[Bugfix][NIXL] Fix best_of_n KV leak and early-notification race in P/D#43509
[Bugfix][NIXL] Fix best_of_n KV leak and early-notification race in P/D#43509crazyguitar wants to merge 10 commits into
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Under parallel sampling (n>1), vLLM expands a prompt into n sibling
requests named f"{index}_{parent_id}" (parallel_sampling.py:92) that
share one prompt KV. The D-side external prefix cache serves them
with a 100% hit rate after the first sibling is pulled, so the
producer only ever receives a pull-complete notification for one
sibling per parent. The remaining n-1 siblings strand in
_reqs_to_send until VLLM_NIXL_ABORT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT (default 480s),
which under load pins prefill GPU KV cache near 100% and hangs the
engine.
When one sibling's notification reaches the consumer-per-producer
threshold, also release any already-registered siblings of the same
parent. Siblings that register later (their parent already pulled)
are staged into _fanout_released and merged into get_finished()'s
done_sending. _pulled_bases is FIFO-capped at 8192 entries; on
eviction a late sibling falls back to the existing 480s expiry path,
matching prior behavior.
Signed-off-by: changning <spiderpower02@gmail.com>
…ducer registration Under async scheduling the producer registers a request via start_load_kv() and the consumer sends a pull-complete notification in _get_new_notifs(); the two can race. Previously, if a notification arrived before its req_id was in _reqs_to_send / _reqs_to_process, _get_new_notifs() logged "Potentially invalid KV blocks for unrecognized request ..." and dropped it. The request then only freed at VLLM_NIXL_ABORT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT (default 480s). Under heterogeneous TP (consumers-per-producer > 1) more than one notification can race the registration and the request can stall entirely. Stage tp_size in _notif_n_consumers and increment the existing consumer_notification_counts_by_req counter; start_load_kv() then settles the request once it registers, staging the release into _late_released (merged into get_finished()'s done_sending). _notif_n_consumers is FIFO-capped at 8192 entries so notifications for never-registering requests (aborted before scheduling) cannot accumulate; on eviction the request falls back to the existing 480s expiry path, matching prior behavior. Signed-off-by: changning <spiderpower02@gmail.com>
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Code Review
This pull request addresses race conditions and resource stranding in the NIXL connector by implementing logic to handle early pull-complete notifications and 'best_of' sibling fan-out. It introduces tracking for staged notifications and pulled parent IDs, ensuring that requests are correctly released even when notifications arrive out of order or when only a subset of siblings is explicitly pulled. A performance optimization was suggested for the start_load_kv method to reduce the complexity of settling early notifications from O(M) to O(B) by integrating the check into the request registration loop.
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Addresses review feedback: the previous settle path scanned the entire _notif_n_consumers staging dict (up to 8192 entries) on every start_load_kv() call. Only requests being registered in the current batch can possibly settle on this call — later notifications for an already-registered request take the normal threshold-release path in _get_new_notifs(). Move the check inside the existing reqs_in_batch loop, before the FIX(best_of fan-out) branch, so each registration is O(1) and the per-call cost is O(B) instead of O(M). No behavior change for the test introduced with the original commit. Signed-off-by: changning <spiderpower02@gmail.com>
Addresses review feedback: a request's _notif_n_consumers entry was only cleared by the inline settle path in start_load_kv(). When a request first staged an orphan notification but later released via the normal threshold-met path in _get_new_notifs() (counter reaches cpp through subsequent post-registration notifications), or via the fan-out sibling release, the staged entry stayed in _notif_n_consumers. Under sustained load these stale entries would accumulate to the 8192 FIFO cap and the eviction path could then drop the counter for an arbitrary unrelated request — including still-live early-race requests — forcing the 480s timeout-based release. Pop _notif_n_consumers[req_id] in the two _get_new_notifs() release branches (the threshold-met release and the fan-out sibling release) and in start_load_kv()'s fan-out late-register branch, matching the cleanup already done in the inline settle path. Signed-off-by: changning <spiderpower02@gmail.com>
