1.0; r4 = 1.3; r5 = 2.0; r6 = 4.0; r7 = 6.0
# l1 = 1.0; l2 = 1.0; l3 = 1.3; l4 = 1.3; l5 = 2.0; l6 = 2.0; l7 = 2.0
# set arrow 1 from 1,1.3 to 0.15,gmm(0.15,r1,l1)
# set label 1 "rho < 1, tends to infinity" at 1.1,1.3 left
# set arrow 2 from 1.15,1.1 to 0.35,gmm(0.35,r3,l3)
# set label 2 "rho = 1, finite, nonzero limit" at 1.25,1.1 left
# set arrow 3 from 1.5,0.9 to 1.0,gmm(1.0,r5,l5)
# set label 3 "rho > 1, tends to zero" at 1.6,0.9 left
# keystr(rho,lambda) = sprintf("rho = %0.1f, lambda = %0.1f", rho, lambda)
# plot [0:5] [0:1.5] rho = r1, lambda = l1, gmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda), \
# rho = r2, lambda = l2, gmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda), \
# rho = r3, lambda = l3, gmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda), \
# rho = r4, lambda = l4, gmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda), \
# rho = r5, lambda = l5, gmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda), \
# rho = r6, lambda = l6, gmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda), \
# rho = r7, lambda = l7, gmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "rho = 1.0; lambda = 1.3"
run "mu = rho / lambda"
run "sigma = sqrt(rho) / lambda"
run "xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma"
run "xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin"
run "xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma"
run "ymax = rho < 1.0 ? 2.0 : 1.1 * gmm((rho - 1.0) / lambda, rho, lambda) #Mode of gamma pdf used"
set :zeroaxis
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.1f"
set sample:100
set title:"gamma PDF"
set :key, :right
run "r1 = 0.5; r2 = 1.0; r3 = 1.0; r4 = 1.3; r5 = 2.0; r6 = 4.0; r7 = 6.0"
run "l1 = 1.0; l2 = 1.0; l3 = 1.3; l4 = 1.3; l5 = 2.0; l6 = 2.0; l7 = 2.0"
set :arrow, 1, from:[1,1.3], to:"0.15,gmm(0.15,r1,l1)"
set :label, 1, "rho < 1, tends to infinity", at:[1.1,1.3], left:true
set :arrow, 2, from:[1.15,1.1], to:"0.35,gmm(0.35,r3,l3)"
set :label, 2, "rho = 1, finite, nonzero limit", at:[1.25,1.1], left:true
set :arrow, 3, from:[1.5,0.9], to:"1.0,gmm(1.0,r5,l5)"
set :label, 3, "rho > 1, tends to zero", at:[1.6,0.9], left:true
run "keystr(rho,lambda) = sprintf(\"rho = %0.1f, lambda = %0.1f\", rho, lambda)"
plot 0..5, 0..1.5,
"rho=r1",
"lambda=l1",
["gmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)'],
"rho=r2",
"lambda=l2",
["gmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)'],
"rho=r3",
"lambda=l3",
["gmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)'],
"rho=r4",
"lambda=l4",
["gmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)'],
"rho=r5",
"lambda=l5",
["gmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)'],
"rho=r6",
"lambda=l6",
["gmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)'],
"rho=r7",
"lambda=l7",
["gmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)']
end
```
### 20
```ruby
# unset label 1; unset label 2; unset label 3
# unset arrow 1; unset arrow 2; unset arrow 3
# set title "incomplete gamma CDF"
# set key right bottom
# plot [0:5] [0:1.1] rho = r1, lambda = l1, cgmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda), \
# rho = r2, lambda = l2, cgmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda), \
# rho = r3, lambda = l3, cgmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda), \
# rho = r4, lambda = l4, cgmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda), \
# rho = r5, lambda = l5, cgmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda), \
# rho = r6, lambda = l6, cgmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda), \
# rho = r7, lambda = l7, cgmm(x, rho, lambda) title keystr(rho,lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset label:1; unset label:2; unset label:3
unset :arrow, 1; unset :arrow, 2; unset :arrow, 3
set title:"incomplete gamma CDF"
set :key, :right, :bottom
plot 0..5, 0..1.1,
"rho=r1",
"lambda=l1",
["cgmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)'],
"rho=r2",
"lambda=l2",
["cgmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)'],
"rho=r3",
"lambda=l3",
["cgmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)'],
"rho=r4",
"lambda=l4",
["cgmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)'],
"rho=r5",
"lambda=l5",
["cgmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)'],
"rho=r6",
"lambda=l6",
["cgmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)'],
"rho=r7",
"lambda=l7",
["cgmm(x, rho, lambda)", title_nq:'keystr(rho,lambda)']
end
```
### 21
```ruby
# # Geometric PDF and CDF
# p = 0.4
# mu = (1.0 - p) / p
# sigma = sqrt(mu / p)
# xmin = int(mu - 4.0 * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < -1 ? -1 : xmin
# xmin = -1
# xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)
# ymax = 1.1 * geometric(0, p) #mode of geometric PDF used
# unset key
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin : xmax]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample (xmax - xmin) + 1
# set title "geometric PDF with p = 0.4"
# plot geometric(x, p) with impulses
Numo.gnuplot do
run "p = 0.4"
run "mu = (1.0 - p) / p"
run "sigma = sqrt(mu / p)"
run "xmin = int(mu - 4.0 * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < -1 ? -1 : xmin"
run "xmin = -1"
run "xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * geometric(0, p) #mode of geometric PDF used"
unset :key
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:'(xmax - xmin)+1'
set title:"geometric PDF with p = 0.4"
plot "geometric(x, p)", with:"impulses"
end
```
### 22
```ruby
# set title "geometric CDF with p = 0.4"
# set yrange [0 : 1.1]
# set ytics 0, 0.1, 1.0
# plot cgeometric(x, p) with steps
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"geometric CDF with p = 0.4"
set yrange:0..1.1
set ytics:[0,0.1,1.0]
plot "cgeometric(x, p)", with:"steps"
end
```
### 23
```ruby
# # Half normal PDF and CDF
# mu = sqrt2invpi
# sigma = 1.0
# s = sigma*sqrt(1.0 - 2.0/pi)
# xmin = -0.2
# xmax = mu + 4.0 * s
# ymax = 1.1 * halfnormal(0, sigma) #Mode of half normal PDF used
# unset key
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin: xmax]
# set yrange [-0.1: ymax]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.1f"
# set sample 100
# set parametric
# set trange [xmin:xmax]
# set title "half normal PDF, sigma = 1.0"
# set arrow 1 from 0.5,0.13 to 0.0,0.4
# set label 1 "Discontinuity achieved by plotting\ntwice with limited parametric ranges" at 0.2,0.1 left
# plot t<0?t:-eps, halfnormal(t<0?t:-eps, sigma) ls 1, t<0?0.0:t, halfnormal(t<0?0.0:t, sigma) ls 1
Numo.gnuplot do
run "mu = sqrt2invpi"
run "sigma = 1.0"
run "s = sigma*sqrt(1.0 - 2.0/pi)"
run "xmin = -0.2"
run "xmax = mu + 4.0 * s"
run "ymax = 1.1 * halfnormal(0, sigma) #Mode of half normal PDF used"
unset :key
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[-0.1:ymax]"
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.1f"
set sample:100
set :parametric
set trange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set title:"half normal PDF, sigma = 1.0"
set :arrow, 1, from:[0.5,0.13], to:[0.0,0.4]
set :label, 1, "Discontinuity achieved by plotting\ntwice with limited parametric ranges", at:[0.2,0.1], left:true
plot "t<0?t:-eps",
["halfnormal(t<0?t:-eps, sigma)", ls:1],
"t<0?0.0:t",
["halfnormal(t<0?0.0:t, sigma)", ls:1]
end
```
### 24
```ruby
# set title "half normal CDF, sigma = 1.0"
# set yrange [-0.1:1.1]
# set arrow 1 from 0.45,0.1 to 0.05,0.01
# set label 1 "Cusp achieved by plotting twice\nwith limited parametric ranges" at 0.5,0.1 left
# plot t<0?t:-eps, chalfnormal(t<0?t:-eps, sigma) ls 1, t<0?0.0:t, chalfnormal(t<0?0.0:t, sigma) ls 1
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"half normal CDF, sigma = 1.0"
set yrange:-0.1..1.1
set :arrow, 1, from:[0.45,0.1], to:[0.05,0.01]
set :label, 1, "Cusp achieved by plotting twice\nwith limited parametric ranges", at:[0.5,0.1], left:true
plot "t<0?t:-eps",
["chalfnormal(t<0?t:-eps, sigma)", ls:1],
"t<0?0.0:t",
["chalfnormal(t<0?0.0:t, sigma)", ls:1]
end
```
### 25
```ruby
# unset label 1
# unset arrow 1
# unset parametric
#
# # Hypergeometric PDF and CPF
# N = 75; C = 25; d = 10
# p = real(C) / N
# mu = d * p
# sigma = sqrt(real(N - d) / (N - 1.0) * d * p * (1.0 - p))
# xmin = int(mu - 4.0 * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < -1 ? -1 : xmin
# xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)
# xmax = xmax < d+1 ? d+1 : xmax
# ymax = 1.1 * hypgeo(int(mu),N,C,d) # approximate mode of hypergeometric PDF used
# unset key
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin : xmax]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample (xmax - xmin) + 1
# set title "hypergeometric PDF with N = 75, C = 25, d = 10"
# plot hypgeo(x,N,C,d) with impulses
Numo.gnuplot do
unset label:1
unset :arrow, 1
unset :parametric
run "N = 75; C = 25; d = 10"
run "p = real(C) / N"
run "mu = d * p"
run "sigma = sqrt(real(N - d) / (N - 1.0) * d * p * (1.0 - p))"
run "xmin = int(mu - 4.0 * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < -1 ? -1 : xmin"
run "xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)"
run "xmax = xmax < d+1 ? d+1 : xmax"
run "ymax = 1.1 * hypgeo(int(mu),N,C,d) # approximate mode of hypergeometric PDF used"
unset :key
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:'(xmax - xmin)+1'
set title:"hypergeometric PDF with N = 75, C = 25, d = 10"
plot "hypgeo(x,N,C,d)", with:"impulses"
end
```
### 26
```ruby
# set yrange [0 : 1.1]
# set ytics 0, 1.0 / 10.0, 1.1
# set title "hypergeometric CDF with N = 75, C = 25, d = 10"
# plot chypgeo(x,N,C,d) with steps
Numo.gnuplot do
set yrange:0..1.1
set ytics:'0,1.0/10.0,1.1'
set title:"hypergeometric CDF with N = 75, C = 25, d = 10"
plot "chypgeo(x,N,C,d)", with:"steps"
end
```
### 27
```ruby
# # Laplace PDF
# mu = 0.0; b = 1.0
# sigma = sqrt(2.0) * b
# xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma
# xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma
# ymax = 1.1 * laplace(mu, mu, b) #Mode of laplace PDF used
# unset key
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin: xmax]
# set yrange [0: ymax]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.2f"
# set sample 100+1
# set title "laplace (or double exponential) PDF with mu = 0, b = 1"
# set arrow 1 from -0.95,0.5 to -0.1,0.5
# set label 1 "Cusp achieved by selecting point\nas part of function samples" at -1.0,0.5 right
# plot laplace(x, mu, b)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "mu = 0.0; b = 1.0"
run "sigma = sqrt(2.0) * b"
run "xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma"
run "xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma"
run "ymax = 1.1 * laplace(mu, mu, b) #Mode of laplace PDF used"
unset :key
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.2f"
set sample:'100+1'
set title:"laplace (or double exponential) PDF with mu = 0, b = 1"
set :arrow, 1, from:[-0.95,0.5], to:[-0.1,0.5]
set :label, 1, "Cusp achieved by selecting point\nas part of function samples", at:[-1.0,0.5], right:true
plot "laplace(x, mu, b)"
end
```
### 28
```ruby
# unset label 1
# unset arrow 1
# set title "laplace (or double exponential) CDF with mu = 0, b = 1"
# set yrange [0: 1.1]
# plot claplace(x, mu, b)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset label:1
unset :arrow, 1
set title:"laplace (or double exponential) CDF with mu = 0, b = 1"
set yrange:0..1.1
plot "claplace(x, mu, b)"
end
```
### 29
```ruby
# # Logistic PDF and CDF
# a = 0.0; lambda = 2.0
# mu = a
# sigma = pi / (sqrt(3.0) * lambda)
# xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma
# xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma
# ymax = 1.1 * logistic(mu, a, lambda) #Mode of logistic PDF used
# unset key
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin: xmax]
# set yrange [0: ymax]
# unset key
# set zeroaxis
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.1f"
# set sample 100
# set title "logistic PDF with a = 0, lambda = 2"
# plot logistic(x, a, lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "a = 0.0; lambda = 2.0"
run "mu = a"
run "sigma = pi / (sqrt(3.0) * lambda)"
run "xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma"
run "xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma"
run "ymax = 1.1 * logistic(mu, a, lambda) #Mode of logistic PDF used"
unset :key
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
unset :key
set :zeroaxis
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.1f"
set sample:100
set title:"logistic PDF with a = 0, lambda = 2"
plot "logistic(x, a, lambda)"
end
```
### 30
```ruby
# set title "logistic CDF with a = 0, lambda = 2"
# set yrange [0: 1.1]
# plot clogistic(x, a, lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"logistic CDF with a = 0, lambda = 2"
set yrange:0..1.1
plot "clogistic(x, a, lambda)"
end
```
### 31
```ruby
# # Lognormal PDF and CDF
# mu = 1.0; sigma = 0.5
# m = exp(mu + 0.5 * sigma**2)
# s = sqrt(exp(2.0 * mu + sigma**2) * (2.0 * exp(sigma) - 1.0))
# xmin = m - 4.0 * s
# xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin
# xmax = m + 4.0 * s
# ymax = 1.1 * lognormal(exp(mu - sigma**2), mu, sigma) #Mode of lognormal PDF used
# unset key
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin: xmax]
# set yrange [0: ymax]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.2f"
# set format y "%.2f"
# set sample 100
# set title "lognormal PDF with mu = 1.0, sigma = 0.5"
# plot lognormal(x, mu, sigma)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "mu = 1.0; sigma = 0.5"
run "m = exp(mu + 0.5 * sigma**2)"
run "s = sqrt(exp(2.0 * mu + sigma**2) * (2.0 * exp(sigma) - 1.0))"
run "xmin = m - 4.0 * s"
run "xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin"
run "xmax = m + 4.0 * s"
run "ymax = 1.1 * lognormal(exp(mu - sigma**2), mu, sigma) #Mode of lognormal PDF used"
unset :key
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.2f"
set format_y:"%.2f"
set sample:100
set title:"lognormal PDF with mu = 1.0, sigma = 0.5"
plot "lognormal(x, mu, sigma)"
end
```
### 32
```ruby
# set title "lognormal CDF with mu = 1.0, sigma = 0.5"
# set yrange [0: 1.1]
# plot clognormal(x, mu, sigma)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"lognormal CDF with mu = 1.0, sigma = 0.5"
set yrange:0..1.1
plot "clognormal(x, mu, sigma)"
end
```
### 33
```ruby
# # Maxwell PDF
# a = 0.5
# mu = 2.0 / sqrt(pi) / a
# sigma = sqrt(3.0 - 8.0/pi) / a
# xmin = int(mu - 3.0 * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin
# xmax = int(mu + 3.0 * sigma)
# a = 1.5
# ymax = 1.1 * maxwell(1.0 / a, a) + 0.5 #Mode of maxwell PDF used
# ymax = int(ymax + 0.5)
# set zeroaxis
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.1f"
# set sample 100
# set title "maxwell PDF"
# set key right top box
# plot [xmin:xmax] [0:ymax] maxwell(x, 1.5) title "a = 1.5", \
# maxwell(x, 1.0) title "a = 1.0", \
# maxwell(x, 0.5) title "a = 0.5"
Numo.gnuplot do
run "a = 0.5"
run "mu = 2.0 / sqrt(pi) / a"
run "sigma = sqrt(3.0 - 8.0/pi) / a"
run "xmin = int(mu - 3.0 * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin"
run "xmax = int(mu + 3.0 * sigma)"
run "a = 1.5"
run "ymax = 1.1 * maxwell(1.0 / a, a) + 0.5 #Mode of maxwell PDF used"
run "ymax = int(ymax + 0.5)"
set :zeroaxis
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.1f"
set sample:100
set title:"maxwell PDF"
set :key, :right, :top, :box
plot "[xmin:xmax]","[0:ymax]",
["maxwell(x, 1.5)", title:"a = 1.5"],
["maxwell(x, 1.0)", title:"a = 1.0"],
["maxwell(x, 0.5)", title:"a = 0.5"]
end
```
### 34
```ruby
# set title "maxwell CDF"
# set key right bottom box
# plot [xmin:xmax] [0:1.1] cmaxwell(x, 1.5) title "a = 1.5", \
# cmaxwell(x, 1.0) title "a = 1.0", \
# cmaxwell(x, 0.5) title "a = 0.5"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"maxwell CDF"
set :key, :right, :bottom, :box
plot "[xmin:xmax]", 0..1.1,
["cmaxwell(x, 1.5)", title:"a = 1.5"],
["cmaxwell(x, 1.0)", title:"a = 1.0"],
["cmaxwell(x, 0.5)", title:"a = 0.5"]
end
```
### 35
```ruby
# # Negative binomial PDF and CDF
# r = 8; p = 0.4
# mu = r * (1.0 - p) / p
# sigma = sqrt(mu / p)
# xmin = int(mu - 4.0 * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin
# xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)
# ymax = 1.1 * negbin(int(mu - (1.0-p)/p), r, p) #mode of gamma PDF used
# unset key
# unset zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin-1 : xmax]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample (xmax - xmin+1) + 1
# set title "negative binomial (or pascal or polya) PDF with r = 8, p = 0.4"
# plot negbin(x, r, p) with impulses
Numo.gnuplot do
run "r = 8; p = 0.4"
run "mu = r * (1.0 - p) / p"
run "sigma = sqrt(mu / p)"
run "xmin = int(mu - 4.0 * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin"
run "xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * negbin(int(mu - (1.0-p)/p), r, p) #mode of gamma PDF used"
unset :key
unset :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin-1:xmax]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:'(xmax - xmin+1)+1'
set title:"negative binomial (or pascal or polya) PDF with r = 8, p = 0.4"
plot "negbin(x, r, p)", with:"impulses"
end
```
### 36
```ruby
# set yrange [0 : 1.1]
# set ytics 0, 0.1, 1.0
# set title "negative binomial (or pascal or polya) CDF with r = 8, p = 0.4"
# plot cnegbin(x, r, p) with steps
Numo.gnuplot do
set yrange:0..1.1
set ytics:[0,0.1,1.0]
set title:"negative binomial (or pascal or polya) CDF with r = 8, p = 0.4"
plot "cnegbin(x, r, p)", with:"steps"
end
```
### 37
```ruby
# # Negative exponential PDF and CDF
# lambda = 2.0
# mu = 1.0 / lambda
# sigma = 1.0 / lambda
# xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma
# ymax = lambda #No mode
# unset key
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [0: xmax]
# set yrange [0: ymax]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.2f"
# set format y "%.1f"
# set sample 100
# set title "negative exponential (or exponential) PDF with lambda = 2.0"
# plot nexp(x, lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "lambda = 2.0"
run "mu = 1.0 / lambda"
run "sigma = 1.0 / lambda"
run "xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma"
run "ymax = lambda #No mode"
unset :key
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[0:xmax]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.2f"
set format_y:"%.1f"
set sample:100
set title:"negative exponential (or exponential) PDF with lambda = 2.0"
plot "nexp(x, lambda)"
end
```
### 38
```ruby
# set title "negative exponential (or exponential) CDF with lambda = 2.0"
# set yrange [0: 1.1]
# plot cnexp(x, lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"negative exponential (or exponential) CDF with lambda = 2.0"
set yrange:0..1.1
plot "cnexp(x, lambda)"
end
```
### 39
```ruby
# # Normal PDF and CDF
# mu = 0.0; sigma = 1.0
# xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma
# xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma
# mu = 2.0; sigma = 0.5
# ymax = 1.1 * normal(mu, mu, sigma) #Mode of normal PDF used
# set zeroaxis
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.1f"
# set sample 100
# set title "normal (also called gauss or bell-curved) PDF"
# set key left top box
# plot [xmin:xmax] [0:ymax] normal(x, 0, 1.0) title "mu = 0, sigma = 1.0", \
# normal(x, 2, 0.5) title "mu = 2, sigma = 0.5", \
# normal(x, 1, 2.0) title "mu = 1, sigma = 2.0"
Numo.gnuplot do
run "mu = 0.0; sigma = 1.0"
run "xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma"
run "xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma"
run "mu = 2.0; sigma = 0.5"
run "ymax = 1.1 * normal(mu, mu, sigma) #Mode of normal PDF used"
set :zeroaxis
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.1f"
set sample:100
set title:"normal (also called gauss or bell-curved) PDF"
set :key, :left, :top, :box
plot "[xmin:xmax]","[0:ymax]",
["normal(x, 0, 1.0)", title:"mu = 0, sigma = 1.0"],
["normal(x, 2, 0.5)", title:"mu = 2, sigma = 0.5"],
["normal(x, 1, 2.0)", title:"mu = 1, sigma = 2.0"]
end
```
### 40
```ruby
# set title "normal (also called gauss or bell-curved) CDF"
# set key left top box
# plot [xmin:xmax] [0:1.1] mu = 0, sigma = 1.0, cnormal(x, mu, sigma) title "mu = 0, sigma = 1.0", \
# mu = 2, sigma = 0.5, cnormal(x, mu, sigma) title "mu = 2, sigma = 0.5", \
# mu = 1, sigma = 2.0, cnormal(x, mu, sigma) title "mu = 1, sigma = 2.0"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"normal (also called gauss or bell-curved) CDF"
set :key, :left, :top, :box
plot "[xmin:xmax]", 0..1.1,
"mu=0",
"sigma=1.0",
["cnormal(x, mu, sigma)", title:"mu = 0, sigma = 1.0"],
"mu=2",
"sigma=0.5",
["cnormal(x, mu, sigma)", title:"mu = 2, sigma = 0.5"],
"mu=1",
"sigma=2.0",
["cnormal(x, mu, sigma)", title:"mu = 1, sigma = 2.0"]
end
```
### 41
```ruby
# # Pareto PDF and CDF
# a = 1.0; b = 3.0
# mu = a * b / (b - 1.0)
# sigma = a * sqrt(b) / (sqrt(b - 2.0) * (b - 1.0))
# xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma
# xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin
# xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)
# ymax = 1.1 * pareto(a, a, b) #mode of pareto PDF used
# ymin = -0.1 * pareto(a, a, b)
# unset key
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin: xmax]
# set yrange [ymin: ymax]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.1f"
# set sample 200+1
# set title "pareto PDF with a = 1, b = 3"
# # Discontinuity at a
# set parametric
# set trange [0:1-eps]
# x1(t) = -1 + 2*t
# x2(t) = 1 + 3*t
# set arrow 1 from 1.75,0.8 to 1.0,0.8
# set arrow 2 from 1.0,0.0 to 1.0,3.0 nohead lt 0
# set label 1 "Discontinuity achieved by plotting twice\nwith affine mapped parametric ranges" at 1.8,0.8 left
# plot x1(t), pareto(x1(t), a, b) ls 1, x2(t), pareto(x2(t), a, b) ls 1
Numo.gnuplot do
run "a = 1.0; b = 3.0"
run "mu = a * b / (b - 1.0)"
run "sigma = a * sqrt(b) / (sqrt(b - 2.0) * (b - 1.0))"
run "xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma"
run "xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin"
run "xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * pareto(a, a, b) #mode of pareto PDF used"
run "ymin = -0.1 * pareto(a, a, b)"
unset :key
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[ymin:ymax]"
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.1f"
set sample:'200+1'
set title:"pareto PDF with a = 1, b = 3"
set :parametric
set trange:"[0:1-eps]"
run "x1(t) = -1 + 2*t"
run "x2(t) = 1 + 3*t"
set :arrow, 1, from:[1.75,0.8], to:[1.0,0.8]
set :arrow, 2, from:[1.0,0.0], to:[1.0,3.0], nohead:true, lt:0
set :label, 1, "Discontinuity achieved by plotting twice\nwith affine mapped parametric ranges", at:[1.8,0.8], left:true
plot "x1(t)",
["pareto(x1(t), a, b)", ls:1],
"x2(t)",
["pareto(x2(t), a, b)", ls:1]
end
```
### 42
```ruby
# unset arrow 2
# set title "pareto CDF with a = 1, b = 3"
# unset parametric
# set yrange [-0.1: 1.1]
# set arrow 1 from 1.45,0.1 to 1.05,0.01
# set label 1 "Cusp achieved by selecting point\nas part of function samples" at 1.5,0.1 left
# plot cpareto(x, a, b)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :arrow, 2
set title:"pareto CDF with a = 1, b = 3"
unset :parametric
set yrange:-0.1..1.1
set :arrow, 1, from:[1.45,0.1], to:[1.05,0.01]
set :label, 1, "Cusp achieved by selecting point\nas part of function samples", at:[1.5,0.1], left:true
plot "cpareto(x, a, b)"
end
```
### 43
```ruby
# unset label 1
# unset arrow 1
#
# # Poisson PDF and CDF
# mu = 4.0
# sigma = sqrt(mu)
# xmin = int(mu - 4.0 * sigma)
# xmin = xmin < -1 ? -1 : xmin
# xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)
# ymax = 1.1 * poisson(mu, mu) #mode of poisson PDF used
# unset key
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin : xmax]
# set yrange [0 : ymax]
# set xlabel "k ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set ytics 0, ymax / 10, ymax
# set format x "%2.0f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set sample (xmax - xmin) + 1
# set title "poisson PDF with mu = 4.0"
# plot poisson(x, mu) with impulses
Numo.gnuplot do
unset label:1
unset :arrow, 1
run "mu = 4.0"
run "sigma = sqrt(mu)"
run "xmin = int(mu - 4.0 * sigma)"
run "xmin = xmin < -1 ? -1 : xmin"
run "xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * poisson(mu, mu) #mode of poisson PDF used"
unset :key
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"k ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set ytics:'0,ymax/10,ymax'
set format_x:"%2.0f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set sample:'(xmax - xmin)+1'
set title:"poisson PDF with mu = 4.0"
plot "poisson(x, mu)", with:"impulses"
end
```
### 44
```ruby
# set yrange [-0.1 : 1.1]
# set ytics -0.1, 0.1, 1.1
# set title "poisson CDF with mu = 4.0"
# plot cpoisson(x, mu) with steps
Numo.gnuplot do
set yrange:-0.1..1.1
set ytics:[-0.1,0.1,1.1]
set title:"poisson CDF with mu = 4.0"
plot "cpoisson(x, mu)", with:"steps"
end
```
### 45
```ruby
# # Rayleigh PDF and CDF
# lambda = 2.0
# mu = 0.5 * sqrt(pi / lambda)
# sigma = sqrt((1.0 - pi / 4.0) / lambda)
# xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma
# ymax = 1.1 * rayleigh(1.0 / sqrt(2.0 * lambda), lambda) #Mode of rayleigh PDF used
# unset key
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [0: xmax]
# set yrange [0: ymax]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.2f"
# set format y "%.1f"
# set sample 100
# set title "rayleigh PDF with lambda = 2.0"
# plot rayleigh(x, lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "lambda = 2.0"
run "mu = 0.5 * sqrt(pi / lambda)"
run "sigma = sqrt((1.0 - pi / 4.0) / lambda)"
run "xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma"
run "ymax = 1.1 * rayleigh(1.0 / sqrt(2.0 * lambda), lambda) #Mode of rayleigh PDF used"
unset :key
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[0:xmax]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.2f"
set format_y:"%.1f"
set sample:100
set title:"rayleigh PDF with lambda = 2.0"
plot "rayleigh(x, lambda)"
end
```
### 46
```ruby
# set title "rayleigh CDF with lambda = 2.0"
# set yrange [0: 1.1]
# plot crayleigh(x, lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"rayleigh CDF with lambda = 2.0"
set yrange:0..1.1
plot "crayleigh(x, lambda)"
end
```
### 47
```ruby
# # Sine PDF and CDF
# a = 3.2; f = 2.6
# mu = a / 2.0
# sigma = sqrt(a * a / 3.0 * (1.0 - 3.0 / (2.0 * n * n * pi * pi)) - mu * mu)
# xmin = 0.0
# xmax = a - eps
# a = 2; f = 1.0
# ymax = 1.1 * 2.0 / a #Mode of sine PDF used
# set zeroaxis
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.2f"
# set format y "%.1f"
# set sample 250
# set title "sine PDF"
# set key bottom outside
# keystr(a, f) = sprintf("a = %0.1f, f = %0.1f", a, f)
# a1 = 2.0; a2 = 3.25; a3 = 2.75
# f1 = 1.0; f2 = 3.0; f3 = 2.6; f4 = 0.0
# plot [xmin:xmax] [0:ymax] a = a1, f = f1, sine(x, f, a) title keystr(a, f), \
# a = a1, f = f2, sine(x, f, a) title keystr(a, f), \
# a = a2, f = f3, sine(x, f, a) title keystr(a, f), \
# a = a3, f = f4, sine(x, f, a) title keystr(a, f) with steps
Numo.gnuplot do
run "a = 3.2; f = 2.6"
run "mu = a / 2.0"
run "sigma = sqrt(a * a / 3.0 * (1.0 - 3.0 / (2.0 * n * n * pi * pi)) - mu * mu)"
run "xmin = 0.0"
run "xmax = a - eps"
run "a = 2; f = 1.0"
run "ymax = 1.1 * 2.0 / a #Mode of sine PDF used"
set :zeroaxis
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.2f"
set format_y:"%.1f"
set sample:250
set title:"sine PDF"
set :key, :bottom, :outside
run "keystr(a, f) = sprintf(\"a = %0.1f, f = %0.1f\", a, f)"
run "a1 = 2.0; a2 = 3.25; a3 = 2.75"
run "f1 = 1.0; f2 = 3.0; f3 = 2.6; f4 = 0.0"
plot "[xmin:xmax]","[0:ymax]",
"a=a1",
"f=f1",
["sine(x, f, a)", title_nq:'keystr(a, f)'],
"a=a1",
"f=f2",
["sine(x, f, a)", title_nq:'keystr(a, f)'],
"a=a2",
"f=f3",
["sine(x, f, a)", title_nq:'keystr(a, f)'],
"a=a3",
"f=f4",
["sine(x, f, a)", title_nq:'keystr(a, f)', with:"steps"]
end
```
### 48
```ruby
# set title "sine CDF"
# set key top left
# plot [xmin:xmax] [0:1.1] a = a1, f = f1, csine(x, f, a) title keystr(a, f), \
# a = a1, f = f2, csine(x, f, a) title keystr(a, f), \
# a = a2, f = f3, csine(x, f, a) title keystr(a, f), \
# a = a3, f = f4, csine(x, f, a) title keystr(a, f) with steps
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"sine CDF"
set :key, :top, :left
plot "[xmin:xmax]", 0..1.1,
"a=a1",
"f=f1",
["csine(x, f, a)", title_nq:'keystr(a, f)'],
"a=a1",
"f=f2",
["csine(x, f, a)", title_nq:'keystr(a, f)'],
"a=a2",
"f=f3",
["csine(x, f, a)", title_nq:'keystr(a, f)'],
"a=a3",
"f=f4",
["csine(x, f, a)", title_nq:'keystr(a, f)', with:"steps"]
end
```
### 49
```ruby
# # t PDF and CDF
# nu = 20
# mu = 0
# sigma = nu > 2 ? sqrt(nu / (nu - 2.0)) : 1.0
# xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma
# xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma
# ymax = 1.1 * t(mu, nu) #Mode of t PDF used
# set key inside center left title "degrees of freedom"
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin: xmax]
# set yrange [0: ymax]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.2f"
# set sample 100
# set title "t PDF (and Gaussian limit)"
# ks(nu) = sprintf("nu = %d", nu)
# plot t(x, 1) ti ks(1), t(x, 2) ti ks(2), t(x, 4) ti ks(4), t(x, 10) ti ks(10), \
# t(x, 20) ti ks(20), normal(x, 0, 1) ti "normal"
Numo.gnuplot do
run "nu = 20"
run "mu = 0"
run "sigma = nu > 2 ? sqrt(nu / (nu - 2.0)) : 1.0"
run "xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma"
run "xmax = mu + 4.0 * sigma"
run "ymax = 1.1 * t(mu, nu) #Mode of t PDF used"
set :key, :inside, :center, :left, title:"degrees of freedom"
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[0:ymax]"
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.2f"
set sample:100
set title:"t PDF (and Gaussian limit)"
run "ks(nu) = sprintf(\"nu = %d\", nu)"
plot ["t(x, 1)", ti_nq:'ks(1)'],
["t(x, 2)", ti_nq:'ks(2)'],
["t(x, 4)", ti_nq:'ks(4)'],
["t(x, 10)", ti_nq:'ks(10)'],
["t(x, 20)", ti_nq:'ks(20)'],
["normal(x, 0, 1)", ti:"normal"]
end
```
### 50
```ruby
# set title "t CDF (and Gaussian limit)"
# set yrange [0: 1.1]
# plot ct(x, 1) ti ks(1), ct(x, 2) ti ks(2), ct(x, 4) ti ks(4), ct(x, 10) ti ks(10), \
# ct(x, 20) ti ks(20), cnormal(x, 0, 1) ti "normal"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"t CDF (and Gaussian limit)"
set yrange:0..1.1
plot ["ct(x, 1)", ti_nq:'ks(1)'],
["ct(x, 2)", ti_nq:'ks(2)'],
["ct(x, 4)", ti_nq:'ks(4)'],
["ct(x, 10)", ti_nq:'ks(10)'],
["ct(x, 20)", ti_nq:'ks(20)'],
["cnormal(x, 0, 1)", ti:"normal"]
end
```
### 51
```ruby
# # Thanks to [email protected] for telling us about this
# # triangular PDF and CDF
# m = 3.0
# g = 2.0
# mu = m
# sigma = g/sqrt(6.0)
# xmin = m - 1.1*g
# xmax = m + 1.1*g
# ymax = 1.1 * triangular(m, m, g) #Mode of triangular PDF used
# ymin = -ymax/11.0;
# unset key
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin: xmax]
# set yrange [ymin: ymax]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.1f"
# set format y "%.2f"
# set sample 50*1.1*g+1
# set title "triangular PDF with m = 3.0, g = 2.0"
# plot triangular(x, m, g)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "m = 3.0"
run "g = 2.0"
run "mu = m"
run "sigma = g/sqrt(6.0)"
run "xmin = m - 1.1*g"
run "xmax = m + 1.1*g"
run "ymax = 1.1 * triangular(m, m, g) #Mode of triangular PDF used"
run "ymin = -ymax/11.0;"
unset :key
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[ymin:ymax]"
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.1f"
set format_y:"%.2f"
set sample:'50*1.1*g+1'
set title:"triangular PDF with m = 3.0, g = 2.0"
plot "triangular(x, m, g)"
end
```
### 52
```ruby
# set title "triangular CDF with m = 3.0, g = 2.0"
# set yrange [-0.1: 1.1]
# plot ctriangular(x, m, g)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"triangular CDF with m = 3.0, g = 2.0"
set yrange:-0.1..1.1
plot "ctriangular(x, m, g)"
end
```
### 53
```ruby
# # Uniform PDF and CDF
# a = -2.0; b= 2.0
# mu = (a + b) / 2.0
# sigma = (b - a) / sqrt(12.0)
# xmin = a - 0.1*(b - a)
# xmax = b + 0.1*(b - a)
# ymax = 1.1 * uniform(mu, a, b) #No mode
# ymin = -0.1 * uniform(mu, a, b)
# unset key
# set zeroaxis
# set xrange [xmin: xmax]
# set yrange [ymin: ymax]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%.2f"
# set format y "%.2f"
# set sample 120+1
# set title "uniform PDF with a = -2.0, b = 2.0"
# plot uniform(x, a, b) with steps
Numo.gnuplot do
run "a = -2.0; b= 2.0"
run "mu = (a + b) / 2.0"
run "sigma = (b - a) / sqrt(12.0)"
run "xmin = a - 0.1*(b - a)"
run "xmax = b + 0.1*(b - a)"
run "ymax = 1.1 * uniform(mu, a, b) #No mode"
run "ymin = -0.1 * uniform(mu, a, b)"
unset :key
set :zeroaxis
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set yrange:"[ymin:ymax]"
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%.2f"
set format_y:"%.2f"
set sample:'120+1'
set title:"uniform PDF with a = -2.0, b = 2.0"
plot "uniform(x, a, b)", with:"steps"
end
```
### 54
```ruby
# set title "uniform CDF with a = -2.0, b = 2.0"
# set yrange [-0.1 : 1.1]
# plot cuniform(x, a, b)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"uniform CDF with a = -2.0, b = 2.0"
set yrange:-0.1..1.1
plot "cuniform(x, a, b)"
end
```
### 55
```ruby
# # Weibull PDF and CDF
# lambda = 1.0/5; a = 1.0
# mu = 1.0 / lambda * gamma(1.0 / a) / a
# sigma = sqrt(lambda**(-2.0) * (2.0 * gamma(2.0 / a) / a - (gamma(1.0 / a) / a)**2))
# xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma
# xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin
# #Mode of weibull PDF used
# ymax = 1.8 * (a >= 1.0 ? weibull(((a - 1.0) / a)**(1.0 / a) / lambda, a, lambda) : 2.0)
# lambda = 1.0/15; a = 10.0
# mu = 1.0 / lambda * gamma(1.0 / a) / a
# sigma = sqrt(lambda**(-2.0) * (2.0 * gamma(2.0 / a) / a - (gamma(1.0 / a) / a)**2))
# xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)
# set key on title "" inside top right
# set zeroaxis
# set grid
# set xrange [xmin : xmax]
# set xlabel "x ->"
# set ylabel "probability density ->"
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set format x "%g"
# set format y "%g"
# set sample 100
# set title "weibull PDF"
# ks(a,lambda) = sprintf("lambda = 1/%g, a = %0.1f", 1.0/lambda, a)
# a1 = 0.5; a2 = 1.0; a3 = 2.0; a4 = 10.0
# lambda1 = 1.0/5; lambda2 = 1.0/15
# set arrow 1 from 3.8,0.27 to 0.5,weibull(0.5,a1,lambda1)
# set label 1 "a < 1, rate descreasing over time" at 4,0.27 left
# set arrow 2 from 8,0.19 to 6.4,weibull(6.4,a3,lambda1)
# set arrow 3 from 10.5,0.19 to 13,weibull(13,a4,lambda2)
# set label 2 "a > 1, rate increasing over time" at 9,0.2 center
# plot [] [0:ymax] lambda = lambda1, a = a1, weibull(x, a, lambda) ti ks(a, lambda), \
# lambda = lambda1, a = a2, weibull(x, a, lambda) ti ks(a, lambda), \
# lambda = lambda1, a = a3, weibull(x, a, lambda) ti ks(a, lambda), \
# lambda = lambda2, a = a4, weibull(x, a, lambda) ti ks(a, lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "lambda = 1.0/5; a = 1.0"
run "mu = 1.0 / lambda * gamma(1.0 / a) / a"
run "sigma = sqrt(lambda**(-2.0) * (2.0 * gamma(2.0 / a) / a - (gamma(1.0 / a) / a)**2))"
run "xmin = mu - 4.0 * sigma"
run "xmin = xmin < 0 ? 0 : xmin"
run "ymax = 1.8 * (a >= 1.0 ? weibull(((a - 1.0) / a)**(1.0 / a) / lambda, a, lambda) : 2.0)"
run "lambda = 1.0/15; a = 10.0"
run "mu = 1.0 / lambda * gamma(1.0 / a) / a"
run "sigma = sqrt(lambda**(-2.0) * (2.0 * gamma(2.0 / a) / a - (gamma(1.0 / a) / a)**2))"
run "xmax = int(mu + 4.0 * sigma)"
set :key, :on, title:"", inside:true, top:true, right:true
set :zeroaxis
set :grid
set xrange:"[xmin:xmax]"
set xlabel:"x ->"
set ylabel:"probability density ->"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set format_x:"%g"
set format_y:"%g"
set sample:100
set title:"weibull PDF"
run "ks(a,lambda) = sprintf(\"lambda = 1/%g, a = %0.1f\", 1.0/lambda, a)"
run "a1 = 0.5; a2 = 1.0; a3 = 2.0; a4 = 10.0"
run "lambda1 = 1.0/5; lambda2 = 1.0/15"
set :arrow, 1, from:[3.8,0.27], to:"0.5,weibull(0.5,a1,lambda1)"
set :label, 1, "a < 1, rate descreasing over time", at:[4,0.27], left:true
set :arrow, 2, from:[8,0.19], to:"6.4,weibull(6.4,a3,lambda1)"
set :arrow, 3, from:[10.5,0.19], to:"13,weibull(13,a4,lambda2)"
set :label, 2, "a > 1, rate increasing over time", at:[9,0.2], center:true
plot "[]","[0:ymax]",
"lambda=lambda1",
"a=a1",
["weibull(x, a, lambda)", ti_nq:'ks(a, lambda)'],
"lambda=lambda1",
"a=a2",
["weibull(x, a, lambda)", ti_nq:'ks(a, lambda)'],
"lambda=lambda1",
"a=a3",
["weibull(x, a, lambda)", ti_nq:'ks(a, lambda)'],
"lambda=lambda2",
"a=a4",
["weibull(x, a, lambda)", ti_nq:'ks(a, lambda)']
end
```
### 56
```ruby
# unset label 1; unset label 2
# unset arrow 1; unset arrow 2; unset arrow 3
# set key at 9,0.4 center
# set title "weibull CDF"
# plot [] [0:1.1] lambda = lambda1, a = a1, cweibull(x, a, lambda) ti ks(a, lambda), \
# lambda = lambda1, a = a2, cweibull(x, a, lambda) ti ks(a, lambda), \
# lambda = lambda1, a = a3, cweibull(x, a, lambda) ti ks(a, lambda), \
# lambda = lambda2, a = a4, cweibull(x, a, lambda) ti ks(a, lambda)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset label:1; unset label:2
unset :arrow, 1; unset :arrow, 2; unset :arrow, 3
set :key, at:[9,0.4], center:true
set title:"weibull CDF"
plot "[]", 0..1.1,
"lambda=lambda1",
"a=a1",
["cweibull(x, a, lambda)", ti_nq:'ks(a, lambda)'],
"lambda=lambda1",
"a=a2",
["cweibull(x, a, lambda)", ti_nq:'ks(a, lambda)'],
"lambda=lambda1",
"a=a3",
["cweibull(x, a, lambda)", ti_nq:'ks(a, lambda)'],
"lambda=lambda2",
"a=a4",
["cweibull(x, a, lambda)", ti_nq:'ks(a, lambda)']
end
```
## random numbers
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/random.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # random.dem
