[slimtensor] Add utility functions to common_shims_slim

[Gasoonjia]

Stack from ghstack (oldest at bottom):

• [slimtensor] Add from_etensor factory function for ETensor to SlimTensor conversion #16551
• rename slimtensor fiies to consistent with executorch files #16469
• -> [slimtensor] Add utility functions to common_shims_slim #16457
• [slimtensor] Add storage and device property getters to common_shims_slim #16455
• [slimtensor] Add common_shims_slim with basic property getters #16454

Add utility functions to the header-only common_shims_slim library:

1. DType constants:

   • aoti_torch_dtype_float32() - Returns 6 (ScalarType::Float)
   • aoti_torch_dtype_bfloat16() - Returns 15 (ScalarType::BFloat16)
   • aoti_torch_dtype_int64() - Returns 4 (ScalarType::Long)
   • aoti_torch_dtype_int32() - Returns 3 (ScalarType::Int)
   • aoti_torch_dtype_int16() - Returns 2 (ScalarType::Short)
   • aoti_torch_dtype_int8() - Returns 1 (ScalarType::Char)
   • aoti_torch_dtype_bool() - Returns 11 (ScalarType::Bool)

2. Device type constants:

   • aoti_torch_device_type_cpu() - Returns 0 (DeviceType::CPU)
   • aoti_torch_device_type_cuda() - Returns 1 (DeviceType::CUDA)

3. Grad mode functions (not supported in ExecuTorch):

   • aoti_torch_grad_mode_is_enabled() - Always returns false
   • aoti_torch_grad_mode_set_enabled() - Returns Ok for false, NotSupported for true

Differential Revision: D90126250

[pytorch-bot]

🔗 Helpful Links

🧪 See artifacts and rendered test results at hud.pytorch.org/pr/pytorch/executorch/16457

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❌ 2 New Failures, 3 Unrelated Failures

As of commit 12449fe with merge base 99348ed ():

NEW FAILURES - The following jobs have failed:

• Test CUDA Builds / check-all-cuda-builds (gh)
  Process completed with exit code 1.
• Test CUDA Builds / test-model-cuda-e2e (mistralai, Voxtral-Mini-3B-2507, quantized-int4-tile-packed) / linux-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command docker exec -t 0a2a223ac0e35eafa10fe292f8768a8e8c269cc19af004ae5ad6e805945aa937 /exec failed with exit code 1

FLAKY - The following jobs failed but were likely due to flakiness present on trunk:

• Test CUDA Builds / test-executorch-cuda-build-12.8 / linux-job (gh) (detected as infra flaky with no log or failing log classifier)
• Test Metal Backend / test-model-metal-e2e (openai, whisper-small, non-quantized) / macos-job (gh) (similar failure)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/ec2-user/runner/_work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 1

BROKEN TRUNK - The following job failed but were present on the merge base:

👉 Rebase onto the `viable/strict` branch to avoid these failures

• Test Metal Backend / test-model-metal-e2e (openai, whisper-large-v3-turbo, non-quantized) / macos-job (gh) (trunk failure)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/ec2-user/runner/_work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 1

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