diff --git a/mineagent/client/__init__.py b/mineagent/client/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c08c9e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mineagent/client/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+from .connection import AsyncMinecraftClient, ConnectionConfig
+from .protocol import (
+    COMMAND_TO_KEY,
+    GLFW,
+    Observation,
+    RawInput,
+    parse_observation,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "AsyncMinecraftClient",
+    "ConnectionConfig",
+    "COMMAND_TO_KEY",
+    "GLFW",
+    "Observation",
+    "RawInput",
+    "parse_observation",
+]
diff --git a/mineagent/client/connection.py b/mineagent/client/connection.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64430a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mineagent/client/connection.py
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+import struct
+import asyncio
+import logging
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from .protocol import Observation, RawInput, parse_observation
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ConnectionConfig:
+    """Configuration for Minecraft Forge mod connection."""
+
+    observation_socket: str = "/tmp/mineagent_observation.sock"
+    action_socket: str = "/tmp/mineagent_action.sock"
+    frame_width: int = 320
+    frame_height: int = 240
+    timeout: float = 30.0
+    max_retries: int = 3
+    retry_delay: float = 1.0
+
+
+class AsyncMinecraftClient:
+    """
+    Async client for communicating with the Minecraft Forge mod via Unix domain sockets.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, config: ConnectionConfig | None = None):
+        self.config = config or ConnectionConfig()
+        self._observation_reader: asyncio.StreamReader | None = None
+        self._action_writer: asyncio.StreamWriter | None = None
+        self._connected: bool = False
+        self._logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+    @property
+    def connected(self) -> bool:
+        return self._connected
+
+    async def connect(self) -> bool:
+        """Establish connection to the Minecraft Forge mod."""
+        for attempt in range(self.config.max_retries):
+            try:
+                self._observation_reader, _ = await asyncio.open_unix_connection(
+                    self.config.observation_socket
+                )
+                _, self._action_writer = await asyncio.open_unix_connection(
+                    self.config.action_socket
+                )
+                self._connected = True
+                self._logger.info(
+                    "Connected to Minecraft Forge mod - Observation: %s, Action: %s",
+                    self.config.observation_socket,
+                    self.config.action_socket,
+                )
+                return True
+            except OSError as e:
+                self._logger.warning("Connection attempt %d failed: %s", attempt + 1, e)
+                await self._cleanup()
+                if attempt < self.config.max_retries - 1:
+                    await asyncio.sleep(self.config.retry_delay)
+                else:
+                    self._logger.error(
+                        "Failed to connect after %d attempts", self.config.max_retries
+                    )
+                    return False
+        return False
+
+    async def disconnect(self) -> None:
+        """Disconnect from the Minecraft Forge mod."""
+        await self._cleanup()
+        self._connected = False
+        self._logger.info("Disconnected from Minecraft Forge mod")
+
+    async def _cleanup(self) -> None:
+        """Clean up sockets."""
+        if self._action_writer:
+            self._action_writer.close()
+            await self._action_writer.wait_closed()
+            self._action_writer = None
+        self._observation_reader = None
+
+    async def send_action(self, raw_input: RawInput) -> bool:
+        """
+        Send a raw input action to the Minecraft Forge mod.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        raw_input : RawInput
+            The input to send
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        bool
+            True if sent successfully, False otherwise
+        """
+        if not self._connected or not self._action_writer:
+            self._logger.error("Not connected to Minecraft Forge mod")
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            data = raw_input.to_bytes()
+            self._action_writer.write(data)
+            await self._action_writer.drain()
+            return True
+        except OSError as e:
+            self._logger.error("Failed to send action: %s", e)
+            self._connected = False
+            return False
+
+    async def receive_observation(self) -> Observation | None:
+        """
+        Receive an observation from the Minecraft Forge mod.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        Observation | None
+            The observation if received successfully, None otherwise
+        """
+        if not self._connected or not self._observation_reader:
+            self._logger.error("Not connected to Minecraft Forge mod")
+            return None
+
+        try:
+            header = await self._observation_reader.readexactly(12)
+            reward = struct.unpack(">d", header[0:8])[0]
+            frame_length = struct.unpack(">I", header[8:12])[0]
+
+            if frame_length == 0:
+                return Observation(
+                    reward=reward,
+                    frame=np.zeros(
+                        (self.config.frame_height, self.config.frame_width, 3),
+                        dtype=np.uint8,
+                    ),
+                )
+
+            frame_data = await self._observation_reader.readexactly(frame_length)
+
+            return parse_observation(
+                header,
+                frame_data,
+                (self.config.frame_height, self.config.frame_width),
+            )
+        except asyncio.IncompleteReadError:
+            self._logger.warning("Incomplete observation received")
+            return None
+        except OSError as e:
+            self._logger.error("Failed to receive observation: %s", e)
+            self._connected = False
+            return None
diff --git a/mineagent/client/protocol.py b/mineagent/client/protocol.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..336eb30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mineagent/client/protocol.py
@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+import struct
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+
+import numpy as np
+
+
+class GLFW:
+    """GLFW key and mouse button constants."""
+
+    KEY_SPACE = 32
+    KEY_APOSTROPHE = 39
+    KEY_COMMA = 44
+    KEY_MINUS = 45
+    KEY_PERIOD = 46
+    KEY_SLASH = 47
+    KEY_0 = 48
+    KEY_1 = 49
+    KEY_2 = 50
+    KEY_3 = 51
+    KEY_4 = 52
+    KEY_5 = 53
+    KEY_6 = 54
+    KEY_7 = 55
+    KEY_8 = 56
+    KEY_9 = 57
+    KEY_SEMICOLON = 59
+    KEY_EQUAL = 61
+    KEY_A = 65
+    KEY_B = 66
+    KEY_C = 67
+    KEY_D = 68
+    KEY_E = 69
+    KEY_F = 70
+    KEY_G = 71
+    KEY_H = 72
+    KEY_I = 73
+    KEY_J = 74
+    KEY_K = 75
+    KEY_L = 76
+    KEY_M = 77
+    KEY_N = 78
+    KEY_O = 79
+    KEY_P = 80
+    KEY_Q = 81
+    KEY_R = 82
+    KEY_S = 83
+    KEY_T = 84
+    KEY_U = 85
+    KEY_V = 86
+    KEY_W = 87
+    KEY_X = 88
+    KEY_Y = 89
+    KEY_Z = 90
+    KEY_LEFT_BRACKET = 91
+    KEY_BACKSLASH = 92
+    KEY_RIGHT_BRACKET = 93
+    KEY_GRAVE_ACCENT = 96
+
+    KEY_ESCAPE = 256
+    KEY_ENTER = 257
+    KEY_TAB = 258
+    KEY_BACKSPACE = 259
+    KEY_INSERT = 260
+    KEY_DELETE = 261
+    KEY_RIGHT = 262
+    KEY_LEFT = 263
+    KEY_DOWN = 264
+    KEY_UP = 265
+    KEY_PAGE_UP = 266
+    KEY_PAGE_DOWN = 267
+    KEY_HOME = 268
+    KEY_END = 269
+    KEY_CAPS_LOCK = 280
+    KEY_SCROLL_LOCK = 281
+    KEY_NUM_LOCK = 282
+    KEY_PRINT_SCREEN = 283
+    KEY_PAUSE = 284
+    KEY_F1 = 290
+    KEY_F2 = 291
+    KEY_F3 = 292
+    KEY_F4 = 293
+    KEY_F5 = 294
+    KEY_F6 = 295
+    KEY_F7 = 296
+    KEY_F8 = 297
+    KEY_F9 = 298
+    KEY_F10 = 299
+    KEY_F11 = 300
+    KEY_F12 = 301
+
+    KEY_LEFT_SHIFT = 340
+    KEY_LEFT_CONTROL = 341
+    KEY_LEFT_ALT = 342
+    KEY_LEFT_SUPER = 343
+    KEY_RIGHT_SHIFT = 344
+    KEY_RIGHT_CONTROL = 345
+    KEY_RIGHT_ALT = 346
+    KEY_RIGHT_SUPER = 347
+    KEY_MENU = 348
+
+    MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT = 0
+    MOUSE_BUTTON_RIGHT = 1
+    MOUSE_BUTTON_MIDDLE = 2
+
+
+COMMAND_TO_KEY: dict[str, int] = {
+    "w": GLFW.KEY_W,
+    "forward": GLFW.KEY_W,
+    "s": GLFW.KEY_S,
+    "back": GLFW.KEY_S,
+    "a": GLFW.KEY_A,
+    "left": GLFW.KEY_A,
+    "d": GLFW.KEY_D,
+    "right": GLFW.KEY_D,
+    "space": GLFW.KEY_SPACE,
+    "jump": GLFW.KEY_SPACE,
+    "shift": GLFW.KEY_LEFT_SHIFT,
+    "sneak": GLFW.KEY_LEFT_SHIFT,
+    "ctrl": GLFW.KEY_LEFT_CONTROL,
+    "sprint": GLFW.KEY_LEFT_CONTROL,
+    "e": GLFW.KEY_E,
+    "inventory": GLFW.KEY_E,
+    "q": GLFW.KEY_Q,
+    "drop": GLFW.KEY_Q,
+    "f": GLFW.KEY_F,
+    "swap": GLFW.KEY_F,
+    "1": GLFW.KEY_1,
+    "hotbar1": GLFW.KEY_1,
+    "2": GLFW.KEY_2,
+    "hotbar2": GLFW.KEY_2,
+    "3": GLFW.KEY_3,
+    "hotbar3": GLFW.KEY_3,
+    "4": GLFW.KEY_4,
+    "hotbar4": GLFW.KEY_4,
+    "5": GLFW.KEY_5,
+    "hotbar5": GLFW.KEY_5,
+    "6": GLFW.KEY_6,
+    "hotbar6": GLFW.KEY_6,
+    "7": GLFW.KEY_7,
+    "hotbar7": GLFW.KEY_7,
+    "8": GLFW.KEY_8,
+    "hotbar8": GLFW.KEY_8,
+    "9": GLFW.KEY_9,
+    "hotbar9": GLFW.KEY_9,
+    "esc": GLFW.KEY_ESCAPE,
+    "escape": GLFW.KEY_ESCAPE,
+    "enter": GLFW.KEY_ENTER,
+    "tab": GLFW.KEY_TAB,
+    "t": GLFW.KEY_T,
+    "chat": GLFW.KEY_T,
+    "/": GLFW.KEY_SLASH,
+    "command": GLFW.KEY_SLASH,
+}
+
+
+@dataclass
+class RawInput:
+    """
+    Raw input data to send to Minecraft.
+
+    Protocol format (variable size):
+    - 1 byte: numKeysPressed (0-255)
+    - N*2 bytes: keyCodes (shorts, big-endian)
+    - 4 bytes: mouseDeltaX (float, big-endian)
+    - 4 bytes: mouseDeltaY (float, big-endian)
+    - 1 byte: mouseButtons (bits: 0=left, 1=right, 2=middle)
+    - 4 bytes: scrollDelta (float, big-endian)
+    - 2 bytes: textLength (big-endian)
+    - M bytes: textBytes (UTF-8)
+    """
+
+    key_codes: list[int] = field(default_factory=list)
+    mouse_dx: float = 0.0
+    mouse_dy: float = 0.0
+    mouse_buttons: int = 0
+    scroll_delta: float = 0.0
+    text: str = ""
+
+    def to_bytes(self) -> bytes:
+        """Serialize to binary protocol format."""
+        data = bytearray()
+
+        num_keys = len(self.key_codes)
+        if num_keys > 255:
+            raise ValueError(f"Too many keys pressed: {num_keys} (max 255)")
+        data.append(num_keys)
+
+        for key_code in self.key_codes:
+            data.extend(struct.pack(">h", key_code))
+
+        data.extend(struct.pack(">f", self.mouse_dx))
+        data.extend(struct.pack(">f", self.mouse_dy))
+
+        data.append(self.mouse_buttons & 0xFF)
+
+        data.extend(struct.pack(">f", self.scroll_delta))
+
+        text_bytes = self.text.encode("utf-8")
+        text_length = len(text_bytes)
+        if text_length > 65535:
+            raise ValueError(f"Text too long: {text_length} bytes (max 65535)")
+        data.extend(struct.pack(">H", text_length))
+        data.extend(text_bytes)
+
+        return bytes(data)
+
+    def set_left_mouse(self, pressed: bool) -> None:
+        if pressed:
+            self.mouse_buttons |= 1 << GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT
+        else:
+            self.mouse_buttons &= ~(1 << GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT)
+
+    def set_right_mouse(self, pressed: bool) -> None:
+        if pressed:
+            self.mouse_buttons |= 1 << GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_RIGHT
+        else:
+            self.mouse_buttons &= ~(1 << GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_RIGHT)
+
+    def set_middle_mouse(self, pressed: bool) -> None:
+        if pressed:
+            self.mouse_buttons |= 1 << GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_MIDDLE
+        else:
+            self.mouse_buttons &= ~(1 << GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_MIDDLE)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def release_all() -> "RawInput":
+        """Create an empty input that releases all keys and mouse buttons."""
+        return RawInput()
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Observation:
+    """Observation received from the Minecraft mod."""
+
+    reward: float
+    frame: np.ndarray
+
+
+def parse_observation(
+    header: bytes, frame_data: bytes, frame_shape: tuple[int, int] = (240, 320)
+) -> Observation:
+    """
+    Parse observation from raw bytes.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    header : bytes
+        12 bytes: reward (double, 8 bytes) + frame length (uint32, 4 bytes)
+    frame_data : bytes
+        Raw RGB frame data (H*W*3 bytes, RGB order)
+    frame_shape : tuple[int, int]
+        (height, width) of the frame
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    Observation
+        Parsed observation with reward and frame
+    """
+    if len(header) != 12:
+        raise ValueError(f"Header must be 12 bytes, got {len(header)}")
+
+    reward = struct.unpack(">d", header[0:8])[0]
+    frame_length = struct.unpack(">I", header[8:12])[0]
+
+    if frame_length != len(frame_data):
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Frame length mismatch: header says {frame_length}, got {len(frame_data)}"
+        )
+
+    height, width = frame_shape
+    if len(frame_data) != height * width * 3:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"Frame data size mismatch: expected {height * width * 3}, got {len(frame_data)}"
+        )
+
+    frame = np.frombuffer(frame_data, dtype=np.uint8).reshape(height, width, 3)
+
+    return Observation(reward=reward, frame=frame)
diff --git a/mineagent/env.py b/mineagent/env.py
index 1b8c90d..6cdeb7f 100644
--- a/mineagent/env.py
+++ b/mineagent/env.py
@@ -1,398 +1,144 @@
-"""
-Minecraft Forge Client for Gymnasium API
-
-This module provides a client implementation that connects to the Minecraft Forge mod
-and exposes a Gymnasium-compatible interface for reinforcement learning experiments.
-The current implementation focuses on reading frame data only.
-"""
+import asyncio
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any
 