# #
# # Lattice test for random numbers;
# # If you can see any patterns in this plot, the random number generator
# # is not very good.
# #
# # Copyright (c) 1991, Jos van der Woude, [email protected]
#
# # History:
# # - 6. 6. 2006 ds: added univariate and multivariate normal example
# # - 10. 5. 2006 ds: added univariate and multivariate normal example
# # - ?. ? 1991 jvdw: 1st version
#
# unset key
# set xrange [0: 1]
# set yrange [0: 1]
# set zrange [0: 1]
# set title "Lattice test for random numbers"
# set xlabel "rand(n) ->"
# set ylabel "rand(n + 1) ->"
# set zlabel "rand(n + 2) ->"
# set format x "%3.2f"
# set format y "%3.2f"
# set format z "%3.2f"
# set tics
# set sample 1000
# set style function dots
# set parametric
# plot rand(0), rand(0)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :key
set xrange:0..1
set yrange:0..1
set zrange:0..1
set title:"Lattice test for random numbers"
set xlabel:"rand(n) ->"
set ylabel:"rand(n + 1) ->"
set zlabel:"rand(n + 2) ->"
set format_x:"%3.2f"
set format_y:"%3.2f"
set format_z:"%3.2f"
set :tics
set sample:1000
set :style, :function, :dots
set :parametric
plot "rand(0)",
"rand(0)"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# print "3D plot ahead, one moment please ..."
# set sample 50
# splot rand(0), rand(0), rand(0)
Numo.gnuplot do
set sample:50
splot "rand(0)",
"rand(0)",
"rand(0)"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# print ""
# print "Multivariate normal distribution"
# print ""
# print "The surface plot shows a two variable multivariate probability"
# print "density function. On the x-y plane are some samples of the random"
# print "vector and a contour plot illustrating the correlation, which in"
# print "this case is zero, i.e. a circle. (Easier to view in map mode.)"
# print ""
# nsamp = 50
# # Generate N random data points.
# set print "random.tmp"
# do for [i=1:nsamp] {
# print sprintf("%8.5g %8.5g", invnorm(rand(0)), invnorm(rand(0)))
# }
# unset print
# #
# unset xlabel
# unset ylabel
# unset zlabel
# set parametric
# tstring(n) = sprintf("%d random samples from a 2D Gaussian PDF with\nunit variance, zero mean and no dependence", n)
# set title tstring(nsamp)
# unset key
# set hidden3d
# #set dgrid3d
# set contour
# set view 68, 28, 1, 1
# set cntrparam levels discrete 0.1
# unset clabel
# set xrange [-3:3]
# set yrange [-3:3]
# set zrange [-0.2:0.2]
# set ztics 0,0.05
# set urange [-3:3]
# set vrange [-3:3]
# set ticslevel 0
# set isosamples 30
# splot u,v,( 1/(2*pi) * exp(-0.5 * (u**2 + v**2)) ) with line lc rgb "black", \
# "random.tmp" using 1:2:(-0.2) with points pointtype 7 lc rgb "black"
Numo.gnuplot do
run "nsamp = 50"
run <0)?int1a(x,x/ceil(x/delta)):-int1b(x,-x/ceil(-x/delta))
# int1a(x,d) = (x<=d*.1) ? 0 : (int1a(x-d,d)+(f(x-d)+4*f(x-d*.5)+f(x))*d/6.)
# int1b(x,d) = (x>=-d*.1) ? 0 : (int1b(x+d,d)+(f(x+d)+4*f(x+d*.5)+f(x))*d/6.)
# #
# # integral2_f(x,y) takes two variables; x is the lower limit, and y the upper.
# # calculate the integral of function f(t) from x to y
# integral2_f(x,y) = (xy-d*.5) ? 0 : (int2(x+d,y,d) + (f(x)+4*f(x+d*.5)+f(x+d))*d/6.)
#
# set autoscale
# set title "approximate the integral of functions"
# set samples 50
# set key bottom right
#
# f(x) = exp(-x**2)
#
# plot [-5:5] f(x) title "f(x)=exp(-x**2)", \
# 2/sqrt(pi)*integral_f(x) title "erf(x)=2/sqrt(pi)*integral_f(x)", \
# erf(x) with points
Numo.gnuplot do
run "delta = 0.2"
run "integral_f(x) = (x>0)?int1a(x,x/ceil(x/delta)):-int1b(x,-x/ceil(-x/delta))"
run "int1a(x,d) = (x<=d*.1) ? 0 : (int1a(x-d,d)+(f(x-d)+4*f(x-d*.5)+f(x))*d/6.)"
run "int1b(x,d) = (x>=-d*.1) ? 0 : (int1b(x+d,d)+(f(x+d)+4*f(x+d*.5)+f(x))*d/6.)"
run "integral2_f(x,y) = (xy-d*.5) ? 0 : (int2(x+d,y,d) + (f(x)+4*f(x+d*.5)+f(x+d))*d/6.)"
set :autoscale
set title:"approximate the integral of functions"
set samples:50
set :key, :bottom, :right
run "f(x) = exp(-x**2)"
plot -5..5,
["f(x)", title:"f(x)=exp(-x**2)"],
["2/sqrt(pi)*integral_f(x)", title:"erf(x)=2/sqrt(pi)*integral_f(x)"],
["erf(x)", with:"points"]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# f(x)=cos(x)
#
# plot [-5:5] f(x) title "f(x)=cos(x)", integral_f(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "f(x)=cos(x)"
plot -5..5,
["f(x)", title:"f(x)=cos(x)"],
"integral_f(x)"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set title "approximate the integral of functions (upper and lower limits)"
#
# f(x)=(x-2)**2-20
#
# plot [-10:10] f(x) title "f(x)=(x-2)**2-20", integral2_f(-5,x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"approximate the integral of functions (upper and lower limits)"
run "f(x)=(x-2)**2-20"
plot -10..10,
["f(x)", title:"f(x)=(x-2)**2-20"],
"integral2_f(-5,x)"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# f(x)=sin(x-1)-.75*sin(2*x-1)+(x**2)/8-5
#
# plot [-10:10] f(x) title "f(x)=sin(x-1)-0.75*sin(2*x-1)+(x**2)/8-5", integral2_f(x,1)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "f(x)=sin(x-1)-.75*sin(2*x-1)+(x**2)/8-5"
plot -10..10,
["f(x)", title:"f(x)=sin(x-1)-0.75*sin(2*x-1)+(x**2)/8-5"],
"integral2_f(x,1)"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# # This definition computes the ackermann. Do not attempt to compute its
# # values for non integral values. In addition, do not attempt to compute
# # its beyond m = 3, unless you want to wait really long time.
#
# ack(m,n) = (m == 0) ? n + 1 : (n == 0) ? ack(m-1,1) : ack(m-1,ack(m,n-1))
#
# set xrange [0:3]
# set yrange [0:3]
#
# set isosamples 4
# set samples 4
#
# set title "Plot of the ackermann function"
#
# splot ack(x, y)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "ack(m,n) = (m == 0) ? n + 1 : (n == 0) ? ack(m-1,1) : ack(m-1,ack(m,n-1))"
set xrange:0..3
set yrange:0..3
set isosamples:4
set samples:4
set title:"Plot of the ackermann function"
splot "ack(x, y)"
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set xrange [-5:5]
# set yrange [-10:10]
# set isosamples 10
# set samples 100
# set key top right at 4,-3
# set title "Min(x,y) and Max(x,y)"
#
# #
# min(x,y) = (x < y) ? x : y
# max(x,y) = (x > y) ? x : y
#
# plot sin(x), x**2, x**3, max(sin(x), min(x**2, x**3))+0.5
Numo.gnuplot do
set xrange:-5..5
set yrange:-10..10
set isosamples:10
set samples:100
set :key, :top, :right, at:[4,-3]
set title:"Min(x,y) and Max(x,y)"
run "min(x,y) = (x < y) ? x : y"
run "max(x,y) = (x > y) ? x : y"
plot "sin(x)",
"x**2",
"x**3",
"max(sin(x), min(x**2, x**3))+0.5"
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# # gcd(x,y) finds the greatest common divisor of x and y,
# # using Euclid's algorithm
# # as this is defined only for integers, first round to the nearest integer
# gcd(x,y) = gcd1(rnd(max(x,y)),rnd(min(x,y)))
# gcd1(x,y) = (y == 0) ? x : gcd1(y, x - x/y * y)
# rnd(x) = int(x+0.5)
#
# set samples 59
# set xrange [1:59]
# set auto
# set key default
#
# set title "Greatest Common Divisor (for integers only)"
#
# plot gcd(x, 60) with impulses
Numo.gnuplot do
run "gcd(x,y) = gcd1(rnd(max(x,y)),rnd(min(x,y)))"
run "gcd1(x,y) = (y == 0) ? x : gcd1(y, x - x/y * y)"
run "rnd(x) = int(x+0.5)"
set samples:59
set xrange:1..59
set :auto
set :key, :default
set title:"Greatest Common Divisor (for integers only)"
plot "gcd(x, 60)", with:"impulses"
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# # This definition computes the sum of the first 10, 100, 1000 fourier
# # coefficients of a (particular) square wave.
#
# set title "Finite summation of 10, 100, 1000 fourier coefficients"
#
# set samples 500
# set xrange [-10:10]
# set yrange [-0.4:1.2]
# set key bottom right
#
# fourier(k, x) = sin(3./2*k)/k * 2./3*cos(k*x)
# sum10(x) = 1./2 + sum [k=1:10] fourier(k, x)
# sum100(x) = 1./2 + sum [k=1:100] fourier(k, x)
# sum1000(x) = 1./2 + sum [k=1:1000] fourier(k, x)
#
# plot \
# sum10(x) title "1./2 + sum [k=1:10] sin(3./2*k)/k * 2./3*cos(k*x)", \
# sum100(x) title "1./2 + sum [k=1:100] sin(3./2*k)/k * 2./3*cos(k*x)", \
# sum1000(x) title "1./2 + sum [k=1:1000] sin(3./2*k)/k * 2./3*cos(k*x)"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Finite summation of 10, 100, 1000 fourier coefficients"
set samples:500
set xrange:-10..10
set yrange:-0.4..1.2
set :key, :bottom, :right
run "fourier(k, x) = sin(3./2*k)/k * 2./3*cos(k*x)"
run "sum10(x) = 1./2 + sum [k=1:10] fourier(k, x)"
run "sum100(x) = 1./2 + sum [k=1:100] fourier(k, x)"
run "sum1000(x) = 1./2 + sum [k=1:1000] fourier(k, x)"
plot ["sum10(x)", title:"1./2 + sum [k=1:10] sin(3./2*k)/k * 2./3*cos(k*x)"],
["sum100(x)", title:"1./2 + sum [k=1:100] sin(3./2*k)/k * 2./3*cos(k*x)"],
["sum1000(x)", title:"1./2 + sum [k=1:1000] sin(3./2*k)/k * 2./3*cos(k*x)"]
end
```
## data statistics
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/stats.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Exercise the "stats" command.
# # Skip this demo cleanly if the stats option was not configured.
# #
# if (!strstrt(GPVAL_COMPILE_OPTIONS,"+STATS")) {
# print "No support for stats command"
# } else {
#
# set title "Use of stats command to find min/max/mean before plotting\nOne data column"
#
# set style data line
# set offset 0,0,.5,.5
# set autoscale fix
# set key left Left
#
# stats 'orbital_elements.dat' index 1 using 2 prefix "A"
#
# set arrow 1 from A_index_min, graph 0.1 to A_index_min, A_min fill
# set arrow 2 from A_index_max, graph 0.9 to A_index_max, A_max fill
# set label 1 "min" at A_index_min, graph 0.1 center offset 0,-1
# set label 2 "max" at A_index_max, graph 0.9 center offset 0,1
#
# plot 'orbital_elements.dat' index 1 using 0:2 title " Data" lw 2, \
# A_mean title " Mean"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Use of stats command to find min/max/mean before plotting\nOne data column"
set :style, :data, :line
set offset:[0,0,0.5,0.5]
set autoscale:"fix"
set :key, :left, :Left
stats 'orbital_elements.dat', index:1, using:2, prefix:"A"
set :arrow, 1, from:"A_index_min, graph 0.1", to:"A_index_min, A_min", fill:true
set :arrow, 2, from:"A_index_max, graph 0.9", to:"A_index_max, A_max", fill:true
set :label, 1, "min", at:"A_index_min, graph 0.1", center:true, offset:[0,-1]
set :label, 2, "max", at:"A_index_max, graph 0.9", center:true, offset:[0,1]
plot ["'orbital_elements.dat'", index:1, using:[0,2], title:" Data", lw:2],
["A_mean", title:" Mean"]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set title "Use of stats command to find min/max/mean before plotting\nTwo data columns"
#
# f(x) = log(1+x)
#
# stats 'orbital_elements.dat' index 1 using (f($0)):2 prefix "B"
#
# set arrow 1 from B_pos_min_y, graph 0.1 to B_pos_min_y, B_min_y fill
# set arrow 2 from B_pos_max_y, graph 0.9 to B_pos_max_y, B_max_y fill
# set label 1 "min" at B_pos_min_y, graph 0.1 center offset 0,-1
# set label 2 "max" at B_pos_max_y, graph 0.9 center offset 0,1
#
# plot 'orbital_elements.dat' index 1 using (f($0)):2 title " Data" lw 2, \
# B_mean_y title " Mean", \
# B_slope * x + B_intercept title "Linear fit"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Use of stats command to find min/max/mean before plotting\nTwo data columns"
run "f(x) = log(1+x)"
stats 'orbital_elements.dat', index:1, using:'(f($0)):2', prefix:"B"
set :arrow, 1, from:"B_pos_min_y, graph 0.1", to:"B_pos_min_y, B_min_y", fill:true
set :arrow, 2, from:"B_pos_max_y, graph 0.9", to:"B_pos_max_y, B_max_y", fill:true
set :label, 1, "min", at:"B_pos_min_y, graph 0.1", center:true, offset:[0,-1]
set :label, 2, "max", at:"B_pos_max_y, graph 0.9", center:true, offset:[0,1]
plot ["'orbital_elements.dat'", index:1, using:'(f($0)):2', title:" Data", lw:2],
["B_mean_y", title:" Mean"],
["B_slope *", 'x+B_intercept', title:"Linear fit"]
end
```
## surfaces 1
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/surface1.html)
### 1
```ruby
# set samples 21
# set isosample 11
# set xlabel "X axis" offset -3,-2
# set ylabel "Y axis" offset 3,-2
# set zlabel "Z axis" offset -5
# set title "3D gnuplot demo"
# set label 1 "This is the surface boundary" at -10,-5,150 center
# set arrow 1 from -10,-5,120 to -10,0,0 nohead
# set arrow 2 from -10,-5,120 to 10,0,0 nohead
# set arrow 3 from -10,-5,120 to 0,10,0 nohead
# set arrow 4 from -10,-5,120 to 0,-10,0 nohead
# set xrange [-10:10]
# set yrange [-10:10]
# splot x*y
Numo.gnuplot do
set samples:21
set isosample:11
set xlabel:"X axis", offset:[-3,-2]
set ylabel:"Y axis", offset:[3,-2]
set zlabel:"Z axis", offset:-5
set title:"3D gnuplot demo"
set :label, 1, "This is the surface boundary", at:[-10,-5,150], center:true
set :arrow, 1, from:[-10,-5,120], to:[-10,0,0], nohead:true
set :arrow, 2, from:[-10,-5,120], to:[10,0,0], nohead:true
set :arrow, 3, from:[-10,-5,120], to:[0,10,0], nohead:true
set :arrow, 4, from:[-10,-5,120], to:[0,-10,0], nohead:true
set xrange:-10..10
set yrange:-10..10
splot "x*y"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# unset arrow
# unset label
# set grid
# splot x**2+y**2, x**2-y**2
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :arrow
unset :label
set :grid
splot "x**2+y**2",
"x**2-y**2"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# rep x*y
Numo.gnuplot do
replot "x*y"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# rep (x**3+y**3)/10
Numo.gnuplot do
replot "(x**3+y**3)/10"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set ticslevel 0.0
# set title "3D gnuplot demo ( ticslevel = 0.0 )"
# rep
Numo.gnuplot do
set ticslevel:0.0
set title:"3D gnuplot demo ( ticslevel = 0.0 )"
replot
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set ticslevel 2.0
# set title "3D gnuplot demo ( ticslevel = 2.0 )"
# rep
Numo.gnuplot do
set ticslevel:2.0
set title:"3D gnuplot demo ( ticslevel = 2.0 )"
replot
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# set ticslevel 0.5
# set title "3D gnuplot demo ( ticslevel = 0.5 )"
# rep
Numo.gnuplot do
set ticslevel:0.5
set title:"3D gnuplot demo ( ticslevel = 0.5 )"
replot
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# set title "3D gnuplot demo"
# unset grid
# splot x*y with points
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"3D gnuplot demo"
unset :grid
splot "x*y", with:"points"
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# set xrange [-1:1]
# set yrange [-1:1]
# set title "Surfaces with no grid or tics"
# splot x*y with lines, x**2*y**3 with dots, x**3*y*2 with points
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
set xrange:-1..1
set yrange:-1..1
set title:"Surfaces with no grid or tics"
splot ["x*y", with:"lines"],
["x**2*y**3", with:"dots"],
["x**3*y*2", with:"points"]
end
```
### 10
```ruby
# set xtics ("low" -3, "mid" 0, "high" 3)
# set ytics -2,0.5,2
# set xrange [-3:3]
# set yrange [-3:3]
# set log z
# set title "Surfaces with z log scale"
# splot x**2*y**2 + 2, x**2*y**4 + 2, x**4*y**2 + 2
Numo.gnuplot do
set xtics:'("low" -3, "mid" 0, "high" 3)'
set ytics:[-2,0.5,2]
set xrange:-3..3
set yrange:-3..3
set log:"z"
set title:"Surfaces with z log scale"
splot "x**2*y**2 + 2",
"x**2*y**4 + 2",
"x**4*y**2 + 2"
end
```
### 11
```ruby
# unset log z
# set xtics autofreq
# set ytics autofreq
# set xrange [-1:1]
# set yrange [-1:1]
# set samples 51
# set isosample 21
# set dummy u,v
# set title "3D gnuplot demo"
# splot u*v / (u**2 + v**2 + 0.1)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset log:"z"
set xtics:"autofreq"
set ytics:"autofreq"
set xrange:-1..1
set yrange:-1..1
set samples:51
set isosample:21
set dummy:"u,v"
set title:"3D gnuplot demo"
splot "u*v / (u**2 + v**2 + 0.1)"
end
```
### 12
```ruby
# splot [x=-3:3] [y=-3:3] sin(x) * cos(y)
Numo.gnuplot do
splot "[x=-3:3]","[y=-3:3]",
"sin(x) * cos(y)"
end
```
### 13
```ruby
# set zrange [-1.0:1.0]
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set zrange:-1.0..1.0
replot
end
```
### 14
```ruby
# set title "Sinc function"
# set zrange [-1:1]
# set label 1 "This is equal to 1" at 0,3.2,1 left
# set arrow 1 from 0,3,1 to 0,0,1
# sinc(u,v) = sin(sqrt(u**2+v**2)) / sqrt(u**2+v**2)
# splot [-5:5.01] [-5:5.01] sinc(u,v)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Sinc function"
set zrange:-1..1
set :label, 1, "This is equal to 1", at:[0,3.2,1], left:true
set :arrow, 1, from:[0,3,1], to:[0,0,1]
run "sinc(u,v) = sin(sqrt(u**2+v**2)) / sqrt(u**2+v**2)"
splot -5..5.01, -5..5.01,
"sinc(u,v)"
end
```
### 15
```ruby
# set view 70,20,1
# set zrange [-0.5:1.0]
# set ztics -1,0.25,1
# set label 1 "This is equal to 1" at -5,-2,1.5 centre
# set arrow 1 from -5,-2.1,1.4 to 0,0,1
# splot [-12:12.01] [-12:12.01] sinc(u,v)
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[70,20,1]
set zrange:-0.5..1.0
set ztics:[-1,0.25,1]
set :label, 1, "This is equal to 1", at:[-5,-2,1.5], centre:true
set :arrow, 1, from:[-5,-2.1,1.4], to:[0,0,1]
splot -12..12.01, -12..12.01,
"sinc(u,v)"
end
```
### 16
```ruby
# set title "\"fence plot\" using separate parametric surfaces"
# # A method suggested by Hans-Bernhard Broeker
# # : display a separate parametric
# # surface for each fence.
# set zrange [-1:1]
# unset label
# unset arrow
# set xrange [-5:5]; set yrange [-5:5]
# set arrow from 5,-5,-1.2 to 5,5,-1.2 lt -1
# set label 1 "increasing v" at 6,0,-1
# set arrow from 5,6,-1 to 5,5,-1 lt -1
# set label 2 "u=0" at 5,6.5,-1
# set arrow from 5,6,sinc(5,5) to 5,5,sinc(5,5) lt -1
# set label 3 "u=1" at 5,6.5,sinc(5,5)
# set parametric
# set hidden3d
# set isosamples 2,33
# xx=-5; dx=(4.99-(-4.99))/9
# x0=xx; xx=xx+dx
# x1=xx; xx=xx+dx
# x2=xx; xx=xx+dx
# x3=xx; xx=xx+dx
# x4=xx; xx=xx+dx
# x5=xx; xx=xx+dx
# x6=xx; xx=xx+dx
# x7=xx; xx=xx+dx
# x8=xx; xx=xx+dx
# x9=xx; xx=xx+dx
# splot [u=0:1][v=-4.99:4.99] \
# x0, v, (u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x0,v) notitle, \
# x1, v, (u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x1,v) notitle, \
# x2, v, (u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x2,v) notitle, \
# x3, v, (u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x3,v) notitle, \
# x4, v, (u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x4,v) notitle, \
# x5, v, (u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x5,v) notitle, \
# x6, v, (u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x6,v) notitle, \
# x7, v, (u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x7,v) notitle, \
# x8, v, (u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x8,v) notitle, \
# x9, v, (u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x9,v) notitle
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"\"fence plot\" using separate parametric surfaces"
set zrange:-1..1
unset :label
unset :arrow
set xrange:-5..5; set yrange:-5..5
set :arrow, from:[5,-5,-1.2], to:[5,5,-1.2], lt:-1
set :label, 1, "increasing v", at:[6,0,-1]
set :arrow, from:[5,6,-1], to:[5,5,-1], lt:-1
set :label, 2, "u=0", at:[5,6.5,-1]
set :arrow, from:"5,6,sinc(5,5)", to:"5,5,sinc(5,5)", lt:-1
set :label, 3, "u=1", at:"5,6.5,sinc(5,5)"
set :parametric
set :hidden3d
set isosamples:[2,33]
run "xx=-5; dx=(4.99-(-4.99))/9"
run "x0=xx; xx=xx+dx"
run "x1=xx; xx=xx+dx"
run "x2=xx; xx=xx+dx"
run "x3=xx; xx=xx+dx"
run "x4=xx; xx=xx+dx"
run "x5=xx; xx=xx+dx"
run "x6=xx; xx=xx+dx"
run "x7=xx; xx=xx+dx"
run "x8=xx; xx=xx+dx"
run "x9=xx; xx=xx+dx"
splot "[u=0:1]","[v=-4.99:4.99]",
"x0",
"v",
["(u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x0,v)", :notitle],
"x1",
"v",
["(u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x1,v)", :notitle],
"x2",
"v",
["(u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x2,v)", :notitle],
"x3",
"v",
["(u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x3,v)", :notitle],
"x4",
"v",
["(u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x4,v)", :notitle],
"x5",
"v",
["(u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x5,v)", :notitle],
"x6",
"v",
["(u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x6,v)", :notitle],
"x7",
"v",
["(u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x7,v)", :notitle],
"x8",
"v",
["(u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x8,v)", :notitle],
"x9",
"v",
["(u<0.5) ? -1 : sinc(x9,v)", :notitle]
end
```
### 17
```ruby
# set title "\"fence plot\" using single parametric surface with undefined points"
# # Another method suggested by Hans-Bernhard Broeker
# # : Use parametric variable u to control
# # x, y, and z. u=3*fencenumber+remainder, where the remainder selects
# # one of three types of points:
# # remainder=0: x=xmin+fencenumber*dx, y=v, z=zbase
# # remainder=1: x=xmin+fencenumber*dx, y=v, z=f(x,y)
# # remainder=2: x=xmin+fencenumber*dx, y=v, z=1/0 (undefined)
# set parametric
# unset label
# unset arrow
# xmin=-4.99; xmax=5; n=10; dx=(xmax-xmin)/(n-1.)
# set isosamples 3*n,33
# zbase=-1
# set arrow from 5,-5,-1.2 to 5,5,-1.2 lt -1
# set label 1 "increasing v" at 6,0,-1
# set arrow from -5,-5,-1.2 to 5,-5,-1.2 lt -1
# set label 2 "increasing u" at 0,-5,-1.5
# set arrow from 5,6,-1 to 5,5,-1 lt -1
# set label 3 "floor(u)%3=0" at 5,6.5,-1
# set arrow from 5,6,sinc(5,5) to 5,5,sinc(5,5) lt -1
# set label 4 "floor(u)%3=1" at 5,6.5,sinc(5,5)
# splot [u=.5:3*n-.5][v=-4.99:4.99] \
# xmin+floor(u/3)*dx, v, ((floor(u)%3)==0) ? zbase : \
# (((floor(u)%3)==1) ? sinc(xmin+u/3.*dx,v) : 1/0) notitle
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"\"fence plot\" using single parametric surface with undefined points"
set :parametric
unset :label
unset :arrow
run "xmin=-4.99; xmax=5; n=10; dx=(xmax-xmin)/(n-1.)"
set isosamples:'3*n,33'
run "zbase=-1"
set :arrow, from:[5,-5,-1.2], to:[5,5,-1.2], lt:-1
set :label, 1, "increasing v", at:[6,0,-1]
set :arrow, from:[-5,-5,-1.2], to:[5,-5,-1.2], lt:-1
set :label, 2, "increasing u", at:[0,-5,-1.5]
set :arrow, from:[5,6,-1], to:[5,5,-1], lt:-1
set :label, 3, "floor(u)%3=0", at:[5,6.5,-1]
set :arrow, from:"5,6,sinc(5,5)", to:"5,5,sinc(5,5)", lt:-1
set :label, 4, "floor(u)%3=1", at:"5,6.5,sinc(5,5)"
splot "[u=.5:3*n-.5]","[v=-4.99:4.99]",
"xmin+floor(u/3)*dx",
"v",
["((floor(u)%3)==0) ? zbase : (((floor(u)%3)==1) ? sinc(xmin+u/3.*dx,v) : 1/0)", :notitle]
end
```
### 18
```ruby
# unset hidden3d; unset parametric; set isosamples 20,20
# set xrange [-1:1]; set yrange [-1:1]
# set ztics autofreq
# unset arrow
# unset label
# set log
# set auto
# set title "This has logarithmic scale"
# splot [x=1:15] [y=1:15] x**2+y**2
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :hidden3d; unset :parametric; set isosamples:[20,20]
set xrange:-1..1; set yrange:-1..1
set ztics:"autofreq"
unset :arrow
unset :label
set :log
set :auto
set title:"This has logarithmic scale"
splot "[x=1:15]","[y=1:15]",
"x**2+y**2"
end
```
### 19
```ruby
# unset log
# set xrange [0:15]
# set yrange [0:15]
# set auto
# #set zrange [-0.6:0.7]
# set ticslevel 0
# set style data lines
# set title "Data grid plotting"
# set parametric
# splot "glass.dat"
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :log
set xrange:0..15
set yrange:0..15
set :auto
set ticslevel:0
set :style, :data, :lines
set title:"Data grid plotting"
set :parametric
splot "\"glass.dat\""
end
```
### 20
```ruby
# splot "glass.dat" using 3:2:1
Numo.gnuplot do
splot "\"glass.dat\"", using:[3,2,1]
end
```
### 21
```ruby
# set zrange [-1.2:1.2]
# set ticslevel 0.5
# unset parametric
# set xlabel "line index within group"
# set ylabel "group index"
# splot "glass.dat" using 1, "glass.dat" using 2, "glass.dat" using 3
Numo.gnuplot do
set zrange:-1.2..1.2
set ticslevel:0.5
unset :parametric
set xlabel:"line index within group"
set ylabel:"group index"
splot ["\"glass.dat\"", using:1],
["\"glass.dat\"", using:2],
["\"glass.dat\"", using:3]
end
```
### 22
```ruby
# set title "splot of part of a data file"
# set xlabel "X axis" offset -3,-2
# set ylabel "Y axis" offset 3,-2
# set hidden3d
# splot 'glass.dat' every 2::0::12 with lines
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"splot of part of a data file"
set xlabel:"X axis", offset:[-3,-2]
set ylabel:"Y axis", offset:[3,-2]
set :hidden3d
splot "'glass.dat'", every:"2::0::12", with:"lines"
end
```
### 23
```ruby
# set title "splot with \"set pm3d\" (implemented with some terminals)"
# set pm3d
# set hidden3d
# splot 'glass.dat' every 2::0::12 with lines
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"splot with \"set pm3d\" (implemented with some terminals)"
set :pm3d
set :hidden3d
splot "'glass.dat'", every:"2::0::12", with:"lines"
end
```
### 24
```ruby
# unset hidden3d
# unset pm3d
# set param
# set title "Test of spherical coordinates"
# set mapping spherical
# splot "glass.dat"
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :hidden3d
unset :pm3d
set :param
set title:"Test of spherical coordinates"
set mapping:"spherical"
splot "\"glass.dat\""
end
```
### 25
```ruby
# # mandelbrot demo
# set title "Mandelbrot function"
# unset parametric
# set mapping cartesian
# set view 60,30,1,1
# set auto
# set isosamples 60
# set hidden3d
# compl(a,b)=a*{1,0}+b*{0,1}
# mand(z,a,n) = n<=0 || abs(z)>100 ? 1:mand(z*z+a,a,n-1)+1
# splot [-2:1][-1.5:1.5] mand({0,0},compl(x,y),30)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Mandelbrot function"
unset :parametric
set mapping:"cartesian"
set view:[60,30,1,1]
set :auto
set isosamples:60
set :hidden3d
run "compl(a,b)=a*{1,0}+b*{0,1}"
run "mand(z,a,n) = n<=0 || abs(z)>100 ? 1:mand(z*z+a,a,n-1)+1"
splot -2..1, -1.5..1.5,
"mand({0,0},compl(x,y),30)"
end
```
## surfaces 2
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/surface2.html)
### 1
```ruby
# set parametric
# set isosamples 50,10
# set hidden
# set key below
#
# set title "Parametric Sphere"
# set urange [-pi/2:pi/2]
# set vrange [0:2*pi]
# set ztics nomirror -1.0,0.25,1.0
# set view 45,50
# splot cos(u)*cos(v),cos(u)*sin(v),sin(u)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :parametric
set isosamples:[50,10]
set :hidden
set :key, "below"
set title:"Parametric Sphere"
set urange:"[-pi/2:pi/2]"
set vrange:"[0:2*pi]"
set :ztics, :nomirror, [-1.0,0.25,1.0]
set view:[45,50]
splot "cos(u)*cos(v)",
"cos(u)*sin(v)",
"sin(u)"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set view ,,,0.7
# set title "Parametric Sphere, crunched z axis"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:',,,0.7'
set title:"Parametric Sphere, crunched z axis"
replot
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set view ,,,1.4
# set title "Parametric Sphere, enlarged z axis"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:',,,1.4'
set title:"Parametric Sphere, enlarged z axis"
replot
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set view ,,,1.0
#
# set title "Parametric Torus"
# set urange [0:2*pi]
# set vrange [0:2*pi]
# set zrange [-1:1] # imitate old 'set view' hack
# splot (1-0.2*cos(v))*cos(u),(1-0.2*cos(v))*sin(u),0.2*sin(v)
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:',,,1.0'
set title:"Parametric Torus"
set urange:"[0:2*pi]"
set vrange:"[0:2*pi]"
set zrange:-1..1 # imitate old 'set view' hack
splot "(1-0.2*cos(v))*cos(u)",
"(1-0.2*cos(v))*sin(u)",
"0.2*sin(v)"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set title "Parametric Hexagon"
# set urange [-1.3:1.3]
# set vrange [0:2*pi]
# set autoscale z
# set ticslevel 0. # reserve more space z direction.
# set view ,,0.7,1.4 # crunch xyz, and re-extend z back to full size
# set ztics autofreq
# splot cos(v)**3*cos(u)**3,sin(v)**3*cos(u)**3,sin(u)**3
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Parametric Hexagon"
set urange:-1.3..1.3
set vrange:"[0:2*pi]"
set autoscale:"z"
set ticslevel:0.0 # reserve more space z direction.
set view:',,0.7,1.4' # crunch xyz, and re-extend z back to "full" size
set ztics:"autofreq"
splot "cos(v)**3*cos(u)**3",
"sin(v)**3*cos(u)**3",
"sin(u)**3"
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set view ,,1.,1.