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hi @crazyguitar Please take a look at the error in this screenshot. Can it be fixed by your commit? Thank you very much! |
@NUABO Yes, this looks like the issue this PR is intended to fix. However, the screenshot still shows the old failure signatures, so I suspect the run didn't apply this PR, right? If it is ok, could u provide commands how did u reproduce the issue so that I can verify on my environment. Thank you. |
yes, I haven't merged this patch yet. The configuration I'm using is below, you can give it a try. The issue I encountered before is documented here: #42831 |
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Hi @NUABO I was unable to use Fortunately, If I utilized multi-connector with NixlConnector only, everything looked good. This is my test script (1p3d). You can use profiles.py in Checks section to test. Let me know if u encounter any issue. thx #!/usr/bin/env bash
set -o pipefail
cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")"
mkdir -p logs && rm -f logs/*.log
touch logs/proxy.log logs/prefill_0.log logs/decode_{0,1,2}.log
PIDS=()
trap 'echo; echo "[run] stopping..."; kill "${PIDS[@]:-}" 2>/dev/null; pkill -P $$ 2>/dev/null; wait 2>/dev/null; exit' INT TERM
echo "[run] starting 1p3d (NVIDIA MultiConnector[Nixl]: 1 toy proxy + 1 prefill + 3 decode)"
HERE="$(dirname "$(readlink -f "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")")"
PROXY="$HERE/../../pd-nixl/toy_proxy_server.py"
export NCCL_DEBUG=WARN
export UCX_RNDV_THRESH=8192
export UCX_TLS=tcp,cuda_ipc,cuda_copy,shm,cma,self
export VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_HOST=127.0.0.1
COMMON=(
--tensor-parallel-size 1
--gpu-memory-utilization 0.92
--max-model-len 10240
--max-num-batched-tokens 32768
--max-num-seqs 128
--trust-remote-code
--kv-cache-dtype fp8
)
kv() { # $1 = kv_role — MultiConnector wrapping a single NixlConnector child
printf '{"kv_connector":"MultiConnector","kv_role":"%s","kv_connector_extra_config":{"connectors":[{"kv_connector":"NixlConnector","kv_role":"%s"}]}}' "$1" "$1"
}
python3 "$PROXY" --host 0.0.0.0 --port 10001 \
--prefiller-hosts 127.0.0.1 --prefiller-ports 8100 \
--decoder-hosts 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 --decoder-ports 8200 8201 8202 \
> logs/proxy.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0 VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=5600 \
vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct "${COMMON[@]}" \
--host 0.0.0.0 --port 8100 --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_producer)" \
> logs/prefill_0.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=1 VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=5601 \
vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct "${COMMON[@]}" \
--host 0.0.0.0 --port 8200 --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_consumer)" \
> logs/decode_0.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=2 VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=5602 \
vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct "${COMMON[@]}" \
--host 0.0.0.0 --port 8201 --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_consumer)" \
> logs/decode_1.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=3 VLLM_NIXL_SIDE_CHANNEL_PORT=5603 \
vllm serve Qwen/Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct "${COMMON[@]}" \
--host 0.0.0.0 --port 8202 --kv-transfer-config "$(kv kv_consumer)" \
> logs/decode_2.log 2>&1 & PIDS+=($!)
echo "[run] launched ${#PIDS[@]} services — tailing logs (Ctrl-C to stop)"
tail -F logs/*.log |


Summary
Fixes two NIXL P/D bugs that hit under parallel sampling (
n > 1):FIX(best_of fan-out)— the decode pulls KV for only one ofnsiblings (others served by its prefix cache), so the producer frees only that one; the othern - 1strand in_reqs_to_senduntil the 480s expiry → prefill KV pins ~100% → engine hangs.FIX(early-notif race)— a pull-complete notification arriving beforestart_load_kv()registers the request was dropped as "unrecognized"; the request only freed at the 480s expiry. Under heterogeneous TP (cpp > 1) it stalls entirely.Validated end-to-end on three NIXL P/D topologies (1p3d TP=1, 1p1d_tp2 hetero-TP, 1p1d_2tp homogeneous TP=2): no expiries, no engine hangs, KV drains between batches.