-import socket
-import numpy as np
 import gymnasium as gym
+import numpy as np
 from gymnasium import spaces
-from typing import Any
-import time
-import logging
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-from PIL import Image
 
-from .config import Config
-
-logging.basicConfig(
-    level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
-)
+from .client import AsyncMinecraftClient, ConnectionConfig, RawInput
 
 
 @dataclass
-class ConnectionConfig:
-    """Configuration for Minecraft Forge mod connection"""
-
-    command_port: str = "/tmp/mineagent_receive.sock"
-    data_port: str = "/tmp/mineagent_send.sock"
-    width: int = 320
-    height: int = 240
-    timeout: float = 30.0
-    max_retries: int = 3
-    retry_delay: float = 1.0
-
-
-class MinecraftForgeClient:
-    """
-    Low-level client for communicating with the Minecraft Forge mod
-    Uses TCP for commands and UDP for frame data (asynchronous)
-    """
+class MinecraftEnvConfig:
+    """Configuration for the Minecraft environment."""
 
-    def __init__(self, config: ConnectionConfig):
-        self.config = config
-        self.command_socket: socket.socket | None = None
-        self.data_socket: socket.socket | None = None
-        self.connected: bool = False
-        self.logger: logging.Logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-    def connect(self) -> bool:
-        """
-        Establish connection to the Minecraft Forge mod
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        bool
-            True if connection successful, False otherwise
-        """
-        for attempt in range(self.config.max_retries):
-            try:
-                # Connect Unix domain socket for commands
-                self.command_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-                self.command_socket.settimeout(self.config.timeout)
-                self.command_socket.connect(self.config.command_port)
-
-                # Create Unix domain socket for frame data
-                self.data_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-                self.data_socket.settimeout(self.config.timeout)
-
-                # Performance optimizations for large data transfers
-                # Set large receive buffer (1MB) for better throughput
-                self.data_socket.setsockopt(
-                    socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_RCVBUF, 1024 * 1024
-                )
-                self.data_socket.connect(self.config.data_port)
-
-                self.connected = True
-                self.logger.info(
-                    f"Connected to Minecraft Forge mod - Command: {self.config.command_port}, Data: {self.config.data_port}"
-                )
-                return True
-            except (socket.error, ConnectionRefusedError) as e:
-                self.logger.warning(f"Connection attempt {attempt + 1} failed: {e}")
-                self._cleanup_sockets()
-                if attempt < self.config.max_retries - 1:
-                    time.sleep(self.config.retry_delay)
-                else:
-                    self.logger.error("Failed to connect after all retries")
-                    return False
-
-        return False
-
-    def disconnect(self):
-        """Disconnect from the Minecraft Forge mod"""
-        self._cleanup_sockets()
-        self.connected = False
-        self.logger.info("Disconnected from Minecraft Forge mod")
-
-    def _cleanup_sockets(self):
-        """Clean up both sockets"""
-        if self.command_socket:
-            try:
-                self.command_socket.close()
-            finally:
-                self.command_socket = None
-
-        if self.data_socket:
-            try:
-                self.data_socket.close()
-            finally:
-                self.data_socket = None
-
-    def send_command(self, command: str) -> bool:
-        """
-        Send a command to the Minecraft Forge mod via TCP
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        command : str
-            Command to send to the mod
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        bool
-            True if command sent successfully, False otherwise
-        """
-        if not self.connected or not self.command_socket:
-            self.logger.error("Not connected to Minecraft Forge mod")
-            return False
-
-        try:
-            self.command_socket.send((command + "\n").encode())
-            return True
-        except socket.error as e:
-            self.logger.error(f"Failed to send command: {e}")
-            self.connected = False
-            return False
-
-    def receive_frame_data(self) -> np.ndarray | None:
-        """
-        Receive frame data from the Minecraft Forge mod via Unix domain socket
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        np.ndarray | None
-            Frame data as numpy array if successful, None otherwise
-        """
-        if not self.connected or not self.data_socket:
-            self.logger.error("Not connected to Minecraft Forge mod")
-            return None
-
-        try:
-            # Fastest approach: receive header + data in one shot if possible
-            # First get just the header to know the total size
-            header_data = self.data_socket.recv(8, socket.MSG_WAITALL)
-            if len(header_data) != 8:
-                self.logger.error(
-                    "Failed to receive complete protocol header, got %d bytes",
-                    len(header_data),
-                )
-                return None
-            else:
-                self.logger.info("Received header: %s", len(header_data))
-
-            # Parse header
-            reward = int.from_bytes(header_data[0:4], byteorder="big", signed=True)
-            data_length = int.from_bytes(
-                header_data[4:8], byteorder="big", signed=False
-            )
-            self.logger.info(
-                "Received reward: %d, data length: %d", reward, data_length
-            )
+    frame_width: int = 320
+    frame_height: int = 240
+    max_steps: int = 10_000
 