#
# set title "Parametric Helix"
# set isosamples 100,20
# set urange [0:10*pi]
# set vrange [0:2*pi]
# set autoscale z
# splot (1-0.1*cos(v))*cos(u),(1-0.1*cos(v))*sin(u),0.1*(sin(v)+u/1.7-10)
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:',,1.,1.'
set title:"Parametric Helix"
set isosamples:[100,20]
set urange:"[0:10*pi]"
set vrange:"[0:2*pi]"
set autoscale:"z"
splot "(1-0.1*cos(v))*cos(u)",
"(1-0.1*cos(v))*sin(u)",
"0.1*(sin(v)+u/1.7-10)"
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# set title "Parametric Shell (clipped to limited z range)"
# set isosamples 40,20
# set view 50,30,1.0
# set urange [0:2*pi]
# set vrange [0:2*pi]
# set zrange [-3:1.5]
# splot cos(u)*u*(1+cos(v)/2),sin(v)*u/2,sin(u)*u*(1+cos(v)/2)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Parametric Shell (clipped to limited z range)"
set isosamples:[40,20]
set view:[50,30,1.0]
set urange:"[0:2*pi]"
set vrange:"[0:2*pi]"
set zrange:-3..1.5
splot "cos(u)*u*(1+cos(v)/2)",
"sin(v)*u/2",
"sin(u)*u*(1+cos(v)/2)"
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# set autoscale z
# set title "Parametric Shell (automatic z range)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set autoscale:"z"
set title:"Parametric Shell (automatic z range)"
replot
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# set title "Interlocking Tori"
#
# set urange [-pi:pi]
# set vrange [-pi:pi]
# set isosamples 50,20
# splot cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v),sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v),.5*sin(v) with lines, \
# 1+cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v),.5*sin(v),sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v) with lines
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Interlocking Tori"
set urange:"[-pi:pi]"
set vrange:"[-pi:pi]"
set isosamples:[50,20]
splot "cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v)",
"sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v)",
[".5*sin(v)", with:"lines"],
"1+cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v)",
".5*sin(v)",
["sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v)", with:"lines"]
end
```
## contours
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/contours.html)
### 1
```ruby
# set samples 20
# set isosamples 21
# set xlabel "X axis"
# set ylabel "Y axis"
# set zlabel "Z axis" offset 1, 0
# set view 60, 30, 0.85, 1.1
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - contour plot"
# set contour
# splot x*y
Numo.gnuplot do
set samples:20
set isosamples:21
set xlabel:"X axis"
set ylabel:"Y axis"
set zlabel:"Z axis", offset:[1,0]
set view:[60,30,0.85,1.1]
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - contour plot"
set :contour
splot "x*y"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set cntrparam levels 20
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - contour plot (more contours)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :cntrparam, levels:20
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - contour plot (more contours)"
replot
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set cntrparam levels incr -100,10,100
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - contour plot (every 10, starting at -100)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :cntrparam, :levels, incr:[-100,10,100]
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - contour plot (every 10, starting at -100)"
replot
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set cntrparam levels disc -75,-50,0
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - contour plot (at -75, -50, 0)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :cntrparam, :levels, disc:[-75,-50,0]
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - contour plot (at -75, -50, 0)"
replot
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set cntrparam levels auto 10
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - contour plot on base grid"
# set contour base
# splot x**2-y**2
Numo.gnuplot do
set :cntrparam, :levels, auto:10
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - contour plot on base grid"
set contour:"base"
splot "x**2-y**2"
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - contour plot on surface"
# set contour surface
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - contour plot on surface"
set :contour, :surface
replot
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - contour plot on both"
# set contour both
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - contour plot on both"
set contour:"both"
replot
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# set contour base
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - 2 surfaces"
# splot x**2*y**3, x**3*y**2
Numo.gnuplot do
set contour:"base"
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - 2 surfaces"
splot "x**2*y**3",
"x**3*y**2"
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - some more interesting contours"
# splot x*y / (x**2 + y**2 + 0.1)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - some more interesting contours"
splot "x*y / (x**2 + y**2 + 0.1)"
end
```
### 10
```ruby
# splot [x=-3:3] [y=-3:3] sin(x) * cos(y)
Numo.gnuplot do
splot "[x=-3:3]","[y=-3:3]",
"sin(x) * cos(y)"
end
```
### 11
```ruby
# set zrange [-1.0:1.0]
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set zrange:-1.0..1.0
replot
end
```
### 12
```ruby
# set samples 6
# set isosamples 6
# set cntrparam levels 5
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - low resolution (6x6)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set samples:6
set isosamples:6
set :cntrparam, levels:5
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - low resolution (6x6)"
replot
end
```
### 13
```ruby
# set cntrparam bspline
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - low resolution (6x6) using bspline approx."
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :cntrparam, "bspline"
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - low resolution (6x6) using bspline approx."
replot
end
```
### 14
```ruby
# set cntrparam order 8
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - low resolution (6x6) raise bspline order."
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :cntrparam, order:8
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - low resolution (6x6) raise bspline order."
replot
end
```
### 15
```ruby
# set cntrparam linear
# set auto
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - low resolution (6x6) using linear contours."
# splot x*y
Numo.gnuplot do
set :cntrparam, "linear"
set :auto
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - low resolution (6x6) using linear contours."
splot "x*y"
end
```
### 16
```ruby
# set cntrparam order 4
# set cntrparam bspline
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - low resolution (6x6) using bspline approx."
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :cntrparam, order:4
set :cntrparam, "bspline"
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - low resolution (6x6) using bspline approx."
replot
end
```
### 17
```ruby
# set samples 25
# set isosamples 26
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - contour of Sinc function"
# splot [-5:5.01] [-5:5.01] sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2)) / sqrt(x**2+y**2)
Numo.gnuplot do
set samples:25
set isosamples:26
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - contour of Sinc function"
splot -5..5.01, -5..5.01,
"sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2)) / sqrt(x**2+y**2)"
end
```
### 18
```ruby
# splot [-12:12.01] [-12:12.01] sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2)) / sqrt(x**2+y**2)
Numo.gnuplot do
splot -12..12.01, -12..12.01,
"sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2)) / sqrt(x**2+y**2)"
end
```
### 19
```ruby
# set cntrparam levels 10
# set auto
# set zrange [-1.0:1.0]
# set style data lines
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - contour of data grid plotting"
# set parametric
# splot "glass.dat"
Numo.gnuplot do
set :cntrparam, levels:10
set :auto
set zrange:-1.0..1.0
set :style, :data, :lines
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - contour of data grid plotting"
set :parametric
splot "\"glass.dat\""
end
```
### 20
```ruby
# set xrange [0:15]
# set yrange [0:15]
# set zrange [-1.2:1.2]
# unset parametric
# splot "glass.dat" using 1
Numo.gnuplot do
set xrange:0..15
set yrange:0..15
set zrange:-1.2..1.2
unset :parametric
splot "\"glass.dat\"", using:1
end
```
### 21
```ruby
# set view map
# unset surface
# set title "3D gnuplot demo - 2D contour projection of last plot"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:'map'
unset :surface
set title:"3D gnuplot demo - 2D contour projection of last plot"
replot
end
```
### 22
```ruby
# #From: [email protected] (Mingzuo Shen)
# #Subject: Rosenbrock's function: some answers and thanks
# #Date: Wed, 23 Jun 1993 20:50:36 GMT
# #
# # Last night I asked for help with a contour plot for the function:
# #
# # (1-x)**2 + 100 * (y - x**2)**2
# #
# #which should have a minimum at (x=1,y=1). This is the 2D case of a more
# #general function named after Rosenbrock (the book I am reading does not
# #give a reference to any paper/book by this person):
# #
# # for even integer n,
# #
# # f(x) = \sum_{j=1,3,5,\ldots,n} [(1 - x_j)^2 + 100(x_{j+1} - x_j^2)^2]
# #
# #where x is a vector (x1, x2, ..., x_n). This function also have a minimum
# #at (1,1,...,1), which lies at the base of a "banana-shaped valley".
# #Here are the new commands I have tried.
# #
# set auto
# set surface
# unset contour
# set cntrparam levels 5
# set cntrparam linear
# set samples 100
# set logscale z
# set hidden3d
# set isosamples 20
# set view 70,335,1,1
# set xlabel "x"
# set ylabel "y"
# set title "Rosenbrock Function"
# splot [0.9:1.1] [0.9:1.1] (1-x)**2 + 100*(y - x**2)**2
Numo.gnuplot do
set :auto
set :surface
unset :contour
set :cntrparam, levels:5
set :cntrparam, "linear"
set samples:100
set logscale:"z"
set :hidden3d
set isosamples:20
set view:[70,335,1,1]
set xlabel:"x"
set ylabel:"y"
set title:"Rosenbrock Function"
splot 0.9..1.1, 0.9..1.1,
"(1-x)**2 + 100*(y - x**2)**2"
end
```
### 23
```ruby
# set logscale z
# set hidden3d
# set isosamples 60
# set ticslevel 0.
# set view 20,340 #HBB: ,1,2
# set xlabel "x"
# set ylabel "y"
# splot [-1.5:1.5] [-0.5:1.5] (1-x)**2 + 100*(y - x**2)**2
Numo.gnuplot do
set logscale:"z"
set :hidden3d
set isosamples:60
set ticslevel:0.0
set view:[20,340] #HBB: ,1,2
set xlabel:"x"
set ylabel:"y"
splot -1.5..1.5, -0.5..1.5,
"(1-x)**2 + 100*(y - x**2)**2"
end
```
### 24
```ruby
# set contour
# unset surface
# unset ztics
# unset zlabel
# set border 15
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :contour
unset :surface
unset :ztics
unset :zlabel
set border:15
replot
end
```
### 25
```ruby
# set title "All contours drawn in a single color"
# unset clabel
# splot [-1.5:1.5] [-0.5:1.5] (1-x)**2 + 100*(y - x**2)**2 with lines lc rgb "#007700"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"All contours drawn in a single color"
unset :clabel
splot -1.5..1.5, -0.5..1.5,
"(1-x)**2 + 100*(y - x**2)**2", with:"lines", lc_rgb:"#007700"
end
```
## singularities
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/singulr.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # $Id: singulr.dem,v 1.6 2003/10/28 05:35:54 sfeam Exp $
# #
# # Demo that plots some surfaces with singularities.
# # Author: Carsten Steger
# #
# # (x,y,x^2-y^2,2xy) is the graph of w=z^2 in 4-space.
# # Therefore (x^2-y^2,2xy,x,y) is the graph of w=sqrt(z) in 4-space.
# # Coordinates 1, 2, and 3 give the real part of either function,
# # whereas coordinates 1, 2, and 4 give the imaginary part.
# # The same holds for the cube function w=z^3. The graphs are given by
# # (x,y,x^3-3xy^2,3x^2y-y^3) and (x^3-3xy^2,3x^2y-y^3,x,y).
# # And so on...
#
# set parametric
# set hidden3d
# set isosamples 21
# set autoscale
#
# set view 60,30
# set urange [-3:3]
# set vrange [-3:3]
# set title "Real part of complex square root function"
# splot u**2-v**2,2*u*v,u
Numo.gnuplot do
set :parametric
set :hidden3d
set isosamples:21
set :autoscale
set view:[60,30]
set urange:-3..3
set vrange:-3..3
set title:"Real part of complex square root function"
splot "u**2-v**2",
"2*u*v",
"u"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set view 60,210
# set title "Real part of complex square root function (different view)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,210]
set title:"Real part of complex square root function (different view)"
replot
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set view 60,120
# set urange [-3:3]
# set vrange [-3:3]
# set title "Imaginary part of complex square root function"
# splot u**2-v**2,2*u*v,v
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,120]
set urange:-3..3
set vrange:-3..3
set title:"Imaginary part of complex square root function"
splot "u**2-v**2",
"2*u*v",
"v"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set view 60,300
# set title "Imaginary part of complex square root function (different view)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,300]
set title:"Imaginary part of complex square root function (different view)"
replot
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set view 60,30
# set urange [-3:3]
# set vrange [-3:3]
# set title "Real part of complex cube root function"
# splot u**3-3*u*v**2,3*u**2*v-v**3,u
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,30]
set urange:-3..3
set vrange:-3..3
set title:"Real part of complex cube root function"
splot "u**3-3*u*v**2",
"3*u**2*v-v**3",
"u"
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set view 60,210
# set title "Real part of complex cube root function (different view)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,210]
set title:"Real part of complex cube root function (different view)"
replot
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# set view 60,30
# set urange [-3:3]
# set vrange [-3:3]
# set title "Imaginary part of complex cube root function"
# splot u**3-3*u*v**2,3*u**2*v-v**3,v
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,30]
set urange:-3..3
set vrange:-3..3
set title:"Imaginary part of complex cube root function"
splot "u**3-3*u*v**2",
"3*u**2*v-v**3",
"v"
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# set view 60,210
# set title "Imaginary part of complex cube root function (different view)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,210]
set title:"Imaginary part of complex cube root function (different view)"
replot
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# set view 60,30
# set isosamples 31
# set urange [-1:1]
# set vrange [-1:1]
# set title "Real part of complex 4th root function"
# splot u**4-6*u**2*v**2+v**4,4*u**3*v-4*u*v**3,u
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,30]
set isosamples:31
set urange:-1..1
set vrange:-1..1
set title:"Real part of complex 4th root function"
splot "u**4-6*u**2*v**2+v**4",
"4*u**3*v-4*u*v**3",
"u"
end
```
### 10
```ruby
# set view 60,210
# set title "Real part of complex 4th root function (different view)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,210]
set title:"Real part of complex 4th root function (different view)"
replot
end
```
### 11
```ruby
# set view 60,120
# set urange [-1:1]
# set vrange [-1:1]
# set title "Imaginary part of complex 4th root function"
# splot u**4-6*u**2*v**2+v**4,4*u**3*v-4*u*v**3,v
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,120]
set urange:-1..1
set vrange:-1..1
set title:"Imaginary part of complex 4th root function"
splot "u**4-6*u**2*v**2+v**4",
"4*u**3*v-4*u*v**3",
"v"
end
```
### 12
```ruby
# set view 60,300
# set title "Imaginary part of complex 4th root function (different view)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,300]
set title:"Imaginary part of complex 4th root function (different view)"
replot
end
```
### 13
```ruby
# set isosamples 21
# set view 60,20
# set urange [-3:3]
# set vrange [-3:3]
# set title "Enneper's surface"
# splot u-u**3/3+u*v**2,v-v**3/3+v*u**2,u**2-v**2
Numo.gnuplot do
set isosamples:21
set view:[60,20]
set urange:-3..3
set vrange:-3..3
set title:"Enneper's surface"
splot "u-u**3/3+u*v**2",
"v-v**3/3+v*u**2",
"u**2-v**2"
end
```
### 14
```ruby
# set view 60,110
# set title "Enneper's surface (different view)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,110]
set title:"Enneper's surface (different view)"
replot
end
```
### 15
```ruby
# set isosamples 31,11
# set view 60,30
# set title "Moebius strip"
# set urange [0:2*pi]
# set vrange [-0.25:0.25]
# splot (2-v*sin(u/2))*sin(u),(2-v*sin(u/2))*cos(u),v*cos(u/2)
Numo.gnuplot do
set isosamples:[31,11]
set view:[60,30]
set title:"Moebius strip"
set urange:"[0:2*pi]"
set vrange:-0.25..0.25
splot "(2-v*sin(u/2))*sin(u)",
"(2-v*sin(u/2))*cos(u)",
"v*cos(u/2)"
end
```
### 16
```ruby
# set view 60,210
# set title "Moebius strip (view from opposite side)"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,210]
set title:"Moebius strip (view from opposite side)"
replot
end
```
### 17
```ruby
# unset key
# set xrange [-10:10]
# set yrange [-10:10]
# set zrange [-3:3]
# set urange [0:2*pi]
# set vrange [0:2*pi]
# set isosamples 39,60
# set view 60,120
# set title "Klein bottle"
# splot (2*sin(u)*cos(v/2)-sin(2*u)*sin(v/2)+8)*cos(v), \
# (2*sin(u)*cos(v/2)-sin(2*u)*sin(v/2)+8)*sin(v), \
# 2*sin(u)*sin(v/2)+sin(2*u)*cos(v/2)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :key
set xrange:-10..10
set yrange:-10..10
set zrange:-3..3
set urange:"[0:2*pi]"
set vrange:"[0:2*pi]"
set isosamples:[39,60]
set view:[60,120]
set title:"Klein bottle"
splot "(2*sin(u)*cos(v/2)-sin(2*u)*sin(v/2)+8)*cos(v)",
"(2*sin(u)*cos(v/2)-sin(2*u)*sin(v/2)+8)*sin(v)",
"2*sin(u)*sin(v/2)+sin(2*u)*cos(v/2)"
end
```
### 18
```ruby
# set urange [0:2*pi]
# set vrange [0:4*pi/3]
# set isosamples 39,40
# set view 60,20
# set title "Klein bottle with look at the 'inside'"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set urange:"[0:2*pi]"
set vrange:"[0:4*pi/3]"
set isosamples:[39,40]
set view:[60,20]
set title:"Klein bottle with look at the 'inside'"
replot
end
```
### 19
```ruby
# set style data lines
# set xrange [-12:12]
# set yrange [-12:12]
# set zrange [*:*]
# unset hidden3d
# set ticslevel 0.
# set view 50,15 #HBB: ,1,1.7
# set title "Klein bottle, glassblowers' version (look-through)"
# splot "klein.dat"
Numo.gnuplot do
set :style, :data, :lines
set xrange:-12..12
set yrange:-12..12
set zrange:"[*:*]"
unset :hidden3d
set ticslevel:0.0
set view:[50,15] #HBB: ,1,1.7
set title:"Klein bottle, glassblowers' version (look-through)"
splot "\"klein.dat\""
end
```
### 20
```ruby
# set hidden3d
# set view 70,305
# set title "Klein bottle, glassblowers' version (solid)"
# splot "klein.dat"
Numo.gnuplot do
set :hidden3d
set view:[70,305]
set title:"Klein bottle, glassblowers' version (solid)"
splot "\"klein.dat\""
end
```
## hidden surfaces
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/hidden.html)
### 1
```ruby
# set samples 20
# set isosamples 20
# set hidden3d
# set title "Hidden line removal of explicit surfaces"
#
# set xrange [-3:3]
# set yrange [-2:2]
# splot 1 / (x*x + y*y + 1)
Numo.gnuplot do
set samples:20
set isosamples:20
set :hidden3d
set title:"Hidden line removal of explicit surfaces"
set xrange:-3..3
set yrange:-2..2
splot "1 / (x*x + y*y + 1)"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set xrange [-1:1]
# set yrange [-1:1]
# splot x*y / (x**2 + y**2 + 0.1)
Numo.gnuplot do
set xrange:-1..1
set yrange:-1..1
splot "x*y / (x**2 + y**2 + 0.1)"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set view 70,45
# unset contour
# set xrange [-3:3]
# set yrange [-3:3]
# splot sin(x*x + y*y) / (x*x + y*y)
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[70,45]
unset :contour
set xrange:-3..3
set yrange:-3..3
splot "sin(x*x + y*y) / (x*x + y*y)"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set view 60,30
# set xrange [-3:3]
# set yrange [-3:3]
# set zrange [-1:1]
# set ztics -1,0.5,1
# set grid z
# set border 4095
# splot sin(x) * cos(y)
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[60,30]
set xrange:-3..3
set yrange:-3..3
set zrange:-1..1
set ztics:[-1,0.5,1]
set grid:"z"
set border:4095
splot "sin(x) * cos(y)"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# unset grid
# set ztics autofreq
# set border 31
# set view 75,230
# set contour
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :grid
set ztics:"autofreq"
set border:31
set view:[75,230]
set :contour
replot
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set view 80,30,1,1
# set style data lines
# # autoranging loses the verticals
# set xrange [0:15]
# set yrange [0:15]
# splot "glass.dat" using 1
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:[80,30,1,1]
set :style, :data, :lines
set xrange:0..15
set yrange:0..15
splot "\"glass.dat\"", using:1
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# set view 50
# set grid
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set view:50
set :grid
replot
end
```
## pm3d coloring
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/pm3d.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # demo for pm3d splotting
# #
# # This demo can be directly used if your default terminal supports pm3d,
# # like OS/2 Presentation Manager, X11, Linux VGA, Windows.
# # Otherwise you can use the output to postscript, for example:
# # set term push; set term postscript color enhanced
# # set out 'pm3d_demo.ps'
# # load 'pm3d.dem'
# # set out; set term pop
#
# # Prepared by Petr Mikulik
# # History:
# # - 12. 3. 2003 pm: added demo for corners2color
# # - 9. 3. 2002 pm: added demo for ftriangles
# # - 31. 1. 2002 pm: removed pm3d/demo and stand-alone pm3d.dem in demo/
# # - 29. 1. 2002 joze: added demo for the 4th column
# # - 18. 3. 2001 pm: updated for cb-axis
# # - 18.11. 2000 pm: updated for 'set colorbox'
# # - 03. 3. 2000 joze: updated to show new pm3d features
# # - 15. 6. 1999 pm: update for `set pm3d`+`set palette`
# # - 29. 4. 1999 pm: the 1st version, directory pm3d/demo
#
# # print "WARNING: This demo works only on terminals supporting pm3d, i.e. on "
# # print "-------- OS/2 Presentation Manager, X11, Linux VGA, Windows. Please use"
# # print " output to a postscript file otherwise."
#
# set xlabel "x"
# set ylabel "y"
# set key top
# set border 4095
# set xrange [-15:15]
# set yrange [-15:15]
# set zrange [-0.25:1]
# set samples 25
# set isosamples 20
#
# set title "pm3d demo. Radial sinc function. Default options."
# set pm3d; set palette
# #show pm3d
# #show palette
# splot sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2))/sqrt(x**2+y**2)
Numo.gnuplot do
set xlabel:"x"
set ylabel:"y"
set :key, :top
set border:4095
set xrange:-15..15
set yrange:-15..15
set zrange:-0.25..1
set samples:25
set isosamples:20
set title:"pm3d demo. Radial sinc function. Default options."
set :pm3d; set :palette
splot "sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2))/sqrt(x**2+y**2)"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set title "pm3d at s (surface) / ticslevel 0"
# set ticslevel 0
# set pm3d at s
# set cblabel "colour gradient"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"pm3d at s (surface) / ticslevel 0"
set ticslevel:0
set :pm3d, :at, "s"
set cblabel:"colour gradient"
replot
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set title "pm3d at b (bottom)"
# set pm3d at b
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"pm3d at b (bottom)"
set :pm3d, :at, "b"
replot
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set title "unset surface; set pm3d at st (surface and top)"
# unset surface
# set pm3d at st
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"unset surface; set pm3d at st (surface and top)"
unset :surface
set :pm3d, :at, "st"
replot
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# unset cblabel
#
# set title "set pm3d at bstbst (funny combination, only for screen or postscript)"
# set view 50,50
# set pm3d at bstbst
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :cblabel
set title:"set pm3d at bstbst (funny combination, only for screen or postscript)"
set view:[50,50]
set :pm3d, :at, "bstbst"
replot
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set title "gray map"
# set pm3d map
# set palette gray
# set samples 100; set isosamples 100
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"gray map"
set :pm3d, :map
set :palette, "gray"
set samples:100; set isosamples:100
replot
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# set title "gray map, negative"
# set pm3d map
# set palette gray negative
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"gray map, negative"
set :pm3d, :map
set :palette, "gray negative"
replot
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# set title "colour map, using default rgbformulae 7,5,15 ... traditional pm3d (black-blue-red-yellow)"
# set palette color positive
# set pm3d map
# set samples 50; set isosamples 50
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"colour map, using default rgbformulae 7,5,15 ... traditional pm3d (black-blue-red-yellow)"
set :palette, color:"positive"
set :pm3d, :map
set samples:50; set isosamples:50
replot
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# set title "colour, rgbformulae 3,11,6 ... green-red-violet"
# set palette rgbformulae 3,11,6
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"colour, rgbformulae 3,11,6 ... green-red-violet"
set :palette, rgbformulae:[3,11,6]
replot
end
```
### 10
```ruby
# set title "colour, rgbformulae 23,28,3 ... ocean (green-blue-white); OK are also all other permutations"
# set palette rgbformulae 23,28,3
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"colour, rgbformulae 23,28,3 ... ocean (green-blue-white); OK are also all other permutations"
set :palette, rgbformulae:[23,28,3]
replot
end
```
### 11
```ruby
# set title "colour, rgbformulae 30,31,32 ... color printable on gray (black-blue-violet-yellow-white)"
# set palette rgbformulae 30,31,32
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"colour, rgbformulae 30,31,32 ... color printable on gray (black-blue-violet-yellow-white)"
set :palette, rgbformulae:[30,31,32]
replot
end
```
### 12
```ruby
# set title "cubehelix color scheme with monotonic intensity\nD A Green (2011) http://arxiv.org/abs/1108.5083" offset 0,1
# set palette cubehelix
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"cubehelix color scheme with monotonic intensity\nD A Green (2011) http://arxiv.org/abs/1108.5083", offset:[0,1]
set :palette, :cubehelix
replot
end
```
### 13
```ruby
# #test palette
# #pause -1 "Hit return to continue"
#
# set title "rgbformulae 31,-11,32: negative formula number=inverted color"
# set palette rgbformulae 31,-11,32
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"rgbformulae 31,-11,32: negative formula number=inverted color"
set :palette, rgbformulae:[31,-11,32]
replot
end
```
### 14
```ruby
# set yrange [*:*] noreverse
#
# reset
#
# set title "set pm3d scansforward: wrong, because back overwrites front"
# set pm3d
# set palette
# set view 130,10
# set samples 50; set isosamples 50
# set border 4095
# unset surface
# set pm3d at s scansforward
# splot sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2))/sqrt(x**2+y**2)
Numo.gnuplot do
set yrange:"[*:*]", noreverse:true
reset
set title:"set pm3d scansforward: wrong, because back overwrites front"
set :pm3d
set :palette
set view:[130,10]
set samples:50; set isosamples:50
set border:4095
unset :surface
set :pm3d, :at, "s", "scansforward"
splot "sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2))/sqrt(x**2+y**2)"
end
```
### 15
```ruby
# set title "set pm3d scansbackward: correctly looking surface"
# set xlabel
# set border 4095
# set pm3d scansbackward
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"set pm3d scansbackward: correctly looking surface"
set :xlabel
set border:4095
set pm3d:"scansbackward"
replot
end
```
### 16
```ruby
# set title "set hidden3d"
# set samples 30; set isosamples 30
# set hidden3d
# set pm3d
# set surface
# set view 50,220
# set xrange [-2:2]
# set yrange [-2:2]
# splot log(x*x*y*y)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"set hidden3d"
set samples:30; set isosamples:30
set :hidden3d
set :pm3d
set :surface
set view:[50,220]
set xrange:-2..2
set yrange:-2..2
splot "log(x*x*y*y)"
end
```
### 17
```ruby
# unset hidden3d
#
# # draw the surface using pm3d's hidden3d with line type 100
# unset hidden
# unset surface
#
# set title "set pm3d hidden3d : pm3d's much faster hidden3d variant"
# set samples 30; set isosamples 30
# set pm3d
# set style line 100 lt 5 lw 0.5
# set pm3d hidden3d 100
# set view 50,220
# set xrange [-2:2]
# set yrange [-2:2]
# splot log(x*x*y*y)
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :hidden3d
unset :hidden
unset :surface
set title:"set pm3d hidden3d : pm3d's much faster hidden3d variant"
set samples:30; set isosamples:30
set :pm3d
set :style, :line, 100, lt:5, lw:0.5
set :pm3d, :hidden3d, 100
set view:[50,220]
set xrange:-2..2
set yrange:-2..2
splot "log(x*x*y*y)"
end
```
### 18
```ruby
# set pm3d nohidden3d
#
# set title "bad: surface and top are too close together"
# set xrange [-1:1]
# set yrange [-1:1]
# unset hidd
# set zrange [-15:4]
# set ticslevel 0
# set pm3d at st
# splot log(x*x*y*y)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :pm3d, :nohidden3d
set title:"bad: surface and top are too close together"
set xrange:-1..1
set yrange:-1..1
unset :hidd
set zrange:-15..4
set ticslevel:0
set :pm3d, :at, "st"
splot "log(x*x*y*y)"
end
```
### 19
```ruby
# set title "solution: use independent 'set zrange' and 'set cbrange'"
# unset surf
# set cbrange [-15:4]
# set zrange [-15:60]
# splot log(x*x*y*y)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"solution: use independent 'set zrange' and 'set cbrange'"
unset :surf
set cbrange:-15..4
set zrange:-15..60
splot "log(x*x*y*y)"
end
```
### 20
```ruby
# set autoscale cb
#
# set title "color box is on by default at a certain position"
# set samples 20; set isosamples 20
# set autoscale
# set key on
# set pm3d
# set pm3d at s
# set view 60,30
# splot y
Numo.gnuplot do
set :autoscale, :cb
set title:"color box is on by default at a certain position"
set samples:20; set isosamples:20
set :autoscale
set :key, :on
set :pm3d
set :pm3d, :at, "s"
set view:[60,30]
splot "y"
end
```
### 21
```ruby
# set title "color box is on again, now with horizontal gradient"
# set size 0.6,0.6; set origin 0.2,0.25
# set colorbox horizontal
# set colorbox user origin 0.1,0.15 size 0.8,0.1
# set mcbtics 2
# set grid cb
# set cblabel "see cblabel, grid cb, mcbtics, ..."
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"color box is on again, now with horizontal gradient"
set size:[0.6,0.6]; set origin:[0.2,0.25]
set :colorbox, :horizontal
set :colorbox, "user", origin:[0.1,0.15], size:[0.8,0.1]
set "mcbtics", 2
set :grid, :cb
set cblabel:"see cblabel, grid cb, mcbtics, ..."
replot
end
```
### 22
```ruby
# unset cblabel; unset mcbtics; set grid nocb; set colorbox default
#
# set title "color box is switched off"
# unset colorbox
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :cblabel; unset :mcbtics; set :grid, :nocb; set :colorbox, :default
set title:"color box is switched off"
unset :colorbox
replot
end
```
### 23
```ruby
# set title 'using now "set grid back; unset colorbox"'
# unset colorbox
# set pm3d
# set border 895
# set grid back
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:'using now "set grid back; unset colorbox"'
unset :colorbox
set :pm3d
set border:895
set :grid, :back
replot
end
```
### 24
```ruby
# set size 1,1; set origin 0,0
# set grid layerdefault
# set xlabel "X LABEL"
# set ylabel "Y LABEL"
#
# set sample 11; set isosamples 11
# set pm3d map
# set palette
# set colorbox
# set lmargin 0
#
# set pm3d flush begin
# set title "Datafile with different nb of points in scans; pm3d flush begin"
# set pm3d flush begin noftriangles scansforward
# splot 'triangle.dat'
Numo.gnuplot do
set size:[1,1]; set origin:[0,0]
set grid:"layerdefault"
set xlabel:"X LABEL"
set ylabel:"Y LABEL"
set sample:11; set isosamples:11
set :pm3d, :map
set :palette
set :colorbox
set lmargin:0
set :pm3d, "flush begin"
set title:"Datafile with different nb of points in scans; pm3d flush begin"
set :pm3d, "flush begin noftriangles scansforward"
splot "'triangle.dat'"
end
```
### 25
```ruby
# #show pm3d
#
# set title "Datafile with different nb of points in scans; pm3d flush center"
# set pm3d flush center scansforward
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Datafile with different nb of points in scans; pm3d flush center"
set :pm3d, "flush", center:"scansforward"
replot
end
```
### 26
```ruby
# set title "Datafile with different nb of points in scans; pm3d flush end"
# set pm3d flush end scansforward
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Datafile with different nb of points in scans; pm3d flush end"
set :pm3d, "flush end scansforward"
replot
end
```
### 27
```ruby
# set grid front
#
# set pm3d flush begin
# set title "Data with different nb of points in scans; pm3d ftriangles flush begin"
# set pm3d flush begin ftriangles scansforward
# splot 'triangle.dat'
Numo.gnuplot do
set :grid, :front
set :pm3d, "flush begin"
set title:"Data with different nb of points in scans; pm3d ftriangles flush begin"
set :pm3d, "flush begin ftriangles scansforward"
splot "'triangle.dat'"
end
```
### 28
```ruby
# #show pm3d
#
# set title "Data with different nb of points in scans; pm3d ftriangles flush center"
# set pm3d flush center ftriangles scansforward
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Data with different nb of points in scans; pm3d ftriangles flush center"
set :pm3d, "flush", center:"ftriangles scansforward"
replot
end
```
### 29
```ruby
# set title "Data with different nb of points in scans; pm3d ftriangles flush end"
# set pm3d flush end ftriangles scansforward
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Data with different nb of points in scans; pm3d ftriangles flush end"
set :pm3d, "flush end ftriangles scansforward"
replot
end
```
### 30
```ruby
# set title "Using interpolation with datafile; pm3d map interpolate 2,1"
# set pm3d flush begin noftriangles scansforward interpolate 2,1
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Using interpolation with datafile; pm3d map interpolate 2,1"
set :pm3d, "flush begin noftriangles scansforward", interpolate:[2,1]
replot
end
```
### 31
```ruby
# set title "Using interpolation with datafile; pm3d map ftriangles interpolate 10,1"
# set pm3d flush begin ftriangles scansforward interpolate 10,1
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Using interpolation with datafile; pm3d map ftriangles interpolate 10,1"
set :pm3d, "flush begin ftriangles scansforward", interpolate:[10,1]
replot
end
```
### 32
```ruby
# set title "Using interpolation with datafile; pm3d at s ftriangles interpolate 10,1"
# set pm3d flush begin ftriangles scansforward at s interpolate 10,1
# set view 20,20
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Using interpolation with datafile; pm3d at s ftriangles interpolate 10,1"
set :pm3d, "flush begin ftriangles scansforward", at:"s", interpolate:[10,1]
set view:[20,20]
replot
end
```
### 33
```ruby
# reset
#
# set title "only for enhanced terminals: 'set format cb ...'"
# set xlabel "X"
# set ylabel "Y"
# set sample 31; set isosamples 31
# set xrange [-185:185]
# set yrange [-185:185]
# set format cb "%.01t*10^{%T}"
# unset surface
# set border 4095
# set ticslevel 0
# set pm3d at s; set palette gray
# set cblabel "the colour gradient"
# splot abs(x)**3+abs(y)**3
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"only for enhanced terminals: 'set format cb ...'"
set xlabel:"X"
set ylabel:"Y"
set sample:31; set isosamples:31
set xrange:-185..185
set yrange:-185..185
set format_cb:"%.01t*10^{%T}"
unset :surface
set border:4095
set ticslevel:0
set :pm3d, :at, "s"; set :palette, "gray"
set cblabel:"the colour gradient"
splot "abs(x)**3+abs(y)**3"
end
```
### 34
```ruby
# unset cblabel
#
# set pal color
# set xrange [*:*]; set yrange [*:*]
# set title "function 'x+y' using all colors available, 'set pal maxcolors 0'"
# set pal maxcolors 0
# splot x+y
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :cblabel
set :pal, :color
set xrange:"[*:*]"; set yrange:"[*:*]"
set title:"function 'x+y' using all colors available, 'set pal maxcolors 0'"
set :pal, maxcolors:0
splot "x+y"
end
```
### 35
```ruby
# set xrange [*:*]; set yrange [*:*]
# set title "function 'x+y' using only 5 colors, 'set pal maxcolors 5'"
# set pal maxcolors 5
# splot x+y
Numo.gnuplot do
set xrange:"[*:*]"; set yrange:"[*:*]"
set title:"function 'x+y' using only 5 colors, 'set pal maxcolors 5'"
set :pal, maxcolors:5
splot "x+y"
end
```
### 36
```ruby
# set pal maxcolors 0
# unset pm3d
# set surface
# set format z
# set palette
# set title "color lines: 'splot sin(y)/(y) with lines palette'"
# set ticslevel 0
# set border 4095
# set xrange [-10:10]; set yrange [-10:10]
# set hidden3d
# set isosamples 40,40; set samples 40,40
# splot sin(y)/(y) w lines palette
Numo.gnuplot do
set :pal, maxcolors:0
unset :pm3d
set :surface
set format:"z"
set :palette
set title:"color lines: 'splot sin(y)/(y) with lines palette'"
set ticslevel:0
set border:4095
set xrange:-10..10; set yrange:-10..10
set :hidden3d
set isosamples:[40,40]; set samples:[40,40]
splot "sin(y)/(y)", w:"lines", palette:true
end
```
### 37
```ruby
# reset
#
# set title "Demo for clipping of 2 rectangles comes now. The xrange is [0:2]..."
# set pm3d; set palette
# set pm3d map
#
# set xrange [0:2]
# splot 'clip14in.dat'
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Demo for clipping of 2 rectangles comes now. The xrange is [0:2]..."
