feat: Add time_zone to Datetime column

dataframely/columns/datetime.py

@@ -9,7 +9,12 @@
 
 import polars as pl
 
-from dataframely._compat import pa, sa, sa_mssql, sa_TypeEngine
+from dataframely._compat import (
+    pa,
+    sa,
+    sa_mssql,
+    sa_TypeEngine,
+)
 from dataframely._polars import (
     EPOCH_DATETIME,
     date_matches_resolution,
@@ -265,6 +270,7 @@ def __init__(
         max: dt.datetime | None = None,
         max_exclusive: dt.datetime | None = None,
         resolution: str | None = None,
+        time_zone: str | dt.tzinfo | None = None,
         check: Callable[[pl.Expr], pl.Expr] | None = None,
         alias: str | None = None,
         metadata: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
@@ -284,6 +290,9 @@ def __init__(
                 the formatting language used by :mod:`polars` datetime ``round`` method.
                 For example, a value ``1h`` expects all datetimes to be full hours. Note
                 that this setting does *not* affect the storage resolution.
+            time_zone: The time zone that datetimes in the column must have. The time
+                zone must use a valid IANA time zone name identifier e.x. ``Etc/UTC`` or
+                ``America/New_York``.
             check: A custom check to run for this column. Must return a non-aggregated
                 boolean expression.
             alias: An overwrite for this column's name which allows for using a column
@@ -317,10 +326,11 @@ def __init__(
             metadata=metadata,
         )
         self.resolution = resolution
+        self.time_zone = time_zone
 
     @property
     def dtype(self) -> pl.DataType:
-        return pl.Datetime()
+        return pl.Datetime(time_zone=self.time_zone)
 
     def validation_rules(self, expr: pl.Expr) -> dict[str, pl.Expr]:
         result = super().validation_rules(expr)
@@ -329,16 +339,22 @@ def validation_rules(self, expr: pl.Expr) -> dict[str, pl.Expr]:
         return result
 
     def sqlalchemy_dtype(self, dialect: sa.Dialect) -> sa_TypeEngine:
+        timezone_enabled = self.time_zone is not None
         match dialect.name:
             case "mssql":
                 # sa.DateTime wrongly maps to DATETIME
-                return sa_mssql.DATETIME2(6)
+                return sa_mssql.DATETIME2(6, timezone=timezone_enabled)
             case _:
-                return sa.DateTime()
+                return sa.DateTime(timezone=timezone_enabled)
 
     @property
     def pyarrow_dtype(self) -> pa.DataType:
-        return pa.timestamp("us")
+        time_zone = (
+            self.time_zone.tzname(None)
+            if isinstance(self.time_zone, dt.timezone)
+            else self.time_zone
+        )
+        return pa.timestamp("us", time_zone)
 
     def _sample_unchecked(self, generator: Generator, n: int) -> pl.Series:
         return generator.sample_datetime(
@@ -354,6 +370,7 @@ def _sample_unchecked(self, generator: Generator, n: int) -> pl.Series:
                 allow_null_response=True,
             ),
             resolution=self.resolution,
+            time_zone=self.time_zone,
             null_probability=self._null_probability,
         )
 

dataframely/random.py

@@ -293,6 +293,7 @@ def sample_datetime(
         min: dt.datetime,
         max: dt.datetime | None,
         resolution: str | None = None,
+        time_zone: str | dt.tzinfo | None = None,
         null_probability: float = 0.0,
     ) -> pl.Series:
         """Sample a list of datetimes in the provided range.
@@ -303,6 +304,9 @@ def sample_datetime(
             max: The maximum datetime to sample (exclusive). '10000-01-01' when ``None``.
             resolution: The resolution that datetimes in the column must have. This uses
                 the formatting language used by :mod:`polars` datetime ``round`` method.
+            time_zone: The time zone that datetimes in the column must have. The time
+                zone must use a valid IANA time zone name identifier e.x. ``Etc/UTC`` or
+                ``America/New_York``.
             null_probability: The probability of an element being ``null``.
 
         Returns:
@@ -329,7 +333,7 @@ def sample_datetime(
             )
             # NOTE: polars tracks datetimes relative to epoch
             - _datetime_to_microseconds(EPOCH_DATETIME)
-        ).cast(pl.Datetime)
+        ).cast(pl.Datetime(time_zone=time_zone))
 
         if resolution is not None:
             return result.dt.truncate(resolution)

tests/column_types/test_datetime.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 
 import datetime as dt
+import re
 from typing import Any
 
 import polars as pl
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@
 
 import dataframely as dy
 from dataframely.columns import Column
+from dataframely.exc import DtypeValidationError
 from dataframely.random import Generator
 from dataframely.testing import evaluate_rules, rules_from_exprs
 from dataframely.testing.factory import create_schema
@@ -392,11 +394,42 @@ def test_validate_resolution(
     [
         dy.Datetime(
             min=dt.datetime(2020, 1, 1), max=dt.datetime(2021, 1, 1), resolution="1h"
-        )
+        ),
+        dy.Datetime(time_zone="Etc/UTC"),
     ],
 )
-def test_sample_resolution(column: dy.Column) -> None:
+def test_sample(column: dy.Column) -> None:
     generator = Generator(seed=42)
     samples = column.sample(generator, n=10_000)
     schema = create_schema("test", {"a": column})
     schema.validate(samples.to_frame("a"))
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("dtype", "column", "error"),
+    [
+        (
+            pl.Datetime(time_zone="America/New_York"),
+            dy.Datetime(time_zone="Etc/UTC"),
+            r"1 columns have an invalid dtype.*\n.*got dtype 'Datetime\(time_unit='us', time_zone='America/New_York'\)' but expected 'Datetime\(time_unit='us', time_zone='Etc/UTC'\)'",
+        ),
+        (
+            pl.Datetime(time_zone="Etc/UTC"),
+            dy.Datetime(time_zone="Etc/UTC"),
+            None,
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_dtype_time_zone_validation(
+    dtype: pl.DataType,
+    column: dy.Column,
+    error: str | None,
+) -> None:
+    df = pl.DataFrame(schema={"a": dtype})
+    schema = create_schema("test", {"a": column})
+    if error is None:
+        schema.validate(df)
+    else:
+        with pytest.raises(DtypeValidationError) as exc:
+            schema.validate(df)
+        assert re.match(error, str(exc.value))

tests/columns/test_sql_schema.py

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
         (dy.Bool(), "BIT"),
         (dy.Date(), "DATE"),
         (dy.Datetime(), "DATETIME2(6)"),
+        (dy.Datetime(time_zone="Etc/UTC"), "DATETIME2(6)"),
         (dy.Time(), "TIME(6)"),
         (dy.Duration(), "DATETIME2(6)"),
         (dy.Decimal(), "NUMERIC"),
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ def test_mssql_datatype(column: Column, datatype: str) -> None:
         (dy.Bool(), "BOOLEAN"),
         (dy.Date(), "DATE"),
         (dy.Datetime(), "TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE"),
+        (dy.Datetime(time_zone="Etc/UTC"), "TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE"),
         (dy.Time(), "TIME WITHOUT TIME ZONE"),
         (dy.Duration(), "INTERVAL"),
         (dy.Decimal(), "NUMERIC"),