-            if data_length == 0:
-                return None
-
-            # Receive all frame data in single call with MSG_WAITALL
-            frame_data = self.data_socket.recv(data_length, socket.MSG_WAITALL)
-            if len(frame_data) != data_length:
-                self.logger.error(
-                    "Failed to receive complete frame data, got %d bytes, expected %d bytes",
-                    len(frame_data),
-                    data_length,
-                )
-                return None
-
-            # Parse frame data using delta encoding protocol
-            return self._parse_frame_data(frame_data)
-
-        except socket.timeout:
-            # Timeout is expected if no frames are being sent
-            self.logger.warning("Timeout waiting for frame data")
-            return None
-        except socket.error as e:
-            self.logger.error(f"Failed to receive frame data: {e}")
-            self.connected = False
-            return None
-
-    def _parse_frame_data(self, frame_data: bytes) -> np.ndarray | None:
-        """
-        Parse frame data using delta encoding protocol
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        frame_data : bytes
-            Raw frame data from socket
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        np.ndarray | None
-            Parsed frame as numpy array if successful, None otherwise
-        """
-        return np.flipud(
-            np.frombuffer(frame_data, dtype=np.uint8).reshape(
-                self.config.height, self.config.width, 3
-            )
-        )
 
-
-class MinecraftEnv(gym.Env[np.ndarray, np.int64]):
+class MinecraftEnv(gym.Env):
     """
-    Gymnasium environment for Minecraft using the Forge mod
+    Gymnasium environment for Minecraft using the Forge mod.
 
     This environment provides a Gymnasium-compatible interface for interacting
-    with Minecraft through the custom Forge mod. Currently supports reading
-    frame data only.
+    with Minecraft through the custom Forge mod.
     """
 
     metadata = {"render_modes": ["rgb_array"]}
 
     def __init__(
         self,
-        config: Config | None = None,
+        env_config: MinecraftEnvConfig | None = None,
         connection_config: ConnectionConfig | None = None,
     ):
         super().__init__()
 
-        self.config = config or Config()
+        self.env_config = env_config or MinecraftEnvConfig()
         self.connection_config = connection_config or ConnectionConfig()
-        self.client = MinecraftForgeClient(self.connection_config)
 
-        # Set up observation space (RGB image)
-        height, width = self.config.engine.image_size
+        self.connection_config.frame_width = self.env_config.frame_width
+        self.connection_config.frame_height = self.env_config.frame_height
+
+        self._client = AsyncMinecraftClient(self.connection_config)
+        self._loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop | None = None
+
         self.observation_space = spaces.Box(
-            low=0, high=255, shape=(height, width, 3), dtype=np.uint8
+            low=0,
+            high=255,
+            shape=(self.env_config.frame_height, self.env_config.frame_width, 3),
+            dtype=np.uint8,
         )
 
-        # For now, we don't support actions, but we need to define the space
-        # This will be expanded when action support is added
-        self.action_space = spaces.Discrete(1)  # No-op action
+        self.action_space = spaces.Discrete(1)
 
-        self.step_count = 0
-        self.logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+        self._step_count = 0
+        self._last_reward: float = 0.0
+
+    def _ensure_loop(self) -> asyncio.AbstractEventLoop:
+        if self._loop is None or self._loop.is_closed():
+            self._loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+        return self._loop
+
+    def _run_async(self, coro):
+        loop = self._ensure_loop()
+        return loop.run_until_complete(coro)
 
     def reset(
         self, *, seed: int | None = None, options: dict[str, Any] | None = None
     ) -> tuple[np.ndarray, dict[str, Any]]:
-        """
-        Reset the environment
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        seed : int | None
-            Random seed for reproducibility
-        options : dict[str, Any] | None
-            Additional options for reset
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        Tuple[np.ndarray, Dict[str, Any]]
-            Initial observation and info dictionary
-        """
         super().reset(seed=seed, options=options)
 
-        # Connect to Minecraft if not already connected
-        if not self.client.connected:
-            if not self.client.connect():
+        if not self._client.connected:
+            if not self._run_async(self._client.connect()):
                 raise RuntimeError("Failed to connect to Minecraft Forge mod")
 
-        # Send reset command to mod (for future use)
-        self.client.send_command("RESET")
+        self._run_async(self._client.send_action(RawInput.release_all()))
 
-        # Get initial frame
-        current_frame = self.client.receive_frame_data()
-        if current_frame is None:
-            self.logger.warning("No frame data received")
-            # Return a black frame if we can't get data
-            height, width = self.connection_config.width, self.connection_config.height
-            current_frame = np.zeros((height, width, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
+        obs = self._run_async(self._client.receive_observation())
+        if obs is None:
+            frame = np.zeros(
+                (self.env_config.frame_height, self.env_config.frame_width, 3),
+                dtype=np.uint8,
+            )
         else:
-            self.logger.info(f"Received frame data: {current_frame.shape}")
+            frame = obs.frame
+            self._last_reward = obs.reward
 
-        self.step_count = 0
+        self._step_count = 0
 
-        return current_frame, {"step_count": self.step_count}
+        return frame, {"step_count": self._step_count, "reward": self._last_reward}
 
-    def step(self, action) -> tuple[np.ndarray, float, bool, bool, dict[str, Any]]:
-        """
-        Execute one step in the environment
+    def step(self, action: int) -> tuple[np.ndarray, float, bool, bool, dict[str, Any]]:
+        obs = self._run_async(self._client.receive_observation())
 
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        action
-            Action to take (currently ignored)
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        Tuple[np.ndarray, float, bool, bool, Dict[str, Any]]
-            Observation, reward, terminated, truncated, info
-        """
-        # For now, we ignore the action since we're only reading frame data
-
-        # Get new frame data
-        new_frame = self.client.receive_frame_data()
-        if new_frame is not None:
-            current_frame = self._resize_frame(new_frame)
+        if obs is not None:
+            frame = obs.frame
+            reward = obs.reward
         else:
-            height, width = self.config.engine.image_size
-            current_frame = np.zeros((height, width, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
+            frame = np.zeros(
+                (self.env_config.frame_height, self.env_config.frame_width, 3),
+                dtype=np.uint8,
+            )
+            reward = 0.0
 
-        self.step_count += 1
+        self._last_reward = reward
+        self._step_count += 1
 
-        # Placeholder values for reward and termination
-        reward = 0.0
         terminated = False
-        truncated = self.step_count >= self.config.engine.max_steps
+        truncated = self._step_count >= self.env_config.max_steps
 
-        info = {"step_count": self.step_count, "frame_received": new_frame is not None}
+        info = {
+            "step_count": self._step_count,
+            "reward": reward,
+            "frame_received": obs is not None,
+        }
 
-        return current_frame, reward, terminated, truncated, info
+        return frame, reward, terminated, truncated, info
 
     def render(self, mode: str = "rgb_array") -> np.ndarray | None:
-        """
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        mode : str
-            Render mode
-
-        Raises
-        ------
-        NotImplementedError
-            Rendering is not supported.
-        """
         raise NotImplementedError("Rendering is not supported.")
 
     def close(self):
-        """Close the environment and disconnect from Minecraft"""
-        self.client.disconnect()
-
-    def _resize_frame(self, frame: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
-        """
-        Resize frame to match expected dimensions
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        frame : np.ndarray
-            Input frame
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        np.ndarray
-            Resized frame
-        """
-        target_height, target_width = self.config.engine.image_size
-
-        if frame.shape[:2] != (target_height, target_width):
-            # Use PIL for high-quality resizing
-            pil_image = Image.fromarray(frame)
-            try:
-                # Try new PIL API first
-                from PIL.Image import Resampling
-
-                pil_image = pil_image.resize(
-                    (target_width, target_height), Resampling.LANCZOS
-                )
-            except (ImportError, AttributeError):
-                # Fall back to old PIL API using numeric constant (1 = LANCZOS)
-                pil_image = pil_image.resize((target_width, target_height), 1)
-            frame = np.array(pil_image)
-
-        return frame
+        if self._client.connected:
+            self._run_async(self._client.disconnect())
+        if self._loop and not self._loop.is_closed():
+            self._loop.close()
+            self._loop = None
 
 
 def create_minecraft_env(
-    config: Config | None = None, connection_config: ConnectionConfig | None = None
+    env_config: MinecraftEnvConfig | None = None,
+    connection_config: ConnectionConfig | None = None,
 ) -> MinecraftEnv:
     """
-    Factory function to create a Minecraft environment
+    Factory function to create a Minecraft environment.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
-    config : Config | None
-        MineAgent configuration object
+    env_config : MinecraftEnvConfig | None
+        Environment configuration
     connection_config : ConnectionConfig | None
         Connection configuration for the Minecraft mod
 