set :pm3d; set :palette
set :pm3d, :map
set xrange:0..2
splot "'clip14in.dat'"
end
```
### 38
```ruby
# set xrange [0:1.5]
# set yrange [*:*]
# set title "...and now xrange is [0:1.5] and 'set pm3d clip1in'"
# set pm3d clip1in
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set xrange:0..1.5
set yrange:"[*:*]"
set title:"...and now xrange is [0:1.5] and 'set pm3d clip1in'"
set pm3d:"clip1in"
replot
end
```
### 39
```ruby
# set title "...now xrange is [0:1.5] and 'set pm3d clip4in'"
# set pm3d clip4in
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"...now xrange is [0:1.5] and 'set pm3d clip4in'"
set pm3d:"clip4in"
replot
end
```
### 40
```ruby
# reset
#
# sinc(u,v) = sin(sqrt(u**2+v**2)) /sqrt(u**2+v**2)
#
# set sam 40
# set iso 40
#
# set title "pm3d explicit mode --- coloring according to the 4th parameter of 'using'"
# set ticslevel 0
#
# set pm3d at s explicit
#
# # 'binary2' binary u 1:2:(column(3)+column(-1)/20.0):3 w pm3d,
#
# splot \
# 'binary2' binary u 1:2:3:($2+($1+$2)/10) w pm3d, \
# 1+sinc(x*4, y*4) w l
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
run "sinc(u,v) = sin(sqrt(u**2+v**2)) /sqrt(u**2+v**2)"
set sam:40
set iso:40
set title:"pm3d explicit mode --- coloring according to the 4th parameter of 'using'"
set ticslevel:0
set :pm3d, :at, "s", "explicit"
splot ["'binary2'", :binary, u:'1:2:3:($2+($1+$2)/10)', w:"pm3d"],
["1+sinc(x*4, y*4)", w:"l"]
end
```
### 41
```ruby
# set title "coloring according to the 3rd 'using' parameter (left) and to the z-value (bottom)"
# set border 895
# splot \
# 'binary2' binary u 2:(12 - column(3) * 10):1 notitle w lines, \
# 'binary2' binary u (-12 + column(3) * 10):2:1:(-12 + column(3) * 10) notitle w pm3d, \
# 'binary2' binary u 1:2:(column(3) * 10 - 12) notitle w pm3d
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"coloring according to the 3rd 'using' parameter (left) and to the z-value (bottom)"
set border:895
splot ["'binary2'", :binary, u:'2:(12 - column(3) * 10):1', notitle:true, w:"lines"],
["'binary2'", :binary, u:'(-12 + column(3) * 10):2:1:(-12 + column(3) * 10)', notitle:true, w:"pm3d"],
["'binary2'", :binary, u:'1:2:(column(3) * 10 - 12)', notitle:true, w:"pm3d"]
end
```
### 42
```ruby
# reset
#
# print "Plot by pm3d algorithm draws quadrangles filled with color calculated from"
# print "the z- or color-value of the surrounding 4 corners. The following demo shows"
# print "different color spots for a plot with very small number of quadrangles (here"
# print "rectangular pixels). Note that the default option is 'mean'."
#
# set pm3d map
# set iso 4
# set samples 4
# set xrange [0:3]
# set yrange [0:3]
# set cbrange [0:9]
# f(x,y)=2*x+y
# set key off
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# set tics scale 2
# set colorbox horizontal user origin 0.1,0.025 size .8,0.02
#
# # Needed by terminals limited on colors:
# #set palette maxcolors 26
#
# # Note: no more space in the following multiplot to show demo for
# #set pm3d corners2color median
# #set pm3d corners2color geomean
#
# set multiplot
# # Let us do multiplot grid 3x3:
# dx = 1.0/3; dy = 1.0/3;
# set size dx,dy
#
# set origin 0*dx,0*dy
# set title "set pm3d corners2color c1"
# set pm3d corners2color c1
# splot f(x,y)
#
# set origin 2*dx,0*dy
# set title "set pm3d corners2color c2"
# set pm3d corners2color c2
# replot
#
# set origin 0*dx,2*dy
# set title "set pm3d corners2color c3"
# set pm3d corners2color c3
# replot
#
# set origin 2*dx,2*dy
# set title "set pm3d corners2color c4"
# set pm3d corners2color c4
# replot
#
# set origin 0*dx,1*dy
# set title "set pm3d corners2color mean"
# set pm3d corners2color mean
# replot
#
# set origin 2*dx,1*dy
# set title "set pm3d corners2color geomean"
# set pm3d corners2color geomean
# replot
#
# set origin 1*dx,0*dy
# set title "set pm3d corners2color median"
# set pm3d corners2color median
# replot
#
# set origin 1*dx,1*dy
# set title "Original grid points"
# unset pm3d
# set border 0
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# unset colorbox
# #splot x*2+y with points ps 3 pt 5 palette
# splot f(x,y) with linesp ps 3 pt 5 palette
#
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :pm3d, :map
set iso:4
set samples:4
set xrange:0..3
set yrange:0..3
set cbrange:0..9
run "f(x,y)=2*x+y"
set :key, :off
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
set :tics, :scale, 2
set :colorbox, :horizontal, "user", origin:[0.1,0.025], size:[0.8,0.02]
set :multiplot
run "dx = 1.0/3; dy = 1.0/3;"
set size:"dx,dy"
set origin:'0*dx,0*dy'
set title:"set pm3d corners2color c1"
set :pm3d, "corners2color c1"
splot "f(x,y)"
set origin:'2*dx,0*dy'
set title:"set pm3d corners2color c2"
set :pm3d, "corners2color c2"
replot
set origin:'0*dx,2*dy'
set title:"set pm3d corners2color c3"
set :pm3d, "corners2color c3"
replot
set origin:'2*dx,2*dy'
set title:"set pm3d corners2color c4"
set :pm3d, "corners2color c4"
replot
set origin:'0*dx,1*dy'
set title:"set pm3d corners2color mean"
set :pm3d, "corners2color mean"
replot
set origin:'2*dx,1*dy'
set title:"set pm3d corners2color geomean"
set :pm3d, "corners2color geomean"
replot
set origin:'1*dx,0*dy'
set title:"set pm3d corners2color median"
set :pm3d, "corners2color median"
replot
set origin:'1*dx,1*dy'
set title:"Original grid points"
unset :pm3d
set border:0
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
unset :colorbox
splot "f(x,y)", with:"linesp", ps:3, pt:5, palette:true
unset :multiplot
end
```
## pm3d hidden surfaces
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/hidden2.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # PM3D surfaces are not fully included in the calculation of hidden line removal.
# # Older versions of gnuplot allowed you to approximate the correct occlusion
# # by drawing the surface twice, once "with pm3d" to produce the surface you
# # want to show, and once "with lines lt -2" to include the same surface in
# # hidden3d calculations but drawn with invisible lines.
# # Current gnuplot does the approximation for you so the extra copy of the
# # surface is no longer necessary.
# #
# set isosamples 25,25
# set xyplane at 0
# unset key
#
# set palette rgbformulae 31,-11,32
# set style fill solid 0.5
# set cbrange [-1:1]
#
# set title "Mixing pm3d surfaces with hidden-line plots"
#
# f(x,y) = sin(-sqrt((x+5)**2+(y-7)**2)*0.5)
#
# set hidden3d front
# splot f(x,y) with pm3d, x*x-y*y with lines lc rgb "black"
Numo.gnuplot do
set isosamples:[25,25]
set :xyplane, at:0
unset :key
set :palette, rgbformulae:[31,-11,32]
set :style, fill_solid:0.5
set cbrange:-1..1
set title:"Mixing pm3d surfaces with hidden-line plots"
run "f(x,y) = sin(-sqrt((x+5)**2+(y-7)**2)*0.5)"
set :hidden3d, :front
splot ["f(x,y)", with:"pm3d"],
["x*x-y*y", with:"lines", lc_rgb:"black"]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# reset
#
# #
# # Another example of pm3d hidden surface removal,
# # this time using pm3d depth-ordering
# #
# set multiplot title "Interlocking Tori"
# set title "PM3D surface\nno depth sorting"
#
# set parametric
# set urange [-pi:pi]
# set vrange [-pi:pi]
# set isosamples 50,20
#
# set origin -0.02,0.0
# set size 0.55, 0.9
#
# unset key
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# unset ztics
# set border 0
# set view 60, 30, 1.5, 0.9
# unset colorbox
#
# set pm3d scansbackward
# splot cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v),sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v),.5*sin(v) with pm3d, \
# 1+cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v),.5*sin(v),sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v) with pm3d
#
# set title "PM3D surface\ndepth sorting"
#
# set origin 0.40,0.0
# set size 0.55, 0.9
# set colorbox vertical user origin 0.9, 0.15 size 0.02, 0.50
# set format cb "%.1f"
#
# set pm3d depthorder
# splot cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v),sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v),.5*sin(v) with pm3d, \
# 1+cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v),.5*sin(v),sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v) with pm3d
#
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :multiplot, title:"Interlocking Tori"
set title:"PM3D surface\nno depth sorting"
set :parametric
set urange:"[-pi:pi]"
set vrange:"[-pi:pi]"
set isosamples:[50,20]
set origin:[-0.02,0.0]
set size:[0.55,0.9]
unset :key
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
unset :ztics
set border:0
set view:[60,30,1.5,0.9]
unset :colorbox
set pm3d:"scansbackward"
splot "cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v)",
"sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v)",
[".5*sin(v)", with:"pm3d"],
"1+cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v)",
".5*sin(v)",
["sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v)", with:"pm3d"]
set title:"PM3D surface\ndepth sorting"
set origin:[0.40,0.0]
set size:[0.55,0.9]
set :colorbox, :vertical, "user", origin:[0.9,0.15], size:[0.02,0.50]
set format_cb:"%.1f"
set pm3d:"depthorder"
splot "cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v)",
"sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v)",
[".5*sin(v)", with:"pm3d"],
"1+cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v)",
".5*sin(v)",
["sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v)", with:"pm3d"]
unset :multiplot
end
```
## 3D mapping
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/world2.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Plot of location on globe,
# # this time with labels color-coded by explicit 4th input column
# # Requires EAM_DATASTRINGS
# #
# set dummy u,v
# set angles degrees
# set parametric
# set view 60, 136, 1.22, 1.26
# set samples 64,64
# set isosamples 13,13
# set mapping spherical
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# unset ztics
# set border 0
# set title "Labels colored by GeV plotted in spherical coordinate system"
# set urange [ -90.0000 : 90.0000 ] noreverse nowriteback
# set vrange [ 0.00000 : 360.000 ] noreverse nowriteback
# set cblabel "GeV"
# set cbrange [0:8]
# set colorb vert user size 0.02, 0.75
# unset hidden
# splot cos(u)*cos(v),cos(u)*sin(v),sin(u) notitle with lines lt 5, \
# 'world.dat' notitle with lines lt 2, \
# 'srl.dat' using 3:2:(1):1:4 with labels notitle point pt 6 lw .1 left offset 1,0 font "Helvetica,7" tc pal
Numo.gnuplot do
set dummy:"u,v"
set angles:"degrees"
set :parametric
set view:[60,136,1.22,1.26]
set samples:[64,64]
set isosamples:[13,13]
set mapping:"spherical"
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
unset :ztics
set border:0
set title:"Labels colored by GeV plotted in spherical coordinate system"
set urange:-90.0000..90.0000, noreverse:true, nowriteback:true
set vrange:0.00000..360.000, noreverse:true, nowriteback:true
set cblabel:"GeV"
set cbrange:0..8
set :colorb, :vert, "user", size:[0.02,0.75]
unset :hidden
splot "cos(u)*cos(v)",
"cos(u)*sin(v)",
["sin(u)", :notitle, with:"lines", lt:5],
["'world.dat'", :notitle, with:"lines", lt:2],
["'srl.dat'", using:'3:2:(1):1:4', with:"labels", notitle:true, point_pt:6, lw:0.1, left:true, offset:1],
["0", font:"Helvetica,7", tc_pal:true]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set title "Labels with hidden line removal"
# set hidden nooffset
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Labels with hidden line removal"
set :hidden, :nooffset
replot
end
```
## polar coords
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/polar.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Show some of the new polar capabilities.
# #
# unset border
# set clip
# set polar
# set xtics axis nomirror
# set ytics axis nomirror
# unset rtics
# set samples 160
# set zeroaxis
# set trange [0:2*pi]
# set title "Three circles (with aspect ratio distortion)"
# plot .5,1,1.5
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :border
set :clip
set :polar
set :xtics, :axis, :nomirror
set :ytics, :axis, :nomirror
unset :rtics
set samples:160
set :zeroaxis
set trange:"[0:2*pi]"
set title:"Three circles (with aspect ratio distortion)"
plot ".5",
"1",
"1.5"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set title ""
# set key box
#
# plot cos(2*t)
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:""
set :key, :box
plot "cos(2*t)"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# plot 2*sqrt(cos(t)),-2*sqrt(cos(t))
Numo.gnuplot do
plot "2*sqrt(cos(t))",
"-2*sqrt(cos(t))"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# plot sin(4*t),cos(4*t)
Numo.gnuplot do
plot "sin(4*t)",
"cos(4*t)"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set offset 0,0,0,0
#
# set xrange [-5:5]
# set yrange [-5:5]
# plot t/cos(3*t)
Numo.gnuplot do
set offset:[0,0,0,0]
set xrange:-5..5
set yrange:-5..5
plot "t/cos(3*t)"
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set autoscale
#
# plot 1-sin(t)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :autoscale
plot "1-sin(t)"
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# set trange [0:12*pi]
# plot 2*t
Numo.gnuplot do
set trange:"[0:12*pi]"
plot "2*t"
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# butterfly(x)=exp(cos(x))-2*cos(4*x)+sin(x/12)**5
# set samples 800
# set title "Butterfly"
# unset key
# plot butterfly(t)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "butterfly(x)=exp(cos(x))-2*cos(4*x)+sin(x/12)**5"
set samples:800
set title:"Butterfly"
unset :key
plot "butterfly(t)"
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# reset
#
# set polar
# set grid polar
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# set border 0
# set style fill solid 0.5
# set rrange [0.1 : 4]
# set size square
# set key title "bounding radius 2.5"
# set key outside top right samplen 0.7
#
# plot 3.+sin(t)*cos(5*t) with filledcurve above r=2.5 notitle,\
# 3.+sin(t)*cos(5*t) with line
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :polar
set :grid, :polar
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
set border:0
set :style, fill_solid:0.5
set rrange:0.1..4
set size:"square"
set :key, title:"bounding radius 2.5"
set :key, :outside, :top, :right, samplen:0.7
plot ["3.+sin(t)*cos(5*t)", with:'filledcurve above r=2.5', notitle:true],
["3.+sin(t)*cos(5*t)", with:"line"]
end
```
## polar data
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/poldat.html)
### 1
```ruby
# set size square
# set time
# set clip
# set xtics axis nomirror
# set ytics axis nomirror
# unset grid
# unset polar
# set title "Primitive Smith Chart"
# unset key
# set xlabel "Impedance or Admittance Coordinates"
# set para
# set rrange [-0 : 10]
# set trange [-pi : pi]
# set xrange [-1:1]
# set yrange [-1:1]
# tv(t,r) = sin(t)/(1+r)
# tu(t,r) = (cos(t) +r)/(1+r)
# cu(t,x) = 1 + cos(t)/x
# cv(t,x) = (1+ sin(t))/x
# plot cu(t,.1),cv(t,.1),cu(t,.1),-cv(t,.1),\
# cu(t,1),cv(t,1),cu(t,1),-cv(t,1),\
# cu(t,10),cv(t,10),cu(t,10),-cv(t,10),\
# tu(t,.1),tv(t,.1),\
# tu(t,.5),tv(t,.5),\
# tu(t,1),tv(t,1),\
# tu(t,5),tv(t,5),\
# tu(t,10),tv(t,10),\
# cu(t,.5),cv(t,.5),cu(t,.5),-cv(t,.5),\
# tu(t,0),tv(t,0)
Numo.gnuplot do
set size:"square"
#set :time
set :clip
set :xtics, :axis, :nomirror
set :ytics, :axis, :nomirror
unset :grid
unset :polar
set title:"Primitive Smith Chart"
unset :key
set xlabel:"Impedance or Admittance Coordinates"
set :para
set rrange:-0..10
set trange:"[-pi:pi]"
set xrange:-1..1
set yrange:-1..1
run "tv(t,r) = sin(t)/(1+r)"
run "tu(t,r) = (cos(t) +r)/(1+r)"
run "cu(t,x) = 1 + cos(t)/x"
run "cv(t,x) = (1+ sin(t))/x"
plot "cu(t,.1)",
"cv(t,.1)",
"cu(t,.1)",
"-cv(t,.1)",
"cu(t,1)",
"cv(t,1)",
"cu(t,1)",
"-cv(t,1)",
"cu(t,10)",
"cv(t,10)",
"cu(t,10)",
"-cv(t,10)",
"tu(t,.1)",
"tv(t,.1)",
"tu(t,.5)",
"tv(t,.5)",
"tu(t,1)",
"tv(t,1)",
"tu(t,5)",
"tv(t,5)",
"tu(t,10)",
"tv(t,10)",
"cu(t,.5)",
"cv(t,.5)",
"cu(t,.5)",
"-cv(t,.5)",
"tu(t,0)",
"tv(t,0)"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# #cu(t,5),cv(t,5),cu(t,5),-cv(t,5)
# set angles degrees
# set polar
# set grid polar 15.
# unset border
# unset param
# set title "Antenna Pattern"
# set xlabel "Azimuth"
# set ylabel "dBSM"
# set style data line
# set rrange [-200:60]
# set trange [-pi:pi]
# set xrange [-220:220]
# set yrange [-220:220]
# unset xtics
# plot "-" using 1:5,"-"
# # Input data ncmain.d4 generated by genpat2.f:Tx antenna pattern
# # x,y,z of center point B in coord 3
# # -5.12 0 -1.5
# # euler matrix
# # 0 -1 0
# # 0.7071 0 0.7071
# # -0.7071 0 0.7071
# # theta(deg) phi(deg) E-theta(dB) phase E-phi(dB) phase
# 0 0 -200 0 18.992 0
# 2 0 -200 0 18.898 0
# 4 0 -200 0 18.619 0
# 6 0 -200 0 18.152 0
# 8 0 -200 0 17.497 0
# 10 0 -200 0 16.651 0
# 12 0 -200 0 15.614 0
# 14 0 -200 0 14.382 0
# 16 0 -200 0 12.952 0
# 18 0 -200 0 11.32 0
# 20 0 -200 0 9.483 0
# 22 0 -200 0 7.434 0
# 24 0 -200 0 5.169 0
# 26 0 -200 0 2.68 0
# 28 0 -200 0 -0.039 0
# 30 0 -200 0 -2.998 0
# 32 0 -200 0 -6.204 0
# 34 0 -200 0 -9.67 0
# 36 0 -200 0 -13.407 0
# 38 0 -200 0 -17.429 0
# 40 0 -200 0 -21.751 0
# 42 0 -200 0 -26.391 0
# 44 0 -200 0 -31.368 0
# 46 0 -200 0 -36.705 0
# 48 0 -200 0 -42.429 0
# 50 0 -200 0 -48.569 0
# 52 0 -200 0 -55.16 0
# 54 0 -200 0 -62.243 0
# 56 0 -200 0 -69.867 0
# 58 0 -200 0 -78.087 0
# 60 0 -200 0 -86.971 0
# 62 0 -200 0 -96.602 0
# 64 0 -200 0 -107.08 0
# 66 0 -200 0 -118.53 0
# 68 0 -200 0 -131.11 0
# 70 0 -200 0 -145.022 0
# 72 0 -200 0 -160.534 0
# 74 0 -200 0 -177.982 0
# 76 0 -200 0 -195.848 0
# 78 0 -200 0 -199.967 0
# 80 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 82 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 84 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 86 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 88 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 90 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 92 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 94 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 96 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 98 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 100 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 102 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 104 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 106 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 108 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 110 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 112 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 114 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 116 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 118 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 120 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 122 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 124 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 126 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 128 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 130 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 132 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 134 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 136 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 138 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 140 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 142 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 144 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 146 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 148 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 150 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 152 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 154 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 156 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 158 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 160 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 162 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 164 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 166 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 168 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 170 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 172 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 174 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 176 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 178 0 -200 0 -200 0
# 180 0 -200 0 -200 0
# e
# 0 9.0007 -35.926 -71.297 9.0783
# 2 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 4 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 6 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 8 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 10 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 12 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 14 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 16 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 18 -41.802 -37.181 -39.114 -24.83
# 20 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 22 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 24 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 26 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 28 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 30 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 32 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 34 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 36 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 38 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 40 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 42 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 44 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 46 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 48 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 50 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 52 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 54 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 56 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 58 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 60 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 62 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 64 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 66 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 68 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 70 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 72 -41.802 -37.18 -39.114 -24.83
# 74 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 76 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 78 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 80 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 82 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 84 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 86 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 88 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 90 9.0007 -35.926 -71.297 9.0783
# 92 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 94 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 96 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 98 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 100 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 102 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 104 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 106 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 108 -41.802 -37.181 -39.114 -24.83
# 110 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 112 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 114 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 116 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 118 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 120 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 122 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 124 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 126 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 128 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 130 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 132 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 134 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 136 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 138 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 140 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 142 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 144 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 146 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 148 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 150 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 152 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 154 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 156 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 158 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 160 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 162 -41.802 -37.181 -39.114 -24.83
# 164 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 166 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 168 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 170 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 172 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 174 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 176 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 178 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 180 9.0007 -35.926 -71.297 9.0783
# 182 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 184 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 186 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 188 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 190 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 192 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 194 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 196 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 198 -41.802 -37.181 -39.114 -24.83
# 200 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 202 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 204 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 206 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 208 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 210 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 212 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 214 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 216 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 218 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 220 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 222 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 224 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 226 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 228 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 230 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 232 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 234 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 236 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 238 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 240 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 242 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 244 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 246 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 248 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 250 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 252 -41.802 -37.18 -39.114 -24.83
# 254 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 256 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 258 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 260 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 262 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 264 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 266 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 268 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 270 9.0007 -35.926 -71.297 9.0783
# 272 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 274 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 276 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 278 0.13099 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 280 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 282 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 284 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 286 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 288 -41.802 -37.181 -39.114 -24.83
# 290 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 292 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 294 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 296 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 298 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 300 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 302 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 304 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 306 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 308 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 310 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 312 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 314 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 316 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 318 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 320 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 322 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 324 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 326 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 328 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 330 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 332 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 334 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 336 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 338 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 340 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 342 -41.802 -37.181 -39.114 -24.83
# 344 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 346 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 348 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 350 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 352 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 354 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 356 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 358 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 360 9.0007 -35.926 -71.297 9.0783
# 2 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 4 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 6 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 8 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 10 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 12 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 14 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 16 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 18 -41.802 -37.181 -39.114 -24.83
# 20 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 22 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 24 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 26 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 28 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 30 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 32 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 34 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 36 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 38 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 40 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 42 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 44 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 46 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 48 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 50 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 52 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 54 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 56 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 58 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 60 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 62 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 64 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 66 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 68 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 70 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 72 -41.802 -37.18 -39.114 -24.83
# 74 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 76 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 78 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 80 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 82 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 84 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 86 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 88 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 90 9.0007 -35.926 -71.297 9.0783
# 92 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 94 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 96 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 98 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 100 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 102 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 104 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 106 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 108 -41.802 -37.181 -39.114 -24.83
# 110 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 112 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 114 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 116 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 118 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 120 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 122 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 124 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 126 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 128 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 130 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 132 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 134 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 136 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 138 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 140 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 142 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 144 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 146 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 148 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 150 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 152 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 154 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 156 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 158 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 160 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 162 -41.802 -37.181 -39.114 -24.83
# 164 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 166 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 168 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 170 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 172 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 174 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 176 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 178 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 180 9.0007 -35.926 -71.297 9.0783
# 182 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 184 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 186 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 188 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 190 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 192 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 194 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 196 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 198 -41.802 -37.181 -39.114 -24.83
# 200 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 202 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 204 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 206 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 208 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 210 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 212 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 214 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 216 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 218 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 220 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 222 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 224 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 226 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 228 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 230 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 232 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 234 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 236 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 238 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 240 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 242 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 244 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 246 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 248 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 250 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 252 -41.802 -37.18 -39.114 -24.83
# 254 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 256 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 258 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 260 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 262 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 264 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 266 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 268 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 270 9.0007 -35.926 -71.297 9.0783
# 272 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 274 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 276 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 278 0.13099 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 280 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 282 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 284 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 286 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 288 -41.802 -37.181 -39.114 -24.83
# 290 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 292 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 294 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 296 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 298 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 300 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 302 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 304 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 306 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 308 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 310 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 312 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 314 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 316 -39.287 -23.397 -38.646 -6.0943
# 318 -38.418 -14.735 -29.897 -7.6375
# 320 -36.549 -12.197 -27.142 -11.075
# 322 -35.22 -12.594 -27.052 -15.787
# 324 -35.691 -16.286 -29.566 -13.578
# 326 -37.632 -21.69 -37.458 -9.6424
# 328 -33.989 -13.34 -38.93 -7.5039
# 330 -28.216 -8.3757 -29.576 -6.4985
# 332 -24.356 -5.858 -26.299 -6.0712
# 334 -22.103 -4.8803 -25.429 -5.9416
# 336 -21.258 -5.2193 -26.432 -6.2183
# 338 -22.06 -7.1064 -29.743 -7.4312
# 340 -25.979 -11.868 -38.677 -10.86
# 342 -41.802 -37.181 -39.114 -24.83
# 344 -20.405 -10.185 -30.112 -11.564
# 346 -12.849 -3.6543 -26.702 -3.6253
# 348 -7.6407 0.15917 -25.211 0.82257
# 350 -3.4589 2.6769 -24.794 3.8084
# 352 0.131 4.2554 -25.105 5.9101
# 354 3.3053 4.8742 -26.062 7.3795
# 356 6.0696 4.0782 -28.04 8.3501
# 358 8.1667 0.13355 -32.735 8.9007
# 360 9.0007 -35.926 -71.297 9.0783
# e
#
# reset
Numo.gnuplot do
set angles:"degrees"
set :polar
set :grid, :polar, 15.0
unset :border
unset :param
set title:"Antenna Pattern"
set xlabel:"Azimuth"
set ylabel:"dBSM"
set :style, :data, :line
set rrange:-200..60
set trange:"[-pi:pi]"
set xrange:-220..220
set yrange:-220..220
unset :xtics
run <>> Skipping demo <<<\n" ; \
# print "This copy of gnuplot was built without support for plotting images" ; \
# exit ;
#
# print ""
# print "The plotting styles \`image\` and \`rgbimage\` are intended for plotting"
# print "images described in a data file either in the convential ASCII format or"
# print "in a binary format described by the qualifiers \`binary\` and \`using\`."
# print "All pixels have an (x,y) or (x,y,z) coordinate. These values can be"
# print "included in the data file or implicitly determined with the sampling"
# print "\'array\' key word and sampling periods \'dx\' and \'dy\'. The key words"
# print "\'rotate\' and, for 3d plots, \'perpendicular\' control orientation."
# print "\nThe data for this image was stored as RGB triples, one byte per channel,"
# print "without (x,y) coordinate information. This yields a most compact file."
# print "The plotting command is displayed on the graph."
# print ""
# reset
# set title "Larry Ewing's GIMP penguin on vacation basking in\nthe balmy waters off the coast of Murmansk"
# set xrange [-10:137]
# set yrange [-10:157]
# set label "\"I flew here... by plane. Why? For the halibut.\"" at 64,135 center
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flipy format='%uchar' with rgbimage
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Larry Ewing's GIMP penguin on vacation basking in\nthe balmy waters off the coast of Murmansk"
set xrange:-10..137
set yrange:-10..157
set label:"\"I flew here... by plane. Why? For the halibut.\"", at:[64,135], center:true
plot "'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flipy format="%uchar"', with:"rgbimage"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# reset
#
# print ""
# print "Images are typically stored in a file with the first datum being the"
# print "top, left pixel. Without the ability to translate coordinates, the"
# print "the result would be an upside down image."
# print ""
# print "The key word \'array\' means an implied sample array is applied"
# print "to generate the locations of file data using the sampling periods"
# print "dx, dy and dz. The x-dimension is always the contiguous points in"
# print "a binary file. The y-dimension is the line number which is incremented"
# print "upon the x-dimension reaching the line length. The z-dimension is"
# print "the plane number which is incremented upon the y-dimension reaching"
# print "the number of lines per plane."
# print ""
# print "To alter the location of the binary data when displayed via the \'plot\'"
# print "command, use the key word \'rotate\' along with changing the sign of dx, dy"
# print "and dz."
# print ""
# set title "Translations of position variables via 'using'"
# set xrange [-10:275]
# set yrange [-10:300]
# unset key
# set label "\"Time for a dip...\"" at 132,285 center
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flipy center=( 64,201 ) format='%uchar' with rgbimage, \
# 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flipy rotation=-90d center=(201,201) format='%uchar' with rgbimage, \
# 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flip=y rotate=3.1415 center=(201,64) format='%uchar' with rgbimage, \
# 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flip=y rot=0.5pi center=(64,64) format='%uchar' using 1:2:3 with rgbimage
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Translations of position variables via 'using'"
set xrange:-10..275
set yrange:-10..300
unset :key
set label:"\"Time for a dip...\"", at:[132,285], center:true
plot ["'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flipy center=( 64,201 ) format="%uchar"', with:"rgbimage"],
["'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flipy rotation=-90d center=(201,201) format="%uchar"', with:"rgbimage"],
["'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flip=y rotate=3.1415 center=(201,64) format="%uchar"', with:"rgbimage"],
["'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flip=y rot=0.5pi center=(64,64) format="%uchar"', using:[1,2,3], with:"rgbimage"]
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# reset
#
# print ""
# print "There is the ability to plot both color images and palette based"
# print "images. This is controlled by the styles \`image\`, which derives"
# print "color information from the current palette, and \`rgbimage\`,"
# print "which requires three components representing the red, blue and"
# print "green primary color scheme."
# print ""
# print "By the way, if you have a mouse active, click the right button"
# print "inside the image to isolate a portion of the image and see what"
# print "happens."
# print ""
# unset key
# set xrange [-10:137]
# set yrange [-10:157]
# set label 1 "\"I am the penguin, GOO GOO GOO JOOB.\"" at 63,140 center
# set title "Palette mode 'image' used to produce psychedelic bird"
# unset colorbox
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flipy format='%uchar%uchar%uchar' using ($1+$2+$3) with image
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
unset :key
set xrange:-10..137
set yrange:-10..157
set :label, 1, "\"I am the penguin, GOO GOO GOO JOOB.\"", at:[63,140], center:true
set title:"Palette mode 'image' used to produce psychedelic bird"
unset :colorbox
plot "'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flipy format="%uchar%uchar%uchar"', using:'($1+$2+$3)', with:"image"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# reset
#
# print ""
# print "Naturally, as with 3d color surfaces, the palette may be changed."
# print "This is an example of gray scale."
# print ""
# print "Also, notice in the plot command the key word \'flipy\'. This"
# print "means to change the direction of the sample along the y dimension"
# print "and is useful for the situation where images or other data are"
# print "stored in some direction other than that of the Cartesion system."
# print "Alone, \'flipD\' means do flipping in the D (x y or z) direction"
# print "for all records. Individual records can be controlled using the"
# print "syntax \'flipD=#,...,#\', where # is \'0\' or \'1\'."
# print ""
# unset key
# set xrange [-10:137]
# set yrange [-10:157]
# set tics out
# set label 1 "\"This picture was taken by my friend Ansel Adams.\"" at 63,140 center
# set title "The palette can be changed from color to gray scale"
# set palette gray
# unset colorbox
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flipy format='%uchar%uchar%uchar' using ($1+$2+$3)/3 with image
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
unset :key
set xrange:-10..137
set yrange:-10..157
set :tics, :out
set :label, 1, "\"This picture was taken by my friend Ansel Adams.\"", at:[63,140], center:true
set title:"The palette can be changed from color to gray scale"
set :palette, "gray"
unset :colorbox
plot "'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flipy format="%uchar%uchar%uchar"', using:'($1+$2+$3)/3', with:"image"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# unset label 1
#
# print ""
# print "Also, similar to 3d color surface plots, a color box showing the"
# print "palette mapping scheme can be added to the plot. The default"
# print "location is the right edge of the plot. The location can be set"
# print "manually using \`set colorbox\` and \`set margin\`."
# print ""
# print "As a prelude to the next graph, resize the plot window to judge"
# print "the refresh speed of the image drawing routine. Notice that when"
# print "the window is smaller, the image refresh is faster. There is more"
# print "decimation in the data of the original image and less data to plot."
# print "Furthermore, the window continues to refresh at a reasonable rate"
# print "even when the input image size becomes large (e.g., 1024 x 1024)"
# print "because the number of pixels on the screen remains about the same"
# print "while much of the hi resolution data is decimated."
# print ""
# unset key
# set pm3d map
# set xrange [10:117]
# set yrange [10:117]
# set tics out
# set colorbox
# set cbrange [0:255]
# set title "As with 3d color surfaces, a color box may be added to the plot"
# splot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flipy format='%uchar%uchar%uchar' using ($1+$2+$3)/3 with image
Numo.gnuplot do
unset label:1
unset :key
set :pm3d, :map
set xrange:10..117
set yrange:10..117
set :tics, :out
set :colorbox
set cbrange:0..255
set title:"As with 3d color surfaces, a color box may be added to the plot"
splot "'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flipy format="%uchar%uchar%uchar"', using:'($1+$2+$3)/3', with:"image"
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# print ""
# print "The \'rotation\' key word works not only with angles of integer"
# print "multiples of 90 degrees but also arbitrary rotations. When"
# print "constructing an image, Gnuplot verifies that pixel locations"
# print "form a valid grid. Pixel widths are based upon the grid"
# print "spacing. If the image orientation is aligned with the view"
# print "axes, Gnuplot uses an efficient image driver routine. Otherwise,"
# print "individual pixels are drawn using polygon shapes."
# print ""
# print "Resize this window and compare the plot's refresh rate to that of"
# print "the previous and next plot. Notice how in this example if the"
# print "window is small the image refresh does not speed up. Unlike the"
# print "image routine where image data is decimated, all color rectangles"
# print "must be redrawn no matter the size of the output image."
# print ""
# print "Also notice how the center of the image matches the tuple specified"
# print "with the key word \'center\' in the plot command. Before doing the"
# print "rotation, the image's natural center is subtracted, and after doing"
# print "the rotation, the specified center is added."
# print ""
# set key
# set xrange [-10:138]
# set yrange [-10:138]
# set tics out
# set title "Polygons used to draw pixels for rotated images\nNotice the slower refresh rate than for the next plot"
# unset colorbox
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) dx=0.70711 dy=0.70711 flipy rotation=45d center=(63.5,63.5) format='%uchar' using ($1+$2+$3)/3 with image
Numo.gnuplot do
set :key
set xrange:-10..138
set yrange:-10..138
set :tics, :out
set title:"Polygons used to draw pixels for rotated images\nNotice the slower refresh rate than for the next plot"
unset :colorbox
plot "'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) dx=0.70711 dy=0.70711 flipy rotation=45d center=(63.5,63.5) format="%uchar"', using:'($1+$2+$3)/3', with:"image"
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# reset
#
# print ""
# print "The image of this plot is rotated 90 degrees and can utilize the"
# print "efficient image functions of terminal drivers. The plot refresh"
# print "is faster than the previous plot."
# print ""
# print "Furthermore, the image location in this case is specified via the"
# print "\'origin\' key word. As such, the rotation is done about the origin"
# print "as opposed to the center of the image. Notice the difference in"
# print "axis ranges."
# print ""
# unset key
# set xrange [-138:10]
# set yrange [-10:138]
# set tics out
# set title "Terminal image routine used to draw plot rotated about origin\nNotice the faster refresh rate than for the previous plot"
# unset colorbox
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) dx=1 flip=y rotation=0.5pi origin=(0,0) format='%uchar' using ($1+$2+$3)/3 with image
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
unset :key
set xrange:-138..10
set yrange:-10..138
set :tics, :out
set title:"Terminal image routine used to draw plot rotated about origin\nNotice the faster refresh rate than for the previous plot"
unset :colorbox
plot "'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) dx=1 flip=y rotation=0.5pi origin=(0,0) format="%uchar"', using:'($1+$2+$3)/3', with:"image"
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# reset
#
# print ""
# print "Algebraic manipulation of the input variables can select various"
# print "components of the image. Here are three examples where two"
# print "channels--or analogous to the ASCII file, data \"columns\"--are ignored"
# print "This is done by using \`*\` in the format to indicate that a variable"
# print "of a certain size should be discarded. For example, to select the"
# print "green channel, \`%*uchar%uchar%*uchar\` is one alternative."
# print ""
# set size 1.0, 1.0
# set origin 0.0, 0.0
# set multiplot
# set size 0.5,0.48
# set origin 0.0,0.47
# unset key
# set xrange [-0.5:127.5]
# set yrange [-0.5:127.5]
# set tics out
# set label 1 "Selection of the input channels via \`using\`" at 140,160 center
# set title '"I do impersonations..."' offset 0,-0.5
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flip=y format='%uchar' using 1:2:3 with rgbimage
# unset label 1
# set size 0.5,0.48
# set origin 0.5,0.47
# set title '"A cardinal."'
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flip=y format='%uchar%*uchar%*uchar' using 1:(0):(0) with rgbimage
# set size 0.5,0.48
# set origin 0.0,0.0
# set title '"A parrot."'
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flipy format='%*uchar%uchar%*uchar' using (0):1:(0) with rgbimage
# set size 0.5,0.48
# set origin 0.5,0.0
# set title '"A bluebird."'
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flipy format='%*uchar%*uchar%uchar' using (0):(0):1 with rgbimage
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set size:[1.0,1.0]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set :multiplot
set size:[0.5,0.48]
set origin:[0.0,0.47]
unset :key
set xrange:-0.5..127.5
set yrange:-0.5..127.5
set :tics, :out
set :label, 1, "Selection of the input channels via 'using'", at:[140,160], center:true
set title:'"I do impersonations..."', offset:[0,-0.5]
plot "'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flip=y format="%uchar"', using:[1,2,3], with:"rgbimage"
unset label:1
set size:[0.5,0.48]
set origin:[0.5,0.47]
set title:'"A cardinal."'
