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[Bugfix][NIXL] Fix best_of_n KV leak and early-notification race in P/D#43509

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[Bugfix][NIXL] Fix best_of_n KV leak and early-notification race in P/D#43509
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@crazyguitar crazyguitar commented May 24, 2026

Summary

Fixes two NIXL P/D bugs that hit under parallel sampling (n > 1):

  1. FIX(best_of fan-out) — the decode pulls KV for only one of n siblings (others served by its prefix cache), so the producer frees only that one; the other n - 1 strand in _reqs_to_send until the 480s expiry → prefill KV pins ~100% → engine hangs.
  2. FIX(early-notif race) — a pull-complete notification arriving before start_load_kv() registers the request was dropped as "unrecognized"; the request only freed at the 480s expiry. Under heterogeneous TP (cpp > 1) it stalls entirely.

Validated end-to-end on three NIXL P/D topologies (1p3d TP=1, 1p1d_tp2 hetero-TP, 1p1d_2tp homogeneous TP=2): no expiries, no engine hangs, KV drains between batches.

Why this is not duplicating an existing PR

Searched open / merged PRs for NIXL best_of, NIXL parallel sampling, NIXL KV leak, _get_new_notifs, start_load_kv stranded, _reqs_to_send 480s. Closest matches:

No existing PR covers the NIXL producer _get_new_notifs / start_load_kv release path.

Purpose

Two related bug fixes to the NIXL P/D producer KV-release path that together resolve an engine hang under parallel sampling (n > 1 / best_of_n > 1) and a notification-vs-registration race that strands requests until the 480s expiry under heterogeneous TP.

1. FIX(best_of fan-out)n > 1 KV leak

When n > 1 (parallel sampling), vLLM splits one prompt into n sibling requests f"{i}_{parent}" that share one prompt KV on the prefill. The decode pulls that KV for only one sibling and serves the rest from its prefix cache, so the producer gets only one pull-complete notification per parent and frees only one of n siblings. The other n - 1 strand until VLLM_NIXL_ABORT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT (default 480s), pinning prefill GPU KV cache at ~100% under load → engine hangs.

Before:

  PREFILL                                   DECODE (n=8)
  ┌──────────────────────────┐              ┌──────────────────────────┐
  │ register 8 siblings:     │              │ pull KV for sibling      │
  │   0_cmpl-fb4bc0e0        │ ───KV────►   │   7_cmpl-fb4bc0e0 only   │
  │   1_cmpl-fb4bc0e0        │              │ (others = prefix cache)  │
  │   ...                    │ ◄──notif───  │ send "7_cmpl-fb4bc0e0:1" │
  │   7_cmpl-fb4bc0e0        │              │                          │
  │ → 8 KV blocks held       │              └──────────────────────────┘
  │                          │
  │ free 7_cmpl-fb4bc0e0     │
  │ 0..6_cmpl-fb4bc0e0 stay  │
  │ → 480s expiry, KV pins   │
  │   ~100% → engine hangs   │
  └──────────────────────────┘

After:

  PREFILL                                   DECODE (n=8)
  ┌──────────────────────────┐              ┌──────────────────────────┐
  │ register 8 siblings:     │              │ pull KV for sibling      │
  │   0_cmpl-fb4bc0e0        │ ───KV────►   │   7_cmpl-fb4bc0e0 only   │
  │   1_cmpl-fb4bc0e0        │              │ (others = prefix cache)  │
  │   ...                    │ ◄──notif───  │ send "7_cmpl-fb4bc0e0:1" │
  │   7_cmpl-fb4bc0e0        │              │                          │
  │ → 8 KV blocks held       │              └──────────────────────────┘
  │                          │
  │ parse parent             │
  │   "cmpl-fb4bc0e0"        │
  │ free 7_cmpl-fb4bc0e0     │
  │  + all 0..6_cmpl-fb4bc0e0│
  │ → all 8 freed, no leak   │
  └──────────────────────────┘

2. FIX(early-notif race) — notification arrives before producer registration

Under async scheduling, the consumer's pull-complete notification can arrive at the producer before start_load_kv() registers the request. Stock _get_new_notifs() dropped any notification whose req_id was not yet in _reqs_to_process (logging Potentially invalid KV blocks ...). The request then only freed at the 480s expiry. Under heterogeneous TP (consumers_per_producer > 1), more than one notification can race the registration and the request stalls entirely.