@@ -401,4 +147,4 @@ def create_minecraft_env(
     MinecraftEnv
         Configured Minecraft environment
     """
-    return MinecraftEnv(config=config, connection_config=connection_config)
+    return MinecraftEnv(env_config=env_config, connection_config=connection_config)
diff --git a/pixi.lock b/pixi.lock
index f891b59..54510d8 100644
--- a/pixi.lock
+++ b/pixi.lock
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ environments:
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/c-ares-1.34.6-hb03c661_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/ca-certificates-2026.2.25-hbd8a1cb_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/cairo-1.18.4-he90730b_1.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/cpython-3.12.12-py312hd8ed1ab_2.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/cpython-3.12.13-py312hd8ed1ab_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/dav1d-1.2.1-hd590300_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/editables-0.5-pyhd8ed1ab_1.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/filelock-3.24.3-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/filelock-3.25.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/fmt-12.1.0-hff5e90c_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/font-ttf-dejavu-sans-mono-2.37-hab24e00_0.tar.bz2
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/font-ttf-inconsolata-3.000-h77eed37_0.tar.bz2
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ environments:
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/ld_impl_linux-64-2.45.1-default_hbd61a6d_101.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/lerc-4.0.0-h0aef613_1.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libabseil-20260107.1-cxx17_h7b12aa8_0.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libavif16-1.3.0-h316e467_3.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libavif16-1.4.0-hcfa2d63_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libblas-3.11.0-5_h5875eb1_mkl.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libcblas-3.11.0-5_hfef963f_mkl.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libcups-2.3.3-h7a8fb5f_6.conda
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ environments:
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libedit-3.1.20250104-pl5321h7949ede_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libexpat-2.7.4-hecca717_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libffi-3.5.2-h3435931_0.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libfreetype-2.14.1-ha770c72_0.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libfreetype6-2.14.1-h73754d4_0.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libfreetype-2.14.2-ha770c72_0.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libfreetype6-2.14.2-h73754d4_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libgcc-15.2.0-he0feb66_18.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libgcc-ng-15.2.0-h69a702a_18.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libgfortran-15.2.0-h69a702a_18.conda
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ environments:
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libpng-1.6.55-h421ea60_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libprotobuf-6.33.5-h2b00c02_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libre2-11-2025.11.05-h0dc7533_1.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libsqlite-3.51.2-hf4e2dac_0.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libsqlite-3.52.0-hf4e2dac_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libstdcxx-15.2.0-h934c35e_18.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libstdcxx-ng-15.2.0-hdf11a46_18.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libtiff-4.7.1-h9d88235_1.conda
@@ -85,12 +85,12 @@ environments:
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libwebp-base-1.6.0-hd42ef1d_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libxcb-1.17.0-h8a09558_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libxcrypt-4.4.36-hd590300_1.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libxml2-16-2.15.1-hca6bf5a_1.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libxml2-2.15.1-he237659_1.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libxml2-16-2.15.2-hca6bf5a_0.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libxml2-2.15.2-he237659_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libzlib-1.3.1-hb9d3cd8_2.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/llvm-openmp-22.1.0-h4922eb0_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/markdown-3.10.2-pyhcf101f3_0.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/markupsafe-3.0.3-py312h8a5da7c_0.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/markupsafe-3.0.3-py312h8a5da7c_1.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/mkl-2025.3.0-h0e700b2_463.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/mpc-1.3.1-h24ddda3_1.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/mpfr-4.2.1-h90cbb55_3.conda
@@ -113,16 +113,16 @@ environments:
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/pybind11-3.0.1-pyh7a1b43c_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/pybind11-abi-11-hc364b38_1.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/pybind11-global-3.0.1-pyhc7ab6ef_0.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/python-3.12.12-hd63d673_2_cpython.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/python-3.12.13-hd63d673_0_cpython.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/python_abi-3.12-8_cp312.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/pytorch-2.10.0-cpu_mkl_py312_hca44ed5_103.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/rav1e-0.7.1-h8fae777_3.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/rav1e-0.8.1-h1fbca29_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/re2-2025.11.05-h5301d42_1.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/readline-8.3-h853b02a_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/scipy-1.17.1-py312h54fa4ab_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/setuptools-82.0.0-pyh332efcf_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/sleef-3.9.0-ha0421bc_0.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/svt-av1-4.0.0-hecca717_0.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/svt-av1-4.0.1-hecca717_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/sympy-1.14.0-pyh2585a3b_106.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/tbb-2022.3.0-hb700be7_2.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/tensorboard-2.20.0-pyhe01879c_0.conda
@@ -179,10 +179,10 @@ environments:
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/c-ares-1.34.6-hb03c661_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/ca-certificates-2026.2.25-hbd8a1cb_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/cairo-1.18.4-he90730b_1.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/cpython-3.12.12-py312hd8ed1ab_2.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/cpython-3.12.13-py312hd8ed1ab_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/dav1d-1.2.1-hd590300_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/editables-0.5-pyhd8ed1ab_1.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/filelock-3.24.3-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/filelock-3.25.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/fmt-12.1.0-hff5e90c_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/font-ttf-dejavu-sans-mono-2.37-hab24e00_0.tar.bz2
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/font-ttf-inconsolata-3.000-h77eed37_0.tar.bz2
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ environments:
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/ld_impl_linux-64-2.45.1-default_hbd61a6d_101.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/lerc-4.0.0-h0aef613_1.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libabseil-20260107.1-cxx17_h7b12aa8_0.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libavif16-1.3.0-h316e467_3.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libavif16-1.4.0-hcfa2d63_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libblas-3.11.0-5_h5875eb1_mkl.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libbrotlicommon-1.2.0-hb03c661_1.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libbrotlidec-1.2.0-hb03c661_1.conda
@@ -222,8 +222,8 @@ environments:
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libev-4.33-hd590300_2.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libexpat-2.7.4-hecca717_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libffi-3.5.2-h3435931_0.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libfreetype-2.14.1-ha770c72_0.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libfreetype6-2.14.1-h73754d4_0.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libfreetype-2.14.2-ha770c72_0.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libfreetype6-2.14.2-h73754d4_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libgcc-15.2.0-he0feb66_18.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libgcc-ng-15.2.0-h69a702a_18.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libgfortran-15.2.0-h69a702a_18.conda
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ environments:
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libpng-1.6.55-h421ea60_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libprotobuf-6.33.5-h2b00c02_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libre2-11-2025.11.05-h0dc7533_1.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libsqlite-3.51.2-hf4e2dac_0.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libsqlite-3.52.0-hf4e2dac_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libstdcxx-15.2.0-h934c35e_18.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libstdcxx-ng-15.2.0-hdf11a46_18.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libtiff-4.7.1-h9d88235_1.conda
@@ -251,12 +251,12 @@ environments:
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libwebp-base-1.6.0-hd42ef1d_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libxcb-1.17.0-h8a09558_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libxcrypt-4.4.36-hd590300_1.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libxml2-16-2.15.1-hca6bf5a_1.conda
-      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libxml2-2.15.1-he237659_1.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libxml2-16-2.15.2-hca6bf5a_0.conda
+      - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libxml2-2.15.2-he237659_0.conda
       - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/libzlib-1.3.1-hb9d3cd8_2.conda
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@@ -1651,9 +1652,9 @@ packages:
   - pkg:pypi/markdown?source=compressed-mapping
   size: 85893
   timestamp: 1770694658918
-- conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/markupsafe-3.0.3-py312h8a5da7c_0.conda
-  sha256: f77f9f1a4da45cbc8792d16b41b6f169f649651a68afdc10b2da9da12b9aa42b
-  md5: f775a43412f7f3d7ed218113ad233869
+- conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/markupsafe-3.0.3-py312h8a5da7c_1.conda
+  sha256: 5f3aad1f3a685ed0b591faad335957dbdb1b73abfd6fc731a0d42718e0653b33
+  md5: 93a4752d42b12943a355b682ee43285b
   depends:
   - __glibc >=2.17,<3.0.a0
   - libgcc >=14
@@ -1664,9 +1665,9 @@ packages:
   license: BSD-3-Clause
   license_family: BSD
   purls:
-  - pkg:pypi/markupsafe?source=hash-mapping
-  size: 25321
-  timestamp: 1759055268795
+  - pkg:pypi/markupsafe?source=compressed-mapping
+  size: 26057
+  timestamp: 1772445297924
 - pypi: https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/3e/f3/c5195b1ae57ef85339fd7285dfb603b22c8b4e79114bae5f4f0fcf688677/matplotlib-3.10.8-cp312-cp312-manylinux2014_x86_64.manylinux_2_17_x86_64.whl
   name: matplotlib
   version: 3.10.8
@@ -1689,7 +1690,7 @@ packages:
 - pypi: ./
   name: mineagent
   version: 0.0.1
-  sha256: ae8bfca4b4c60d8874099937409006912ba77d6ef257a029af735f7b3ab9786b
+  sha256: 753be6a849db87c6880ff10b3da76be9a4c1513b8e7c10dceeb47b8eab4db221
   requires_dist:
   - pyyaml
   - dacite
@@ -1703,6 +1704,7 @@ packages:
   - pyright
   - pre-commit ; extra == 'dev'
   - pytest ; extra == 'dev'
+  - pytest-asyncio ; extra == 'dev'
   - pytest-mock ; extra == 'dev'
   - ruff ; extra == 'dev'
   - types-pyyaml ; extra == 'dev'
@@ -1987,10 +1989,10 @@ packages:
   purls: []
   size: 450960
   timestamp: 1754665235234
-- pypi: https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/48/31/05e764397056194206169869b50cf2fee4dbbbc71b344705b9c0d878d4d8/platformdirs-4.9.2-py3-none-any.whl
+- pypi: https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/63/d7/97f7e3a6abb67d8080dd406fd4df842c2be0efaf712d1c899c32a075027c/platformdirs-4.9.4-py3-none-any.whl
   name: platformdirs
-  version: 4.9.2
-  sha256: 9170634f126f8efdae22fb58ae8a0eaa86f38365bc57897a6c4f781d1f5875bd
+  version: 4.9.4
+  sha256: 68a9a4619a666ea6439f2ff250c12a853cd1cbd5158d258bd824a7df6be2f868
   requires_python: '>=3.10'
 - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/pluggy-1.6.0-pyhf9edf01_1.conda
   sha256: e14aafa63efa0528ca99ba568eaf506eb55a0371d12e6250aaaa61718d2eb62e
@@ -2131,6 +2133,19 @@ packages:
   - setuptools ; extra == 'dev'
   - xmlschema ; extra == 'dev'
   requires_python: '>=3.10'
+- pypi: https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/e5/35/f8b19922b6a25bc0880171a2f1a003eaeb93657475193ab516fd87cac9da/pytest_asyncio-1.3.0-py3-none-any.whl
+  name: pytest-asyncio
+  version: 1.3.0
+  sha256: 611e26147c7f77640e6d0a92a38ed17c3e9848063698d5c93d5aa7aa11cebff5
+  requires_dist:
+  - backports-asyncio-runner>=1.1,<2 ; python_full_version < '3.11'
+  - pytest>=8.2,<10
+  - typing-extensions>=4.12 ; python_full_version < '3.13'
+  - sphinx>=5.3 ; extra == 'docs'
+  - sphinx-rtd-theme>=1 ; extra == 'docs'
+  - coverage>=6.2 ; extra == 'testing'
+  - hypothesis>=5.7.1 ; extra == 'testing'
+  requires_python: '>=3.10'
 - pypi: https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5a/cc/06253936f4a7fa2e0f48dfe6d851d9c56df896a9ab09ac019d70b760619c/pytest_mock-3.15.1-py3-none-any.whl
   name: pytest-mock
   version: 3.15.1
@@ -2141,15 +2156,14 @@ packages:
   - pytest-asyncio ; extra == 'dev'
   - tox ; extra == 'dev'
   requires_python: '>=3.9'
-- conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/python-3.12.12-hd63d673_2_cpython.conda
-  build_number: 2
-  sha256: 6621befd6570a216ba94bc34ec4618e4f3777de55ad0adc15fc23c28fadd4d1a
-  md5: c4540d3de3fa228d9fa95e31f8e97f89
+- conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/python-3.12.13-hd63d673_0_cpython.conda
+  sha256: a44655c1c3e1d43ed8704890a91e12afd68130414ea2c0872e154e5633a13d7e
+  md5: 7eccb41177e15cc672e1babe9056018e
   depends:
   - __glibc >=2.17,<3.0.a0
   - bzip2 >=1.0.8,<2.0a0
   - ld_impl_linux-64 >=2.36.1
-  - libexpat >=2.7.3,<3.0a0
+  - libexpat >=2.7.4,<3.0a0
   - libffi >=3.5.2,<3.6.0a0
   - libgcc >=14
   - liblzma >=5.8.2,<6.0a0
@@ -2159,7 +2173,7 @@ packages:
   - libxcrypt >=4.4.36
   - libzlib >=1.3.1,<2.0a0
   - ncurses >=6.5,<7.0a0
-  - openssl >=3.5.4,<4.0a0
+  - openssl >=3.5.5,<4.0a0
   - readline >=8.3,<9.0a0
   - tk >=8.6.13,<8.7.0a0
   - tzdata
@@ -2167,8 +2181,8 @@ packages:
   - python_abi 3.12.* *_cp312
   license: Python-2.0
   purls: []
-  size: 31457785
-  timestamp: 1769472855343
+  size: 31608571
+  timestamp: 1772730708989
 - pypi: https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ec/57/56b9bcc3c9c6a792fcbaf139543cee77261f3651ca9da0c93f5c1221264b/python_dateutil-2.9.0.post0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
   name: python-dateutil
   version: 2.9.0.post0
@@ -2176,10 +2190,10 @@ packages:
   requires_dist:
   - six>=1.5
   requires_python: '>=2.7,!=3.0.*,!=3.1.*,!=3.2.*'
-- pypi: https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/06/54/82a6e2ef37f0f23dccac604b9585bdcbd0698604feb64807dcb72853693e/python_discovery-1.1.0-py3-none-any.whl
+- pypi: https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/75/0f/2bf7e3b5a4a65f623cb820feb5793e243fad58ae561015ee15a6152f67a2/python_discovery-1.1.1-py3-none-any.whl
   name: python-discovery
-  version: 1.1.0
-  sha256: a162893b8809727f54594a99ad2179d2ede4bf953e12d4c7abc3cc9cdbd1437b
+  version: 1.1.1
+  sha256: 69f11073fa2392251e405d4e847d60ffffd25fd762a0dc4d1a7d6b9c3f79f1a3
   requires_dist:
   - filelock>=3.15.4
   - platformdirs>=4.3.6,<5
@@ -2253,19 +2267,19 @@ packages:
   version: 6.0.3
   sha256: ba1cc08a7ccde2d2ec775841541641e4548226580ab850948cbfda66a1befcdc
   requires_python: '>=3.8'
-- conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/rav1e-0.7.1-h8fae777_3.conda
-  sha256: 6e5e704c1c21f820d760e56082b276deaf2b53cf9b751772761c3088a365f6f4
-  md5: 2c42649888aac645608191ffdc80d13a
+- conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/rav1e-0.8.1-h1fbca29_0.conda
+  sha256: cf550bbc8e5ebedb6dba9ccaead3e07bd1cb86b183644a4c853e06e4b3ad5ac7
+  md5: d83958768626b3c8471ce032e28afcd3
   depends:
   - __glibc >=2.17,<3.0.a0
-  - libgcc >=13
+  - libgcc >=14
   constrains:
   - __glibc >=2.17
   license: BSD-2-Clause
   license_family: BSD
   purls: []
-  size: 5176669
-  timestamp: 1746622023242
+  size: 5595970
+  timestamp: 1772540833621
 - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/re2-2025.11.05-h5301d42_1.conda
   sha256: 3fc684b81631348540e9a42f6768b871dfeab532d3f47d5c341f1f83e2a2b2b2
   md5: 66a715bc01c77d43aca1f9fcb13dde3c
@@ -2288,10 +2302,10 @@ packages:
   purls: []
   size: 345073
   timestamp: 1765813471974
-- pypi: https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ff/90/bf134f4c1e5243e62690e09d63c55df948a74084c8ac3e48a88468314da6/ruff-0.15.4-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl
+- pypi: https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d3/01/a10fe54b653061585e655f5286c2662ebddb68831ed3eaebfb0eb08c0a16/ruff-0.15.5-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl
   name: ruff
-  version: 0.15.4
-  sha256: 451a2e224151729b3b6c9ffb36aed9091b2996fe4bdbd11f47e27d8f2e8888ec
+  version: 0.15.5
+  sha256: c1cb7169f53c1ddb06e71a9aebd7e98fc0fea936b39afb36d8e86d36ecc2636a
   requires_python: '>=3.7'
 - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/scipy-1.17.1-py312h54fa4ab_0.conda
   sha256: e3ad577361d67f6c078a6a7a3898bf0617b937d44dc4ccd57aa3336f2b5778dd
@@ -2344,9 +2358,9 @@ packages:
   purls: []
   size: 1951720
   timestamp: 1756274576844
-- conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/svt-av1-4.0.0-hecca717_0.conda
-  sha256: e5e036728ef71606569232cc94a0480722e14ed69da3dd1e363f3d5191d83c01
-  md5: 9a6117aee038999ffefe6082ff1e9a81
+- conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/linux-64/svt-av1-4.0.1-hecca717_0.conda
+  sha256: 4a1d2005153b9454fc21c9bad1b539df189905be49e851ec62a6212c2e045381
+  md5: 2a2170a3e5c9a354d09e4be718c43235
   depends:
   - __glibc >=2.17,<3.0.a0
   - libgcc >=14
@@ -2354,8 +2368,8 @@ packages:
   license: BSD-2-Clause
   license_family: BSD
   purls: []
-  size: 2620937
-  timestamp: 1769280649780
+  size: 2619743
+  timestamp: 1769664536467
 - conda: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/noarch/sympy-1.14.0-pyh2585a3b_106.conda
   sha256: 1c8057e6875eba958aa8b3c1a072dc9a75d013f209c26fd8125a5ebd3abbec0c
   md5: 32d866e43b25275f61566b9391ccb7b5
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index c388490..b5aa283 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ mineagent = "mineagent.engine:run"
 dev = [
     "pre-commit",
     "pytest",
+    "pytest-asyncio",
     "pytest-mock",
     "ruff",
     "types-PyYAML",
diff --git a/scripts/test_action_client.py b/scripts/test_action_client.py
index 2d9dc0f..c114547 100644
--- a/scripts/test_action_client.py
+++ b/scripts/test_action_client.py
@@ -10,264 +10,10 @@
 import struct
 import time
 import threading
-from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from typing import Optional
 import argparse
 
