feat(actions): add pre-commit framework with codespell

Official -> "Git hook scripts are useful for identifying simple issues before submission to code review. We run our hooks on every commit to automatically point out issues in code such as missing semicolons, trailing whitespace, and debug statements. By pointing these issues out before code review, this allows a code reviewer to focus on the architecture of a change while not wasting time with trivial style nitpicks."

https://pre-commit.com/

Using a `pre-commit` framework speeds up development as a lot of tests can be run on the local machine giving instant feedback. So we don't have to wait for the CI / GitHub actions to run to get feedback. The pre-commit automatically fixes some of the issues when you do git commit and if there are any issues the tests are marked as red failed. Then you will need to commit again so that all the tests pass green.

When pre-commit runs with GitHub Actions on the GitHub website the hooks/tests either pass or fail.

There are many more pre-commit checks listed here -> https://pre-commit.com/hooks.html

Lets get this PR merged and then I will look at adding more pre-commit tests 👍

This PR adds `codespell` to our pre-commit hooks.

The words in `codespell.txt` are ignored and this file has basically been created by running:

`codespell . | cut -f2 -d' ' | tr A-Z a-z | sort | uniq > codespell.txt`

from the repo root.

https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell

`codespell` is one of the leading spell checkers on GitHub.

Going forwards we will need to fix a lot of the misspelled words that are in `codespell.txt`

.github/workflows/linter.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+name: Lint
+
+on: [pull_request]
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  pre-commit:
+    name: Run pre-commit
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Check Out
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Install
+        run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+          pip install pre-commit
+      - name: Set PY
+        run: echo "PY=$(python -VV | sha256sum | cut -d' ' -f1)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - uses: actions/cache@v3
+        with:
+          path: ~/.cache/pre-commit
+          key: pre-commit|${{ env.PY }}|${{ hashFiles('.pre-commit-config.yaml') }}
+      - name: Run pre-commit
+        run: pre-commit run --all-files

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+---
+default_stages: [commit, push]
+default_language_version:
+  # force all unspecified Python hooks to run python3
+  python: python3
+minimum_pre_commit_version: "2.17.0"
+repos:
+  - repo: meta
+    hooks:
+      - id: identity
+      - id: check-hooks-apply
+  - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
+    rev: v2.2.6
+    hooks:
+      - id: codespell
+        name: run codespell
+        description: Check spelling with codespell
+        entry: codespell --ignore-words=codespell.txt