[LLSC-51] Fix logging within backend

[mslwang]

Notion ticket link

Add startup Logs (Fix logging) for backend

Implementation description

• We were having issues troubleshooting where some people may have startup issues, since errors weren't being emitted to the console (through standard error). After deep diving, we realized that the alembic.ini config was taking control over logging configurations and suppressing other loggers. Given that going without the alembic.ini config doesn't seem viable at the moment, I've stuck to basing all loggers in the API off of one sublogger, and using a function to create child loggers for more context.

Steps to test

1. Run pdm run dev
2. Add a new logger using the instructions in the README to another service, ie.
   To add a logger to a new service or file, use the LOGGER_NAME function in app/utilities/constants.py

from app.utilities.constants import LOGGER_NAME

log = logging.getLogger(LOGGER_NAME("my_service"))

What should reviewers focus on?

• Whether logging works

Checklist

• My PR name is descriptive and in imperative tense
• My commit messages are descriptive and in imperative tense. My commits are atomic and trivial commits are squashed or fixup'd into non-trivial commits
• I have run the appropriate linter(s)
• I have requested a review from the PL, as well as other devs who have background knowledge on this PR or who will be building on top of this PR