-
-# =============================================================================
-# GLFW Key Code Constants
-# Reference: https://www.glfw.org/docs/3.3/group__keys.html
-# =============================================================================
-
-
-class GLFW:
-    """GLFW key and mouse button constants."""
-
-    # Printable keys
-    KEY_SPACE = 32
-    KEY_APOSTROPHE = 39
-    KEY_COMMA = 44
-    KEY_MINUS = 45
-    KEY_PERIOD = 46
-    KEY_SLASH = 47
-    KEY_0 = 48
-    KEY_1 = 49
-    KEY_2 = 50
-    KEY_3 = 51
-    KEY_4 = 52
-    KEY_5 = 53
-    KEY_6 = 54
-    KEY_7 = 55
-    KEY_8 = 56
-    KEY_9 = 57
-    KEY_SEMICOLON = 59
-    KEY_EQUAL = 61
-    KEY_A = 65
-    KEY_B = 66
-    KEY_C = 67
-    KEY_D = 68
-    KEY_E = 69
-    KEY_F = 70
-    KEY_G = 71
-    KEY_H = 72
-    KEY_I = 73
-    KEY_J = 74
-    KEY_K = 75
-    KEY_L = 76
-    KEY_M = 77
-    KEY_N = 78
-    KEY_O = 79
-    KEY_P = 80
-    KEY_Q = 81
-    KEY_R = 82
-    KEY_S = 83
-    KEY_T = 84
-    KEY_U = 85
-    KEY_V = 86
-    KEY_W = 87
-    KEY_X = 88
-    KEY_Y = 89
-    KEY_Z = 90
-    KEY_LEFT_BRACKET = 91
-    KEY_BACKSLASH = 92
-    KEY_RIGHT_BRACKET = 93
-    KEY_GRAVE_ACCENT = 96
-
-    # Function keys
-    KEY_ESCAPE = 256
-    KEY_ENTER = 257
-    KEY_TAB = 258
-    KEY_BACKSPACE = 259
-    KEY_INSERT = 260
-    KEY_DELETE = 261
-    KEY_RIGHT = 262
-    KEY_LEFT = 263
-    KEY_DOWN = 264
-    KEY_UP = 265
-    KEY_PAGE_UP = 266
-    KEY_PAGE_DOWN = 267
-    KEY_HOME = 268
-    KEY_END = 269
-    KEY_CAPS_LOCK = 280
-    KEY_SCROLL_LOCK = 281
-    KEY_NUM_LOCK = 282
-    KEY_PRINT_SCREEN = 283
-    KEY_PAUSE = 284
-    KEY_F1 = 290
-    KEY_F2 = 291
-    KEY_F3 = 292
-    KEY_F4 = 293
-    KEY_F5 = 294
-    KEY_F6 = 295
-    KEY_F7 = 296
-    KEY_F8 = 297
-    KEY_F9 = 298
-    KEY_F10 = 299
-    KEY_F11 = 300
-    KEY_F12 = 301
-
-    # Modifier keys
-    KEY_LEFT_SHIFT = 340
-    KEY_LEFT_CONTROL = 341
-    KEY_LEFT_ALT = 342
-    KEY_LEFT_SUPER = 343
-    KEY_RIGHT_SHIFT = 344
-    KEY_RIGHT_CONTROL = 345
-    KEY_RIGHT_ALT = 346
-    KEY_RIGHT_SUPER = 347
-    KEY_MENU = 348
-
-    # Mouse buttons
-    MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT = 0
-    MOUSE_BUTTON_RIGHT = 1
-    MOUSE_BUTTON_MIDDLE = 2
-
-
-# Command name to GLFW key code mapping
-COMMAND_TO_KEY = {
-    # Movement (Minecraft default bindings)
-    "w": GLFW.KEY_W,
-    "forward": GLFW.KEY_W,
-    "s": GLFW.KEY_S,
-    "back": GLFW.KEY_S,
-    "a": GLFW.KEY_A,
-    "left": GLFW.KEY_A,
-    "d": GLFW.KEY_D,
-    "right": GLFW.KEY_D,
-    "space": GLFW.KEY_SPACE,
-    "jump": GLFW.KEY_SPACE,
-    "shift": GLFW.KEY_LEFT_SHIFT,
-    "sneak": GLFW.KEY_LEFT_SHIFT,
-    "ctrl": GLFW.KEY_LEFT_CONTROL,
-    "sprint": GLFW.KEY_LEFT_CONTROL,
-    # Interaction
-    "e": GLFW.KEY_E,
-    "inventory": GLFW.KEY_E,
-    "q": GLFW.KEY_Q,
-    "drop": GLFW.KEY_Q,
-    "f": GLFW.KEY_F,
-    "swap": GLFW.KEY_F,
-    # Hotbar (number keys)
-    "1": GLFW.KEY_1,
-    "hotbar1": GLFW.KEY_1,
-    "2": GLFW.KEY_2,
-    "hotbar2": GLFW.KEY_2,
-    "3": GLFW.KEY_3,
-    "hotbar3": GLFW.KEY_3,
-    "4": GLFW.KEY_4,
-    "hotbar4": GLFW.KEY_4,
-    "5": GLFW.KEY_5,
-    "hotbar5": GLFW.KEY_5,
-    "6": GLFW.KEY_6,
-    "hotbar6": GLFW.KEY_6,
-    "7": GLFW.KEY_7,
-    "hotbar7": GLFW.KEY_7,
-    "8": GLFW.KEY_8,
-    "hotbar8": GLFW.KEY_8,
-    "9": GLFW.KEY_9,
-    "hotbar9": GLFW.KEY_9,
-    # Special keys
-    "esc": GLFW.KEY_ESCAPE,
-    "escape": GLFW.KEY_ESCAPE,
-    "enter": GLFW.KEY_ENTER,
-    "tab": GLFW.KEY_TAB,
-    "t": GLFW.KEY_T,  # Chat
-    "chat": GLFW.KEY_T,
-    "/": GLFW.KEY_SLASH,  # Command
-    "command": GLFW.KEY_SLASH,
-}
-
-
-# =============================================================================
-# RawInput Data Class
-# =============================================================================
-
-
-@dataclass
-class RawInput:
-    """
-    Raw input data to send to Minecraft.
-
-    Protocol format (variable size):
-    - 1 byte: numKeysPressed (0-255)
-    - N*2 bytes: keyCodes (shorts, big-endian)
-    - 4 bytes: mouseDeltaX (float, big-endian)
-    - 4 bytes: mouseDeltaY (float, big-endian)
-    - 1 byte: mouseButtons (bits: 0=left, 1=right, 2=middle)
-    - 4 bytes: scrollDelta (float, big-endian)
-    - 2 bytes: textLength (big-endian)
-    - M bytes: textBytes (UTF-8)
-    """
-
-    key_codes: list[int] = field(default_factory=list)
-    mouse_dx: float = 0.0
-    mouse_dy: float = 0.0
-    mouse_buttons: int = 0  # Bit flags: 0=left, 1=right, 2=middle
-    scroll_delta: float = 0.0
-    text: str = ""
-
-    def to_bytes(self) -> bytes:
-        """Convert to binary protocol format."""
-        data = bytearray()
-
-        # Number of keys (1 byte)
-        num_keys = len(self.key_codes)
-        if num_keys > 255:
-            raise ValueError(f"Too many keys pressed: {num_keys} (max 255)")
-        data.append(num_keys)
-
-        # Key codes (N * 2 bytes, big-endian shorts)
-        for key_code in self.key_codes:
-            data.extend(struct.pack(">h", key_code))
-
-        # Mouse delta X (4 bytes, big-endian float)
-        data.extend(struct.pack(">f", self.mouse_dx))
-
-        # Mouse delta Y (4 bytes, big-endian float)
-        data.extend(struct.pack(">f", self.mouse_dy))
-
-        # Mouse buttons (1 byte)
-        data.append(self.mouse_buttons & 0xFF)
-
-        # Scroll delta (4 bytes, big-endian float)
-        data.extend(struct.pack(">f", self.scroll_delta))
-
-        # Text length and content
-        text_bytes = self.text.encode("utf-8")
-        text_length = len(text_bytes)
-        if text_length > 65535:
-            raise ValueError(f"Text too long: {text_length} bytes (max 65535)")
-        data.extend(struct.pack(">H", text_length))
-        data.extend(text_bytes)
-
-        return bytes(data)
-
-    def set_left_mouse(self, pressed: bool):
-        """Set left mouse button state."""
-        if pressed:
-            self.mouse_buttons |= 1 << GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT
-        else:
-            self.mouse_buttons &= ~(1 << GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT)
-
-    def set_right_mouse(self, pressed: bool):
-        """Set right mouse button state."""
-        if pressed:
-            self.mouse_buttons |= 1 << GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_RIGHT
-        else:
-            self.mouse_buttons &= ~(1 << GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_RIGHT)
-
-    def set_middle_mouse(self, pressed: bool):
-        """Set middle mouse button state."""
-        if pressed:
-            self.mouse_buttons |= 1 << GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_MIDDLE
-        else:
-            self.mouse_buttons &= ~(1 << GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_MIDDLE)
-
-
-# =============================================================================
-# Test Clients
-# =============================================================================
+from mineagent.client import GLFW, RawInput, COMMAND_TO_KEY
 
