chore(ci): update GitHub Actions and Node.js to supported versions

[Shubh-Raj]

Closes #449

This PR updates the GitHub Actions workflows to use modern, supported versions of actions and Node.js, addressing security and compatibility concerns with end-of-life software.

Changes

• Update actions/checkout from v2 to v4 in both build.yml and build-and-publish.yml
• Update actions/setup-node from v1 to v4 in both build.yml and build-and-publish.yml
• Update Node.js test matrix in build.yml from 12.x, 14.x to 18.x, 20.x, 22.x
• Update Node.js deployment version in build-and-publish.yml from 14.x to 20.x

Flags

• Backward Compatibility: Both actions/checkout@v4 and actions/setup-node@v4 are backward compatible with existing workflow syntax.
• No Breaking Changes: The Node.js version updates (18.x, 20.x, 22.x) do not introduce breaking changes to this codebase.

Screenshots or Video

N/A - Infrastructure changes only (workflow YAML files)

Related Issues

• Issue chore: update GitHub Actions and Node.js to modern versions #449

Author Checklist

• Ensure you provide a DCO sign-off for your commits using the --signoff option of git commit.
• Vital features and changes captured in unit and/or integration tests
• Commits messages follow AP format
• Extend the documentation, if necessary
• Merging to master from fork:branchname