Before:

  PREFILL                                   DECODE
  ┌──────────────────────────┐              ┌──────────────────────────┐
  │ (req cmpl-35dba481 NOT   │              │ pull KV for              │
  │  yet in _reqs_to_process)│ ◄──notif───  │   cmpl-35dba481          │
  │                          │              │ send "cmpl-35dba481:N"   │
  │ _get_new_notifs:         │              │  (N = decode_TP)         │
  │   not registered →       │              └──────────────────────────┘
  │   DROP + ERROR log       │
  │                          │
  │ start_load_kv() later:   │
  │   register the req       │
  │                          │
  │ TP=1  (cpp=1):           │
  │   one notif was dropped  │
  │   → 480s expiry frees it │
  │                          │
  │ TP>1  (cpp=N>1):         │
  │   if all N notifs raced  │
  │   the registration,      │
  │   none counted →         │
  │   request stalls entirely│
  └──────────────────────────┘

After:

  PREFILL                                   DECODE
  ┌──────────────────────────┐              ┌──────────────────────────┐
  │ (req cmpl-35dba481 NOT   │              │ pull KV for              │
  │  yet in _reqs_to_process)│ ◄──notif───  │   cmpl-35dba481          │
  │                          │              │ send "cmpl-35dba481:N"   │
  │ _get_new_notifs:         │              │  (N = decode_TP)         │
  │   stage N in             │              └──────────────────────────┘
  │   _notif_n_consumers[X]  │
  │   counter[X] += 1        │
  │                          │
  │ start_load_kv() later:   │
  │   register the req       │
  │   settle if counter ≥ cpp│
  │                          │
  │ TP=1  (cpp=1):           │
  │   counter=1 ≥ 1 → release│
  │                          │
  │ TP>1  (cpp=N):           │
  │   counter accumulates    │
  │   per orphan notif;      │
  │   release once counter   │
  │   reaches cpp            │
  └──────────────────────────┘

Changes

  • worker.py: track _pulled_bases + _fanout_released to release best_of siblings together; fold into get_finished().
  • worker.py: stage early notifications in _notif_n_consumers; settle on registration into _late_released.
  • worker.py: add _best_of_parent() helper that parses the f"{i}_{parent}" sibling naming convention.
  • test_nixl_connector.py: add _QueueingFakeNixlWrapper + 3 BDD tests covering both fixes.

Test Plan

Unit tests

3 new tests in tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_nixl_connector.py using the existing FakeNixlConnectorWorker / FakeNixlWrapper:

  • test_one_sibling_pull_releases_all_registered_siblings
  • test_sibling_registering_after_parent_pulled_is_freed_at_registration
  • test_notification_arriving_before_registration_settles_on_registration
pytest tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_nixl_connector.py -v

End-to-end

Environment: vllm/vllm-openai:v0.21.0, 4× A100-80GB, Qwen2.5-7B fp8, best_of_n=8, 2048 input / 80 output tokens, NIXL/UCX over cuda_ipc.

  • 1p3d (TP=1) — 1 prefill + 3 decode; exercises FIX(best_of fan-out).
  • 1p1d_tp2 — prefill TP=1 + decode TP=2; exercises both fixes (cpp > 1 regime).

Bring up the topology with the attached run.sh, then drive load with profiles.py:

# terminal 1
./run.sh   # 1p3d or 1p1d_tp2

# terminal 2
python3 profiles.py \
    --host localhost:10001 \
    --best_of_n 8 \
    --input_tokens 2048 \
    --output_tokens 80 \
    --max_latency 5

Test Result

With both fixes applied on the 1p3d and 1p1d_tp2 setups (Qwen2.5-7B fp8, best_of_n=8, NIXL/UCX, A100-80GB):

  • Prefill GPU KV cache drains between batches (peaks well under 5%); zero Releasing expired KV blocks for request log lines (no 480s timeouts firing).
  • Zero Potentially invalid KV blocks for unrecognized request ERROR lines (these fire without FIX(early-notif race)).
  • All requests succeed; no errors or tracebacks on prefill or decode.