plot "'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flip=y format="%uchar%*uchar%*uchar"', using:'1:(0):(0)', with:"rgbimage"
set size:[0.5,0.48]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set title:'"A parrot."'
plot "'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flipy format="%*uchar%uchar%*uchar"', using:'(0):1:(0)', with:"rgbimage"
set size:[0.5,0.48]
set origin:[0.5,0.0]
set title:'"A bluebird."'
plot "'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flipy format="%*uchar%*uchar%uchar"', using:'(0):(0):1', with:"rgbimage"
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# reset
#
# print ""
# print "The range of valid pixel values can be set via \`cbrange\`. If the"
# print "\`cbrange\` is in autoscale mode, gnuplot will set the color scale"
# print "range of RGB images to [0:255] (8 bits of color info per channel)."
# print "This is the case in the upper left image. However, the image can be"
# print "saturated by choosing a smaller range, as done in the upper right image."
# print "Expanding the colorbox range will darken the image as in the bottom examples."
# print ""
# set size 1.0, 1.0
# set origin 0.0, 0.0
# set multiplot
# set size 0.5,0.48
# set origin 0.0,0.47
# unset key
# set xrange [-0.5:127.5]
# set yrange [-0.5:127.5]
# set tics out
# set label 1 "Luminance adjustment via \`cbrange\`" at 140,160 center
# set title 'Lake Mendota, "or Wonk-sheck-ho-mik-la!"' offset 0,-0.5
# set cbrange [*:*]
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flipy format='%uchar' using 1:2:3 with rgbimage
# unset label 1
# set size 0.5,0.48
# set origin 0.5,0.47
# set title '"Lucky I brought sunscreen."'
# set cbrange [0:200]
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flip=y format='%uchar' using 1:2:3 with rgbimage
# set size 0.5,0.48
# set origin 0.0,0.0
# set title 'Sunset on the Terrace'
# set cbrange [0:400]
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flip=y format='%uchar' using (1.5*$1):2:3 with rgbimage
# set size 0.5,0.48
# set origin 0.5,0.0
# set title 'Sultry evening'
# set cbrange [0:400]
# plot 'blutux.rgb' binary array=(128,128) flipy format='%uchar' using 1:2:3 with rgbimage, '-' w points pt 7 ps 6 lt -2, '-' w points pt 7 ps 0.65 lt -2
# 110 100
# e
# 10 95
# 38 120
# 82 102
# 26 82
# 93 108
# 41 99
# 123 84
# e
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set size:[1.0,1.0]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set :multiplot
set size:[0.5,0.48]
set origin:[0.0,0.47]
unset :key
set xrange:-0.5..127.5
set yrange:-0.5..127.5
set :tics, :out
set :label, 1, "Luminance adjustment via 'cbrange'", at:[140,160], center:true
set title:'Lake Mendota, "or Wonk-sheck-ho-mik-la!"', offset:[0,-0.5]
set cbrange:"[*:*]"
plot "'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flipy format="%uchar"', using:[1,2,3], with:"rgbimage"
unset label:1
set size:[0.5,0.48]
set origin:[0.5,0.47]
set title:'"Lucky I brought sunscreen."'
set cbrange:0..200
plot "'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flip=y format="%uchar"', using:[1,2,3], with:"rgbimage"
set size:[0.5,0.48]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set title:'Sunset on the Terrace'
set cbrange:0..400
plot "'blutux.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) flip=y format="%uchar"', using:'(1.5*$1):2:3', with:"rgbimage"
set size:[0.5,0.48]
set origin:[0.5,0.0]
set title:'Sultry evening'
set cbrange:0..400
run <>> Skipping demo <<<\n" ; \
# print "This copy of gnuplot was built without support for plotting images" ; \
# exit ;
#
# # Repeat of the 'using.dem' demo, but with binary 2d data. 'using.bin' is
# # in the format int32, int8, int16/100, int8, int16/100, int16/100.
# #
# print ""
# print "Not only can the 2d binary data mode be used for image data."
# print "Here is an example that repeats the \`using.dem\` demo with the"
# print "same data, but stored in binary format of differing sizes. It"
# print "uses different format specifiers within the \'format\' string."
# print "There are machine dependent and machine independent specifiers,"
# print "display by the command \'show datafile binary datasizes\':"
# print ""
# show datafile binary datasizes
# print ""
# set title "Convex November 1-7 1989 Circadian"
# set key left box
# set xrange[-1:24]
# plot 'using.bin' binary format='%*int32%int8%*int16%int8%*int16%*int16' using 1:2 title "Logged in" with impulses,\
# 'using.bin' binary format='%*int32%int8%*int16%int8%*int16%*int16' using 1:2 title "Logged in" with points
Numo.gnuplot do
show :datafile, binary:"datasizes"
set title:"Convex November 1-7 1989 Circadian"
set :key, :left, :box
set xrange:-1..24
plot ["'using.bin'", binary:'format="%*int32%int8%*int16%int8%*int16%*int16"', using:[1,2], title:"Logged in", with:"impulses"],
["'using.bin'", binary:'format="%*int32%int8%*int16%int8%*int16%*int16"', using:[1,2], title:"Logged in", with:"points"]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# reset
#
# print ""
# print "Again, a different format specification for \`using\` can be"
# print "used to select different \"columns\" within the file."
# print ""
# set xrange [1:8]
# set title "Convex November 1-7 1989"
# set key below
# set label "(Weekend)" at 5,25 center
# plot 'using.bin' binary format='%*int32%*int8%int16%int8%*int16%*int16' using ($1/100):2 title "Logged in" with impulses,\
# 'using.bin' binary format='%*int32%*int8%int16%*int8%int16%*int16' using ($1/100):($2/100) t "Load average" with points,\
# 'using.bin' binary format='%*int32%*int8%int16%*int8%*int16%int16' using ($1/100):($2/100) t "%CPU used" with lines
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set xrange:1..8
set title:"Convex November 1-7 1989"
set :key, "below"
set label:"(Weekend)", at:[5,25], center:true
plot ["'using.bin'", binary:'format="%*int32%*int8%int16%int8%*int16%*int16"', using:'($1/100):2', title:"Logged in", with:"impulses"],
["'using.bin'", binary:'format="%*int32%*int8%int16%*int8%int16%*int16"', using:'($1/100):($2/100)', t:"Load average", with:"points"],
["'using.bin'", binary:'format="%*int32%*int8%int16%*int8%*int16%int16"', using:'($1/100):($2/100)', t:"%CPU used", with:"lines"]
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# unset label
# reset
#
# print ""
# print "Here is another example, one repeating the \`scatter.dem\`"
# print "demo. With binary data we cannot have blank lines to"
# print "indicate a break in data, as is done with ASCII files."
# print "Instead, we can specify the record lenths in the command."
# print "In this case, the data file contains the (x,y,z) coordinate"
# print "information, hence implicit derivation of that information"
# print "is not desired. Instead, the record lengths can be specified"
# print "using the keyword \'record\', which behaves the same as"
# print "\'array\' but does not generate coordinates. The command is"
# print "displayed on the graph."
# print ""
# set title "2d binary data example where record length is part of command"
# splot 'scatter2.bin' binary endian=little record=30:30:29:26 using 1:2:3
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :label
reset
set title:"2d binary data example where record length is part of command"
splot "'scatter2.bin'", binary:'endian=little record=30:30:29:26', using:[1,2,3]
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# reset
#
# print ""
# print "For binary data, the byte endian format of the file and of the"
# print "compiler often require attention. Therefore, the key word"
# print "\'endian\' is provided for setting or interchanging byte"
# print "order. The allowable types are \'little\', \'big\', and"
# print "depending upon how your version of Gnuplot was compiled,"
# print "\'middle\' (or \'pdp\') for those still living in the medieval"
# print "age of computers. These types refer to the file's endian."
# print "Gnuplot arranges bytes according to this endian and what it"
# print "determines to be the compiler's endian."
# print ""
# print "There are also the special types \'default\' and \'swap\' (or"
# print "\'swab\') for those who don't know the file type but realize"
# print "their data looks incorrect and want to change the byte read"
# print "order."
# print ""
# print "Here is an example showing the \`scatter.dem\` data plotted"
# print "with correct and incorrect byte order. The file is known"
# print "to be little endian, so the upper left plot is correct"
# print "appearance and the upper right plot is incorrect appearance."
# print "The lower two plots are default and swapped bytes. If the"
# print "plots within the columns match, your compiler uses little"
# print "endian. If diagonal plots match then your compiler uses"
# print "big endian. If neither of the bottom plots matches the"
# print "upper plots, Tux says you're living in the past."
# print ""
# set size 1.0, 1.0
# set origin 0.0, 0.0
# set multiplot
# set size 0.5,0.48
# set origin 0.0,0.47
# unset key
# set label 1 "If plots in columns match, your compiler is little endian" at 100,1200,3.0 center
# set title 'Little endian' offset 0,-0.5
# splot 'scatter2.bin' binary record=30:30:29:26 endian=little using 1:2:3
# unset label 1
# set size 0.5,0.48
# set origin 0.5,0.47
# set title 'Big endian'
# splot 'scatter2.bin' binary record=30:30:29:26 endian=big using 1:2:3
# set size 0.5,0.48
# set origin 0.0,0.0
# set title 'Default'
# splot 'scatter2.bin' binary record=30:30:29:26 endian=default using 1:2:3
# set size 0.5,0.48
# set origin 0.5,0.0
# set title 'Swapped'
# splot 'scatter2.bin' binary record=30:30:29:26 endian=swap using 1:2:3
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set size:[1.0,1.0]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set :multiplot
set size:[0.5,0.48]
set origin:[0.0,0.47]
unset :key
set :label, 1, "If plots in columns match, your compiler is little endian", at:[100,1200,3.0], center:true
set title:'Little endian', offset:[0,-0.5]
splot "'scatter2.bin'", binary:'record=30:30:29:26 endian=little', using:[1,2,3]
unset label:1
set size:[0.5,0.48]
set origin:[0.5,0.47]
set title:'Big endian'
splot "'scatter2.bin'", binary:'record=30:30:29:26 endian=big', using:[1,2,3]
set size:[0.5,0.48]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set title:'Default'
splot "'scatter2.bin'", binary:'record=30:30:29:26 endian=default', using:[1,2,3]
set size:[0.5,0.48]
set origin:[0.5,0.0]
set title:'Swapped'
splot "'scatter2.bin'", binary:'record=30:30:29:26 endian=swap', using:[1,2,3]
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# reset
#
# print ""
# print "This close up of a 2x2 image illustrates how pixels surround the"
# print "sampling grid points. This behavior is slightly different than"
# print "that for pm3d where the four grid points would be used to create"
# print "a single polygon element using an average, or similar mathematical"
# print "combination, of the four values at those points."
# print ""
# set title "Close up of pixels having grid points (0,0), (0,2), (2,0) and (2,2)"
# set xrange [-1.5:3.5]
# set yrange [-1.5:3.5]
# set cbrange [0:1]
# unset key
# plot '-' with rgbimage, '-' with points pt 7 ps 2 lt -1
# 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.5
# 0 2 0.0 0.5 0.0
# 2 0 0.0 0.5 0.0
# 2 2 0.0 0.0 0.5
# e
# 0 0
# 0 2
# 2 0
# 2 2
# e
# reset
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Close up of pixels having grid points (0,0), (0,2), (2,0) and (2,2)"
set xrange:-1.5..3.5
set yrange:-1.5..3.5
set cbrange:0..1
unset :key
run < 400 ? 0 : 255
#
# plot 100.*(.4+sin(x/5.)/(x/5.)) lw 5 title 'solid line', \
# 'lena.rgb' binary array=(128,128) format="%uchar" flipy using 1:2:3:(focus(70,50)) \
# with rgbalpha title "Lena with circular mask"
Numo.gnuplot do
run "focus(x,y) = ((column(0)-x)**2 + (column(-1)-(127-y))**2) > 400 ? 0 : 255"
plot ["100.*(.4+sin(x/5.)/(x/5.))", lw:5, title:'solid line'],
["'lena.rgb'", binary:'array=(128,128) format="%uchar" flipy', using:'1:2:3:(focus(70,50))', with:"rgbalpha", title:"Lena with circular mask"]
end
```
## bar chart art
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/barchart_art.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Demo of using rescaled images to construct a bar chart
# #
# if (!strstrt(GPVAL_COMPILE_OPTIONS,"+GD_PNG")) \
# print ">>> Skipping demo <<<\n" ; \
# print "This copy of gnuplot was built without support for loading png images" ;\
# exit ;
#
# reset
# set title "Building Code Height Limits"
# unset key
#
# set xrange [ -10 : 160 ]
# set yrange [ 0 : 200 ]
# set y2range[ 0 : 200 ]
#
# set y2tics
# set grid y
#
# set xtics ("NE" 12.0, "S" 42.0, "Downtown" 72.0, "Suburbs" 127.0) scale 0.0
#
# plot 'bldg.png' binary filetype=png origin=(60,0) dx=0.5 dy=1.5 with rgbimage, \
# 'bldg.png' binary filetype=png origin=(0,0) dx=0.5 dy=1 with rgbimage, \
# 'bldg.png' binary filetype=png origin=(30,0) dx=0.5 dy=0.7 with rgbimage, \
# 'bldg.png' binary filetype=png origin=(100,0) dx=0.5 dy=0.35 with rgbimage, \
# 'bldg.png' binary filetype=png origin=(125,0) dx=0.5 dy=0.35 with rgbimage
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Building Code Height Limits"
unset :key
set xrange:-10..160
set yrange:0..200
set y2range:0..200
set :y2tics
set grid:"y"
set xtics:'("NE" 12.0, "S" 42.0, "Downtown" 72.0, "Suburbs" 127.0)', scale:0.0
plot ["'bldg.png'", binary:'filetype=png origin=(60,0) dx=0.5 dy=1.5', with:"rgbimage"],
["'bldg.png'", binary:'filetype=png origin=(0,0) dx=0.5 dy=1', with:"rgbimage"],
["'bldg.png'", binary:'filetype=png origin=(30,0) dx=0.5 dy=0.7', with:"rgbimage"],
["'bldg.png'", binary:'filetype=png origin=(100,0) dx=0.5 dy=0.35', with:"rgbimage"],
["'bldg.png'", binary:'filetype=png origin=(125,0) dx=0.5 dy=0.35', with:"rgbimage"]
end
```
## user-defined colors
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/rainbow.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Demonstrate use of pm3d palette colors for 2D plots
# # terminal-independent color choices
# #
# reset
# #
# set title "Terminal-independent RGB colors in 2D"
# set xlabel "Implemented using built-in rgb color names\n(only works for terminals that can do full rgb color)"
# #
# set xrange [-0.5:3.5]
# set yrange [-1:1.4]
# set bmargin 7
# unset ytics
# unset xtics
# #
# # define line styles using explicit rgbcolor names
# #
# set style line 1 lt rgb "red" lw 3
# set style line 2 lt rgb "orange" lw 2
# set style line 3 lt rgb "yellow" lw 3
# set style line 4 lt rgb "green" lw 2
# set style line 5 lt rgb "cyan" lw 3
# set style line 6 lt rgb "blue" lw 2
# set style line 7 lt rgb "violet" lw 3
# #
# set label 1 'set style line 1 lt rgb "red" lw 3' at -0.4, -0.25 tc rgb "red"
# set label 2 'set style line 2 lt rgb "orange" lw 2' at -0.4, -0.35 tc rgb "orange"
# set label 3 'set style line 3 lt rgb "yellow" lw 3' at -0.4, -0.45 tc rgb "yellow"
# set label 4 'set style line 4 lt rgb "green" lw 2' at -0.4, -0.55 tc rgb "green"
# set label 5 'set style line 5 lt rgb "cyan" lw 3' at -0.4, -0.65 tc rgb "cyan"
# set label 6 'set style line 6 lt rgb "blue" lw 2' at -0.4, -0.75 tc rgb "blue"
# set label 7 'set style line 7 lt rgb "violet" lw 3' at -0.4, -0.85 tc rgb "violet"
# #
# print ''
# print '# These are the input commands'
# print ''
# print ' set style line 1 lt rgb "red" lw 3'
# print ' set style line 2 lt rgb "orange" lw 2'
# print ' set style line 3 lt rgb "yellow" lw 3'
# print ' set style line 4 lt rgb "green" lw 2'
# print ' set style line 5 lt rgb "cyan" lw 3'
# print ' set style line 6 lt rgb "blue" lw 2'
# print ' set style line 7 lt rgb "violet" lw 3'
# print ''
# print '# And this is the result'
# #
# show style line
# #
# # draw some plots
# #
# plot cos(x) ls 1 title 'red', \
# cos(x-.2) ls 2 title 'orange',\
# cos(x-.4) ls 3 title 'yellow',\
# cos(x-.6) ls 4 title 'green', \
# cos(x-.8) ls 5 title 'cyan', \
# cos(x-1.) ls 6 title 'blue', \
# cos(x-1.2) ls 7 title 'violet'
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Terminal-independent RGB colors in 2D"
set xlabel:"Implemented using built-in rgb color names\n(only works for terminals that can do full rgb color)"
set xrange:-0.5..3.5
set yrange:-1..1.4
set bmargin:7
unset :ytics
unset :xtics
set :style, :line, 1, lt_rgb:"red", lw:3
set :style, :line, 2, lt_rgb:"orange", lw:2
set :style, :line, 3, lt_rgb:"yellow", lw:3
set :style, :line, 4, lt_rgb:"green", lw:2
set :style, :line, 5, lt_rgb:"cyan", lw:3
set :style, :line, 6, lt_rgb:"blue", lw:2
set :style, :line, 7, lt_rgb:"violet", lw:3
set :label, 1, 'set style line 1 lt rgb "red" lw 3', at:[-0.4,-0.25], tc_rgb:"red"
set :label, 2, 'set style line 2 lt rgb "orange" lw 2', at:[-0.4,-0.35], tc_rgb:"orange"
set :label, 3, 'set style line 3 lt rgb "yellow" lw 3', at:[-0.4,-0.45], tc_rgb:"yellow"
set :label, 4, 'set style line 4 lt rgb "green" lw 2', at:[-0.4,-0.55], tc_rgb:"green"
set :label, 5, 'set style line 5 lt rgb "cyan" lw 3', at:[-0.4,-0.65], tc_rgb:"cyan"
set :label, 6, 'set style line 6 lt rgb "blue" lw 2', at:[-0.4,-0.75], tc_rgb:"blue"
set :label, 7, 'set style line 7 lt rgb "violet" lw 3', at:[-0.4,-0.85], tc_rgb:"violet"
show :style, :line
plot ["cos(x)", ls:1, title:'red'],
["cos(x-.2)", ls:2, title:'orange'],
["cos(x-.4)", ls:3, title:'yellow'],
["cos(x-.6)", ls:4, title:'green'],
["cos(x-.8)", ls:5, title:'cyan'],
["cos(x-1.)", ls:6, title:'blue'],
["cos(x-1.2)", ls:7, title:'violet']
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# if ((GPVAL_VERSION == 4.3 || GPVAL_VERSION == 4.2) \
# && (!strstrt(GPVAL_COMPILE_OPTIONS,"+MACROS"))) \
# print ">>> Skipping demo <<<\n" ; \
# print "This copy of gnuplot was built without support for macro substitution\n" ; \
# exit ;
#
# set title "Terminal-independent palette colors in 2D\nImplemented using command line macros referring to a fixed HSV palette"
# set colorbox horizontal user origin .1,.08 size .8,.05
# set xlabel 'HSV color wheel'
# #
# unset label 1
# unset label 2
# unset label 3
# unset label 4
# unset label 5
# unset label 6
# unset label 7
# #
# # Load terminal-independent colorwheel (HSV full saturation)
# #
# load 'colorwheel.dem'
# #
# # define line styles using macros and a fixed palette
# #
# set style line 1 @red lw 3
# set style line 2 @orange lw 2
# set style line 3 @yellow lw 3
# set style line 4 @green lw 2
# set style line 5 @cyan lw 3
# set style line 6 @blue lw 2
# set style line 7 @violet lw 3
#
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Terminal-independent palette colors in 2D\nImplemented using command line macros referring to a fixed HSV palette"
set :colorbox, :horizontal, "user", origin:[0.1,0.08], size:[0.8,0.05]
set xlabel:'HSV color wheel'
unset label:1
unset label:2
unset label:3
unset label:4
unset label:5
unset label:6
unset label:7
load 'colorwheel.dem'
set :style, :line, 1, '@red', lw:3
set :style, :line, 2, '@orange', lw:2
set :style, :line, 3, '@yellow', lw:3
set :style, :line, 4, '@green', lw:2
set :style, :line, 5, '@cyan', lw:3
set :style, :line, 6, '@blue', lw:2
set :style, :line, 7, '@violet', lw:3
replot
end
```
## RGB coloring
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/rgb_variable.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Demo of reading color information from the data file itself
# #
#
# #
# rgb(r,g,b) = int(r)*65536 + int(g)*256 + int(b)
#
# #
# set border 0
# unset xtics; unset ytics; unset ztics
# set rmargin 5; set lmargin 5; set bmargin 2
#
# set angle degrees
# xrgb(r,g,b) = (g-b)/255. * cos(30.)
# yrgb(r,g,b) = r/255. - (g+b)/255. * sin(30.)
# set arrow 1 from 0,0 to 0,1 nohead lw 3 lc rgb "red" back
# set arrow 2 from 0,0 to cos(-30), sin(-30) nohead lw 3 lc rgb "green" back
# set arrow 3 from 0,0 to cos(210), sin(210) nohead lw 3 lc rgb "blue" back
#
# set title "RGB color information read from data file"
# plot 'rgb_variable.dat' using (xrgb($1,$2,$3)):(yrgb($1,$2,$3)):(rgb($1,$2,$3)) \
# with points pt 7 ps 4 lc rgb variable notitle
Numo.gnuplot do
run "rgb(r,g,b) = int(r)*65536 + int(g)*256 + int(b)"
set border:0
unset :xtics; unset :ytics; unset :ztics
set rmargin:5; set lmargin:5; set bmargin:2
set angle:"degrees"
run "xrgb(r,g,b) = (g-b)/255. * cos(30.)"
run "yrgb(r,g,b) = r/255. - (g+b)/255. * sin(30.)"
set :arrow, 1, from:[0,0], to:[0,1], nohead:true, lw:3, lc_rgb:"red", back:true
set :arrow, 2, from:[0,0], to:"cos(-30), sin(-30)", nohead:true, lw:3, lc_rgb:"green", back:true
set :arrow, 3, from:[0,0], to:"cos(210), sin(210)", nohead:true, lw:3, lc_rgb:"blue", back:true
set title:"RGB color information read from data file"
plot "'rgb_variable.dat'", using:'(xrgb($1,$2,$3)):(yrgb($1,$2,$3)):(rgb($1,$2,$3))', with:"points", pt:7, ps:4, lc_rgb:"variable", notitle:true
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set title "Both RGB color information\n and point size controlled by input"
# plot 'rgb_variable.dat' using (xrgb($1,$2,$3)):(yrgb($1,$2,$3)):(1.+2.*rand(0)):(rgb($1,$2,$3)) \
# with points pt 7 ps var lc rgb variable notitle
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Both RGB color information\n and point size controlled by input"
plot "'rgb_variable.dat'", using:'(xrgb($1,$2,$3)):(yrgb($1,$2,$3)):(1.+2.*rand(0)):(rgb($1,$2,$3))', with:"points", pt:7, ps:"var", lc_rgb:"variable", notitle:true
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set border -1 front linetype -1 linewidth 1.000
# set ticslevel 0
# set xtics border
# set ytics border
# set ztics border
# #
# unset arrow 1
# unset arrow 2
# unset arrow 3
# #
# set xlabel "Red" tc rgb "red"
# set xrange [0:255]
# set ylabel "Green" tc rgb "green"
# set yrange [0:255]
# set zlabel "Blue" tc rgb "blue"
# set zrange [0:255]
#
# #
# splot 'rgb_variable.dat' using 1:2:3:(rgb($1,$2,$3)) with points pt 7 ps 4 lc rgb variable, \
# '' using 1:2:3:(sprintf("0x%x",rgb($1,$2,$3))) with labels left offset 1 notitle
Numo.gnuplot do
set border:-1, front:true, linetype:-1, linewidth:1.000
set ticslevel:0
set :xtics, :border
set :ytics, :border
set :ztics, :border
unset :arrow, 1
unset :arrow, 2
unset :arrow, 3
set xlabel:"Red", tc_rgb:"red"
set xrange:0..255
set ylabel:"Green", tc_rgb:"green"
set yrange:0..255
set zlabel:"Blue", tc_rgb:"blue"
set zrange:0..255
splot ["'rgb_variable.dat'", using:'1:2:3:(rgb($1,$2,$3))', with:"points", pt:7, ps:4, lc_rgb:"variable"],
["''", using:'1:2:3:(sprintf("0x%x",rgb($1,$2,$3)))', with:"labels", left:true, offset:1, notitle:true]
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# # Unfortunately, not all platforms allow us to read hexadecimal constants
# # from a data file. Warn the user if that is the case.
# #
# if (0 == int('0x01')) \
# set label 99 at screen .05, screen .15 "If you see only black dots,\nthis means your platform does not \nsupport reading hexadecimal constants\nfrom a data file. Get a newer libc."
#
# splot 'rgb_variable.dat' using 1:2:3:(5*rand(0)):4 with points pt 7 ps variable lc rgb variable \
# title "variable pointsize and rgb color read as hexidecimal"
Numo.gnuplot do
splot "'rgb_variable.dat'", using:'1:2:3:(5*rand(0)):4', with:"points", pt:7, ps:"variable", lc_rgb:"variable", title:"variable pointsize and rgb color read as hexidecimal"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set label 99 ""
# #
# set border 0
# set xtics axis nomirror
# set ytics axis nomirror
# set ztics axis nomirror
# set xzeroaxis lt -1 lc rgb "red" lw 2
# set yzeroaxis lt -1 lc rgb "green" lw 2
# set zzeroaxis lt -1 lc rgb "blue" lw 2
# set xyplane at 0.0
#
# splot 'rgb_variable.dat' using 1:2:3:(5*rand(0)):(rgb($1,$2,$3)) with points pt 7 ps variable lc rgb variable \
# title "variable pointsize and rgb color computed from coords"
Numo.gnuplot do
set :label, 99, ""
set border:0
set :xtics, :axis, :nomirror
set :ytics, :axis, :nomirror
set :ztics, :axis, :nomirror
set :xzeroaxis, lt:-1, lc_rgb:"red", lw:2
set :yzeroaxis, lt:-1, lc_rgb:"green", lw:2
set :zzeroaxis, lt:-1, lc_rgb:"blue", lw:2
set :xyplane, at:0.0
splot "'rgb_variable.dat'", using:'1:2:3:(5*rand(0)):(rgb($1,$2,$3))', with:"points", pt:7, ps:"variable", lc_rgb:"variable", title:"variable pointsize and rgb color computed from coords"
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set title "Demo of hidden3d with points only (no surface)"
# set hidden3d
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Demo of hidden3d with points only (no surface)"
set :hidden3d
replot
end
```
## pm3d colors
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/pm3dcolors.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Test of color modes for pm3d palettes.
#
# #
# # Multiplot with some of the recommended rgbformulae palettes
# #
# set pm3d map
# set multiplot layout 3,3 \
# title "Palettes according to 'help palette rgbformulae'"
# g(x)=x
# set xrange [0:1]; set xtics 0.2 scale 1.5 nomirror; set mxtics 2
# # set palette maxcolors 128
# unset colorbox; unset key; set tics out; unset ytics
# set palette rgb 7,5,15; set title "traditional pm3d\n(black-blue-red-yellow)"; splot g(x)
# set palette rgb 3,11,6; set title "green-red-violet"; splot g(x)
# set palette rgb 23,28,3; set title "ocean (green-blue-white)\ntry also other permutations"; splot g(x)
# set palette rgb 21,22,23; set title "hot (black-red-yellow-white)"; splot g(x)
# set palette rgb 30,31,32; set title "color printable on gray\n(black-blue-violet-yellow-white)"; splot g(x)
# set palette rgb 33,13,10; set title "rainbow (blue-green-yellow-red)"; splot g(x)
# set palette rgb 34,35,36; set title "AFM hot (black-red-yellow-white)"; splot g(x)
# set palette model HSV
# set palette rgb 3,2,2; set title "HSV model\n(red-yellow-green-cyan-blue-magenta-red)"; splot g(x)
# set pal gray; set title "gray palette"; splot g(x)
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :pm3d, :map
set :multiplot, layout:[3,3], title:"Palettes according to 'help palette rgbformulae'"
run "g(x)=x"
set xrange:0..1; set xtics:0.2, scale:1.5, nomirror:true; set mxtics:2
unset :colorbox; unset :key; set :tics, :out; unset :ytics
set :palette, rgb:[7,5,15]; set title:"traditional pm3d\n(black-blue-red-yellow)"; splot "g(x)"
set :palette, rgb:[3,11,6]; set title:"green-red-violet"; splot "g(x)"
set :palette, rgb:[23,28,3]; set title:"ocean (green-blue-white)\ntry also other permutations"; splot "g(x)"
set :palette, rgb:[21,22,23]; set title:"hot (black-red-yellow-white)"; splot "g(x)"
set :palette, rgb:[30,31,32]; set title:"color printable on gray\n(black-blue-violet-yellow-white)"; splot "g(x)"
set :palette, rgb:[33,13,10]; set title:"rainbow (blue-green-yellow-red)"; splot "g(x)"
set :palette, rgb:[34,35,36]; set title:"AFM hot (black-red-yellow-white)"; splot "g(x)"
set :palette, model:"HSV"
set :palette, rgb:[3,2,2]; set title:"HSV model\n(red-yellow-green-cyan-blue-magenta-red)"; splot "g(x)"
set :pal, "gray"; set title:"gray palette"; splot "g(x)"
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# reset
#
# #
# # Gradient Palettes
# #
# set pm3d map
# set palette color
#
# f(x)=(x+10)/20
# set cbrange [f(-10):f(10)] # [0:1]
# set xrange [-10:10]
# set yrange [*:*]
# set xtics 2
# set cbtics 0.1
# set format cb "%3.1f"
# unset ztics
# unset ytics
# set samples 101
# set isosamples 2
# unset key
#
# set palette model RGB
#
# set palette defined
# set title "set palette defined"
# splot f(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :pm3d, :map
set :palette, :color
run "f(x)=(x+10)/20"
set cbrange:"[f(-10):f(10)]" # [0:1]
set xrange:-10..10
set yrange:"[*:*]"
set xtics:2
set cbtics:0.1
set format_cb:"%3.1f"
unset :ztics
unset :ytics
set samples:101
set isosamples:2
unset :key
set :palette, model:"RGB"
set :palette, :defined
set title:"set palette defined"
splot "f(x)"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set palette defined (0 0 0 0, 1 0 0 1, 3 0 1 0, 4 1 0 0, 6 1 1 1)
# set title 'set palette defined (0 0 0 0, 1 0 0 1, 3 0 1 0, 4 1 0 0, 6 1 1 1)'
# splot f(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, defined:'(0 0 0 0, 1 0 0 1, 3 0 1 0, 4 1 0 0, 6 1 1 1)'
set title:'set palette defined (0 0 0 0, 1 0 0 1, 3 0 1 0, 4 1 0 0, 6 1 1 1)'
splot "f(x)"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set palette defined ( 0 "green", 1 "blue", 2 "red", 3 "orange" )
# set title 'set palette defined ( 0 "green", 1 "blue", 2 "red", 3 "orange" )'
# splot f(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, defined:'( 0 "green", 1 "blue", 2 "red", 3 "orange" )'
set title:'set palette defined ( 0 "green", 1 "blue", 2 "red", 3 "orange" )'
splot "f(x)"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set palette defined ( 20 "#101010", 30 "#ff0000", 40 "#00ff00", 50 "#e0e0e0" )
# set title 'set palette defined ( 20 "#101010", 30 "#ff0000", 40 "#00ff00", 50 "#e0e0e0" )'
# splot f(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, defined:'( 20 "#101010", 30 "#ff0000", 40 "#00ff00", 50 "#e0e0e0" )'
set title:'set palette defined ( 20 "#101010", 30 "#ff0000", 40 "#00ff00", 50 "#e0e0e0" )'
splot "f(x)"
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set palette defined ( 0 0 0 0, 1 1 1 1 )
# set title 'set palette defined ( 0 0 0 0, 1 1 1 1 )'
# splot f(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, defined:'( 0 0 0 0, 1 1 1 1 )'
set title:'set palette defined ( 0 0 0 0, 1 1 1 1 )'
splot "f(x)"
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# set palette model HSV defined ( 0 0 1 1, 1 1 1 1 )
# set title 'set palette model HSV defined ( 0 0 1 1, 1 1 1 1 )'
# splot f(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, model:"HSV", defined:'( 0 0 1 1, 1 1 1 1 )'
set title:'set palette model HSV defined ( 0 0 1 1, 1 1 1 1 )'
splot "f(x)"
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# set palette model RGB
# set palette model RGB defined (0 "green", 1 "dark-green", 1 "yellow", 2 "dark-yellow", 2 "red", 3 "dark-red" )
# set title "set palette model RGB defined\n(0 'green', 1 'dark-green', 1 'yellow', 2 'dark-yellow', 2 'red', 3 'dark-red' )"
# splot f(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, model:"RGB"
set :palette, model:"RGB", defined:'(0 "green", 1 "dark-green", 1 "yellow", 2 "dark-yellow", 2 "red", 3 "dark-red" )'
set title:"set palette model RGB defined\n(0 'green', 1 'dark-green', 1 'yellow', 2 'dark-yellow', 2 'red', 3 'dark-red' )"
splot "f(x)"
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# set palette model RGB
#
# set title 'set palette file "-" (file with 3 columns)'
# set palette file "-"
# 0 0 0
# 0 0 1
# 0 1 0
# 1 0 0
# 1 1 1
# e
# splot f(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, model:"RGB"
run < 7,5,15'
# splot f(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, functions:'sqrt(gray),gray**3,sin(gray*2*pi)'
set title:'set palette functions sqrt(gray), gray**3, sin(gray*2*pi) <--> 7,5,15'
splot "f(x)"
end
```
### 20
```ruby
# set palette rgbformulae 7,5,15
# set title 'set palette rgbformulae 7,5,15'
# splot f(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, rgbformulae:[7,5,15]
set title:'set palette rgbformulae 7,5,15'
splot "f(x)"
end
```
### 21
```ruby
# set palette model XYZ functions gray**0.35, gray**0.5, gray**0.8
# set title 'set palette model XYZ functions model XYZ gray**0.35, gray**0.5, gray**0.8'
# splot f(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, model:"XYZ", functions:'gray**0.35,gray**0.5,gray**0.8'
set title:'set palette model XYZ functions model XYZ gray**0.35, gray**0.5, gray**0.8'
splot "f(x)"
end
```
### 22
```ruby
# theta(x) = x<0 ? 0 : 1
# r(x) = 4*x*(1-theta(x-0.25))
# g(x) = 0.5*theta(x-0.25)*(1-theta(x-0.5))
# b(x) = x
# set palette model RGB functions r(gray),g(gray),b(gray)
# set title "set palette model RGB functions\n4*x*(1-theta(x-0.25)), 0.5*theta(x-0.25)*(1-theta(x-0.5)), x"
# splot f(x)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "theta(x) = x<0 ? 0 : 1"
run "r(x) = 4*x*(1-theta(x-0.25))"
run "g(x) = 0.5*theta(x-0.25)*(1-theta(x-0.5))"
run "b(x) = x"
set :palette, model:"RGB", functions:'r(gray),g(gray),b(gray)'
set title:"set palette model RGB functions\n4*x*(1-theta(x-0.25)), 0.5*theta(x-0.25)*(1-theta(x-0.5)), x"
splot "f(x)"
end
```
## pm3d gamma
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/pm3dgamma.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Test of gamma correction for gray palettes
#
# set pm3d; set palette
# set palette gray
# set pm3d map
# set cbrange [-10:10]
# set xrange [-10:10]
# set yrange [*:*]
# unset ztics
# unset ytics
# set samples 101
# set isosamples 2
# set xtics 2
#
# set palette gamma 0.75
# set title "gamma = 0.75"
# splot x
Numo.gnuplot do
set :pm3d; set :palette
set :palette, "gray"
set :pm3d, :map
set cbrange:-10..10
set xrange:-10..10
set yrange:"[*:*]"
unset :ztics
unset :ytics
set samples:101
set isosamples:2
set xtics:2
set :palette, gamma:0.75
set title:"gamma = 0.75"
splot "x"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set palette gamma 1.0
# set title "gamma = 1.0"
# splot x
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, gamma:1.0
set title:"gamma = 1.0"
splot "x"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set palette gamma 1.25
# set title "gamma = 1.25"
# splot x
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, gamma:1.25
set title:"gamma = 1.25"
splot "x"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set palette gamma 1.5
# set title "gamma = 1.5"
# splot x
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, gamma:1.5
set title:"gamma = 1.5"
splot "x"
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set palette gamma 1.75
# set title "gamma = 1.75"
# splot x
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, gamma:1.75
set title:"gamma = 1.75"
splot "x"
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set palette gamma 2.0
# set title "gamma = 2.0"
# splot x
Numo.gnuplot do
set :palette, gamma:2.0
set title:"gamma = 2.0"
splot "x"
end
```
## control models
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/controls.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # warning: this demo is SLOW on PCs without math coprocessors!