 
 class RawInputTestClient:
@@ -359,19 +105,16 @@ def receive_observations(self):
 
         try:
             while self.running:
-                # Read reward (8 bytes, double)
                 reward_data = self._read_exact(8)
                 if not reward_data:
                     break
                 reward = struct.unpack(">d", reward_data)[0]
 
-                # Read frame length (4 bytes, int)
                 length_data = self._read_exact(4)
                 if not length_data:
                     break
                 frame_length = struct.unpack(">I", length_data)[0]
 
-                # Read frame data
                 frame_data = self._read_exact(frame_length)
                 if not frame_data:
                     break
@@ -401,11 +144,6 @@ def _read_exact(self, n: int) -> Optional[bytes]:
         return data
 
 
-# =============================================================================
-# Command Parsing and Help
-# =============================================================================
-
-
 def show_help():
     """Display comprehensive help information."""
     print("\n" + "=" * 70)
@@ -474,7 +212,7 @@ class HeldState:
 
     def __init__(self):
         self.keys: set[int] = set()
-        self.mouse_buttons: int = 0  # Bit flags: 0=left, 1=right, 2=middle
+        self.mouse_buttons: int = 0
 
     def set_mouse_button(self, button: int, pressed: bool):
         """Set a mouse button state. button: 0=left, 1=right, 2=middle"""
@@ -503,7 +241,6 @@ def parse_command(
     Returns:
         RawInput to send, or None if command was informational only
     """
-    # Use held_state if provided, otherwise fall back to old behavior
     if held_state is None:
         held_state = HeldState()
         held_state.keys = held_keys
@@ -514,14 +251,12 @@ def parse_command(
 
     main_command = parts[0]
 
-    # Handle special commands
     if main_command in ["help", "h", "?"]:
         show_help()
         return None
 
     raw_input = RawInput()
 
-    # Mouse movement
     if main_command == "mouse" and len(parts) >= 3:
         try:
             raw_input.mouse_dx = float(parts[1])
@@ -533,7 +268,6 @@ def parse_command(
             print("✗ Invalid mouse coordinates. Use: mouse <x> <y>")
             return None
 
-    # Scroll wheel
     if main_command == "scroll" and len(parts) >= 2:
         try:
             raw_input.scroll_delta = float(parts[1])
@@ -544,23 +278,18 @@ def parse_command(
             print("✗ Invalid scroll amount. Use: scroll <amount>")
             return None
 
-    # Text input
     if main_command == "text" and len(parts) >= 2:
         raw_input.text = " ".join(parts[1:])
         raw_input.key_codes = list(held_state.keys)
         raw_input.mouse_buttons = held_state.mouse_buttons
         return raw_input
 