Checks

Local pre-commit run on the changed files:

SKIP=pip-compile,pip-compile-rocm,pip-compile-xpu,pip-compile-docs,\
update-dockerfile-graph,validate-docker-versions,format-torch-nightly-test \
  pre-commit run --files \
    vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/nixl/worker.py \
    tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_nixl_connector.py

All pass: ruff-check, ruff-format, typos, SPDX headers, root lazy imports, forbidden imports, torch.cuda call check, mypy-3.10, attention backend docs, boolean-ops-in-with-statements. DCO signoff present on both commits.

Repro scripts (1p3d/run.sh)
#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -o pipefail

cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")"
mkdir -p logs && rm -f logs/*.log
touch logs/proxy.log logs/prefill_0.log logs/decode_{0,1,2}.log

PIDS=()
trap 'echo; echo "[run] stopping..."; kill "${PIDS[@]:-}" 2>/dev/null; pkill -P $$ 2>/dev/null; wait 2>/dev/null; exit' INT TERM

HERE="$(dirname "$(readlink -f "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")")"
PROXY="$HERE/toy_proxy_server.py"

export NCCL_DEBUG=WARN
export UCX_RNDV_THRESH=8192
export UCX_TLS=tcp,cuda_ipc,cuda_copy,shm,cma,self
export VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_HOST=127.0.0.1

COMMON=(
    --tensor-parallel-size 1
    --gpu-memory-utilization 0.92
    --max-model-len 10240
    --max-num-batched-tokens 32768
    --max-num-seqs 128
    --trust-remote-code
    --kv-cache-dtype fp8
)

kv() { printf '{"kv_connector":"NixlConnector","kv_role":"%s"}' "$1"; }

python3 "$PROXY" --host 0.0.0.0 --port 10001 \
    --prefiller-hosts 127.0.0.1 --prefiller-ports 8100 \
    --decoder-hosts   127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 --decoder-ports 8200 8201 8202 \
    > logs/proxy.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)

CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=5600 \
    vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct "${COMMON[@]}" \
        --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8100 --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_producer)" \
    > logs/prefill_0.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)

for i in 0 1 2; do
    CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=$((i+1)) VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=$((5601+i)) \
        vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct "${COMMON[@]}" \
            --host 0.0.0.0 --port $((8200+i)) --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_consumer)" \
        > logs/decode_${i}.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)
done

echo "[run] launched ${#PIDS[@]} services — tailing logs (Ctrl-C to stop)"
tail -F logs/*.log
Repro scripts (1p1d_tp2/run.sh, hetero-TP)
#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -o pipefail

cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")"
mkdir -p logs && rm -f logs/*.log
touch logs/proxy.log logs/prefill_0.log logs/decode_0.log

PIDS=()
trap 'echo; echo "[run] stopping..."; kill "${PIDS[@]:-}" 2>/dev/null; pkill -P $$ 2>/dev/null; wait 2>/dev/null; exit' INT TERM

HERE="$(dirname "$(readlink -f "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")")"
PROXY="$HERE/toy_proxy_server.py"

export NCCL_DEBUG=WARN
export UCX_RNDV_THRESH=8192
export UCX_TLS=tcp,cuda_ipc,cuda_copy,shm,cma,self
export VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_HOST=127.0.0.1

kv() { printf '{"kv_connector":"NixlConnector","kv_role":"%s"}' "$1"; }

python3 "$PROXY" --host 0.0.0.0 --port 10001 \
    --prefiller-hosts 127.0.0.1 --prefiller-ports 8100 \
    --decoder-hosts   127.0.0.1 --decoder-ports   8200 \
    > logs/proxy.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)

CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=5600 \
    vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct \
        --tensor-parallel-size 1 \
        --gpu-memory-utilization 0.92 \
        --max-model-len 10240 --max-num-batched-tokens 32768 --max-num-seqs 128 \
        --trust-remote-code --kv-cache-dtype fp8 \
        --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8100 --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_producer)" \
    > logs/prefill_0.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)

CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=1,2 VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=5601 \
    vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct \
        --tensor-parallel-size 2 \
        --gpu-memory-utilization 0.92 \
        --max-model-len 10240 --max-num-batched-tokens 32768 --max-num-seqs 128 \
        --trust-remote-code --kv-cache-dtype fp8 \
        --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8200 --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_consumer)" \
    > logs/decode_0.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)

echo "[run] launched ${#PIDS[@]} services — tailing logs (Ctrl-C to stop)"
tail -F logs/*.log
Repro scripts (1p1d_2tp/run.sh, prefill TP2 and decode TP2)
#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -o pipefail

cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")"
mkdir -p logs && rm -f logs/*.log
touch logs/proxy.log logs/prefill_0.log logs/decode_0.log

PIDS=()
trap 'echo; echo "[run] stopping..."; kill "${PIDS[@]:-}" 2>/dev/null; pkill -P $$ 2>/dev/null; wait 2>/dev/null; exit' INT TERM

echo "[run] starting 1p1d_2tp (prefill TP=2 GPUs 0,1 + decode TP=2 GPUs 2,3)"

HERE="$(dirname "$(readlink -f "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")")"
# Patches applied manually; see ../../pd-nixl/apply_nixl_{best_of_fanout,early_notif}.py.

PROXY="$HERE/../../pd-nixl/toy_proxy_server.py"

export NCCL_DEBUG=WARN
export UCX_RNDV_THRESH=8192
export UCX_TLS=tcp,cuda_ipc,cuda_copy,shm,cma,self
export VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_HOST=127.0.0.1

kv() {  # $1 = kv_role
    printf '{"kv_connector":"NixlConnector","kv_role":"%s"}' "$1"
}

python3 "$PROXY" --host 0.0.0.0 --port 10001 \
    --prefiller-hosts 127.0.0.1 --prefiller-ports 8100 \
    --decoder-hosts   127.0.0.1 --decoder-ports   8200 \
    > logs/proxy.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)

# Prefill: 2 GPUs, TP=2.
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0,1 VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=5600 \
    vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct \
        --tensor-parallel-size 2 \
        --gpu-memory-utilization 0.92 \
        --max-model-len 10240 \
        --max-num-batched-tokens 32768 \
        --max-num-seqs 128 \
        --trust-remote-code \
        --kv-cache-dtype fp8 \
        --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8100 --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_producer)" \
    > logs/prefill_0.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)

# Decode: 2 GPUs, TP=2 (homogeneous w/ prefill TP).
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=2,3 VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=5601 \
    vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct \
        --tensor-parallel-size 2 \
        --gpu-memory-utilization 0.92 \
        --max-model-len 10240 \
        --max-num-batched-tokens 32768 \
        --max-num-seqs 128 \
        --trust-remote-code \
        --kv-cache-dtype fp8 \
        --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8200 --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_consumer)" \
    > logs/decode_0.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)

echo "[run] launched ${#PIDS[@]} services — tailing logs (Ctrl-C to stop)"
tail -F logs/*.log
Benchmark client (profiles.py)
import argparse
import concurrent.futures
import json
import pathlib
import random
import statistics
import time

import requests


DEFAULT_PROMPTS = str(pathlib.Path(__file__).resolve().parent / "model_outputs.json")
DEFAULT_MODEL = "Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct"


def percentile(xs, q):
    s = sorted(xs)
    return s[max(0, min(int(len(s) * q / 100), len(s) - 1))]


def load_prompts(path, n):
    with open(path) as f:
        rows = [json.loads(line) for line in f if line.strip()]
    return [r.get("model_input", "") for r in rows[:n]]


def build_body(text, model, input_tokens, output_tokens, best_of_n, shuffle):
    if shuffle:
        words = text.split(" ")
        random.shuffle(words)
        text = " ".join(words)
    body = {"model": model, "prompt": text}
    if output_tokens:
        body["max_tokens"] = output_tokens + random.randint(-10, 10)
    if input_tokens:
        body["truncate_prompt_tokens"] = input_tokens + random.randint(-100, 100)
    if best_of_n:
        body["n"] = best_of_n
    return body


def send_one(host, model, prompt, input_tokens, output_tokens, best_of_n, shuffle):
    body = build_body(prompt, model, input_tokens, output_tokens, best_of_n, shuffle)
    start = time.time()
    try:
        r = requests.post(f"{host}/v1/completions", json=body, timeout=600)
        r.raise_for_status()
        usage = r.json().get("usage") or {}
        cached = (usage.get("prompt_tokens_details") or {}).get("cached_tokens", 0)
        return {
            "latency": time.time() - start,
            "error": False,
            "in_tokens": usage.get("prompt_tokens"),
            "out_tokens": usage.get("completion_tokens", 0),
            "cached": cached,
        }
    except Exception:
        return {"latency": time.time() - start, "error": True}