# #
# # From _Automatic_Control_Systems_, fourth ed., figure 6-14
# # transient response of a second-order system to a unit step input function
# #
# damp(t) = exp(-s*wn*t)/sqrt(1.0-s*s)
# per(t) = sin(wn*sqrt(1.0-s**2)*t - atan(-sqrt(1.0-s**2)/s))
# c(t) = 1-damp(t)*per(t)
# #
# # wn is natural undamped frequency
# # s is damping factor
# #
# wn = 1.0
# set xrange [0:13]
# set samples 50
# set dummy t
# set key box
# #
# # plot c(t) for several different damping factors s
# #
# plot s=.1,c(t),s=.3,c(t),s=.5,c(t),s=.7,c(t),s=.9,c(t),s=1.0,c(t),s=1.5,c(t),s=2.0,c(t)
Numo.gnuplot do
run "damp(t) = exp(-s*wn*t)/sqrt(1.0-s*s)"
run "per(t) = sin(wn*sqrt(1.0-s**2)*t - atan(-sqrt(1.0-s**2)/s))"
run "c(t) = 1-damp(t)*per(t)"
run "wn = 1.0"
set xrange:0..13
set samples:50
set dummy:"t"
set :key, :box
plot "s=.1",
"c(t)",
"s=.3",
"c(t)",
"s=.5",
"c(t)",
"s=.7",
"c(t)",
"s=.9",
"c(t)",
"s=1.0",
"c(t)",
"s=1.5",
"c(t)",
"s=2.0",
"c(t)"
end
```
## discrete contours
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/discrete.html)
### 1
```ruby
# set contour
# set title "Demo of specifying discrete contour levels - default contours"
# splot x*y
Numo.gnuplot do
set :contour
set title:"Demo of specifying discrete contour levels - default contours"
splot "x*y"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# #set discrete levels
# set cntrparam levels discrete 0, 15, 75
# set title "3 discrete contours at 0 15 & 75"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :cntrparam, :levels, discrete:[0,15,75]
set title:"3 discrete contours at 0 15 & 75"
replot
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# #set incremental levels
# set cntrp level incr -20, 5, 9
# set title "9 incremental contours starting at -20, stepping by 5"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :cntrp, :level, incr:[-20,5,9]
set title:"9 incremental contours starting at -20, stepping by 5"
replot
end
```
## financial data
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/finance.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # 10 May 2005
# #
# # Though gnuplot is primarily a scientific plotting program, it can do a great
# # job of plotting finance charts as well. The primary challenge is the irregular
# # nature of financial time series. Stocks don't trade every day, so when you set
# # the x-axis to time gaps appear for non-trading days. Investors and traders
# # generally prefer that these gaps be omitted. Another challenge is that finance
# # charts are best presented in semi-log form (log y-axis, linear x-axis),
# # but gnuplot wants to span decades in its log scaling, something that stocks
# # rarely do. These and other challenges are met in finance.dem, a short
# # demonstration script that proves that gnuplot can really shine in this area.
# #
# # gnuplot plays a central role in our work. Almost all the graphs in "Bollinger
# # on Bollinger Bands" were plotted by gnuplot, many gnuplot visuals have
# # appeared on CNBC, our in-house analytics use gnuplot for visual display and
# # The Capital Growth Letter relies heavily on gnuplot for its charts.
# #
# # Finally, gnuplot is yet another successful demonstration of a powerful idea,
# # open source programming. Thanks to all who made gnuplot possible from the
# # earliest days to the present and to all those who will contribute in the
# # future. (Special thanks to Hans-Bernhard Broeker whose patience helped me to
# # climb the grade and to Ethan Merritt whose recent contributions have been
# # invaluable to our work.)
# #
# # John Bollinger
# # www.BollingerBands.com
#
# # a demonstration of gnuplot finance plot styles
# # by John Bollinger, CFA, CMT
# # www.BollingerBands.com
# # [email protected]
#
# # data and indicators in finance.dat
# # data file layout:
# # date, open, high, low, close, volume,
# # 50-day moving average volume, Intraday Intensity,
# # 20-day moving average close,
# # upper Bollinger Band, lower Bollinger Band
#
# # last update: 8 May 2005
#
# reset
# # set label 1 "Demo of plotting financial data" at screen 0.5, screen 0.95 center
# set title "Demo of plotting financial data"
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:5 notitle with lines
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Demo of plotting financial data"
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
plot "'finance.dat'", using:[0,5], notitle:true, with:"lines"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# reset
# set title "Turn on grid"
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# set grid
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:5 notitle with lines
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Turn on grid"
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
set :grid
plot "'finance.dat'", using:[0,5], notitle:true, with:"lines"
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# reset
# set title "Semi-log scaling"
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# set grid
# set logscale y
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:5 notitle with lines
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Semi-log scaling"
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
set :grid
set logscale:"y"
plot "'finance.dat'", using:[0,5], notitle:true, with:"lines"
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# reset
# set title "Finance bars"
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# set grid
# set logscale y
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:2:3:4:5 notitle with financebars lt 8
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Finance bars"
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
set :grid
set logscale:"y"
plot "'finance.dat'", using:[0,2,3,4,5], notitle:true, with:"financebars", lt:8
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# reset
# set title "Bollinger Bands"
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# set grid
# set logscale y
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:2:3:4:5 notitle with financebars lt 8, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:9 notitle with lines lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:10 notitle with lines lt 1, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:11 notitle with lines lt 2
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Bollinger Bands"
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
set :grid
set logscale:"y"
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:[0,2,3,4,5], notitle:true, with:"financebars", lt:8],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,9], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,10], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,11], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:2]
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# reset
# set title "Overlay an indicator on a separate scale"
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# set grid
# set logscale y
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:2:3:4:5 notitle with financebars lt 8, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:9 notitle with lines lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:10 notitle with lines lt 1, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:11 notitle with lines lt 2, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:8 axes x1y2 notitle with lines lt 4
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Overlay an indicator on a separate scale"
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
set :grid
set logscale:"y"
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:[0,2,3,4,5], notitle:true, with:"financebars", lt:8],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,9], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,10], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,11], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:2],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,8], axes:"x1y2", notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:4]
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# reset
# set title "Add some boiler plate"
# set label "Courtesy of Bollinger Capital" at graph 0.01, 0.07
# set label " www.BollingerBands.com" at graph 0.01, 0.03
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# set grid
# set logscale y
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:2:3:4:5 notitle with financebars lt 8, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:9 notitle with lines lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:10 notitle with lines lt 1, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:11 notitle with lines lt 2, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:8 axes x1y2 notitle with lines lt 4
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Add some boiler plate"
set label:"Courtesy of Bollinger Capital", at_graph:[0.01,0.07]
set label:" www.BollingerBands.com", at_graph:[0.01,0.03]
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
set :grid
set logscale:"y"
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:[0,2,3,4,5], notitle:true, with:"financebars", lt:8],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,9], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,10], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,11], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:2],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,8], axes:"x1y2", notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:4]
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# reset
# set label "Courtesy of Bollinger Capital" at graph 0.01, 0.07
# set label " www.BollingerBands.com" at graph 0.01, 0.03
# set logscale y
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set grid
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# set format x ""
# set xtics (66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)
# set multiplot
# set size 1, 0.7
# set origin 0, 0.3
# set bmargin 0
# set title "Add volume in a separate clip"
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:2:3:4:5 notitle with financebars lt 8, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:9 notitle with lines lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:10 notitle with lines lt 1, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:11 notitle with lines lt 2, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:8 axes x1y2 notitle with lines lt 4
# unset label 1
# unset label 2
# unset title
# set bmargin
# set format x
# set size 1.0, 0.3
# set origin 0.0, 0.0
# set tmargin 0
# unset logscale y
# set autoscale y
# set format y "%1.0f"
# set ytics 500
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:($6/10000) notitle with impulses lt 3
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set label:"Courtesy of Bollinger Capital", at_graph:[0.01,0.07]
set label:" www.BollingerBands.com", at_graph:[0.01,0.03]
set logscale:"y"
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set :grid
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
set format_x:""
set xtics:'(66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)'
set :multiplot
set size:[1,0.7]
set origin:[0,0.3]
set bmargin:0
set title:"Add volume in a separate clip"
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:[0,2,3,4,5], notitle:true, with:"financebars", lt:8],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,9], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,10], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,11], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:2],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,8], axes:"x1y2", notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:4]
unset label:1
unset label:2
unset :title
set :bmargin
set format:"x"
set size:[1.0,0.3]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set tmargin:0
unset logscale:"y"
set autoscale:"y"
set format_y:"%1.0f"
set ytics:500
plot "'finance.dat'", using:'0:($6/10000)', notitle:true, with:"impulses", lt:3
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# reset
# set label "Courtesy of Bollinger Capital" at graph 0.01, 0.07
# set label " www.BollingerBands.com" at graph 0.01, 0.03
# set logscale y
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set grid
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# set format x ""
# set xtics (66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)
# set multiplot
# set title "Add average volume"
# set size 1, 0.7
# set origin 0, 0.3
# set bmargin 0
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:2:3:4:5 notitle with financebars lt 8, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:9 notitle with lines lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:10 notitle with lines lt 1, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:11 notitle with lines lt 2, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:8 axes x1y2 notitle with lines lt 4
# unset label 1
# unset label 2
# unset title
# set bmargin
# set format x
# set size 1.0, 0.3
# set origin 0.0, 0.0
# set tmargin 0
# unset logscale y
# set autoscale y
# set format y "%1.0f"
# set ytics 500
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:($6/10000) notitle with impulses lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:($7/10000) notitle with lines lt 1
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set label:"Courtesy of Bollinger Capital", at_graph:[0.01,0.07]
set label:" www.BollingerBands.com", at_graph:[0.01,0.03]
set logscale:"y"
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set :grid
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
set format_x:""
set xtics:'(66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)'
set :multiplot
set title:"Add average volume"
set size:[1,0.7]
set origin:[0,0.3]
set bmargin:0
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:[0,2,3,4,5], notitle:true, with:"financebars", lt:8],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,9], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,10], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,11], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:2],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,8], axes:"x1y2", notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:4]
unset label:1
unset label:2
unset :title
set :bmargin
set format:"x"
set size:[1.0,0.3]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set tmargin:0
unset logscale:"y"
set autoscale:"y"
set format_y:"%1.0f"
set ytics:500
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($6/10000)', notitle:true, with:"impulses", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($7/10000)', notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1]
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 10
```ruby
# reset
# set label "Courtesy of Bollinger Capital" at graph 0.01, 0.07
# set label " www.BollingerBands.com" at graph 0.01, 0.03
# set logscale y
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set grid
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# set format x ""
# set xtics (66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)
# set multiplot
# set title "Add date labels to the x axis"
# set size 1, 0.7
# set origin 0, 0.3
# set bmargin 0
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:2:3:4:5 notitle with financebars lt 8, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:9 notitle with lines lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:10 notitle with lines lt 1, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:11 notitle with lines lt 2, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:8 axes x1y2 notitle with lines lt 4
# unset label 1
# unset label 2
# unset title
# set bmargin
# set format x
# set size 1.0, 0.3
# set origin 0.0, 0.0
# set tmargin 0
# unset logscale y
# set autoscale y
# set format y "%1.0f"
# set ytics 500
# set xtics ("6/03" 66, "7/03" 87, "8/03" 109, "9/03" 130, "10/03" 151, "11/03" 174, "12/03" 193, "1/04" 215, "2/04" 235)
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:($6/10000) notitle with impulses lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:($7/10000) notitle with lines lt 1
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set label:"Courtesy of Bollinger Capital", at_graph:[0.01,0.07]
set label:" www.BollingerBands.com", at_graph:[0.01,0.03]
set logscale:"y"
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set :grid
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
set format_x:""
set xtics:'(66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)'
set :multiplot
set title:"Add date labels to the x axis"
set size:[1,0.7]
set origin:[0,0.3]
set bmargin:0
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:[0,2,3,4,5], notitle:true, with:"financebars", lt:8],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,9], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,10], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,11], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:2],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,8], axes:"x1y2", notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:4]
unset label:1
unset label:2
unset :title
set :bmargin
set format:"x"
set size:[1.0,0.3]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set tmargin:0
unset logscale:"y"
set autoscale:"y"
set format_y:"%1.0f"
set ytics:500
set xtics:'("6/03" 66, "7/03" 87, "8/03" 109, "9/03" 130, "10/03" 151, "11/03" 174, "12/03" 193, "1/04" 215, "2/04" 235)'
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($6/10000)', notitle:true, with:"impulses", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($7/10000)', notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1]
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 11
```ruby
# reset
# set label "Courtesy of Bollinger Capital" at graph 0.01, 0.07
# set label " www.BollingerBands.com" at graph 0.01, 0.03
# set logscale y
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set grid
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# set format x ""
# set xtics (66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)
# set multiplot
# set title "Add labels for each clip"
# set size 1, 0.7
# set origin 0, 0.3
# set bmargin 0
# set ylabel "price" offset 1
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:2:3:4:5 notitle with financebars lt 8, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:9 notitle with lines lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:10 notitle with lines lt 1, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:11 notitle with lines lt 2, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:8 axes x1y2 notitle with lines lt 4
# unset label 1
# unset label 2
# unset title
# set bmargin
# set format x
# set size 1.0, 0.3
# set origin 0.0, 0.0
# set tmargin 0
# unset logscale y
# set autoscale y
# set format y "%1.0f"
# set ytics 500
# set xtics ("6/03" 66, "7/03" 87, "8/03" 109, "9/03" 130, "10/03" 151, "11/03" 174, "12/03" 193, "1/04" 215, "2/04" 235)
# set ylabel "volume (0000)" offset 1
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:($6/10000) notitle with impulses lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:($7/10000) notitle with lines lt 1
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set label:"Courtesy of Bollinger Capital", at_graph:[0.01,0.07]
set label:" www.BollingerBands.com", at_graph:[0.01,0.03]
set logscale:"y"
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set :grid
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
set format_x:""
set xtics:'(66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)'
set :multiplot
set title:"Add labels for each clip"
set size:[1,0.7]
set origin:[0,0.3]
set bmargin:0
set ylabel:"price", offset:1
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:[0,2,3,4,5], notitle:true, with:"financebars", lt:8],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,9], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,10], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,11], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:2],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,8], axes:"x1y2", notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:4]
unset label:1
unset label:2
unset :title
set :bmargin
set format:"x"
set size:[1.0,0.3]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set tmargin:0
unset logscale:"y"
set autoscale:"y"
set format_y:"%1.0f"
set ytics:500
set xtics:'("6/03" 66, "7/03" 87, "8/03" 109, "9/03" 130, "10/03" 151, "11/03" 174, "12/03" 193, "1/04" 215, "2/04" 235)'
set ylabel:"volume (0000)", offset:1
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($6/10000)', notitle:true, with:"impulses", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($7/10000)', notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1]
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 12
```ruby
# reset
# set label 1 "Acme Widgets" at graph 0.5, graph 0.9 center front
# set label 2 "Courtesy of Bollinger Capital" at graph 0.01, 0.07
# set label 3 " www.BollingerBands.com" at graph 0.01, 0.03
# set logscale y
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set grid
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# set format x ""
# set xtics (66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)
# set multiplot
# set title "Add a title"
# set size 1, 0.7
# set origin 0, 0.3
# set bmargin 0
# set ylabel "price" offset 1
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:2:3:4:5 notitle with financebars lt 8, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:9 notitle with lines lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:10 notitle with lines lt 1, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:11 notitle with lines lt 2, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:8 axes x1y2 notitle with lines lt 4
# unset label 1
# unset label 2
# unset label 3
# unset title
# set bmargin
# set format x
# set size 1.0, 0.3
# set origin 0.0, 0.0
# set tmargin 0
# unset logscale y
# set autoscale y
# set format y "%1.0f"
# set ytics 500
# set xtics ("6/03" 66, "7/03" 87, "8/03" 109, "9/03" 130, "10/03" 151, "11/03" 174, "12/03" 193, "1/04" 215, "2/04" 235)
# set ylabel "volume (0000)" offset 1
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:($6/10000) notitle with impulses lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:($7/10000) notitle with lines lt 1
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :label, 1, "Acme Widgets", at:"graph 0.5, graph 0.9", center:true, front:true
set :label, 2, "Courtesy of Bollinger Capital", at_graph:[0.01,0.07]
set :label, 3, " www.BollingerBands.com", at_graph:[0.01,0.03]
set logscale:"y"
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set :grid
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
set format_x:""
set xtics:'(66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)'
set :multiplot
set title:"Add a title"
set size:[1,0.7]
set origin:[0,0.3]
set bmargin:0
set ylabel:"price", offset:1
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:[0,2,3,4,5], notitle:true, with:"financebars", lt:8],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,9], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,10], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,11], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:2],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,8], axes:"x1y2", notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:4]
unset label:1
unset label:2
unset label:3
unset :title
set :bmargin
set format:"x"
set size:[1.0,0.3]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set tmargin:0
unset logscale:"y"
set autoscale:"y"
set format_y:"%1.0f"
set ytics:500
set xtics:'("6/03" 66, "7/03" 87, "8/03" 109, "9/03" 130, "10/03" 151, "11/03" 174, "12/03" 193, "1/04" 215, "2/04" 235)'
set ylabel:"volume (0000)", offset:1
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($6/10000)', notitle:true, with:"impulses", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($7/10000)', notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1]
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 13
```ruby
# reset
# set label 1 "Acme Widgets" at graph 0.5, graph 0.9 center front
# set label 2 "Courtesy of Bollinger Capital" at graph 0.01, 0.07
# set label 3 " www.BollingerBands.com" at graph 0.01, 0.03
# set logscale y
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set grid
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# set format x ""
# set xtics (66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)
# set multiplot
# set title "Change to candlesticks"
# set size 1, 0.7
# set origin 0, 0.3
# set bmargin 0
# set ylabel "price" offset 1
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:2:3:4:5 notitle with candlesticks lt 8, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:9 notitle with lines lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:10 notitle with lines lt 1, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:11 notitle with lines lt 2, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:8 axes x1y2 notitle with lines lt 4
# unset label 1
# unset label 2
# unset label 3
# unset title
# set bmargin
# set format x
# set size 1.0, 0.3
# set origin 0.0, 0.0
# set tmargin 0
# unset logscale y
# set autoscale y
# set format y "%1.0f"
# set ytics 500
# set xtics ("6/03" 66, "7/03" 87, "8/03" 109, "9/03" 130, "10/03" 151, "11/03" 174, "12/03" 193, "1/04" 215, "2/04" 235)
# set ylabel "volume (0000)" offset 1
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:($6/10000) notitle with impulses lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:($7/10000) notitle with lines lt 1
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :label, 1, "Acme Widgets", at:"graph 0.5, graph 0.9", center:true, front:true
set :label, 2, "Courtesy of Bollinger Capital", at_graph:[0.01,0.07]
set :label, 3, " www.BollingerBands.com", at_graph:[0.01,0.03]
set logscale:"y"
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set :grid
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
set format_x:""
set xtics:'(66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)'
set :multiplot
set title:"Change to candlesticks"
set size:[1,0.7]
set origin:[0,0.3]
set bmargin:0
set ylabel:"price", offset:1
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:[0,2,3,4,5], notitle:true, with:"candlesticks", lt:8],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,9], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,10], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,11], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:2],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,8], axes:"x1y2", notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:4]
unset label:1
unset label:2
unset label:3
unset :title
set :bmargin
set format:"x"
set size:[1.0,0.3]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set tmargin:0
unset logscale:"y"
set autoscale:"y"
set format_y:"%1.0f"
set ytics:500
set xtics:'("6/03" 66, "7/03" 87, "8/03" 109, "9/03" 130, "10/03" 151, "11/03" 174, "12/03" 193, "1/04" 215, "2/04" 235)'
set ylabel:"volume (0000)", offset:1
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($6/10000)', notitle:true, with:"impulses", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($7/10000)', notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1]
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 14
```ruby
# reset
# set label 1 "Acme Widgets" at graph 0.5, graph 0.9 center front
# set label 2 "Courtesy of Bollinger Capital" at graph 0.01, 0.07
# set label 3 " www.BollingerBands.com" at graph 0.01, 0.03
# set logscale y
# set yrange [75:105]
# set ytics (105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)
# set xrange [50:253]
# set grid
# set lmargin 9
# set rmargin 2
# set format x ""
# set xtics (66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)
# set multiplot
# set title "Change to Bollinger Boxes"
# set size 1, 0.7
# set origin 0, 0.3
# set bmargin 0
# set ylabel "price" offset 1
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:3:3:($2>$5?$2:$5):($2>$5?$2:$5) notitle with candlesticks lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:($2<$5?$5:1/0):($2<$5?$5:1/0):($2<$5?$2:1/0):($2<$5?$2:1/0) notitle with candlesticks lt 2, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:($2>$5?$2:1/0):($2>$5?$2:1/0):($2>$5?$5:1/0):($2>$5?$5:1/0) notitle with candlesticks lt 1, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:($2<$5?$2:$5):($2<$5?$2:$5):4:4 notitle with candlesticks lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:9 notitle with lines lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:10 notitle with lines lt 1, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:11 notitle with lines lt 2, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:8 axes x1y2 notitle with lines lt 4
# unset label 1
# unset label 2
# unset label 3
# unset title
# set bmargin
# set format x
# set size 1.0, 0.3
# set origin 0.0, 0.0
# set tmargin 0
# unset logscale y
# set autoscale y
# set format y "%1.0f"
# set ytics 500
# set xtics ("6/03" 66, "7/03" 87, "8/03" 109, "9/03" 130, "10/03" 151, "11/03" 174, "12/03" 193, "1/04" 215, "2/04" 235)
# set ylabel "volume (0000)" offset 1
# plot 'finance.dat' using 0:($6/10000) notitle with impulses lt 3, \
# 'finance.dat' using 0:($7/10000) notitle with lines lt 1
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :label, 1, "Acme Widgets", at:"graph 0.5, graph 0.9", center:true, front:true
set :label, 2, "Courtesy of Bollinger Capital", at_graph:[0.01,0.07]
set :label, 3, " www.BollingerBands.com", at_graph:[0.01,0.03]
set logscale:"y"
set yrange:75..105
set ytics:'(105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80)'
set xrange:50..253
set :grid
set lmargin:9
set rmargin:2
set format_x:""
set xtics:'(66, 87, 109, 130, 151, 174, 193, 215, 235)'
set :multiplot
set title:"Change to Bollinger Boxes"
set size:[1,0.7]
set origin:[0,0.3]
set bmargin:0
set ylabel:"price", offset:1
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:'0:3:3:($2>$5?$2:$5):($2>$5?$2:$5)', notitle:true, with:"candlesticks", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($2<$5?$5:1/0):($2<$5?$5:1/0):($2<$5?$2:1/0):($2<$5?$2:1/0)', notitle:true, with:"candlesticks", lt:2],
["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($2>$5?$2:1/0):($2>$5?$2:1/0):($2>$5?$5:1/0):($2>$5?$5:1/0)', notitle:true, with:"candlesticks", lt:1],
["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($2<$5?$2:$5):($2<$5?$2:$5):4:4', notitle:true, with:"candlesticks", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,9], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,10], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,11], notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:2],
["'finance.dat'", using:[0,8], axes:"x1y2", notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:4]
unset label:1
unset label:2
unset label:3
unset :title
set :bmargin
set format:"x"
set size:[1.0,0.3]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set tmargin:0
unset logscale:"y"
set autoscale:"y"
set format_y:"%1.0f"
set ytics:500
set xtics:'("6/03" 66, "7/03" 87, "8/03" 109, "9/03" 130, "10/03" 151, "11/03" 174, "12/03" 193, "1/04" 215, "2/04" 235)'
set ylabel:"volume (0000)", offset:1
plot ["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($6/10000)', notitle:true, with:"impulses", lt:3],
["'finance.dat'", using:'0:($7/10000)', notitle:true, with:"lines", lt:1]
unset :multiplot
end
```
## non-gridded data
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/scatter.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Simple demo of scatter data conversion to grid data.
# #
#
# set title "Simple demo of scatter data conversion to grid data"
# unset hidden3d
# set ticslevel 0.5
# set view 60,30
# set autoscale
# set parametric
# set style data points
# set xlabel "data style point - no dgrid"
# set key box
# splot "hemisphr.dat"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Simple demo of scatter data conversion to grid data"
unset :hidden3d
set ticslevel:0.5
set view:[60,30]
set :autoscale
set :parametric
set :style, :data, :points
set xlabel:"data style point - no dgrid"
set :key, :box
splot "\"hemisphr.dat\""
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set dgrid3d 10,10,1
# set xlabel " data style lines, dgrid3d 10,10,1"
# set style data lines
# splot "hemisphr.dat"
Numo.gnuplot do
set dgrid3d:[10,10,1]
set xlabel:" data style lines, dgrid3d 10,10,1"
set :style, :data, :lines
splot "\"hemisphr.dat\""
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set dgrid3d ,,4
# set xlabel " data style lines, dgrid3d ,,4 "
# set style data lines
# splot "hemisphr.dat"
Numo.gnuplot do
set dgrid3d:",,4"
set xlabel:" data style lines, dgrid3d ,,4 "
set :style, :data, :lines
splot "\"hemisphr.dat\""
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set dgrid3d ,,16
# set xlabel " data style lines, dgrid3d ,,16"
# set style data lines
# splot "hemisphr.dat"
Numo.gnuplot do
set dgrid3d:",,16"
set xlabel:" data style lines, dgrid3d ,,16"
set :style, :data, :lines
splot "\"hemisphr.dat\""
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set contour
# set xlabel "data style lines, dgrid3d ,,16, contour"
# splot "hemisphr.dat"
Numo.gnuplot do
set :contour
set xlabel:"data style lines, dgrid3d ,,16, contour"
splot "\"hemisphr.dat\""
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# unset dgrid3d
# set style data points
# set xlabel "data style points, nodgrid3d"
# splot "scatter2.dat"
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :dgrid3d
set :style, :data, :points
set xlabel:"data style points, nodgrid3d"
splot "\"scatter2.dat\""
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# set key nobox
# set dgrid3d ,,1
# set xlabel "data style lines, dgrid3d ,,1"
# set style data lines
# splot "scatter2.dat"
Numo.gnuplot do
set :key, :nobox
set dgrid3d:",,1"
set xlabel:"data style lines, dgrid3d ,,1"
set :style, :data, :lines
splot "\"scatter2.dat\""
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# set dgrid3d ,,4
# set xlabel "data style lines, dgrid3d ,,4"
# set style data lines
# splot "scatter2.dat"
Numo.gnuplot do
set dgrid3d:",,4"
set xlabel:"data style lines, dgrid3d ,,4"
set :style, :data, :lines
splot "\"scatter2.dat\""
end
```
## running averages
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/running_avg.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # This script demonstrates the use of assignment operators and
