Git & GitHub Workshop (Mar, 2023)

Table of Contents

• Introduction
• What is Git?
• Git vs GitHub
• Git Setup and Configuration
• Demo Repository Setup
• Staging Area Concept in Git
• Add and Commit [Local Repo]
• Git Collaboration

Introduction

Welcome to the Git & GitHub Workshop! This workshop is designed to introduce you to the basics of Git and GitHub. Git is a version control system that allows you to track changes to your code and collaborate with others. GitHub is a web-based hosting service for version control using Git.

Git is a Version Control System

• Version control is a system that records changes to a file or set of files over time so that you can recall specific versions later.

• Git is a version control system that allows you to track changes to your code and collaborate with others.

Git vs GitHub

Git	GitHub
Tool to control and track versions of code.	Cloud service to host git repositories.
Installed and maintained locally on a developer's computer.	Remote connection provider and maintained on cloud/web.
Generally uses command line interface (CLI) with a limited GUI.	Provides a graphical user interface (GUI) to interact with git repositories.
Allows for branching and merging of code.	Offers pull requests and code review features for collaboration.
Provides basic features like committing changes and creating branches.	Offers additional features like issue tracking, project management, and code hosting.

Git Setup and Configuration

1. Download and install Git from https://git-scm.com/downloads

2. Open Git Bash and check the version of Git installed:

git --version

3. Configure Git with your name and email address:

git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "Your Email"

Demo Repository Setup

1. Create a New Folder on your Desktop called yourFolderName:

2. Open Git Bash and navigate to the folder you just created:

cd yourFolderName

3. Initialize the folder as a Git repository:

git init

4. If you didnot setup global configuration, you can configure Git with your name and email address:

git config user.name "Akib Zaman"
git config user.email "your@email.here"

You can also check the configuration:

git config --list

Check Global Email and Name:

git config user.email
git config user.name

5. Create some files in the folder:

touch file1.txt
touch file2.txt

6. Check the status of the repository:

git status

7. Let’s add the new file to staging Area

Staging Area Concept in Git

Add and Commit [Local Repo]

Adding to the Staging Area:

1. Only a specific File: git add <file_name>

2. Only files of a folder but not the subfolder: git add . or git add *

3. All files and subfolders recursively: git add -A

4. Only a particular type of file from directory: git add *.c

5. Only a particular type of file from directory & subdirectory: git add **/*.c

Checking the Differences between previous and current version: git diff

Restore the earlier version of the file: git restore < file_name>

Removing from Staging Area: git restore --staged <file_name>

Committing to the Local Repository:

1. Only Commit: git commit -m "Your Commit Message"

2. Commit and Add: git commit -am "Your Commit Message"

3. Commit and Add with Editor: git commit -a

4. See Commit History: git log or for a short version: git log --oneline or for a short version with graph: git log --oneline --graph

5. See Commit History with Author: git log --oneline --graph --all --decorate --author="Akib Zaman"

6. See Specific Commit: git show <commit_id>

Undoing from Local Repository:

1. Local Repo to Staging Area: git restore --staged <file_name>

2. Local Repo to Staging Area (Multiple Commit): git reset --soft HEAD~<number_of_commit> e.g. git reset --soft HEAD~2

3. Local Repo to Working Directory: git restore <file_name>

4. Total Deletion of a Commit: `git reset --hard HEAD^

Checkout

1. To a specific commit: git checkout <commit_id>

2. To a specific branch: git checkout <branch_name>

3. To a specific tag: git checkout <tag_name>

4. Move back to the previous branch: git checkout -

Branching

1. Create a new branch: git branch <branch_name>
2. List all branches: git branch
3. Switch to a branch: git checkout <branch_name>
4. Create a new branch and switch to it: git checkout -b <branch_name>
5. Delete a branch: git branch -d <branch_name>
6. Merge a branch: git merge <branch_name>
7. Merge a branch with a commit message: git merge <branch_name> -m "Your Commit Message"

Git Collaboration

1. Create a new repository on GitHub

2. Copy the remote repository URL

3. Add the remote repository URL to your local repository: git remote add origin <remote_repository_URL>

4. Clone a Remote Repository: git clone <remote_repository_URL>

5. Push to Remote Repository: git push -u origin

6. Pull from Remote Repository: git pull

7. Fetch from Remote Repository: git fetch

8. Push setting the branch upstream: git push --set-upstream origin <branch_name>

Extra Resources

• Akib Zaman's PDF

• Git Cheat Sheet

• Git Documentation

• Git Branching

• Git Immersion

• Git for Teams