Why this is not duplicating an existing PR
Searched open / merged PRs for
NIXL best_of,NIXL parallel sampling,NIXL KV leak,_get_new_notifs,start_load_kv stranded,_reqs_to_send 480s. Closest matches:n > 1scenario at the API layer (outputs.py/parallel_sampling.py); this PR fixes the connector release path (nixl/worker.py). Complementary.MultiConnectordispatch).No existing PR covers the NIXL producer
_get_new_notifs/start_load_kvrelease path.Purpose
Two related bug fixes to the NIXL P/D producer KV-release path that together resolve an engine hang under parallel sampling (
n > 1/best_of_n > 1) and a notification-vs-registration race that strands requests until the 480s expiry under heterogeneous TP.1.
FIX(best_of fan-out)—n > 1KV leakWhen
n > 1(parallel sampling), vLLM splits one prompt intonsibling requestsf"{i}_{parent}"that share one prompt KV on the prefill. The decode pulls that KV for only one sibling and serves the rest from its prefix cache, so the producer gets only one pull-complete notification per parent and frees only one ofnsiblings. The othern - 1strand untilVLLM_NIXL_ABORT_REQUEST_TIMEOUT(default 480s), pinning prefill GPU KV cache at ~100% under load → engine hangs.Before:
After:
2.
FIX(early-notif race)— notification arrives before producer registrationUnder async scheduling, the consumer's pull-complete notification can arrive at the producer before
start_load_kv()registers the request. Stock_get_new_notifs()dropped any notification whosereq_idwas not yet in_reqs_to_process(loggingPotentially invalid KV blocks ...). The request then only freed at the 480s expiry. Under heterogeneous TP (consumers_per_producer > 1), more than one notification can race the registration and the request stalls entirely.Before:
After:
Changes
worker.py: track_pulled_bases+_fanout_releasedto release best_of siblings together; fold intoget_finished().worker.py: stage early notifications in_notif_n_consumers; settle on registration into_late_released.worker.py: add_best_of_parent()helper that parses thef"{i}_{parent}"sibling naming convention.test_nixl_connector.py: add_QueueingFakeNixlWrapper+ 3 BDD tests covering both fixes.Test Plan
Unit tests
3 new tests in
tests/v1/kv_connector/unit/test_nixl_connector.pyusing the existingFakeNixlConnectorWorker/FakeNixlWrapper:test_one_sibling_pull_releases_all_registered_siblingstest_sibling_registering_after_parent_pulled_is_freed_at_registrationtest_notification_arriving_before_registration_settles_on_registrationEnd-to-end
Environment:
vllm/vllm-openai:v0.21.0, 4× A100-80GB, Qwen2.5-7B fp8,best_of_n=8, 2048 input / 80 output tokens, NIXL/UCX over cuda_ipc.FIX(best_of fan-out).cpp > 1regime).Bring up the topology with the attached
run.sh, then drive load withprofiles.py:Test Result
With both fixes applied on the 1p3d and 1p1d_tp2 setups (Qwen2.5-7B fp8,
best_of_n=8, NIXL/UCX, A100-80GB):Releasing expired KV blocks for requestlog lines (no 480s timeouts firing).Potentially invalid KV blocks for unrecognized requestERROR lines (these fire withoutFIX(early-notif race)).Checks
Local pre-commit run on the changed files:
All pass: ruff-check, ruff-format, typos, SPDX headers, root lazy imports, forbidden imports,
torch.cudacall check, mypy-3.10, attention backend docs, boolean-ops-in-with-statements. DCO signoff present on both commits.Repro scripts (1p3d/run.sh)
Repro scripts (1p1d_tp2/run.sh, hetero-TP)
Repro scripts (1p1d_2tp/run.sh, prefill TP2 and decode TP2)
Benchmark client (profiles.py)
supported_models.mdandexamplesfor a new model.