def run_batch(host, model, prompts, batch_size, **kw):
    start = time.time()
    with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=batch_size) as ex:
        futures = [ex.submit(send_one, host, model, p, **kw) for p in prompts]
        results = [f.result() for f in concurrent.futures.as_completed(futures)]
    return time.time() - start, results


def summarise(bs, duration, results):
    times = [r["latency"] for r in results]
    errors = sum(1 for r in results if r["error"])
    ok = [r for r in results if not r["error"]]
    print(f"\n### batch_size={bs} ###")
    print(f"  requests:           {len(results)}")
    print(f"  duration (s):       {duration:.2f}")
    print(f"  errors:             {errors}")
    print(f"  throughput (req/s): {len(results) / duration:.2f}")
    print(f"  avg latency (s):    {statistics.fmean(times):.2f}")
    for q in (50, 75, 90, 95):
        print(f"  p{q} latency (s):     {percentile(times, q):.2f}")
    if not ok:
        return
    ins = [r["in_tokens"] for r in ok if r["in_tokens"]]
    outs = [r["out_tokens"] for r in ok]
    if ins:
        print(f"  mean input tokens:  {statistics.fmean(ins):.1f}")
        print(f"  mean output tokens: {statistics.fmean(outs):.1f}")
        total_in = sum(ins)
        total_cached = sum(r["cached"] for r in ok)
        print(f"  cache hit rate:     {100 * total_cached / total_in:.1f}%")


def main():
    p = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    p.add_argument("--host", default="localhost:10001")
    p.add_argument("--prompts", default=DEFAULT_PROMPTS)
    p.add_argument("--model", default=DEFAULT_MODEL)
    p.add_argument("--samples", type=int, default=200)
    p.add_argument("--batches", default=",".join(map(str, range(3, 100))))
    p.add_argument("--input_tokens", type=int)
    p.add_argument("--output_tokens", type=int)
    p.add_argument("--best_of_n", type=int)
    p.add_argument("--max_latency", type=float, default=5.0)
    p.add_argument("--no_shuffle_input", dest="shuffle_input", action="store_false")
    args = p.parse_args()

    host = args.host if args.host.startswith("http") else f"http://{args.host}"
    prompts = load_prompts(args.prompts, args.samples)
    kw = dict(
        input_tokens=args.input_tokens,
        output_tokens=args.output_tokens,
        best_of_n=args.best_of_n,
        shuffle=args.shuffle_input,
    )
    for bs in [int(b) for b in args.batches.split(",")]:
        duration, results = run_batch(host, args.model, prompts, bs, **kw)
        summarise(bs, duration, results)
        times = [r["latency"] for r in results]
        if (
            statistics.fmean(times) > args.max_latency
            and percentile(times, 50) > args.max_latency
        ):
            print(f"break: latency exceeds max ({args.max_latency}s)")
            break


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
# terminal 1 — bring up the topology (pick one)
./run_1p3d.sh            # 1 prefill + 3 decode (TP=1)
# or
./run_1p1d_tp2.sh     # 1 prefill TP=1 + 1 decode TP=2 (hetero-TP)
# or
./run_1p1d_2tp.sh.   # 1 prefill TP=2 + 1 decode TP=2

# terminal 2 — drive load
python3 profiles.py --host localhost:10001 --best_of_n 8 --input_tokens 2048 --output_tokens 80 --max_latency 5
Essential Elements of an Effective PR Description Checklist
  • The purpose of the PR, such as "Fix some issue (link existing issues this PR will resolve)".
  • The test plan, such as providing test command.
  • The test results, such as pasting the results comparison before and after, or e2e results
  • (Optional) The necessary documentation update, such as updating supported_models.md and examples for a new model.

Under parallel sampling (n>1), vLLM expands a prompt into n sibling
requests named f"{index}_{parent_id}" (parallel_sampling.py:92) that
share one prompt KV. The D-side external prefix cache serves them
with a 100% hit rate after the first sibling is pulled, so the
producer only ever receives a pull-complete notification for one
sibling per parent. The remaining n-1 siblings strand in
_reqs_to_send until VLLM_NIXL_ABORT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT (default 480s),
which under load pins prefill GPU KV cache near 100% and hangs the
engine.