# # sequential expression evaluation to track data points as they
# # are read in.
# #
# # We use the '=' and ',' operators to track the running total
# # and previous 5 values of a stream of input data points.
# #
# # Ethan A Merritt - August 2007
# #
# # Define a function to calculate average over previous 5 points
# #
# set title \
# "Demonstrate use of assignment and serial evaluation operators\n" \
# . "to accumulate statistics as successive data lines are read in\n"
# set key invert box center right reverse Left
# set xtics nomirror
# set ytics nomirror
# set border 3
#
# samples(x) = $0 > 4 ? 5 : ($0+1)
# avg5(x) = (shift5(x), (back1+back2+back3+back4+back5)/samples($0))
# shift5(x) = (back5 = back4, back4 = back3, back3 = back2, back2 = back1, back1 = x)
#
# #
# # Initialize a running sum
# #
# init(x) = (back1 = back2 = back3 = back4 = back5 = sum = 0)
#
# #
# # Plot data, running average and cumulative average
# #
#
# datafile = 'silver.dat'
# set xrange [0:57]
#
# set style data linespoints
#
# plot sum = init(0), \
# datafile using 0:2 title 'data' lw 2 lc rgb 'forest-green', \
# '' using 0:(avg5($2)) title "running mean over previous 5 points" pt 7 ps 0.5 lw 1 lc rgb "blue", \
# '' using 0:(sum = sum + $2, sum/($0+1)) title "cumulative mean" pt 1 lw 1 lc rgb "dark-red"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Demonstrate use of assignment and serial evaluation operators\n"+"to accumulate statistics as successive data lines are read in\n"
set :key, :invert, :box, :center, :right, :reverse, :Left
set :xtics, :nomirror
set :ytics, :nomirror
set border:3
run "samples(x) = $0 > 4 ? 5 : ($0+1)"
run "avg5(x) = (shift5(x), (back1+back2+back3+back4+back5)/samples($0))"
run "shift5(x) = (back5 = back4, back4 = back3, back3 = back2, back2 = back1, back1 = x)"
run "init(x) = (back1 = back2 = back3 = back4 = back5 = sum = 0)"
run "datafile = 'silver.dat'"
set xrange:0..57
set :style, :data, :linespoints
plot "sum=init(0)",
[:"datafile", using:[0,2], title:'data', lw:2, lc_rgb:'forest-green'],
["''", using:'0:(avg5($2))', title:"running mean over previous 5 points", pt:7, ps:0.5, lw:1, lc_rgb:"blue"],
["''", using:'0:(sum = sum + $2, sum/($0+1))', title:"cumulative mean", pt:1, lw:1, lc_rgb:"dark-red"]
end
```
## binning/histograms
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/smooth.html)
### 1
```ruby
# bin(x, s) = s*int(x/s)
#
# set zeroaxis
#
# # Uniform
# set title "Uniform Distribution"
# set key top right
# set boxwidth 0.05
# plot [-0.1:1.1][-0.4:1.5] "random-points" u 1:(0.25*rand(0)-.35) t '', \
# "" u (bin($1,0.05)):(20/300.) s f t 'smooth frequency' w boxes, \
# "" u 1:(1/300.) s cumul t 'smooth cumulative'
Numo.gnuplot do
run "bin(x, s) = s*int(x/s)"
set :zeroaxis
set title:"Uniform Distribution"
set :key, :top, :right
set boxwidth:0.05
plot -0.1..1.1, -0.4..1.5,
["\"random-points\"", u:'1:(0.25*rand(0)-.35)', t:''],
["\"\"", u:'(bin($1,0.05)):(20/300.)', s:true, f:true, t:'smooth frequency', w:"boxes"],
["\"\"", u:'1:(1/300.)', s:"cumul", t:'smooth cumulative']
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# # Normal
# set title "Normal Distribution"
# set key top left
# set boxwidth 0.05
# plot "random-points" u 2:(0.25*rand(0)-.35) t '', \
# "" u (bin($2,0.05)):(20/300.) s f t 'smooth frequency' w boxes, \
# "" u 2:(1/300.) s cumul t 'smooth cumulative'
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Normal Distribution"
set :key, :top, :left
set boxwidth:0.05
plot ["\"random-points\"", u:'2:(0.25*rand(0)-.35)', t:''],
["\"\"", u:'(bin($2,0.05)):(20/300.)', s:true, f:true, t:'smooth frequency', w:"boxes"],
["\"\"", u:'2:(1/300.)', s:"cumul", t:'smooth cumulative']
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# # Lognormal
# set title "Lognormal Distribution"
# set key top right
# set boxwidth 0.1
# plot [0:] "random-points" u 3:(0.25*rand(0)-.35) t '', \
# "" u (bin($3,0.1)):(10/300.) s f t 'smooth frequency' w boxes, \
# "" u 3:(1/300.) s cumul t 'smooth cumulative'
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Lognormal Distribution"
set :key, :top, :right
set boxwidth:0.1
plot "[0:]",
["\"random-points\"", u:'3:(0.25*rand(0)-.35)', t:''],
["\"\"", u:'(bin($3,0.1)):(10/300.)', s:true, f:true, t:'smooth frequency', w:"boxes"],
["\"\"", u:'3:(1/300.)', s:"cumul", t:'smooth cumulative']
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# # Mixed
# set title "Mixed Distribution (Lognormal with shifted Gaussian)"
# set key top right
# set boxwidth 0.1
# plot "random-points" u 4:(0.25*rand(0)-.35) t '', \
# "" u (bin($4,0.1)):(10/300.) s f t 'smooth frequency' w boxes, \
# "" u 4:(1/300.) s cumul t 'smooth cumulative'
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Mixed Distribution (Lognormal with shifted Gaussian)"
set :key, :top, :right
set boxwidth:0.1
plot ["\"random-points\"", u:'4:(0.25*rand(0)-.35)', t:''],
["\"\"", u:'(bin($4,0.1)):(10/300.)', s:true, f:true, t:'smooth frequency', w:"boxes"],
["\"\"", u:'4:(1/300.)', s:"cumul", t:'smooth cumulative']
end
```
## 2D and 3D heat maps
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/heatmaps.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Two ways of generating a 2D heat map from ascii data
# #
#
# set title "Heat Map generated from a file containing Z values only"
# unset key
# set tic scale 0
#
# # Color runs from white to green
# set palette rgbformula -7,2,-7
# set cbrange [0:5]
# set cblabel "Score"
# unset cbtics
#
# set xrange [-0.5:4.5]
# set yrange [-0.5:4.5]
#
# set view map
# splot '-' matrix with image
# 5 4 3 1 0
# 2 2 0 0 1
# 0 0 0 1 0
# 0 0 0 2 3
# 0 1 2 4 3
# e
#
# set title "Heat Map generated by 'plot' from a stream of XYZ values"\
# ."\nNB: Rows must be separated by blank lines!"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Heat Map generated from a file containing Z values only"
unset :key
set :tic, :scale, 0
set :palette, rgbformula:[-7,2,-7]
set cbrange:0..5
set cblabel:"Score"
unset :cbtics
set xrange:-0.5..4.5
set yrange:-0.5..4.5
set view:'map'
run < <&{x@_0^{-3/2}y}> holds space for"
# set label 7 at -0.45, 0.5
# set label 7 "<{{/=20 B}ig}> <{x@_0^{-3/2}y}>"
#
# set label 8 at -0.9, -0.2
# set label 8 "Overprint\n(v should be centred over d)" tc lt 3
# set label 9 at -0.85, -0.4
# set label 9 " ~{abcdefg}{0.8v}"
#
# set label 10 at -.40, 0.35
# set label 10 "UTF-8 encoding does not require Symbol font:" tc lt 3
# set label 11 at -.30, 0.2
# set label 11 "{/*1.5 ∫@_{/=9.6 0}^{/=12 ∞}} {e^{-{μ}^2/2} d}{μ=(π/2)^{1/2}}"
#
# set label 21 at 0.5, -.1
# set label 21 "Left ^{centered} ƒ(αβγδεζ)" left
# set label 22 at 0.5, -.2
# set label 22 "Right ^{centered} ƒ(αβγδεζ)" right
# set label 23 at 0.5, -.3
# set label 23 "Center^{centered} ƒ(αβγδεζ)" center
# #
# set key title " "
# plot sin(x)**2 lt 2 lw 2 title "sin^2(x)"
Numo.gnuplot do
set :termoption, :enhanced
set encoding:"utf8"
set title:"Demo of enhanced text mode using a single UTF-8 encoded font\nThere is another demo that shows how to use a separate Symbol font"
set xrange:-1..1
set yrange:-0.5..1.1
set format_xy:"%.1f"
set :arrow, from:[0.5,-0.5], to:[0.5,0.0], nohead:true
set :label, 1, at:[-0.65,0.95]
set :label, 1, "Superscripts and subscripts:", tc_lt:3
set :label, 3, at:[-0.55,0.85]
set :label, 3, 'A_{j,k} 10^{-2} x@^2_k x@_0^{-3/2}y'
set :label, 5, at:[-0.55,0.7]
set :label, 5, "Space-holders:", tc_lt:3
set :label, 6, at:[-0.45,0.6]
set :label, 6, "<&{{/=20 B}ig}> <&{x@_0^{-3/2}y}> holds space for"
set :label, 7, at:[-0.45,0.5]
set :label, 7, "<{{/=20 B}ig}> <{x@_0^{-3/2}y}>"
set :label, 8, at:[-0.9,-0.2]
set :label, 8, "Overprint\n(v should be centred over d)", tc_lt:3
set :label, 9, at:[-0.85,-0.4]
set :label, 9, " ~{abcdefg}{0.8v}"
set :label, 10, at:[-0.40,0.35]
set :label, 10, "UTF-8 encoding does not require Symbol font:", tc_lt:3
set :label, 11, at:[-0.30,0.2]
set :label, 11, "{/*1.5 ∫@_{/=9.6 0}^{/=12 ∞}} {e^{-{μ}^2/2} d}{μ=(π/2)^{1/2}}"
set :label, 21, at:[0.5,-0.1]
set :label, 21, "Left ^{centered} ƒ(αβγδεζ)", :left
set :label, 22, at:[0.5,-0.2]
set :label, 22, "Right ^{centered} ƒ(αβγδεζ)", :right
set :label, 23, at:[0.5,-0.3]
set :label, 23, "Center^{centered} ƒ(αβγδεζ)", :center
set :key, title:" "
plot "sin(x)**2", lt:2, lw:2, title:"sin^2(x)"
end
```
## string data
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/datastrings.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Demonstrate features of datastrings patch
# # Ethan A Merritt
# # 08-Mar-2003
# #
# reset
# #
# # Illustrate reading plot labels from column head in datafile
# #
# set title "Auto-labeling plots from text fields in datafile"
# set label 1 "Generate plot labels from first row in each column"
# set label 1 at graph 0.02, 0.85 tc lt 3
# set label 2 "Generate x-axis labels from first column in each row"
# set label 2 at graph 0.02, 0.80 tc lt 3
# set style data linespoints
# set ylabel "mm"
# set yrange [0:200]
# #
# set key autotitle columnhead
# plot 'ctg-y2.dat' using 2:xticlabel(1) index 2, \
# '' using 2 index 3
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Auto-labeling plots from text fields in datafile"
set :label, 1, "Generate plot labels from first row in each column"
set :label, 1, at_graph:[0.02,0.85], tc_lt:3
set :label, 2, "Generate x-axis labels from first column in each row"
set :label, 2, at_graph:[0.02,0.80], tc_lt:3
set :style, :data, :linespoints
set ylabel:"mm"
set yrange:0..200
set :key, autotitle:"columnhead"
plot ["'ctg-y2.dat'", using:'2:xticlabel(1)', index:2],
["''", using:2, index:3]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# # Illustrate reading xtic axis labels from the datafile
# #
# reset
# set title "Read tic labels from a datafile column\nAn approximation of Hans Olav Eggestad's categoric plot patch\nusing 'using ($0):2:xticlabels(1)' and 'set style fill solid border -1'"
# set boxwidth 0.3
# set style fill solid 1.000000 border -1
# set bmargin 3
# set pointsize 2
# set yrange [0:180]
# set xrange [-0.5:11.5]
# set ylabel "mm"
# set tics scale 0.0
# set grid y
# set xtics
# #
# set key autotitle columnhead
# plot 'ctg-y2.dat' using ($0-0.2):2 index 0 with boxes title "precipitation 1992-2000", \
# '' using ($0+0.2):2 index 1 with boxes title " 2000-2001", \
# '' using ($0):2 index 2 with linespoints lw 3 title "runoff 1992-2000", \
# '' using ($0):2:xticlabels(1) index 3 with linespoints lw 3 title " 2000-2001"
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Read tic labels from a datafile column\nAn approximation of Hans Olav Eggestad's categoric plot patch\nusing 'using ($0):2:xticlabels(1)' and 'set style fill solid border -1'"
set boxwidth:0.3
set :style, fill_solid:1.000000, border:-1
set bmargin:3
set pointsize:2
set yrange:0..180
set xrange:-0.5..11.5
set ylabel:"mm"
set :tics, :scale, 0.0
set grid:"y"
set :xtics
set :key, autotitle:"columnhead"
plot ["'ctg-y2.dat'", using:'($0-0.2):2', index:0, with:"boxes", title:"precipitation 1992-2000"],
["''", using:'($0+0.2):2', index:1, with:"boxes", title:" 2000-2001"],
["''", using:'($0):2', index:2, with:"linespoints", lw:3, title:"runoff 1992-2000"],
["''", using:'($0):2:xticlabels(1)', index:3, with:"linespoints", lw:3, title:" 2000-2001"]
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set title "Same plot using x2ticlabels also"
# set x2tics
# plot 'ctg-y2.dat' using ($0-0.2):2 index 0 with boxes title "precipitation 1992-2000", \
# '' using ($0+0.2):2 index 1 with boxes title " 2000-2001", \
# '' using ($0):2 index 2 with linespoints lw 3 title "runoff 1992-2000", \
# '' using ($0):2:x2ticlabels(1) index 3 with linespoints lw 3 title " 2000-2001"
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Same plot using x2ticlabels also"
set :x2tics
plot ["'ctg-y2.dat'", using:'($0-0.2):2', index:0, with:"boxes", title:"precipitation 1992-2000"],
["''", using:'($0+0.2):2', index:1, with:"boxes", title:" 2000-2001"],
["''", using:'($0):2', index:2, with:"linespoints", lw:3, title:"runoff 1992-2000"],
["''", using:'($0):2:x2ticlabels(1)', index:3, with:"linespoints", lw:3, title:" 2000-2001"]
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set title "Plot from table format (titles taken from column headers)"
# unset x2tics
# plot 'table.dat' using ($0-0.2):2 title column(2) with boxes, \
# '' using ($0+0.2):3 title column(3) with boxes, \
# '' using ($0):4 title column(4) with linespoints, \
# '' using ($0):5:xtic(1) title column(5) with linespoints
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Plot from table format (titles taken from column headers)"
unset :x2tics
plot ["'table.dat'", using:'($0-0.2):2', title_nq:'column(2)', with:"boxes"],
["''", using:'($0+0.2):3', title_nq:'column(3)', with:"boxes"],
["''", using:'($0):4', title_nq:'column(4)', with:"linespoints"],
["''", using:'($0):5:xtic(1)', title_nq:'column(5)', with:"linespoints"]
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set title "Plot actual y-value as a label"
# plot 'table.dat' using 0:2:xtic(1) title columnhead with boxes, \
# '' using 0:2:2 with labels center offset 0,1 notitle
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Plot actual y-value as a label"
plot ["'table.dat'", using:'0:2:xtic(1)', title_nq:'columnhead', with:"boxes"],
["''", using:[0,2,2], with:"labels", center:true, offset:0],
["1", :notitle]
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# # Now show the plot with labels options
# #
# reset
#
# set title "Read labels from a datafile column\nHere the 'plot with labels' command generates a\nC-alpha trace of retro-GCN4 peptide"
# set size square
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# set border 3
# set xlabel "X--->"
# set ylabel "Z--->"
# set key bottom right
# #
# plot 'labelplot.pdb' using 7:9 with lines notitle, \
# '' using 7:9:4 with labels tc lt 3 font "Helvetica,10" notitle
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"Read labels from a datafile column\nHere the 'plot with labels' command generates a\nC-alpha trace of retro-GCN4 peptide"
set size:"square"
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
set border:3
set xlabel:"X--->"
set ylabel:"Z--->"
set :key, :bottom, :right
plot ["'labelplot.pdb'", using:[7,9], with:"lines", notitle:true],
["''", using:[7,9,4], with:"labels", tc_lt:3, font:"Helvetica,10", notitle:true]
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# # '' using 7:9 with points notitle ps 5 lt -1
# #
# reset
#
# set title "3D version generated by splot\n(sorry, the axis scales are distorted)"
# set zrange [-15:15]
#
# set view 70,210, 1.0,1.7
# set ticslevel 0.0
#
# splot 'labelplot.pdb' using 7:8:9 with lines notitle, \
# '' using 7:8:9:4 with labels left offset 1,0 point \
# ps 2 pt 1 tc lt 3 font "Helvetica,10" notitle
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"3D version generated by splot\n(sorry, the axis scales are distorted)"
set zrange:-15..15
set view:[70,210,1.0,1.7]
set ticslevel:0.0
splot ["'labelplot.pdb'", using:[7,8,9], with:"lines", notitle:true],
["''", using:[7,8,9,4], with:"labels", left:true, offset:1],
["0", point_ps:2, pt:1, tc_lt:3, font:"Helvetica,10", notitle:true]
end
```
## variable font size
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/cities.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Demonstrates how to derive variable font size from a data file column.
# #
# # If you are viewing this via the HTML canvas terminal, be sure to toggle
# # the font scaling icon so that the fonts change size as you zoom in.
# #
# Scale(size) = 0.25*sqrt(sqrt(column(size)))
# CityName(String,Size) = sprintf("{/=%d %s}", Scale(Size), stringcolumn(String))
#
# set termoption enhanced
# set encoding utf8
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# unset key
# set border 0
# set size square
# set datafile separator "\t"
# plot 'cities.dat' using 5:4:($3 < 5000 ? "-" : CityName(1,3)) with labels
Numo.gnuplot do
run "Scale(size) = 0.25*sqrt(sqrt(column(size)))"
run "CityName(String,Size) = sprintf(\"{/=%d %s}\", Scale(Size), stringcolumn(String))"
set :termoption, :enhanced
set encoding:"utf8"
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
unset :key
set border:0
set size:"square"
set :datafile, :separator, "\t"
plot "'cities.dat'", using:'5:4:($3 < 5000 ? "-" : CityName(1,3))', with:"labels"
end
```
## string variables
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/stringvar.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Miscellaneous neat things you can do using the string variables code
# #
# set print "stringvar.tmp"
# print ""
# print "Exercise substring handling"
# print ""
# beg = 2
# end = 4
# print "beg = ",beg," end = ",end
# foo = "ABCDEF"
# print "foo = ",foo
# print "foo[3:5] = ",foo[3:5]
# print "foo[1:1] = ",foo[1:1]
# print "foo[5:3] = ",foo[5:3]
# print "foo[beg:end] = ",foo[beg:end]
# print "foo[end:beg] = ",foo[end:beg]
# print "foo[5:] = ",foo[5:]
# print "foo[5:*] = ",foo[5:*]
# print "foo[:] = ",foo[:]
# print "foo[*:*] = ",foo[*:*]
# print "foo.foo[2:2] = ",foo.foo[2:2]
# print "(foo.foo)[2:2]= ",(foo.foo)[2:2]
# print ""
# unset print
#
# set label 1 system("cat stringvar.tmp") at graph 0.1, graph 0.9
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# set yrange [0:1]
# plot 0
Numo.gnuplot do
run <($3+$1/50.)) ? "Up" : "Dn" ) with labels \
# title 'plot using 1:2:( ($3>$2) ? "Up" : "Dn" ) with labels'
Numo.gnuplot do
set xrange:0..1
set yrange:0..1
set title:"Constant string expressions as plot symbols"
set xrange:250..500
set auto:"y"
set :style, :data, :lines
plot ["'silver.dat'", u:'1:2:($3+$1/50.)', w:'filledcurves above', title:'Above'],
["''", u:'1:2:($3+$1/50.)', w:'filledcurves below', title:'Below'],
["''", u:[1,2], lt:-1, lw:0.5, notitle:true],
["''", u:'1:($3+$1/50.)', lt:3, lw:0.5, notitle:true],
["''", using:'1:2:( ($2>($3+$1/50.)) ? "Up" : "Dn" )', with:"labels", title:'plot using 1:2:( ($3>$2) ? "Up" : "Dn" ) with labels']
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# plot 'silver.dat' \
# u 1:2 lt -1 lw 0.5 notitle, \
# '' u 1:($3+$1/50.) lt 3 lw 0.5 notitle, \
# '' using 1:2:( ($2>($3+$1/50.)) ? "J" : "D" ) with labels font "WingDings,28"\
# title 'Same thing using character glyphs from WingDings font'
Numo.gnuplot do
plot ["'silver.dat'", u:[1,2], lt:-1, lw:0.5, notitle:true],
["''", u:'1:($3+$1/50.)', lt:3, lw:0.5, notitle:true],
["''", using:'1:2:( ($2>($3+$1/50.)) ? "J" : "D" )', with:"labels", font:"WingDings,28", title:'Same thing using character glyphs from WingDings font']
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# reset
# set title "String-valued functions to generate datafile names"
# set key title 'file(i) = sprintf("%1d.dat",i); N=2; M=3'
# set key left width 25 Left reverse
# N = 2
# M = 3
# file(i) = sprintf("%1d.dat",i)
# plot 5*sin(x)/x, file(N), file(M)
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set title:"String-valued functions to generate datafile names"
set :key, title:'file(i) = sprintf("%1d.dat",i); N=2; M=3'
set :key, :left, width:25, Left:true, reverse:true
run "N = 2"
run "M = 3"
run "file(i) = sprintf(\"%1d.dat\",i)"
plot "5*sin(x)/x",
"file(N)",
"file(M)"
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# reset
# fmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
# time_str = '2005-05-09 19:44:12'
# seconds = strptime(fmt, time_str)
# time_str2 = strftime(fmt, seconds+10.)
# print ''
# print 'time_str = "', time_str, '"'
# print '-> seconds = ', seconds
# print ' seconds + 10. = ', seconds+10.
# print '-> time_str2 = "', time_str2, '"'
# #
# print ""
# #
# set xdata time
# set key inside left
# #set format x '%Y-%m-%d'
# fmt = "%d/%m/%y\t%H%M"
# print "read_time(fmt, c) =" \
# . " strptime(fmt, stringcolumn(c).' '.stringcolumn(c+1))"
# read_time(fmt, c) = strptime(fmt, stringcolumn(c).' '.stringcolumn(c+1))
# plot 'timedat.dat' using (read_time(fmt,1)):3 with histeps, \
# 'timedat.dat' using (read_time(fmt,1)):($3-0.01):2 with labels title ''
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
run "fmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'"
run "time_str = '2005-05-09 19:44:12'"
run "seconds = strptime(fmt, time_str)"
run "time_str2 = strftime(fmt, seconds+10.)"
set :xdata, :time
set :key, :inside, :left
run "fmt = \"%d/%m/%y\\t%H%M\""
run "read_time(fmt, c) = strptime(fmt, stringcolumn(c).' '.stringcolumn(c+1))"
plot ["'timedat.dat'", using:'(read_time(fmt,1)):3', with:"histeps"],
["'timedat.dat'", using:'(read_time(fmt,1)):($3-0.01):2', with:"labels", title:'']
end
```
## plot key
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/key.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Illustration of key positioning commands and concept.
# #
# # Dan Sebald, 7 nov 2004
# #
# set key default
# set key box
# set key samplen .2
#
# set multiplot layout 3,3
# set key ins vert
# set key left top
# set title "Key (ins vert left top)"
# plot x,-x
# set key center top
# set title "Key (ins vert center top)"
# replot
# set key right
# set title "Key (ins vert right top)"
# replot
# set key center left
# set title "Key (ins vert center left)"
# replot
# set key cent
# set title "Key (inside vertical center)"
# replot
# set key right
# set title "Key (ins vert cent right)"
# replot
# set key bottom left
# set title "Key (ins vert bot left)"
# replot
# set key bot center
# set title "Key (ins vert bot center)"
# replot
# set key right
# set title "Key (ins vert bot right)"
# replot
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :key, :default
set :key, :box
set :key, samplen:0.2
set :multiplot, layout:[3,3]
set :key, :ins, :vert
set :key, :left, :top
set title:"Key (ins vert left top)"
plot "x",
"-x"
set :key, :center, :top
set title:"Key (ins vert center top)"
replot
set :key, :right
set title:"Key (ins vert right top)"
replot
set :key, :center, :left
set title:"Key (ins vert center left)"
replot
set :key, :cent
set title:"Key (inside vertical center)"
replot
set :key, :right
set title:"Key (ins vert cent right)"
replot
set :key, :bottom, :left
set title:"Key (ins vert bot left)"
replot
set :key, :bot, :center
set title:"Key (ins vert bot center)"
replot
set :key, :right
set title:"Key (ins vert bot right)"
replot
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set multiplot layout 3,3
# set key horiz
# set key left top
# set title "Key (ins horiz left top)"
# replot
# set key center top
# set title "Key (ins horiz center top)"
# replot
# set key right
# set title "Key (ins horiz right top)"
# replot
# set key center left
# set title "Key (ins horiz center left)"
# replot
# set key cent
# set title "Key (inside horizontal center)"
# replot
# set key right
# set title "Key (ins horiz cent right)"
# replot
# set key bottom left
# set title "Key (ins horiz bot left)"
# replot
# set key bot center
# set title "Key (ins horiz bot center)"
# replot
# set key right
# set title "Key (ins horiz bot right)"
# replot
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :multiplot, layout:[3,3]
set :key, :horiz
set :key, :left, :top
set title:"Key (ins horiz left top)"
replot
set :key, :center, :top
set title:"Key (ins horiz center top)"
replot
set :key, :right
set title:"Key (ins horiz right top)"
replot
set :key, :center, :left
set title:"Key (ins horiz center left)"
replot
set :key, :cent
set title:"Key (inside horizontal center)"
replot
set :key, :right
set title:"Key (ins horiz cent right)"
replot
set :key, :bottom, :left
set title:"Key (ins horiz bot left)"
replot
set :key, :bot, :center
set title:"Key (ins horiz bot center)"
replot
set :key, :right
set title:"Key (ins horiz bot right)"
replot
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set multiplot layout 3,3
# set key out vert
# set key left top
# set title "Key (out vert left top)"
# replot
# set key center top
# set title "Key (out vert center top)"
# replot
# set key right
# set title "Key (out vert right top)"
# replot
# set key center left
# set title "Key (out vert center left)"
# replot
# set key cent
# set title "Key (outside vertical center)"
# replot
# set key right
# set title "Key (out vert cent right)"
# replot
# set key bottom left
# set title "Key (out vert bot left)"
# replot
# set key bot center
# set title "Key (out vert bot center)"
# replot
# set key right
# set title "Key (out vert bot right)"
# replot
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :multiplot, layout:[3,3]
set :key, :out, :vert
set :key, :left, :top
set title:"Key (out vert left top)"
replot
set :key, :center, :top
set title:"Key (out vert center top)"
replot
set :key, :right
set title:"Key (out vert right top)"
replot
set :key, :center, :left
set title:"Key (out vert center left)"
replot
set :key, :cent
set title:"Key (outside vertical center)"
replot
set :key, :right
set title:"Key (out vert cent right)"
replot
set :key, :bottom, :left
set title:"Key (out vert bot left)"
replot
set :key, :bot, :center
set title:"Key (out vert bot center)"
replot
set :key, :right
set title:"Key (out vert bot right)"
replot
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set multiplot layout 3,3
# set key horiz
# set key left top
# set title "Key (out horiz left top)"
# replot
# set key center top
# set title "Key (out horiz center top)"
# replot
# set key right
# set title "Key (out horiz right top)"
# replot
# set key center left
# set title "Key (out horiz center left)"
# replot
# set key cent
# set title "Key (outside horizontal center)"
# replot
# set key right
# set title "Key (out horiz cent right)"
# replot
# set key bottom left
# set title "Key (out horiz bot left)"
# replot
# set key bot center
# set title "Key (out horiz bot center)"
# replot
# set key right
# set title "Key (out horiz bot right)"
# replot
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :multiplot, layout:[3,3]
set :key, :horiz
set :key, :left, :top
set title:"Key (out horiz left top)"
replot
set :key, :center, :top
set title:"Key (out horiz center top)"
replot
set :key, :right
set title:"Key (out horiz right top)"
replot
set :key, :center, :left
set title:"Key (out horiz center left)"
replot
set :key, :cent
set title:"Key (outside horizontal center)"
replot
set :key, :right
set title:"Key (out horiz cent right)"
replot
set :key, :bottom, :left
set title:"Key (out horiz bot left)"
replot
set :key, :bot, :center
set title:"Key (out horiz bot center)"
replot
set :key, :right
set title:"Key (out horiz bot right)"
replot
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set multiplot layout 3,3
# set key vert
# set arrow 1 from -3,0 to 3,0 nohead lt -1
# set arrow 2 from 0,-3 to 0,3 nohead lt -1
# set key at 0,0 left top
# set title "Key ( vert left top)"
# replot
# set key at 0,0 center top
# set title "Key ( vert center top)"
# replot
# set key at 0,0 right
# set title "Key ( vert right top)"
# replot
# set key at 0,0 center left
# set title "Key ( vert center left)"
# replot
# set key at 0,0 cent
# set title "Key ( vertical center)"
# replot
# set key at 0,0 right
# set title "Key ( vert cent right)"
# replot
# set key at 0,0 bottom left
# set title "Key ( vert bot left)"
# replot
# set key at 0,0 bot center
# set title "Key ( vert bot center)"
# replot
# set key at 0,0 right
# set title "Key ( vert bot right)"
# replot
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :multiplot, layout:[3,3]
set :key, :vert
set :arrow, 1, from:[-3,0], to:[3,0], nohead:true, lt:-1
set :arrow, 2, from:[0,-3], to:[0,3], nohead:true, lt:-1
set :key, at:[0,0], left:true, top:true
set title:"Key ( vert left top)"
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], center:true, top:true
set title:"Key ( vert center top)"
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], right:true
set title:"Key ( vert right top)"
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], center:true, left:true
set title:"Key ( vert center left)"
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], cent:true
set title:"Key ( vertical center)"
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], right:true
set title:"Key ( vert cent right)"
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], bottom:true, left:true
set title:"Key ( vert bot left)"
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], bot:true, center:true
set title:"Key ( vert bot center)"
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], right:true
set title:"Key ( vert bot right)"
replot
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set multiplot layout 3,3
# set key horiz
# set arrow 1 from -3,0 to 3,0 nohead lt -1
# set arrow 2 from 0,-3 to 0,3 nohead lt -1
# set key at 0,0 left top
# set title "Key ( horiz left top)"
# set xrange [-5:15]
# replot
# set key at 0,0 center top
# set title "Key ( horiz center top)"
# set xrange [-10:10]
# replot
# set key at 0,0 right
# set title "Key ( horiz right top)"
# set xrange [-15:5]
# replot
# set key at 0,0 center left
# set title "Key ( horiz center left)"
# set xrange [-5:15]
# replot
# set key at 0,0 cent
# set title "Key ( horizontal center)"
# set xrange [-10:10]
# replot
# set key at 0,0 right
# set title "Key ( horiz cent right)"
# set xrange [-15:5]
# replot
# set key at 0,0 bottom left
# set title "Key ( horiz bot left)"
# set xrange [-5:15]
# replot
# set key at 0,0 bot center
# set title "Key ( horiz bot center)"
# set xrange [-10:10]
# replot
# set key at 0,0 right
# set title "Key ( horiz bot right)"
# set xrange [-15:5]
# replot
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :multiplot, layout:[3,3]
set :key, :horiz
set :arrow, 1, from:[-3,0], to:[3,0], nohead:true, lt:-1
set :arrow, 2, from:[0,-3], to:[0,3], nohead:true, lt:-1
set :key, at:[0,0], left:true, top:true
set title:"Key ( horiz left top)"
set xrange:-5..15
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], center:true, top:true
set title:"Key ( horiz center top)"
set xrange:-10..10
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], right:true
set title:"Key ( horiz right top)"
set xrange:-15..5
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], center:true, left:true
set title:"Key ( horiz center left)"
set xrange:-5..15
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], cent:true
set title:"Key ( horizontal center)"
set xrange:-10..10
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], right:true
set title:"Key ( horiz cent right)"
set xrange:-15..5
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], bottom:true, left:true
set title:"Key ( horiz bot left)"
set xrange:-5..15
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], bot:true, center:true
set title:"Key ( horiz bot center)"
set xrange:-10..10
replot
set :key, at:[0,0], right:true
set title:"Key ( horiz bot right)"
set xrange:-15..5
replot
unset :multiplot
end
```
## multiplot layout
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/layout.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Gnuplot version 4.1 demo of multiplot
# # auto-layout capability
# #
# set multiplot layout 3, 1 title "Multiplot layout 3, 1" font ",14"
# set tmargin 2
# set title "Plot 1"
# unset key
# plot sin(x)/x
# #
# set title "Plot 2"
# unset key
# plot 'silver.dat' using 1:2 ti 'silver.dat'
# #
# set style histogram columns
# set style fill solid
# set key autotitle column
# set boxwidth 0.8
# set format y " "
# set tics scale 0
# set title "Plot 3"
# plot 'immigration.dat' using 2 with histograms, \
# '' using 7 with histograms , \
# '' using 8 with histograms , \
# '' using 11 with histograms
# #
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :multiplot, layout:[3,1], title:"Multiplot layout 3, 1", font:",14"
set tmargin:2
set title:"Plot 1"
unset :key
plot "sin(x)/x"
set title:"Plot 2"
unset :key
plot "'silver.dat'", using:[1,2], ti:'silver.dat'
set :style, histogram:"columns"
set :style, :fill_solid
set :key, autotitle:"column"
set boxwidth:0.8
set format_y:" "
set :tics, :scale, 0
set title:"Plot 3"
plot ["'immigration.dat'", using:2, with:"histograms"],
["''", using:7, with:"histograms"],
["''", using:8, with:"histograms"],
["''", using:11, with:"histograms"]
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# reset
# set multiplot layout 1,3 title "Multiplot layout 1, 3" font ",14"
# set xtics rotate
# set bmargin 5
# #
# set title "Plot 1"
# unset key
# plot sin(x)/x
# #
# set title "Plot 2"
# unset key
# plot 'silver.dat' using 1:2 ti 'silver.dat'
# #
# set title "Plot 3"
# set style histogram columns
# set style fill solid
# set key autotitle column
# set boxwidth 0.8
# set format y " "
# set tics scale 0
# plot 'immigration.dat' using 2 with histograms , \
# '' using 7 with histograms , \
# '' using 8 with histograms , \
# '' using 11 with histograms
# #
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :multiplot, layout:[1,3], title:"Multiplot layout 1, 3", font:",14"
set :xtics, :rotate
set bmargin:5
set title:"Plot 1"
unset :key
plot "sin(x)/x"
set title:"Plot 2"
unset :key
plot "'silver.dat'", using:[1,2], ti:'silver.dat'
set title:"Plot 3"
set :style, histogram:"columns"
set :style, :fill_solid
set :key, autotitle:"column"
set boxwidth:0.8
set format_y:" "
set :tics, :scale, 0
plot ["'immigration.dat'", using:2, with:"histograms"],
["''", using:7, with:"histograms"],
["''", using:8, with:"histograms"],
["''", using:11, with:"histograms"]
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# reset
# set multiplot layout 1,3 title "Same plot with a multi-line title\nshowing adjustment of plot area\n to accommodate it" font ",14"
# set xtics rotate
# set bmargin 5
# #
# set title "Plot 1"
# unset key
# plot sin(x)/x
# #
# set title "Plot 2"
# unset key
# plot 'silver.dat' using 1:2 ti 'silver.dat'
# #
# set title "Plot 3"
# set style histogram columns
# set style fill solid
# set key autotitle column
# set boxwidth 0.8
# set format y " "
# set tics scale 0
# plot 'immigration.dat' using 2 with histograms , \
# '' using 7 with histograms , \
# '' using 8 with histograms , \
# '' using 11 with histograms
# #
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :multiplot, layout:[1,3], title:"Same plot with a multi-line title\nshowing adjustment of plot area\n to accommodate it", font:",14"
set :xtics, :rotate
set bmargin:5
set title:"Plot 1"
unset :key
plot "sin(x)/x"
set title:"Plot 2"
unset :key
plot "'silver.dat'", using:[1,2], ti:'silver.dat'
set title:"Plot 3"
set :style, histogram:"columns"
set :style, :fill_solid
set :key, autotitle:"column"
set boxwidth:0.8
set format_y:" "
set :tics, :scale, 0
plot ["'immigration.dat'", using:2, with:"histograms"],
["''", using:7, with:"histograms"],
["''", using:8, with:"histograms"],
["''", using:11, with:"histograms"]
unset :multiplot
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# # Stacked Plot Demo
# #
# # Set top and bottom margins to 0 so that there is no space between plots.
# # Fix left and right margins to make sure that the alignment is perfect.
# # Turn off xtics for all plots except the bottom one.
# # In order to leave room for axis and tic labels underneath, we ask for
# # a 4-plot layout but only use the top 3 slots.
# #
# set tmargin 0
# set bmargin 0
# set lmargin 3
# set rmargin 3
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
#
# set multiplot layout 4,1 title "Auto-layout of stacked plots\n"
#
# set key autotitle column nobox samplen 1 noenhanced
# unset title
# set style data boxes
# set yrange [0 : 800000]
#
# plot 'immigration.dat' using 3 lt 1
# plot 'immigration.dat' using 8 lt 3
# set xtics nomirror
# set tics scale 0 font ",8"
# set xlabel "Immigration to U.S. by Decade"
# plot 'immigration.dat' using 21:xtic(1) lt 4
#
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
set tmargin:0
set bmargin:0
set lmargin:3
set rmargin:3
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
set :multiplot, layout:[4,1], title:"Auto-layout of stacked plots\n"
set :key, autotitle:"column", nobox:true, samplen:1, noenhanced:true
unset :title
set :style, :data, :boxes
set yrange:0..800000
plot "'immigration.dat'", using:3, lt:1
plot "'immigration.dat'", using:8, lt:3
set :xtics, :nomirror
set :tics, :scale, 0, font:",8"
set xlabel:"Immigration to U.S. by Decade"
plot "'immigration.dat'", using:'21:xtic(1)', lt:4
unset :multiplot
end
```
## multiple plots
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/multiplt.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # GNUPLOT v3.6 beta multiplot script file
# #
# # Second Order System Characteristics
# #
# # D**2 + 2*zeta*wn*D + (wn**2)y = (wn**2)*x
# #
# # x input variable
# # y output variable
# # w frequency ratio (w/wn)
# # wn natural frequency
# # wd damped natural frequency
# # zeta damping ratio
# # mag(w) amplitude response
# # phi(w) phase response
# # wdwn damped natural frequency ratio
# # wnt normalized time
# #
# # Plots:
# # Frequency domain magnitude response
# # phase response
# #
# # Time domain unit step response
# # unit impulse response
# #
# # Created by: W. D. Kirby email: [email protected]
# # Date: 1/18/96
# # Released to the public domain with no warranty of any kind
# #
# reset
# set style function lines
# set size 1.0, 1.0
# set origin 0.0, 0.0
# set multiplot
# set size 0.5,0.5
# set origin 0.0,0.5
# set grid
# unset key
# set angles radians
# set samples 250
# # Plot Magnitude Response
# set title "Second Order System Transfer Function - Magnitude"
# mag(w) = -10*log10( (1-w**2)**2 + 4*(zeta*w)**2)
# set dummy w
# set logscale x
# set xlabel "Frequency (w/wn)"
# set ylabel "Magnitude (dB)" offset 1,0
# set label 1 "Damping =.1,.2,.3,.4,.5,.707,1.0,2.0" at .14,17
# set xrange [.1:10]
# set yrange [-40:20]
# plot \
# zeta=.1,mag(w), \
# zeta=.2,mag(w), \
# zeta=.3,mag(w), \
# zeta=.4,mag(w), \
# zeta=.5,mag(w), \
# zeta=.707,mag(w), \
# zeta=1.0,mag(w), \
# zeta=2.0,mag(w),-6
# # Plot Phase Response
# set size 0.5,0.5
# set origin 0.0,0.0
# set title "Second Order System Transfer Function - Phase"
# set label 1 ""
# set ylabel "Phase (deg)" offset 1,0
# set ytics -180, 30, 0
# set yrange [-180:0]
# tmp(w) = (-180/pi)*atan( 2*zeta*w/(1-w**2) )
# # Fix for atan function wrap problem
# tmp1(w)= w<1?tmp(w):(tmp(w)-180)
# phi(w)=zeta==1?(-2*(180/pi)*atan(w)):tmp1(w)
# plot \
# zeta=.1,phi(w), \
# zeta=.2,phi(w), \
# zeta=.3,phi(w), \
# zeta=.4,phi(w), \
# zeta=.5,phi(w), \
# zeta=.707,phi(w), \
# zeta=1,phi(w), \
# zeta=2.0,phi(w), \
# -90
# # Plot Step Response
# set size 0.5,0.5
# set origin 0.5,0.5
# set dummy wnt
# unset logscale x
# set title "Second Order System - Unit Step Response"
# set ylabel "Amplitude y(wnt)" offset 1,0
# set xlabel "Normalized Time (wnt)"
# set xrange [0:20]
# set xtics 0,5,20
# set yrange [0:2.0]
# set ytics 0, .5, 2.0
# set mytics 5
# set mxtics 10
# wdwn(zeta)=sqrt(1-zeta**2)
# shift(zeta) = atan(wdwn(zeta)/zeta)
# alpha(zeta)=zeta>1?sqrt(zeta**2-1.0):0
# tau1(zeta)=1/(zeta-alpha(zeta))
# tau2(zeta)=1/(zeta+alpha(zeta))
# c1(zeta)=(zeta + alpha(zeta))/(2*alpha(zeta))
# c2(zeta)=c1(zeta)-1
# y1(wnt)=zeta==1?1 - exp(-wnt)*(wnt + 1):0
# y2(wnt)=zeta<1?(1 - (exp(-zeta*wnt)/wdwn(zeta))*sin(wdwn(zeta)*wnt + shift(zeta))):y1(wnt)
# y(wnt)=zeta>1?1-c1(zeta)*exp(-wnt/tau1(zeta))+c2(zeta)*exp(-wnt/tau2(zeta)):y2(wnt)
# plot \
# zeta=.1,y(wnt), \
# zeta=.2,y(wnt), \
# zeta=.3,y(wnt), \
# zeta=.4,y(wnt), \
# zeta=.5,y(wnt), \
# zeta=.707,y(wnt), \
# zeta=1,y(wnt), \
# zeta=2,y(wnt)
# #
# # Plot Impulse Response
# set origin .5,0.
# set title "Second Order System - Unit Impulse Response"
# y(wnt)=exp(-zeta*wnt) * sin(wdwn(zeta)*wnt) / wdwn(zeta)
# set yrange [-1. :1.]
# set ytics -1,.5,1.
# plot \
# zeta=.1,y(wnt), \
# zeta=.2,y(wnt), \
# zeta=.3,y(wnt), \
# zeta=.4,y(wnt), \
# zeta=.5,y(wnt), \
# zeta=.707,y(wnt), \
# zeta=1,y(wnt), \
# zeta=2,y(wnt)
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set :style, :function, :lines
set size:[1.0,1.0]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set :multiplot
set size:[0.5,0.5]
set origin:[0.0,0.5]
set :grid
unset :key
set angles:"radians"
set samples:250
set title:"Second Order System Transfer Function - Magnitude"
run "mag(w) = -10*log10( (1-w**2)**2 + 4*(zeta*w)**2)"
set dummy:"w"
set logscale:"x"
set xlabel:"Frequency (w/wn)"
set ylabel:"Magnitude (dB)", offset:[1,0]
set :label, 1, "Damping =.1,.2,.3,.4,.5,.707,1.0,2.0", at:[0.14,17]
set xrange:0.1..10
set yrange:-40..20
plot "zeta=.1",
"mag(w)",
"zeta=.2",
"mag(w)",
"zeta=.3",
"mag(w)",
"zeta=.4",
"mag(w)",
"zeta=.5",
"mag(w)",
"zeta=.707",
"mag(w)",
"zeta=1.0",
"mag(w)",
"zeta=2.0",
"mag(w)",
"-6"
set size:[0.5,0.5]
set origin:[0.0,0.0]
set title:"Second Order System Transfer Function - Phase"
set :label, 1, ""
set ylabel:"Phase (deg)", offset:[1,0]
set ytics:[-180,30,0]
set yrange:-180..0
run "tmp(w) = (-180/pi)*atan( 2*zeta*w/(1-w**2) )"
run "tmp1(w)= w<1?tmp(w):(tmp(w)-180)"
run "phi(w)=zeta==1?(-2*(180/pi)*atan(w)):tmp1(w)"
plot "zeta=.1",
"phi(w)",
"zeta=.2",
"phi(w)",
"zeta=.3",
"phi(w)",
"zeta=.4",
"phi(w)",
"zeta=.5",
"phi(w)",
"zeta=.707",
"phi(w)",
"zeta=1",
"phi(w)",
"zeta=2.0",
"phi(w)",
"-90"
set size:[0.5,0.5]
set origin:[0.5,0.5]
set dummy:"wnt"
unset logscale:"x"
set title:"Second Order System - Unit Step Response"
set ylabel:"Amplitude y(wnt)", offset:[1,0]
set xlabel:"Normalized Time (wnt)"
set xrange:0..20
set xtics:[0,5,20]
set yrange:0..2.0
set ytics:[0,0.5,2.0]
set mytics:5
set mxtics:10
run "wdwn(zeta)=sqrt(1-zeta**2)"
run "shift(zeta) = atan(wdwn(zeta)/zeta)"
run "alpha(zeta)=zeta>1?sqrt(zeta**2-1.0):0"
run "tau1(zeta)=1/(zeta-alpha(zeta))"
run "tau2(zeta)=1/(zeta+alpha(zeta))"
run "c1(zeta)=(zeta + alpha(zeta))/(2*alpha(zeta))"
run "c2(zeta)=c1(zeta)-1"
run "y1(wnt)=zeta==1?1 - exp(-wnt)*(wnt + 1):0"
run "y2(wnt)=zeta<1?(1 - (exp(-zeta*wnt)/wdwn(zeta))*sin(wdwn(zeta)*wnt + shift(zeta))):y1(wnt)"
run "y(wnt)=zeta>1?1-c1(zeta)*exp(-wnt/tau1(zeta))+c2(zeta)*exp(-wnt/tau2(zeta)):y2(wnt)"
plot "zeta=.1",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=.2",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=.3",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=.4",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=.5",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=.707",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=1",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=2",
"y(wnt)"
set origin:[0.5,0.0]
set title:"Second Order System - Unit Impulse Response"
run "y(wnt)=exp(-zeta*wnt) * sin(wdwn(zeta)*wnt) / wdwn(zeta)"
set yrange:-1.0..1.0
set ytics:[-1,0.5,1.0]
plot "zeta=.1",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=.2",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=.3",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=.4",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=.5",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=.707",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=1",
"y(wnt)",
"zeta=2",
"y(wnt)"
unset :multiplot
end
```
## aligned plots
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/margins.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Demonstrate use of 'set {btlr}margin at screen '