-    # Chat shortcut - returns a list of RawInputs to send in sequence
     if main_command == "say" and len(parts) >= 2:
         message = " ".join(parts[1:])
-        # Return special marker - will be handled by caller
         raw_input.key_codes = [GLFW.KEY_T]
-        raw_input.text = f"__SAY__{message}"  # Special marker for say command
+        raw_input.text = f"__SAY__{message}"
         return raw_input
 
-    # Mouse clicks (single shot - press then immediately release)
-    # These are one-shot and don't modify held state
     if main_command == "lclick":
         raw_input.mouse_buttons = held_state.mouse_buttons | (
             1 << GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT
@@ -580,7 +309,6 @@ def parse_command(
         raw_input.key_codes = list(held_state.keys)
         return raw_input
 
-    # Mouse hold/release - these modify the held state
     if main_command == "ldown":
         held_state.set_mouse_button(GLFW.MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT, True)
         raw_input.mouse_buttons = held_state.mouse_buttons
@@ -602,13 +330,11 @@ def parse_command(
         raw_input.key_codes = list(held_state.keys)
         return raw_input
 
-    # Release all keys and mouse buttons
     if main_command == "release":
         held_keys.clear()
         held_state.clear()
-        return raw_input  # Empty state releases all
+        return raw_input
 
-    # Combo command (press multiple keys together, then release)
     if main_command == "combo" and len(parts) > 1:
         for action_name in parts[1:]:
             if action_name in COMMAND_TO_KEY:
@@ -616,23 +342,20 @@ def parse_command(
         raw_input.mouse_buttons = held_state.mouse_buttons
         return raw_input
 
-    # Hold command (add to held keys)
     if main_command == "hold" and len(parts) > 1:
         for action_name in parts[1:]:
             if action_name in COMMAND_TO_KEY:
                 held_state.keys.add(COMMAND_TO_KEY[action_name])
-                held_keys.add(COMMAND_TO_KEY[action_name])  # Keep old behavior too
+                held_keys.add(COMMAND_TO_KEY[action_name])
         raw_input.key_codes = list(held_state.keys)
         raw_input.mouse_buttons = held_state.mouse_buttons
         return raw_input
 
-    # Single key command (momentary press - does NOT add to held state)
     if main_command in COMMAND_TO_KEY:
         raw_input.key_codes = [COMMAND_TO_KEY[main_command]]
         raw_input.mouse_buttons = held_state.mouse_buttons
         return raw_input
 
-    # Try to interpret as raw key code
     try:
         key_code = int(main_command)
         raw_input.key_codes = [key_code]
@@ -645,26 +368,19 @@ def parse_command(
     return None
 
 
-# =============================================================================
-# Main Functions
-# =============================================================================
-
-
 def run_interactive_mode():
     """Run interactive mode for testing raw input."""
     client = RawInputTestClient()
     observation_client = ObservationTestClient()
     held_state = HeldState()
-    held_keys = held_state.keys  # For backward compatibility
+    held_keys = held_state.keys
 
     print("MineAgent Raw Input Test Client - Interactive Mode")
     print("=" * 50)
 
-    # Connect to action socket
     if not client.connect():
         return
 
-    # Optionally connect to observation socket
     print("\nDo you want to monitor observations? (y/n): ", end="")
     try:
         if input().lower().startswith("y"):
@@ -688,7 +404,6 @@ def run_interactive_mode():
                 if not command_line:
                     continue
 
-                # Handle special meta commands
                 if command_line.lower() in ["quit", "q"]:
                     break
                 elif command_line.lower() == "status":
@@ -704,37 +419,30 @@ def run_interactive_mode():
                     )
                     continue
                 elif command_line.lower() == "clear":
-                    print("\033[2J\033[H")  # Clear screen
+                    print("\033[2J\033[H")
                     continue
                 elif command_line.lower() == "test":
                     run_test_sequence(client)
                     continue
 
-                # Parse and send command
                 raw_input = parse_command(command_line, held_keys, held_state)
                 if raw_input is not None:
-                    # Handle special 'say' command (multi-step)
                     if raw_input.text.startswith("__SAY__"):
-                        message = raw_input.text[7:]  # Remove __SAY__ prefix
+                        message = raw_input.text[7:]
                         print(f"  Opening chat and typing: {message}")
 
-                        # Step 1: Press T to open chat
                         client.send_raw_input(RawInput(key_codes=[GLFW.KEY_T]))
-                        time.sleep(0.15)  # Wait for chat to open
+                        time.sleep(0.15)
 
-                        # Step 2: Release T
                         client.send_raw_input(RawInput())
                         time.sleep(0.05)
 
-                        # Step 3: Type the message
                         client.send_raw_input(RawInput(text=message))
                         time.sleep(0.05)
 
-                        # Step 4: Press Enter to send
                         client.send_raw_input(RawInput(key_codes=[GLFW.KEY_ENTER]))
                         time.sleep(0.05)
 
-                        # Step 5: Release Enter
                         client.send_raw_input(RawInput())
                     else:
                         client.send_raw_input(raw_input)
@@ -748,7 +456,6 @@ def run_interactive_mode():
     except KeyboardInterrupt:
         print("\nInterrupted by user")
     finally:
-        # Send release all before disconnect
         client.send_raw_input(RawInput())
         client.disconnect()
         observation_client.disconnect()
@@ -797,7 +504,7 @@ def run_automated_test():
     except KeyboardInterrupt:
         print("\nTest interrupted by user")
     finally:
-        client.send_raw_input(RawInput())  # Release all
+        client.send_raw_input(RawInput())
         client.disconnect()
 