When one sibling's notification reaches the consumer-per-producer
threshold, also release any already-registered siblings of the same
parent. Siblings that register later (their parent already pulled)
are staged into _fanout_released and merged into get_finished()'s
done_sending. _pulled_bases is FIFO-capped at 8192 entries; on
eviction a late sibling falls back to the existing 480s expiry path,
matching prior behavior.

Signed-off-by: changning <spiderpower02@gmail.com>
…ducer registration

Under async scheduling the producer registers a request via
start_load_kv() and the consumer sends a pull-complete notification
in _get_new_notifs(); the two can race. Previously, if a notification
arrived before its req_id was in _reqs_to_send / _reqs_to_process,
_get_new_notifs() logged "Potentially invalid KV blocks for
unrecognized request ..." and dropped it. The request then only
freed at VLLM_NIXL_ABORT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT (default 480s). Under
heterogeneous TP (consumers-per-producer > 1) more than one
notification can race the registration and the request can stall
entirely.

Stage tp_size in _notif_n_consumers and increment the existing
consumer_notification_counts_by_req counter; start_load_kv() then
settles the request once it registers, staging the release into
_late_released (merged into get_finished()'s done_sending).
_notif_n_consumers is FIFO-capped at 8192 entries so notifications
for never-registering requests (aborted before scheduling) cannot
accumulate; on eviction the request falls back to the existing 480s
expiry path, matching prior behavior.

Signed-off-by: changning <spiderpower02@gmail.com>
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@mergify mergify Bot added v1 bug Something isn't working kv-connector labels May 24, 2026
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Code Review

This pull request addresses race conditions and resource stranding in the NIXL connector by implementing logic to handle early pull-complete notifications and 'best_of' sibling fan-out. It introduces tracking for staged notifications and pulled parent IDs, ensuring that requests are correctly released even when notifications arrive out of order or when only a subset of siblings is explicitly pulled. A performance optimization was suggested for the start_load_kv method to reduce the complexity of settling early notifications from O(M) to O(B) by integrating the check into the request registration loop.

Comment thread vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/nixl/worker.py Outdated
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💡 Codex Review

Here are some automated review suggestions for this pull request.

Reviewed commit: 74828c1117

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Comment thread vllm/distributed/kv_transfer/kv_connector/v1/nixl/worker.py
Addresses review feedback: the previous settle path scanned the entire
_notif_n_consumers staging dict (up to 8192 entries) on every
start_load_kv() call. Only requests being registered in the current
batch can possibly settle on this call — later notifications for an
already-registered request take the normal threshold-release path in
_get_new_notifs(). Move the check inside the existing reqs_in_batch
loop, before the FIX(best_of fan-out) branch, so each registration
is O(1) and the per-call cost is O(B) instead of O(M).

No behavior change for the test introduced with the original commit.

Signed-off-by: changning <spiderpower02@gmail.com>
Addresses review feedback: a request's _notif_n_consumers entry was
only cleared by the inline settle path in start_load_kv(). When a
request first staged an orphan notification but later released via
the normal threshold-met path in _get_new_notifs() (counter reaches
cpp through subsequent post-registration notifications), or via the
fan-out sibling release, the staged entry stayed in
_notif_n_consumers. Under sustained load these stale entries would
accumulate to the 8192 FIFO cap and the eviction path could then
drop the counter for an arbitrary unrelated request — including
still-live early-race requests — forcing the 480s timeout-based
release.

Pop _notif_n_consumers[req_id] in the two _get_new_notifs() release
branches (the threshold-met release and the fan-out sibling release)
and in start_load_kv()'s fan-out late-register branch, matching the
cleanup already done in the inline settle path.

Signed-off-by: changning <spiderpower02@gmail.com>
@NUABO
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NUABO commented May 25, 2026

hi @crazyguitar Please take a look at the error in this screenshot. Can it be fixed by your commit? Thank you very much!
image

@crazyguitar
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hi @crazyguitar Please take a look at the error in this screenshot. Can it be fixed by your commit? Thank you very much! image

@NUABO Yes, this looks like the issue this PR is intended to fix. However, the screenshot still shows the old failure signatures, so I suspect the run didn't apply this PR, right? If it is ok, could u provide commands how did u reproduce the issue so that I can verify on my environment. Thank you.