# # to pin plot borders to a specific place on the canvas.
# # This allows positioning multiple plots on the page so that their
# # corners line up perfectly.
# #
# # Aug 2006 - Ethan A Merritt
# #
#
# set multiplot title "Demo of placing multiple plots (2D and 3D)\nwith explicit alignment of plot borders"
#
# #
# # First plot (large)
# #
# set lmargin at screen 0.20
# set rmargin at screen 0.85
# set bmargin at screen 0.25
# set tmargin at screen 0.90
#
# set pm3d
# set palette rgbformulae 7, 5, 15
# set view map
# set samples 50, 50
# set isosamples 50, 50
# unset surface
# set xrange [ -15.00 : 15.00 ]
# set yrange [ -15.00 : 15.00 ]
# set zrange [ -0.250 : 1.000 ]
#
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
#
# set key above
#
# splot sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2))/sqrt(x**2+y**2)
#
# unset pm3d
# unset key
#
# #
# # second plot (tall and narrow; at left of main plot)
# #
# set lmargin at screen 0.10
# set rmargin at screen 0.20
#
# set ytics
#
# set parametric
# set dummy u,v
# set view map
#
# f(h) = sin(sqrt(h**2))/sqrt(h**2)
#
# set urange [ -15.00 : 15.00 ]
# set vrange [ -15.00 : 15.00 ]
# set xrange [*:*]
# set surface
#
# splot f(u), u, 0 with lines lc rgb "green"
#
# unset parametric
#
# #
# # third plot (short and wide; at bottom of main plot)
# #
# set lmargin at screen 0.20
# set rmargin at screen 0.85
# set bmargin at screen 0.10
# set tmargin at screen 0.25
#
# set xrange [ -15.00 : 15.00 ]
# set yrange [ * : * ]
# set xtics
# unset ytics
#
# y = 0
# plot sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2))/sqrt(x**2+y**2)
#
# unset multiplot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :multiplot, title:"Demo of placing multiple plots (2D and 3D)\nwith explicit alignment of plot borders"
set :lmargin, :at, screen:0.20
set :rmargin, :at, screen:0.85
set :bmargin, :at, screen:0.25
set :tmargin, :at, screen:0.90
set :pm3d
set :palette, rgbformulae:[7,5,15]
set view:'map'
set samples:[50,50]
set isosamples:[50,50]
unset :surface
set xrange:-15.00..15.00
set yrange:-15.00..15.00
set zrange:-0.250..1.000
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
set :key, "above"
splot "sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2))/sqrt(x**2+y**2)"
unset :pm3d
unset :key
set :lmargin, :at, screen:0.10
set :rmargin, :at, screen:0.20
set :ytics
set :parametric
set dummy:"u,v"
set view:'map'
run "f(h) = sin(sqrt(h**2))/sqrt(h**2)"
set urange:-15.00..15.00
set vrange:-15.00..15.00
set xrange:"[*:*]"
set :surface
splot "f(u)",
"u",
["0", with:"lines", lc_rgb:"green"]
unset :parametric
set :lmargin, :at, screen:0.20
set :rmargin, :at, screen:0.85
set :bmargin, :at, screen:0.10
set :tmargin, :at, screen:0.25
set xrange:-15.00..15.00
set yrange:"[*:*]"
set :xtics
unset :ytics
run "y = 0"
plot "sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2))/sqrt(x**2+y**2)"
unset :multiplot
end
```
## axis location
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/ellipse.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Ethan A Merritt - Feb 2007
# # This demo requires support for 'set object ellipse'
# # Also it uses the file 'random.tmp' created by random.dem
# #
# if ((GPVAL_VERSION == 4.3 || GPVAL_VERSION == 4.2) \
# && (!strstrt(GPVAL_COMPILE_OPTIONS,"+OBJECTS"))) \
# print ">>> Skipping demo <<<\n" ; \
# print "This copy of gnuplot was built without support for placing ellipses\n" ; \
# exit ;
#
# unset key
# set xrange [-8:8]
# set yrange [-8:8]
# set size ratio 1.0
# set zeroaxis
# set border 0
# set xtics axis
# set ytics axis
# set tics scale 0.5
# set format xy ""
#
# set title 'Example of `set object ellipse`'
#
# set object 1 ellipse center 1.5,1.0 size 2.,4. angle 20. front fillstyle empty border -1
# set obj 2 ellipse center 1.5, 1 size 6, 12 angle 20 front fs empty bo 3
#
# A = pi/9.
# plot 'random.tmp' using (1.5 + $1*cos(A)-2.*$2*sin(A)):(1.0 + $1*sin(A)+2.*$2*cos(A)) with dots
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :key
set xrange:-8..8
set yrange:-8..8
set :size, :ratio, 1.0
set :zeroaxis
set border:0
set :xtics, :axis
set :ytics, :axis
set :tics, :scale, 0.5
set format_xy:""
set title:'Example of `set object ellipse`'
set :object, 1, :ellipse, center:[1.5,1.0], size:[2.0,4.0], angle:20.0, front:true, fillstyle:true, empty:true, border:-1
set :obj, 2, :ellipse, center:[1.5,1], size:[6,12], angle:20, front:true, fs:true, empty:true, bo:3
run "A = pi/9."
plot "'random.tmp'", using:'(1.5 + $1*cos(A)-2.*$2*sin(A)):(1.0 + $1*sin(A)+2.*$2*cos(A))', with:"dots"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set title 'Example of range-limited axes and tics'
#
# set tics out scale 0.5
# set xtics 1.0 border rangelimited nomirror
# set ytics 1.0 border rangelimited nomirror
# set format xy "%.0f"
# set border 3
#
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:'Example of range-limited axes and tics'
set :tics, :out, scale:0.5
set xtics:1.0, border:"rangelimited", nomirror:true
set ytics:1.0, border:"rangelimited", nomirror:true
set format_xy:"%.0f"
set border:3
replot
end
```
## axis ticmarks
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/tics.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # demo for tics settings
#
# set xlabel "x"
# set ylabel "y"
# set mxtics
#
# set title "Default tics settings"
# set xrange [-15:15]
# set yrange [-0.25:1]
# plot sin(sqrt(x**2))/sqrt(x**2) notitle
Numo.gnuplot do
set xlabel:"x"
set ylabel:"y"
set :mxtics
set title:"Default tics settings"
set xrange:-15..15
set yrange:-0.25..1
plot "sin(sqrt(x**2))/sqrt(x**2)", :notitle
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set title "Different modification of tics settings"
# set tics scale 3,2 rotate by 45
# set xtics out offset 0,-1.0
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Different modification of tics settings"
set :tics, :scale, [3,2], rotate_by:45
set :xtics, :out, offset:[0,-1.0]
replot
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set xtics textcolor rgb "red" norotate
# set ytics rotate by 90 offset 2,0
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :xtics, :textcolor, rgb:"red", norotate:true
set :ytics, :rotate, by:90, offset:[2,0]
replot
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set title "Modification of tics settings (pm3d map with colorbar)"
# set pm3d map
# set border 4095
# set samples 25
# set isosamples 20
# set palette color positive
# set samples 50; set isosamples 50
# set tics norotate nooffset
# set cbtics in scale 4
# set xrange [-15:15]
# set yrange [-15:15]
# set zrange [-0.25:1]
# splot sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2))/sqrt(x**2+y**2) notitle
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Modification of tics settings (pm3d map with colorbar)"
set :pm3d, :map
set border:4095
set samples:25
set isosamples:20
set :palette, color:"positive"
set samples:50; set isosamples:50
set :tics, :norotate, :nooffset
set :cbtics, :in, scale:4
set xrange:-15..15
set yrange:-15..15
set zrange:-0.25..1
splot "sin(sqrt(x**2+y**2))/sqrt(x**2+y**2)", :notitle
end
```
## rectangles
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/rectangle.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # demo for the use of "set object rectangle"
# #
# # Ethan A Merritt - 2006
#
# if ((GPVAL_VERSION == 4.3 || GPVAL_VERSION == 4.2) \
# && (!strstrt(GPVAL_COMPILE_OPTIONS,"+OBJECTS"))) \
# print ">>> Skipping demo <<<\n" ; \
# print "This copy of gnuplot was built without support for placing rectangles\n" ; \
# exit ;
#
# set style line 1 bgnd
# set style line 2 lt rgb "cyan"
#
# set object 1 rect from 0,0 to 1,4 fc lt 2
# set object 2 rect from -1,1 to 0,5 fc rgb "gold"
# set object 5 rect from 0, -3 to 2, -2 fc ls 2 fs pattern 1 bo -1
#
# set style fill pattern 2 bo 1
#
# #
# # Illustrate putting a different color under the key box
# #
# set key nobox
# set object 7 rect from graph 0.65,graph 0.85 to graph 0.99, graph 0.99 fc ls 1
#
# #
# # Illustrate using character widths to put a box around a label
# #
# LABEL = "Label in a box"
# set obj 10 rect at -3,-4 size char strlen(LABEL), char 1
# set obj 10 fillstyle empty border -1 front
# set label 10 LABEL at -3,-4 front center
#
# set obj 9 rect from -4, -4 to -4, -3 fc lt -1
#
# set obj 20 rect from graph 0, graph 0 to graph 1, graph 1 fs solid 0.15 fc rgb "#FFD700" behind
#
# plot [-5:5] x, -3+sin(x*5)/x lt 3 lw 3
Numo.gnuplot do
set :style, :line, 1, :bgnd
set :style, :line, 2, lt_rgb:"cyan"
set :object, 1, "rect", from:[0,0], to:[1,4], fc:true, lt:2
set :object, 2, "rect", from:[-1,1], to:[0,5], fc_rgb:"gold"
set :object, 5, "rect", from:[0,-3], to:[2,-2], fc:true, ls:2, fs:true, pattern:1, bo:-1
set :style, :fill, pattern:2, bo:1
set :key, :nobox
set :object, 7, "rect", from:"graph 0.65,graph 0.85", to:"graph 0.99, graph 0.99", fc:true, ls:1
run "LABEL = \"Label in a box\""
set :obj, 10, "rect", at:[-3,-4], size:"char strlen(LABEL), char 1"
set :obj, 10, :fillstyle, :empty, border:-1, front:true
set :label, 10, :'LABEL', at:[-3,-4], front:true, center:true
set :obj, 9, "rect", from:[-4,-4], to:[-4,-3], fc:true, lt:-1
set :obj, 20, "rect", from:"graph 0, graph 0", to:"graph 1, graph 1", fs_solid:0.15, fc_rgb:"#FFD700", behind:true
plot -5..5,
"x",
["-3+sin(x*5)/x", lt:3, lw:3]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# reset
#
# #
# # Requires data file "using.dat" from this directory,
# # so change current working directory to this directory before running.
# #
#
# set xrange [1:8]
# set title "Convex November 1-7 1989"
# set key below
# set label "(Weekend)" at 5,25 center
#
# set style rect fc lt -1 fs solid 0.15 noborder
#
# set obj rect from 1, graph 0 to 2, graph 1
# set obj rect from 3, graph 0 to 4, graph 1
# set obj rect from 5, graph 0 to 6, graph 1
# set obj rect from 7, graph 0 to 8, graph 1
#
# plot 'using.dat' using 3:4 title "Logged in" with impulses,\
# 'using.dat' using 3:5 t "Load average" with points,\
# 'using.dat' using 3:6 t "%CPU used" with lines
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set xrange:1..8
set title:"Convex November 1-7 1989"
set :key, "below"
set label:"(Weekend)", at:[5,25], center:true
set :style, "rect", :fc, lt:-1, fs_solid:0.15, noborder:true
set :obj, "rect", from:"1, graph 0", to:"2, graph 1"
set :obj, "rect", from:"3, graph 0", to:"4, graph 1"
set :obj, "rect", from:"5, graph 0", to:"6, graph 1"
set :obj, "rect", from:"7, graph 0", to:"8, graph 1"
plot ["'using.dat'", using:[3,4], title:"Logged in", with:"impulses"],
["'using.dat'", using:[3,5], t:"Load average", with:"points"],
["'using.dat'", using:[3,6], t:"%CPU used", with:"lines"]
end
```
## line styles
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/dashcolor.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Demonstrate explicit choice of both dot/dash pattern (linetype) and color (linecolor).
# #
# set termoption dash
#
# reset
# set xrange [-0.5:3.5]
# set yrange [-1:1.4]
# set bmargin 7
# unset ytics
# unset xtics
# #
# set title "Independent colors and dot/dash styles"
# unset colorbox
# #
# # define line styles using explicit rgbcolor names
# #
# set style line 1 lt 2 lc rgb "red" lw 3
# set style line 2 lt 2 lc rgb "orange" lw 2
# set style line 3 lt 2 lc rgb "yellow" lw 3
# set style line 4 lt 2 lc rgb "green" lw 2
# #
# set label 1 'set style line 1 lt 2 lc rgb "red" lw 3' at -0.4, -0.25 tc rgb "red"
# set label 2 'set style line 2 lt 2 lc rgb "orange" lw 2' at -0.4, -0.35 tc rgb "orange"
# set label 3 'set style line 3 lt 2 lc rgb "yellow" lw 3' at -0.4, -0.45 tc rgb "yellow"
# set label 4 'set style line 4 lt 2 lc rgb "green" lw 2' at -0.4, -0.55 tc rgb "green"
# set label 5 'plot ... lt 1 lc 3 ' at -0.4, -0.65 tc lt 3
# set label 6 'plot ... lt 3 lc 3 ' at -0.4, -0.75 tc lt 3
# set label 7 'plot ... lt 5 lc 3 ' at -0.4, -0.85 tc lt 3
# #
# set xlabel "You will only see dashed lines if your current terminal setting permits it"
# #
# show style line
# #
# # draw some plots
# #
# plot cos(x) ls 1 title 'ls 1', \
# cos(x-.2) ls 2 title 'ls 2',\
# cos(x-.4) ls 3 title 'ls 3',\
# cos(x-.6) ls 4 title 'ls 4', \
# cos(x-.8) lt 1 lc 3 title 'lt 1 lc 3', \
# cos(x-1.) lt 3 lc 3 title 'lt 3 lc 3', \
# cos(x-1.2) lt 5 lc 3 title 'lt 5 lc 3'
Numo.gnuplot do
set :termoption, :dash
reset
set xrange:-0.5..3.5
set yrange:-1..1.4
set bmargin:7
unset :ytics
unset :xtics
set title:"Independent colors and dot/dash styles"
unset :colorbox
set :style, :line, 1, lt:2, lc_rgb:"red", lw:3
set :style, :line, 2, lt:2, lc_rgb:"orange", lw:2
set :style, :line, 3, lt:2, lc_rgb:"yellow", lw:3
set :style, :line, 4, lt:2, lc_rgb:"green", lw:2
set :label, 1, 'set style line 1 lt 2 lc rgb "red" lw 3', at:[-0.4,-0.25], tc_rgb:"red"
set :label, 2, 'set style line 2 lt 2 lc rgb "orange" lw 2', at:[-0.4,-0.35], tc_rgb:"orange"
set :label, 3, 'set style line 3 lt 2 lc rgb "yellow" lw 3', at:[-0.4,-0.45], tc_rgb:"yellow"
set :label, 4, 'set style line 4 lt 2 lc rgb "green" lw 2', at:[-0.4,-0.55], tc_rgb:"green"
set :label, 5, 'plot ... lt 1 lc 3 ', at:[-0.4,-0.65], tc_lt:3
set :label, 6, 'plot ... lt 3 lc 3 ', at:[-0.4,-0.75], tc_lt:3
set :label, 7, 'plot ... lt 5 lc 3 ', at:[-0.4,-0.85], tc_lt:3
set xlabel:"You will only see dashed lines if your current terminal setting permits it"
show :style, :line
plot ["cos(x)", ls:1, title:'ls 1'],
["cos(x-.2)", ls:2, title:'ls 2'],
["cos(x-.4)", ls:3, title:'ls 3'],
["cos(x-.6)", ls:4, title:'ls 4'],
["cos(x-.8)", lt:1, lc:3, title:'lt 1 lc 3'],
["cos(x-1.)", lt:3, lc:3, title:'lt 3 lc 3'],
["cos(x-1.2)", lt:5, lc:3, title:'lt 5 lc 3']
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# unset for [i=1:8] label i
# set title "The pointinterval property is another way to create interrupted lines"
# set xlabel "This technique works best for equally spaced data points"
# set bmargin 6
# set offset .05, .05
# set xrange [-0.5:3.3]
# set style func linespoints
#
# plot cos(x) lt -1 pi -4 pt 6 title 'pi -4', \
# cos(x-.8) lt -1 pi -3 pt 7 ps 0.2 title 'pi -3 pt 7 ps 0.2', \
# cos(x-.2) lt -1 pi -6 pt 7 title 'pi -6',\
# cos(x-.4) lt -1 pi -3 pt 4 title 'pi -3',\
# cos(x-.6) lt -1 pi -5 pt 5 title 'pi -5', \
# cos(x-1.) with line lt -1 notitle, \
# cos(x+.2) with line lt -1 lw 2 title 'lw 2'
Numo.gnuplot do
unset "for [i=1:8] label i"
set title:"The pointinterval property is another way to create interrupted lines"
set xlabel:"This technique works best for equally spaced data points"
set bmargin:6
set offset:[0.05,0.05]
set xrange:-0.5..3.3
set :style, :func, :linespoints
plot ["cos(x)", lt:-1, pi:-4, pt:6, title:'pi -4'],
["cos(x-.8)", lt:-1, pi:-3, pt:7, ps:0.2, title:'pi -3 pt 7 ps 0.2'],
["cos(x-.2)", lt:-1, pi:-6, pt:7, title:'pi -6'],
["cos(x-.4)", lt:-1, pi:-3, pt:4, title:'pi -3'],
["cos(x-.6)", lt:-1, pi:-5, pt:5, title:'pi -5'],
["cos(x-1.)", with:"line", lt:-1, notitle:true],
["cos(x+.2)", with:"line", lt:-1, lw:2, title:'lw 2']
end
```
## fill styles
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/fillstyle.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # E A Merritt 24-Sep-2002
# #
# # Demo for revised fillstyle code selected by
# # ./configure --enable-filledboxes --enable-relative-boxwidth
# #
# reset
#
# set samples 25
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# set yrange [0:120]
#
# set title "A demonstration of boxes with default properties"
# plot [-10:10] 100/(1.0+x*x) title 'distribution' with boxes
Numo.gnuplot do
reset
set samples:25
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
set yrange:0..120
set title:"A demonstration of boxes with default properties"
plot -10..10,
"100/(1.0+x*x)", title:'distribution', with:"boxes"
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set title "A demonstration of boxes with style fill solid 1.0"
# set style fill solid 1.0
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"A demonstration of boxes with style fill solid 1.0"
set :style, fill_solid:1.0
replot
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set title "A demonstration of boxes with style fill solid border -1"
# set style fill solid border -1
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"A demonstration of boxes with style fill solid border -1"
set :style, :fill_solid, border:-1
replot
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set title "Filled boxes of reduced width"
# set boxwidth 0.5
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Filled boxes of reduced width"
set boxwidth:0.5
replot
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set title "Filled boxes at 50% fill density"
# set style fill solid 0.25 border
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Filled boxes at 50% fill density"
set :style, fill_solid:0.25, border:true
replot
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set title "A demonstration of boxes with style fill solid 0.25 noborder"
# set style fill solid 0.25 noborder
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"A demonstration of boxes with style fill solid 0.25 noborder"
set :style, fill_solid:0.25, noborder:true
replot
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# set title "A demonstration of boxes in mono with style fill pattern"
# set samples 11
# set boxwidth 0.5
# set style fill pattern border
# plot [-2.5:4.5] 100/(1.0+x*x) title 'pattern 0' with boxes lt -1, \
# 80/(1.0+x*x) title 'pattern 1' with boxes lt -1, \
# 40/(1.0+x*x) title 'pattern 2' with boxes lt -1, \
# 20/(1.0+x*x) title 'pattern 3' with boxes lt -1
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"A demonstration of boxes in mono with style fill pattern"
set samples:11
set boxwidth:0.5
set :style, :fill, :pattern, :border
plot -2.5..4.5,
["100/(1.0+x*x)", title:'pattern 0', with:"boxes", lt:-1],
["80/(1.0+x*x)", title:'pattern 1', with:"boxes", lt:-1],
["40/(1.0+x*x)", title:'pattern 2', with:"boxes", lt:-1],
["20/(1.0+x*x)", title:'pattern 3', with:"boxes", lt:-1]
end
```
## arrow styles
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/arrowstyle.html)
### 1
```ruby
# set xrange [-1000:1000]
# set yrange [-178:86]
# set tics scale 0
#
# set style line 1 lt 1 lw 2
# set style line 2 lt 3 lw 2
#
# set style arrow 1 head filled size screen 0.025,30,45 ls 1
# set style arrow 2 head nofilled size screen 0.03,15 ls 2
# set style arrow 3 head filled size screen 0.03,15,45 ls 1
# set style arrow 4 head filled size screen 0.03,15 ls 2
# set style arrow 5 heads filled size screen 0.03,15,135 ls 1
# set style arrow 6 head empty size screen 0.03,15,135 ls 2
# set style arrow 7 nohead ls 1
# set style arrow 8 heads size screen 0.008,90 ls 2
#
# print ' We have defined the following arrowstyles:'
# show style arrow
#
# set arrow from -500,-100 to 500,-100 as 1
# set arrow from -500,-110 to 500,-110 as 2
# set arrow from -500,-120 to 500,-120 as 3
# set arrow from -500,-130 to 500,-130 as 4
# set arrow from -500,-140 to 500,-140 as 5
# set arrow from -500,-150 to 500,-150 as 6
# set arrow from -500,-160 to 500,-160 as 7
# set arrow from -500,-170 to 500,-170 as 8
#
# set label 'arrowstyle 1:' at -520,-100 right
# set label 'arrowstyle 2:' at -520,-110 right
# set label 'arrowstyle 3:' at -520,-120 right
# set label 'arrowstyle 4:' at -520,-130 right
# set label 'arrowstyle 5:' at -520,-140 right
# set label 'arrowstyle 6:' at -520,-150 right
# set label 'arrowstyle 7:' at -520,-160 right
# set label 'arrowstyle 8:' at -520,-170 right
#
# set title 'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 1, Bottom: explicit arrows'
# plot \
# 'arrowstyle.dat' using 1:2:(0):3 notitle with vectors arrowstyle 1
Numo.gnuplot do
set xrange:-1000..1000
set yrange:-178..86
set :tics, :scale, 0
set :style, :line, 1, lt:1, lw:2
set :style, :line, 2, lt:3, lw:2
set :style, arrow:1, head:true, filled:true, size_screen:[0.025,30,45], ls:1
set :style, arrow:2, head:true, nofilled:true, size_screen:[0.03,15], ls:2
set :style, arrow:3, head:true, filled:true, size_screen:[0.03,15,45], ls:1
set :style, arrow:4, head:true, filled:true, size_screen:[0.03,15], ls:2
set :style, arrow:5, heads:true, filled:true, size_screen:[0.03,15,135], ls:1
set :style, arrow:6, head:true, empty:true, size_screen:[0.03,15,135], ls:2
set :style, arrow:7, nohead:true, ls:1
set :style, arrow:8, heads:true, size_screen:[0.008,90], ls:2
show :style, :arrow
set :arrow, from:[-500,-100], to:[500,-100], as:1
set :arrow, from:[-500,-110], to:[500,-110], as:2
set :arrow, from:[-500,-120], to:[500,-120], as:3
set :arrow, from:[-500,-130], to:[500,-130], as:4
set :arrow, from:[-500,-140], to:[500,-140], as:5
set :arrow, from:[-500,-150], to:[500,-150], as:6
set :arrow, from:[-500,-160], to:[500,-160], as:7
set :arrow, from:[-500,-170], to:[500,-170], as:8
set label:'arrowstyle 1:', at:[-520,-100], right:true
set label:'arrowstyle 2:', at:[-520,-110], right:true
set label:'arrowstyle 3:', at:[-520,-120], right:true
set label:'arrowstyle 4:', at:[-520,-130], right:true
set label:'arrowstyle 5:', at:[-520,-140], right:true
set label:'arrowstyle 6:', at:[-520,-150], right:true
set label:'arrowstyle 7:', at:[-520,-160], right:true
set label:'arrowstyle 8:', at:[-520,-170], right:true
set title:'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 1, Bottom: explicit arrows'
plot "'arrowstyle.dat'", using:'1:2:(0):3', notitle:true, with:"vectors", arrowstyle:1
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set title 'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 2, Bottom: explicit arrows'
# plot \
# 'arrowstyle.dat' using 1:2:(0):3 notitle with vectors arrowstyle 2
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 2, Bottom: explicit arrows'
plot "'arrowstyle.dat'", using:'1:2:(0):3', notitle:true, with:"vectors", arrowstyle:2
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set title 'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 3, Bottom: explicit arrows'
# plot \
# 'arrowstyle.dat' using 1:2:(0):3 notitle with vectors arrowstyle 3
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 3, Bottom: explicit arrows'
plot "'arrowstyle.dat'", using:'1:2:(0):3', notitle:true, with:"vectors", arrowstyle:3
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set title 'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 4, Bottom: explicit arrows'
# plot \
# 'arrowstyle.dat' using 1:2:(0):3 notitle with vectors arrowstyle 4
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 4, Bottom: explicit arrows'
plot "'arrowstyle.dat'", using:'1:2:(0):3', notitle:true, with:"vectors", arrowstyle:4
end
```
### 5
```ruby
# set title 'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 5, Bottom: explicit arrows'
# plot \
# 'arrowstyle.dat' using 1:2:(0):3 notitle with vectors arrowstyle 5
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 5, Bottom: explicit arrows'
plot "'arrowstyle.dat'", using:'1:2:(0):3', notitle:true, with:"vectors", arrowstyle:5
end
```
### 6
```ruby
# set title 'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 6, Bottom: explicit arrows'
# plot \
# 'arrowstyle.dat' using 1:2:(0):3 notitle with vectors arrowstyle 6
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 6, Bottom: explicit arrows'
plot "'arrowstyle.dat'", using:'1:2:(0):3', notitle:true, with:"vectors", arrowstyle:6
end
```
### 7
```ruby
# set title 'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 7, Bottom: explicit arrows'
# plot \
# 'arrowstyle.dat' using 1:2:(0):3 notitle with vectors arrowstyle 7
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 7, Bottom: explicit arrows'
plot "'arrowstyle.dat'", using:'1:2:(0):3', notitle:true, with:"vectors", arrowstyle:7
end
```
### 8
```ruby
# set title 'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 8, Bottom: explicit arrows'
# plot \
# 'arrowstyle.dat' using 1:2:(0):3 notitle with vectors arrowstyle 8
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:'Top: plot with vectors arrowstyle 8, Bottom: explicit arrows'
plot "'arrowstyle.dat'", using:'1:2:(0):3', notitle:true, with:"vectors", arrowstyle:8
end
```
### 9
```ruby
# #reset
#
# #
# # Show plot with data style vectors
# #
# set title "Plot 'file' with vectors "
# set key box opaque
# set xrange [*:*]
# set yrange [*:10]
# set for [i=1:8] style arrow i lc i
# plot '1.dat' using 1:2:(+1):(+1) with vectors lt 4 filled title 'filled', \
# '2.dat' using 1:2:(+1):(+1) with vectors lt 1 heads title 'double-headed', \
# '2.dat' using ($1):(2-$2/3):(+1):(+2.5):(int($0)%8 + 1) with vectors as var ti 'arrowstyle variable'
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Plot 'file' with vectors "
set :key, :box, :opaque
set xrange:"[*:*]"
set yrange:"[*:10]"
set "for [i=1:8] style arrow i lc i"
plot ["'1.dat'", using:'1:2:(+1):(+1)', with:"vectors", lt:4, filled:true, title:'filled'],
["'2.dat'", using:'1:2:(+1):(+1)', with:"vectors", lt:1, heads:true, title:'double-headed'],
["'2.dat'", using:'($1):(2-$2/3):(+1):(+2.5):(int($0)%8 + 1)', with:"vectors", as:"var", ti:'arrowstyle variable']
end
```
## transparency
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/transparent.html)
### 1
```ruby
# # Example of transparent fill areas
# # Ethan A Merritt - Aug 2006
# # NB:
# # Not all terminal types support transparency
# # Assumes UTF-8 support for plot titles
# #
# set style fill solid 1.0 noborder
# set style function filledcurves y1=0
# set clip two
#
# Gauss(x,mu,sigma) = 1./(sigma*sqrt(2*pi)) * exp( -(x-mu)**2 / (2*sigma**2) )
# d1(x) = Gauss(x, 0.5, 0.5)
# d2(x) = Gauss(x, 2., 1.)
# d3(x) = Gauss(x, -1., 2.)
#
# set xrange [-5:5]
# set yrange [0:1]
#
# unset colorbox
#
# set key title "Gaussian Distribution"
# set key top left Left reverse samplen 1
#
# #set obj 1 rect from graph 0,0 to graph 1,1
# #set obj 1 rect back fs solid 0.25 fc lt 4
#
# set title "Solid filled curves"
# plot d1(x) fs solid 1.0 lc rgb "forest-green" title "μ = 0.5 σ = 0.5", \
# d2(x) lc rgb "gold" title "μ = 2.0 σ = 1.0", \
# d3(x) lc rgb "red" title "μ = -1.0 σ = 2.0"
Numo.gnuplot do
set :style, fill_solid:1.0, noborder:true
set :style, function:'filledcurves y1=0'
set clip:"two"
run "Gauss(x,mu,sigma) = 1./(sigma*sqrt(2*pi)) * exp( -(x-mu)**2 / (2*sigma**2) )"
run "d1(x) = Gauss(x, 0.5, 0.5)"
run "d2(x) = Gauss(x, 2., 1.)"
run "d3(x) = Gauss(x, -1., 2.)"
set xrange:-5..5
set yrange:0..1
unset :colorbox
set :key, title:"Gaussian Distribution"
set :key, :top, :left, :Left, :reverse, samplen:1
set title:"Solid filled curves"
plot ["d1(x)", fs_solid:1.0, lc_rgb:"forest-green", title:"μ = 0.5 σ = 0.5"],
["d2(x)", lc_rgb:"gold", title:"μ = 2.0 σ = 1.0"],
["d3(x)", lc_rgb:"red", title:"μ = -1.0 σ = 2.0"]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# set style fill transparent solid 0.5 noborder
# set title "Transparent filled curves"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :style, fill:"transparent", solid:0.5, noborder:true
set title:"Transparent filled curves"
replot
end
```
### 3
```ruby
# set style fill pattern 4 bo
# set title "Pattern-filled curves"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :style, :fill, pattern:4, bo:true
set title:"Pattern-filled curves"
replot
end
```
### 4
```ruby
# set style fill transparent pattern 4 bo
# set title "Transparent pattern-filled curves"
# replot
Numo.gnuplot do
set :style, fill:"transparent", pattern:4, bo:true
set title:"Transparent pattern-filled curves"
replot
end
```
## transparent solids
[Original Demo](http://gnuplot.sourceforge.net/demo_4.6/transparent_solids.html)
### 1
```ruby
# set title "Interlocking Tori - PM3D surface with depth sorting and transparency"
#
# unset border
# unset key
# set object 1 rect from screen 0, 0, 0 to screen 1, 1, 0 behind
# set object 1 rect fc rgb "gray" fillstyle solid 1.0 border -1
# set view 64, 345, 1.24375, 0.995902
# set isosamples 50, 20
# unset xtics
# unset ytics
# unset ztics
# set parametric
# set dummy u,v
# set urange [ -pi : pi ]
# set vrange [ -pi : pi ]
#
# set pm3d depthorder hidden3d 2
# set palette rgbformulae 8, 9, 7
# set style line 2 linetype 2 linecolor rgb "#a0a0f0" linewidth 0.5
# set style fill transparent solid 0.30 border
#
# splot cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v),sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v),.5*sin(v) with pm3d, \
# 1+cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v),.5*sin(v),sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v) with pm3d
Numo.gnuplot do
set title:"Interlocking Tori - PM3D surface with depth sorting and transparency"
unset :border
unset :key
set :object, 1, "rect", from_screen:[0,0,0], to_screen:[1,1,0], behind:true
set :object, 1, "rect", fc_rgb:"gray", fillstyle_solid:1.0, border:-1
set view:[64,345,1.24375,0.995902]
set isosamples:[50,20]
unset :xtics
unset :ytics
unset :ztics
set :parametric
set dummy:"u,v"
set urange:"[-pi:pi]"
set vrange:"[-pi:pi]"
set :pm3d, "depthorder", hidden3d:2
set :palette, rgbformulae:[8,9,7]
set :style, :line, 2, linetype:2, linecolor_rgb:"#a0a0f0", linewidth:0.5
set :style, fill:"transparent", solid:0.30, border:true
splot "cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v)",
"sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v)",
[".5*sin(v)", with:"pm3d"],
"1+cos(u)+.5*cos(u)*cos(v)",
".5*sin(v)",
["sin(u)+.5*sin(u)*cos(v)", with:"pm3d"]
end
```
### 2
```ruby
# unset title
# set label 1 "Kuen's Surface" at screen 0.57, 0.9
# set label 1 font "frscript,20"
# set style line 3 linetype -1 linewidth 0.5
# set pm3d depthorder hidden3d 3
# set style fill transparent solid 0.65 border
# set palette
# set hidden3d
#
# set ticslevel 0
# unset xtics ; unset ytics ; unset ztics
# unset border ; unset colorbox ; unset key
# set lmargin at screen 0.1
# set bmargin at screen 0.1
# set rmargin at screen 0.9
# set tmargin at screen 0.9
#
# set parametric
# set dummy u,v
# set urange [-4.5:4.5]
# set vrange [0.05:pi-0.05]
# set isosamples 51,51
# set view 122, 357, 1.35, 1.08
#
# a = 1.0
#
# x(u,v) = 2.*a*(cos(u)+u*sin(u))*sin(v) / (1+u**2.*(sin(v))**2)
# y(u,v) = 2.*a*(sin(u)-u*cos(u))*sin(v) / (1+u**2.*(sin(v))**2)
# z(u,v) = a*log(tan(v/2.))+2.*cos(v)/(1+u**2.*(sin(v))**2)
#
# splot x(u,v), y(u,v), z(u,v) with pm3d
Numo.gnuplot do
unset :title
set :label, 1, "Kuen's Surface", at_screen:[0.57,0.9]
set :label, 1, font:"frscript,20"
set :style, :line, 3, linetype:-1, linewidth:0.5
set :pm3d, "depthorder", hidden3d:3
set :style, fill:"transparent", solid:0.65, border:true
set :palette
set :hidden3d
set ticslevel:0
unset :xtics; unset :ytics; unset :ztics
unset :border; unset :colorbox; unset :key
set :lmargin, :at, screen:0.1
set :bmargin, :at, screen:0.1
set :rmargin, :at, screen:0.9
set :tmargin, :at, screen:0.9
set :parametric
set dummy:"u,v"
set urange:-4.5..4.5
set vrange:"[0.05:pi-0.05]"
set isosamples:[51,51]
set view:[122,357,1.35,1.08]
run "a = 1.0"
run "x(u,v) = 2.*a*(cos(u)+u*sin(u))*sin(v) / (1+u**2.*(sin(v))**2)"
run "y(u,v) = 2.*a*(sin(u)-u*cos(u))*sin(v) / (1+u**2.*(sin(v))**2)"
run "z(u,v) = a*log(tan(v/2.))+2.*cos(v)/(1+u**2.*(sin(v))**2)"
splot "x(u,v)",
"y(u,v)",
["z(u,v)", with:"pm3d"]
end
```