 
diff --git a/tests/client/__init__.py b/tests/client/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/tests/client/test_connection.py b/tests/client/test_connection.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b6994c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/client/test_connection.py
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+import asyncio
+import struct
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
+
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+from mineagent.client.connection import AsyncMinecraftClient, ConnectionConfig
+from mineagent.client.protocol import RawInput
+
+FRAME_WIDTH = 2
+FRAME_HEIGHT = 2
+FRAME_SIZE = FRAME_WIDTH * FRAME_HEIGHT * 3
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def config():
+    return ConnectionConfig(
+        frame_width=FRAME_WIDTH,
+        frame_height=FRAME_HEIGHT,
+        max_retries=3,
+        retry_delay=0.0,
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client(config):
+    return AsyncMinecraftClient(config)
+
+
+def _make_mock_reader():
+    reader = AsyncMock(spec=asyncio.StreamReader)
+    return reader
+
+
+def _make_mock_writer():
+    writer = MagicMock(spec=asyncio.StreamWriter)
+    writer.drain = AsyncMock()
+    writer.wait_closed = AsyncMock()
+    return writer
+
+
+def _build_observation_bytes(reward: float, frame: bytes) -> tuple[bytes, bytes]:
+    """Build the header and frame bytes matching the wire protocol."""
+    header = struct.pack(">d", reward) + struct.pack(">I", len(frame))
+    return header, frame
+
+
+async def _connect_client(client: AsyncMinecraftClient):
+    """Patch open_unix_connection and connect, returning the mock reader/writer."""
+    reader = _make_mock_reader()
+    writer = _make_mock_writer()
+
+    async def fake_open(path):
+        if path == client.config.observation_socket:
+            return (reader, MagicMock())
+        return (MagicMock(), writer)
+
+    with patch(
+        "mineagent.client.connection.asyncio.open_unix_connection",
+        side_effect=fake_open,
+    ):
+        result = await client.connect()
+
+    assert result is True
+    return reader, writer
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_connect_success(client):
+    reader = _make_mock_reader()
+    writer = _make_mock_writer()
+
+    async def fake_open(path):
+        if path == client.config.observation_socket:
+            return (reader, MagicMock())
+        return (MagicMock(), writer)
+
+    with patch(
+        "mineagent.client.connection.asyncio.open_unix_connection",
+        side_effect=fake_open,
+    ):
+        result = await client.connect()
+
+    assert result is True
+    assert client.connected is True
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_connect_failure_retries(client):
+    call_count = 0
+
+    async def fake_open(path):
+        nonlocal call_count
+        call_count += 1
+        raise OSError("Connection refused")
+
+    with patch(
+        "mineagent.client.connection.asyncio.open_unix_connection",
+        side_effect=fake_open,
+    ):
+        result = await client.connect()
+
+    assert result is False
+    assert client.connected is False
+    assert call_count == client.config.max_retries
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_disconnect(client):
+    reader, writer = await _connect_client(client)
+    assert client.connected is True
+
+    await client.disconnect()
+
+    assert client.connected is False
+    writer.close.assert_called_once()
+    writer.wait_closed.assert_awaited_once()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_send_action(client):
+    raw_input = RawInput(key_codes=[87], mouse_dx=1.0, mouse_dy=-1.0)
+    expected_bytes = raw_input.to_bytes()
+
+    _, writer = await _connect_client(client)
+
+    result = await client.send_action(raw_input)
+
+    assert result is True
+    writer.write.assert_called_once_with(expected_bytes)
+    writer.drain.assert_awaited_once()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_send_action_not_connected(client):
+    result = await client.send_action(RawInput())
+    assert result is False
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_receive_observation(client):
+    reward = 1.5
+    frame_bytes = np.zeros((FRAME_HEIGHT, FRAME_WIDTH, 3), dtype=np.uint8).tobytes()
+    header, frame_data = _build_observation_bytes(reward, frame_bytes)
+
+    reader, _ = await _connect_client(client)
+    reader.readexactly = AsyncMock(side_effect=[header, frame_data])
+
+    obs = await client.receive_observation()
+
+    assert obs is not None
+    assert obs.reward == reward
+    assert obs.frame.shape == (FRAME_HEIGHT, FRAME_WIDTH, 3)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_receive_observation_incomplete(client):
+    reader, _ = await _connect_client(client)
+    reader.readexactly = AsyncMock(
+        side_effect=asyncio.IncompleteReadError(partial=b"", expected=12)
+    )
+
+    obs = await client.receive_observation()
+
+    assert obs is None
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_receive_observation_not_connected(client):
+    obs = await client.receive_observation()
+    assert obs is None
diff --git a/tests/client/test_protocol.py b/tests/client/test_protocol.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ddd52a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/client/test_protocol.py
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+import struct
+
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+from mineagent.client.protocol import GLFW, RawInput, parse_observation
+
+
+# --- to_bytes serialization ---
+
+
+def test_empty_raw_input_to_bytes():
+    data = RawInput().to_bytes()
+
+    # 1 (key count) + 4+4 (mouse dx/dy) + 1 (buttons) + 4 (scroll) + 2 (text len) = 16
+    assert len(data) == 16
+
+    assert data[0] == 0
+    assert struct.unpack(">f", data[1:5])[0] == 0.0
+    assert struct.unpack(">f", data[5:9])[0] == 0.0
+    assert data[9] == 0
+    assert struct.unpack(">f", data[10:14])[0] == 0.0
+    assert struct.unpack(">H", data[14:16])[0] == 0
+
+
+def test_to_bytes_with_key_codes():
+    raw = RawInput(key_codes=[GLFW.KEY_W, GLFW.KEY_SPACE])
+    data = raw.to_bytes()
+
+    assert data[0] == 2
+    assert struct.unpack(">h", data[1:3])[0] == GLFW.KEY_W
+    assert struct.unpack(">h", data[3:5])[0] == GLFW.KEY_SPACE
+
+
+def test_to_bytes_with_mouse_deltas():
+    raw = RawInput(mouse_dx=10.5, mouse_dy=-3.25)
+    data = raw.to_bytes()
+
+    offset = 1  # skip key count (0 keys)
+    assert struct.unpack(">f", data[offset : offset + 4])[0] == pytest.approx(10.5)
+    assert struct.unpack(">f", data[offset + 4 : offset + 8])[0] == pytest.approx(-3.25)
+
+
+def test_to_bytes_with_text():
+    raw = RawInput(text="hello")
+    data = raw.to_bytes()
+
+    text_len_offset = 14  # 1 + 4 + 4 + 1 + 4
+    text_len = struct.unpack(">H", data[text_len_offset : text_len_offset + 2])[0]
+    assert text_len == 5
+    assert data[text_len_offset + 2 :] == b"hello"
+
+
+def test_to_bytes_with_unicode_text():
+    raw = RawInput(text="héllo")
+    data = raw.to_bytes()
+
+    text_len_offset = 14
+    text_len = struct.unpack(">H", data[text_len_offset : text_len_offset + 2])[0]
+    encoded = "héllo".encode("utf-8")
+    assert text_len == len(encoded)  # 6 bytes, not 5 characters
+    assert data[text_len_offset + 2 :] == encoded
+
+
+def test_to_bytes_round_trip():
+    raw = RawInput(
+        key_codes=[GLFW.KEY_W, GLFW.KEY_A],
+        mouse_dx=5.0,
+        mouse_dy=-2.0,
+        mouse_buttons=0b101,  # left + middle
+        scroll_delta=1.5,
+        text="test",
+    )
+    data = raw.to_bytes()
+
+    offset = 0
+    num_keys = data[offset]
+    offset += 1
+    assert num_keys == 2
+
+    keys = []
+    for _ in range(num_keys):
+        keys.append(struct.unpack(">h", data[offset : offset + 2])[0])
+        offset += 2
+    assert keys == [GLFW.KEY_W, GLFW.KEY_A]
+
+    mouse_dx = struct.unpack(">f", data[offset : offset + 4])[0]
+    offset += 4
+    assert mouse_dx == pytest.approx(5.0)
+
+    mouse_dy = struct.unpack(">f", data[offset : offset + 4])[0]
+    offset += 4
+    assert mouse_dy == pytest.approx(-2.0)
+
+    mouse_buttons = data[offset]
+    offset += 1
+    assert mouse_buttons == 0b101
+
+    scroll_delta = struct.unpack(">f", data[offset : offset + 4])[0]
+    offset += 4
+    assert scroll_delta == pytest.approx(1.5)
+
+    text_len = struct.unpack(">H", data[offset : offset + 2])[0]
+    offset += 2
+    assert text_len == 4
+
+    text = data[offset : offset + text_len].decode("utf-8")
+    assert text == "test"
+
+    assert offset + text_len == len(data)
+
+
+# --- to_bytes edge cases ---
+
+
+def test_to_bytes_too_many_keys():
+    raw = RawInput(key_codes=list(range(256)))
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Too many keys"):
+        raw.to_bytes()
+
+
+def test_to_bytes_max_valid_keys():
+    raw = RawInput(key_codes=list(range(255)))
+    data = raw.to_bytes()
+    assert data[0] == 255
+
+
+def test_to_bytes_text_too_long():
+    raw = RawInput(text="x" * 65536)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Text too long"):
+        raw.to_bytes()
+
+
+# --- Mouse button helpers ---
+
+
+def test_set_left_mouse():
+    raw = RawInput()
+    raw.set_left_mouse(True)
+    assert raw.mouse_buttons & 1
+
+    raw.set_left_mouse(False)
+    assert raw.mouse_buttons == 0
+
+
+def test_set_right_mouse():
+    raw = RawInput()
+    raw.set_right_mouse(True)
+    assert raw.mouse_buttons & 2
+
+    raw.set_right_mouse(False)
+    assert raw.mouse_buttons == 0
+
+
+def test_set_middle_mouse():
+    raw = RawInput()
+    raw.set_middle_mouse(True)
+    assert raw.mouse_buttons & 4
+
+    raw.set_middle_mouse(False)
+    assert raw.mouse_buttons == 0
+
+
+def test_set_multiple_mouse_buttons():
+    raw = RawInput()
+    raw.set_left_mouse(True)
+    raw.set_right_mouse(True)
+    raw.set_middle_mouse(True)
+    assert raw.mouse_buttons == 0b111
+
+    raw.set_right_mouse(False)
+    assert raw.mouse_buttons == 0b101
+
+
+# --- release_all ---
+
+
+def test_release_all():
+    raw = RawInput.release_all()
+    assert raw.key_codes == []
+    assert raw.mouse_dx == 0.0
+    assert raw.mouse_dy == 0.0
+    assert raw.mouse_buttons == 0
+    assert raw.scroll_delta == 0.0
+    assert raw.text == ""
+
+
+# --- parse_observation ---
+
+FRAME_HEIGHT = 4
+FRAME_WIDTH = 4
+FRAME_SHAPE = (FRAME_HEIGHT, FRAME_WIDTH)
+FRAME_NUM_BYTES = FRAME_HEIGHT * FRAME_WIDTH * 3
+
+
+def _build_header(reward: float, frame_length: int) -> bytes:
+    return struct.pack(">d", reward) + struct.pack(">I", frame_length)
+
+
+def test_parse_observation():
+    reward = 2.5
+    frame_data = bytes(range(FRAME_NUM_BYTES % 256)) * (
+        FRAME_NUM_BYTES // (FRAME_NUM_BYTES % 256) + 1
+    )
+    frame_data = frame_data[:FRAME_NUM_BYTES]
+    header = _build_header(reward, len(frame_data))
+
+    obs = parse_observation(header, frame_data, FRAME_SHAPE)
+
+    assert obs.reward == reward
+    assert obs.frame.shape == (FRAME_HEIGHT, FRAME_WIDTH, 3)
+    assert obs.frame.dtype == np.uint8
+
+
+def test_parse_observation_zero_reward():
+    frame_data = b"\x00" * FRAME_NUM_BYTES
+    header = _build_header(0.0, FRAME_NUM_BYTES)
+
+    obs = parse_observation(header, frame_data, FRAME_SHAPE)
+
+    assert obs.reward == 0.0
+    assert obs.frame.shape == (FRAME_HEIGHT, FRAME_WIDTH, 3)
+    assert np.all(obs.frame == 0)
+
+
+def test_parse_observation_negative_reward():
+    frame_data = b"\xff" * FRAME_NUM_BYTES
+    header = _build_header(-100.0, FRAME_NUM_BYTES)
+
+    obs = parse_observation(header, frame_data, FRAME_SHAPE)
+
+    assert obs.reward == -100.0
+    assert np.all(obs.frame == 255)
+
+
+def test_parse_observation_frame_values():
+    frame_array = np.arange(FRAME_NUM_BYTES, dtype=np.uint8)
+    frame_data = frame_array.tobytes()
+    header = _build_header(1.0, FRAME_NUM_BYTES)
+
+    obs = parse_observation(header, frame_data, FRAME_SHAPE)
+
+    expected = frame_array.reshape(FRAME_HEIGHT, FRAME_WIDTH, 3)
+    np.testing.assert_array_equal(obs.frame, expected)
+
+
+def test_parse_observation_invalid_header_length():
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Header must be 12 bytes"):
+        parse_observation(b"\x00" * 8, b"\x00" * FRAME_NUM_BYTES, FRAME_SHAPE)
+
+
+def test_parse_observation_frame_length_mismatch():
+    wrong_length = FRAME_NUM_BYTES + 1
+    header = _build_header(0.0, wrong_length)
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Frame length mismatch"):
+        parse_observation(header, b"\x00" * FRAME_NUM_BYTES, FRAME_SHAPE)
+
+
+def test_parse_observation_frame_size_mismatch():
+    bad_frame = b"\x00" * (FRAME_NUM_BYTES - 1)
+    header = _build_header(0.0, len(bad_frame))
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Frame data size mismatch"):
+        parse_observation(header, bad_frame, FRAME_SHAPE)
+
+
+def test_parse_observation_default_frame_shape():
+    height, width = 240, 320
+    num_bytes = height * width * 3
+    frame_data = b"\x00" * num_bytes
+    header = _build_header(0.0, num_bytes)
+
+    obs = parse_observation(header, frame_data)
+
+    assert obs.frame.shape == (240, 320, 3)