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NUABO commented May 25, 2026

hi @crazyguitar Please take a look at the error in this screenshot. Can it be fixed by your commit? Thank you very much! image

@NUABO Yes, this looks like the issue this PR is intended to fix. However, the screenshot still shows the old failure signatures, so I suspect the run didn't apply this PR, right? If it is ok, could u provide commands how did u reproduce the issue so that I can verify on my environment. Thank you.

yes, I haven't merged this patch yet. The configuration I'm using is below, you can give it a try.

decode
--kv-transfer-config '{"kv_connector":"MultiConnector","kv_role":"kv_consumer","kv_connector_extra_config":{"connectors":[{"kv_connector":"NixlConnector","kv_role":"kv_consumer"},{"kv_connector":"MooncakeStoreConnector","kv_role":"kv_consumer"}]}}' 

prefill
--kv-transfer-config '{"kv_connector":"MultiConnector","kv_role":"kv_producer","kv_connector_extra_config":{"connectors":[{"kv_connector":"NixlConnector","kv_role":"kv_producer"},{"kv_connector":"MooncakeStoreConnector","kv_role":"kv_producer"}]}}'

The issue I encountered before is documented here: #42831

@crazyguitar
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crazyguitar commented May 25, 2026

Hi @NUABO

I was unable to use MooncakeStoreConnector due to MooncakeStoreConnector segmentation fault.

Fortunately, If I utilized multi-connector with NixlConnector only, everything looked good. This is my test script (1p3d). You can use profiles.py in Checks section to test. Let me know if u encounter any issue. thx

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -o pipefail

cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")"
mkdir -p logs && rm -f logs/*.log
touch logs/proxy.log logs/prefill_0.log logs/decode_{0,1,2}.log

PIDS=()
trap 'echo; echo "[run] stopping..."; kill "${PIDS[@]:-}" 2>/dev/null; pkill -P $$ 2>/dev/null; wait 2>/dev/null; exit' INT TERM

echo "[run] starting 1p3d (NVIDIA MultiConnector[Nixl]: 1 toy proxy + 1 prefill + 3 decode)"

HERE="$(dirname "$(readlink -f "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")")"
PROXY="$HERE/../../pd-nixl/toy_proxy_server.py"

export NCCL_DEBUG=WARN
export UCX_RNDV_THRESH=8192
export UCX_TLS=tcp,cuda_ipc,cuda_copy,shm,cma,self
export VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_HOST=127.0.0.1

COMMON=(
    --tensor-parallel-size 1
    --gpu-memory-utilization 0.92
    --max-model-len 10240
    --max-num-batched-tokens 32768
    --max-num-seqs 128
    --trust-remote-code
    --kv-cache-dtype fp8
)

kv() {  # $1 = kv_role — MultiConnector wrapping a single NixlConnector child
    printf '{"kv_connector":"MultiConnector","kv_role":"%s","kv_connector_extra_config":{"connectors":[{"kv_connector":"NixlConnector","kv_role":"%s"}]}}' "$1" "$1"
}

python3 "$PROXY" --host 0.0.0.0 --port 10001 \
    --prefiller-hosts 127.0.0.1 --prefiller-ports 8100 \
    --decoder-hosts   127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 --decoder-ports 8200 8201 8202 \
    > logs/proxy.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)

CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=5600 \
    vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct "${COMMON[@]}" \
        --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8100 --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_producer)" \
    > logs/prefill_0.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)

CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=1 VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=5601 \
    vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct "${COMMON[@]}" \
        --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8200 --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_consumer)" \
    > logs/decode_0.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)

CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=2 VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=5602 \
    vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct "${COMMON[@]}" \
        --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8201 --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_consumer)" \
    > logs/decode_1.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)

CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=3 VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=5603 \
    vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct "${COMMON[@]}" \
        --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8202 --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_consumer)" \
    > logs/decode_2.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)

echo "[run] launched ${#PIDS[@]} services — tailing logs (Ctrl-C to stop)"
tail -F logs/*.log

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